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Islam in the Soviet Union, the Glossary

After it was established on most of the territory of the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union remained the world's largest country until it collapsed in 1991.^[1]

94 relations: All-Russian Congress of Soviets, Asia, Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic, Baku, Balkars, Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Bolsheviks, Capitalism, Caucasus, Chechens, Chechnya and Ingushetia in the Soviet Union, Christian state, Communism, Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Communist revolution, Communist state, Congress of the Peoples of the East, Crimean Tatars, Cult of personality, Deportation of the Chechens and Ingush, Deportation of the Crimean Tatars, Dissolution of the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodoxy, Europe, Friday prayer, Great Purge, Hujum, Idel-Ural, Imam, Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism, Ingush people, Islam, Islamic socialism, Jadid, Joseph Stalin, Journal of World History, Karachays, Karakalpak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic, Korenizatsiia, Law of the Soviet Union, Left-wing nationalism, List of Russian monarchs, Madrasa, Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Mass killings under communist regimes, Meskhetian Turks, ... Expand index (44 more) »
Religion in Central Asia

All-Russian Congress of Soviets

The All-Russian Congress of Soviets evolved from 1917 to become the supreme governing body of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1918 until 1936, effectively.

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Asia

Asia is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population.

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The Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic, also referred to as the Azerbaijani Soviet Socialist Republic, Azerbaijan SSR, Azerbaijani SSR, AzSSR, Soviet Azerbaijan or simply Azerbaijan, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union between 1922 and 1991.

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Baku

Baku (Bakı) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and in the Caucasus region.

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Balkars

Balkars (Malqarlıla or Таулула, Tawlula, 'Mountaineers') are a Turkic ethnic group in the North Caucasus region, one of the titular populations of Kabardino-Balkaria.

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The Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (translit; Башкирская Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика или Башкирия, Bashkirskaya Avtonomnaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), also historically known as Soviet Bashkiria or simply Bashkiria, was an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR.

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Bolsheviks

The Bolsheviks (italic,; from большинство,, 'majority'), led by Vladimir Lenin, were a far-left faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split with the Mensheviks at the Second Party Congress in 1903.

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Capitalism

Capitalism is an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit.

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Caucasus

The Caucasus or Caucasia, is a transcontinental region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia.

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Chechens

The Chechens (Нохчий,, Old Chechen: Нахчой, Naxçoy), historically also known as Kisti and Durdzuks, are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group of the Nakh peoples native to the North Caucasus.

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Chechnya and Ingushetia in the Soviet Union

When the Soviet Union existed, different governments had ruled the southern Caucasus regions of Chechnya and Ingushetia.

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Christian state

A Christian state is a country that recognizes a form of Christianity as its official religion and often has a state church (also called an established church), which is a Christian denomination that supports the government and is supported by the government.

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Communism

Communism (from Latin label) is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered around common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange that allocates products to everyone in the society based on need.

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Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), at some points known as the Russian Communist Party, All-Union Communist Party and Bolshevik Party, and sometimes referred to as the Soviet Communist Party (SCP), was the founding and ruling political party of the Soviet Union.

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Communist revolution

A communist revolution is a proletarian revolution inspired by the ideas of Marxism that aims to replace capitalism with communism.

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Communist state

A communist state, also known as a Marxist–Leninist state, is a one-party state in which the totality of the power belongs to a party adhering to some form of Marxism–Leninism, a branch of the communist ideology.

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Congress of the Peoples of the East

The Congress of the Peoples of the East was a multinational conference held in September 1920 by the Communist International in Baku, Azerbaijan (then the capital of Soviet Azerbaijan).

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Crimean Tatars

Crimean Tatars or Crimeans are a Turkic ethnic group and nation native to Crimea.

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Cult of personality

A cult of personality, or a cult of the leader,Mudde, Cas and Kaltwasser, Cristóbal Rovira (2017) Populism: A Very Short Introduction.

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Deportation of the Chechens and Ingush

The deportation of the Chechens and Ingush (translit, Мехкахдахар), or Ardakhar Genocide (translit), and also known as Operation Lentil (Chechevitsa; noxçiy ə, ġalġay ə maxkaxbaxar), was the Soviet forced transfer of the whole of the Vainakh (Chechen and Ingush) populations of the North Caucasus to Central Asia on 23 February 1944, during World War II.

