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Sphenosuchus, the Glossary

Sphenosuchus ("wedge crocodile") is an extinct genus of crocodylomorph from the Early Jurassic Elliot Formation of South Africa, discovered and described early in the 20th century.^[1]

54 relations: Alick Walker, Anatomical terms of location, Apomorphy and synapomorphy, Archosaur, Arizona, Bird, Carnivore, Carpal bones, Clavicle, Common carotid artery, Common descent, Crocodile, Crocodylomorpha, Cursorial, Early Jurassic, Elliot Formation, Eustachian tube, Evolution, Extinction, Facial nerve, Facultative bipedalism, Fossa (anatomy), Friedrich von Huene, Genus, Jugal bone, Late Triassic, Mandible, Maxilla, Metacarpal bones, Metatarsal bones, Nasal bone, Neurocranium, New Mexico, Occam's razor, Orbit, Parietal bone, Petrified Forest National Park, Phylogenetics, Pneumatics, Pseudosuchia, Pterygoid bone, Quadrate bone, Quadrupedalism, Radius, Scapula, Sister group, Skull, Snout, South Africa, Squamosal bone, ... Expand index (4 more) »
Early Jurassic crocodylomorphs
Fossil taxa described in 1924
Jurassic South Africa
Jurassic reptiles of Africa

Alick Walker

Alick Donald Walker (26 October 1925 – 4 December 1999) was a British palaeontologist, after whom the Alwalkeria genus of dinosaur is named.

See Sphenosuchus and Alick Walker

Anatomical terms of location

Standard anatomical terms of location are used to unambiguously describe the anatomy of animals, including humans.

See Sphenosuchus and Anatomical terms of location

Apomorphy and synapomorphy

In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy).

See Sphenosuchus and Apomorphy and synapomorphy

Archosaur

Archosauria or archosaurs is a clade of diapsid sauropsid tetrapods, with birds and crocodilians being the only extant representatives.

See Sphenosuchus and Archosaur

Arizona

Arizona (Hoozdo Hahoodzo; Alĭ ṣonak) is a landlocked state in the Southwestern region of the United States.

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Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton.

See Sphenosuchus and Bird

Carnivore

A carnivore, or meat-eater (Latin, caro, genitive carnis, meaning meat or "flesh" and vorare meaning "to devour"), is an animal or plant whose food and energy requirements are met by the consumption of animal tissues (mainly muscle, fat and other soft tissues) whether through hunting or scavenging.

See Sphenosuchus and Carnivore

Carpal bones

The carpal bones are the eight small bones that make up the wrist (carpus) that connects the hand to the forearm.

See Sphenosuchus and Carpal bones

Clavicle

The clavicle, collarbone, or keybone is a slender, S-shaped long bone approximately 6 inches (15 cm) long that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and the sternum (breastbone).

See Sphenosuchus and Clavicle

Common carotid artery

In anatomy, the left and right common carotid arteries (carotids) are arteries that supply the head and neck with oxygenated blood; they divide in the neck to form the external and internal carotid arteries.

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Common descent

Common descent is a concept in evolutionary biology applicable when one species is the ancestor of two or more species later in time.

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Crocodile

Crocodiles (family Crocodylidae) or true crocodiles are large semiaquatic reptiles that live throughout the tropics in Africa, Asia, the Americas and Australia.

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Crocodylomorpha

Crocodylomorpha is a group of pseudosuchian archosaurs that includes the crocodilians and their extinct relatives.

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Cursorial

A cursorial organism is one that is adapted specifically to run.

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Early Jurassic

The Early Jurassic Epoch (in chronostratigraphy corresponding to the Lower Jurassic Series) is the earliest of three epochs of the Jurassic Period.

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Elliot Formation

The Elliot Formation is a geological formation and forms part of the Stormberg Group, the uppermost geological group that comprises the greater Karoo Supergroup. Sphenosuchus and Elliot Formation are Jurassic South Africa.

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Eustachian tube

The Eustachian tube, also called the auditory tube or pharyngotympanic tube, is a tube that links the nasopharynx to the middle ear, of which it is also a part.

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Evolution

Evolution is the change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.

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Extinction

Extinction is the termination of a taxon by the death of its last member.

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Facial nerve

The facial nerve, also known as the seventh cranial nerve, cranial nerve VII, or simply CN VII, is a cranial nerve that emerges from the pons of the brainstem, controls the muscles of facial expression, and functions in the conveyance of taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.

See Sphenosuchus and Facial nerve

Facultative bipedalism

A facultative biped is an animal that is capable of walking or running on two legs (bipedal), as a response to exceptional circumstances (facultative), while normally walking or running on four limbs or more.

See Sphenosuchus and Facultative bipedalism

Fossa (anatomy)

In anatomy