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Deportation of the Crimean Tatars

The deportation of the Crimean Tatars (Qırımtatar halqınıñ sürgünligi, Cyrillic: Къырымтатар халкъынынъ сюргюнлиги) or the Sürgünlik ('exile') was the ethnic cleansing and the cultural genocide of at least 191,044 Crimean Tatars which was carried out by Soviet Union authorities from 18 to 20 May 1944, supervised by Lavrentiy Beria, chief of Soviet state security and the secret police, and ordered by the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin.

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Dissolution of the Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was formally dissolved as a sovereign state and subject of international law on 26 December 1991 by Declaration № 142-Н of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union.

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Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe is a subregion of the European continent.

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Eastern Orthodox Church

The Eastern Orthodox Church, officially the Orthodox Catholic Church, and also called the Greek Orthodox Church or simply the Orthodox Church, is the second-largest Christian church, with approximately 230 million baptised members.

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Eastern Orthodoxy

Eastern Orthodoxy, otherwise known as Eastern Orthodox Christianity or Byzantine Christianity, is one of the three main branches of Chalcedonian Christianity, alongside Catholicism and Protestantism.

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Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

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Friday prayer

In Islam, Friday prayer, or Congregational prayer (translit) is a community prayer service held once a week on Fridays.

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Great Purge

The Great Purge, or the Great Terror (translit), also known as the Year of '37 (label) and the Yezhovshchina (label), was Soviet General Secretary Joseph Stalin's campaign to consolidate power over the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and Soviet state.

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Hujum

Hujum refers to a broad campaign undertaken by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union to remove all manifestations of gender inequality within the Union Republics of Central Asia. Islam in the Soviet Union and Hujum are religious persecution by communists.

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Idel-Ural

Idel-Ural (translit, Идель-Урал), literally Volga-Ural, is a historical region in Eastern Europe, in what is today Russia.

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Imam

Imam (إمام,;: أئمة) is an Islamic leadership position.

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Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism

Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism, originally published as Imperialism, the Newest Stage of Capitalism, is a book written by Vladimir Lenin in 1916 and published in 1917.

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Ingush people

Ingush (translit, pronounced), historically known as Durdzuks, Gligvi and Kists, are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Republic of Ingushetia in central Caucasus, but also inhabitanting Prigorodny District and town of Vladikavkaz of modern day North-Ossetia.

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Islam

Islam (al-Islām) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder.

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Islamic socialism is a political philosophy that incorporates Islamic principles into socialism.

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Jadid

The Jadids were a political, religious, and cultural movement of Muslim modernist reformers within the Russian Empire in the late 19th and early 20th century.

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Joseph Stalin

Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953.

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Journal of World History

The Journal of World History is a peer-reviewed academic journal that presents historical analysis from a global point of view, focusing especially on forces that cross the boundaries of cultures and civilizations, including large-scale population movements, economic fluctuations, transfers of technology, the spread of infectious diseases, long-distance trade, and the spread of religious faiths, ideas, and values.

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Karachays

The Karachays or Karachai (Qaraçaylıla or таулула, tawlula, 'Mountaineers') are an indigenous North Caucasian-Turkic ethnic group native to the North Caucasus.

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The Karakalpak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Karakalpak ASSR; Karakalpak: Қарақалпақстан АССР, Qaraqalpaqstan ASSR; Қорақалпоғистон АССР, Qoraqalpog‘iston ASSR; Каракалпакская АССР, Karakalpakskaya ASSR), also known as Soviet Karakalpakstan or simply Karakalpakstan, was an autonomous republic within the Soviet Union.

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The Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, also known as Soviet Kazakhstan, the Kazakh SSR, or simply Kazakhstan, was one of the transcontinental constituent republics of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1936 to 1991.

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The Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic (Kirghiz SSR), also known as the Kyrgyz Soviet Socialist Republic (Kyrgyz SSR) or Kirgiz Soviet Socialist Republic (Kirgiz SSR), was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1936 to 1991.

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Korenizatsiia

Korenizatsiia (korenizatsiya,; korenizatsiia) was an early policy of the Soviet Union for the integration of non-Russian nationalities into the governments of their specific Soviet republics.

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Law of the Soviet Union

The Law of the Soviet Union was the law as it developed in the Soviet Union (USSR) following the October Revolution of 1917.

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Left-wing nationalism

Left-wing nationalism or leftist nationalism is a form of nationalism which is based upon national self-determination, popular sovereignty, and left-wing political positions such as social equality.

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List of Russian monarchs

This is a list of all reigning monarchs in the history of Russia.

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Madrasa

Madrasa (also,; Arabic: مدرسة, pl. مدارس), sometimes transliterated as madrasah or madrassa, is the Arabic word for any type of educational institution, secular or religious (of any religion), whether for elementary education or higher learning.

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The Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Mari ASSR) (Mari: Марий Автоном Совет Социализм Республик, Mariy Avtonom Sovet Sotsializm Respublik) was an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR, succeeding the Mari Autonomous Oblast.

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Mass killings under communist regimes

Mass killings under communist regimes occurred through a variety of means during the 20th century, including executions, famine, deaths through forced labour, deportation, starvation, and imprisonment.

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Meskhetian Turks

Meskhetian Turks, also referred to as Turkish Meskhetians, Ahiska Turks, and Turkish Ahiskans, (მესხეთის თურქები Meskhetis turk'ebi) are a subgroup of ethnic Turkish people formerly inhabiting the Meskheti region of Georgia, along the border with Turkey.

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Milliy Firqa

Milliy Firqa (Milliy Fırqa, ملی فرقا - National Party, Cyrillic: Милли фирка) was a Muslim political group in Crimea, which transferred en masse to the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War.

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Moscow

Moscow is the capital and largest city of Russia.

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Mosque

A mosque, also called a masjid, is a place of worship for Muslims.

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The Muslim Social Democratic Party, usually referred to as Hummet (Hümmət) ("Endeavor"), was a political party in South Caucasus.

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Muslims

Muslims (God) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition.

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National communism

National communism is a term describing various forms in which Marxism–Leninism and socialism has been adopted and/or implemented by leaders in different countries using aspects of nationalism or national identity to form a policy independent from communist internationalism.

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Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship.

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NKVD

The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (Narodnyy komissariat vnutrennikh del), abbreviated as NKVD, was the interior ministry of the Soviet Union from 1934 to 1946.

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North Asia

North Asia or Northern Asia is the northern region of Asia, which is defined in geographical terms and consists of three federal districts of Russia: Ural, Siberian, and the Far Eastern.

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October Revolution

The October Revolution, also known as the Great October Socialist Revolution (in Soviet historiography), October coup,, britannica.com Bolshevik coup, or Bolshevik revolution, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was a key moment in the larger Russian Revolution of 1917–1923.

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Paranja

Paranja, paranji, or faranji (from) is a traditional Central Asian robe for women and girls that covers the head and body.

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Population transfer in the Soviet Union

From 1930 to 1952, the government of the Soviet Union, on the orders of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin under the direction of the NKVD official Lavrentiy Beria, forcibly transferred populations of various groups.

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Purdah

Pardah or purdah (from Hindi-Urdu پردہ, पर्दा, meaning "curtain") is a religious and social practice of gender partition prevalent among some Muslim and Hindu communities.

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Republics of the Soviet Union

The Republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics or the Union Republics (r) were national-based administrative units of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).

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Russian Empire

The Russian Empire was a vast empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its proclamation in November 1721 until its dissolution in March 1917.

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The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR), previously known as the Russian Soviet Republic and the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, and unofficially as Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the laboring and exploited people, article I. was an independent federal socialist state from 1917 to 1922, and afterwards the largest and most populous constituent republic of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1922 to 1991, until becoming a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with priority of Russian laws over Union-level legislation in 1990 and 1991, the last two years of the existence of the USSR..

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Samarkand Kufic Quran

The Samarkand Kufic Quran (also known as the Uthman Quran, Samarkand codex, Samarkand manuscript and Tashkent Quran) is an 8th or 9th century manuscript Quran written in the territory of modern Iraq in the Kufic script, where it was later taken by Tamerlane to Samarkand (present-day Uzbekistan).

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Shami-Damulla

Shami-Damulla (died 1932) (Шами-дамулла) was a nickname for Sa‘id ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Wahid ibn ‘Ali al-‘Asali al-Tarablusi al-Shami al-Dimashqi, an important figure in the development of Islamic fundamentalism in Soviet Central Asia.

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Sharia

Sharia (sharīʿah) is a body of religious law that forms a part of the Islamic tradition based on scriptures of Islam, particularly the Quran and hadith.

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Shia Islam

Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam.

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Siberia

Siberia (Sibir') is an extensive geographical region comprising all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east.

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Soviet Central Asia

Soviet Central Asia (Sovetskaya Srednyaya Aziya) was the part of Central Asia administered by the Soviet Union between 1918 and 1991, when the Central Asian republics declared independence.

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Soviet Orientalist studies in Islam

Soviet Orientalist studies in Islam are academic discourses by Soviet Marxist theoreticians about Islam, its origins and development based on historical materialism and Muslims.

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Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.

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Spiritual Administration of the Muslims of Central Asia and Kazakhstan

The Spiritual Administration of the Muslims of Central Asia and Kazakhstan (SADUM) (Духовное управление мусульман Средней Азии и Казахстана (САДУМ); Ўрта Осиё ва Қозоғистон мусулмонлари диний бошқармаси) was the official governing body for Islamic activities in the five Central Asian republics of the Soviet Union.

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State atheism

State atheism or atheist state is the incorporation of hard atheism or non-theism into political regimes. Islam in the Soviet Union and state atheism are religious persecution by communists.

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Sunni Islam

Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims, and simultaneously the largest religious denomination in the world.

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The Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic, also commonly known as Soviet Tajikistan, the Tajik SSR, or simply Tajikistan, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union which existed from 1929 to 1991 in Central Asia.

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Tatar Union of the Godless

The Tatar Union of the Godless was an organisation in the Muslim republics during the purges by the Soviet Union.

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Tatars

The Tatars, in the Collins English Dictionary formerly also spelt Tartars, is an umbrella term for different Turkic ethnic groups bearing the name "Tatar" across Eastern Europe and Asia. Initially, the ethnonym Tatar possibly referred to the Tatar confederation. That confederation was eventually incorporated into the Mongol Empire when Genghis Khan unified the various steppe tribes.

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Taylor & Francis

Taylor & Francis Group is an international company originating in England that publishes books and academic journals.

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Tsar

Tsar (also spelled czar, tzar, or csar; tsar; tsar'; car) is a title historically used by Slavic monarchs.

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Tsarist autocracy

Tsarist autocracy (tsarskoye samoderzhaviye), also called Tsarism, was an autocracy, a form of absolute monarchy localised with the Grand Duchy of Moscow and its successor states, the Tsardom of Russia and the Russian Empire.

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Turkic peoples

The Turkic peoples are a collection of diverse ethnic groups of West, Central, East, and North Asia as well as parts of Europe, who speak Turkic languages.

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The Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (Түркменистан Совет Социалистик Республикасы, Türkmenistan Sowet Sotsialistik Respublikasy; Туркменская Советская Социалистическая Республика, Turkmenskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), also known as Soviet Turkmenistan, the Turkmen SSR, Turkmenistan, or Turkmenia, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union located in Central Asia existed as a republic from 1925 to 1991.

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Ufa

Ufa (p; Öfö) is the largest city in and the capital of Bashkortostan, Russia.

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The Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic, also known as Soviet Uzbekistan, the Uzbek SSR, UzSSR, or simply Uzbekistan and rarely Uzbekia, was a union republic of the Soviet Union. It was governed by the Uzbek branch of the Soviet Communist Party, the legal political party, from 1925 until 1990. From 1990 to 1991, it was a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation.

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Veli İbraimov

Veli İbraimov (translit; 1888 – 9 May 1928), also written as Veli Ibrahimov (translit), was a Crimean Tatar revolutionary and Soviet politician who served as the second Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, serving from 1924 to 1928.

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Vladimir Lenin

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (1870 – 21 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin, was a Russian revolutionary, politician and political theorist.

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Waqf

A (وَقْف;, plural), also called a (plural حُبوس or أَحْباس), or mortmain property, is an inalienable charitable endowment under Islamic law.

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Western world

The Western world, also known as the West, primarily refers to various nations and states in the regions of Australasia, Western Europe, and Northern America; with some debate as to whether those in Eastern Europe and Latin America also constitute the West.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_the_Soviet_Union

Also known as Islam in the USSR, Soviet Muslim, Soviet Muslims.

, Milliy Firqa, Moscow, Mosque, Muslim Social Democratic Party, Muslims, National communism, Nazi Germany, NKVD, North Asia, October Revolution, Paranja, Population transfer in the Soviet Union, Purdah, Republics of the Soviet Union, Russian Empire, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Samarkand Kufic Quran, Shami-Damulla, Sharia, Shia Islam, Siberia, Soviet Central Asia, Soviet Orientalist studies in Islam, Soviet Union, Spiritual Administration of the Muslims of Central Asia and Kazakhstan, State atheism, Sunni Islam, Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic, Tatar Union of the Godless, Tatars, Taylor & Francis, Tsar, Tsarist autocracy, Turkic peoples, Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic, Ufa, Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic, Veli İbraimov, Vladimir Lenin, Waqf, Western world, Women in Islam, World War II, Young Bukharans.

Islam in the Soviet Union, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Religion in Central Asia

References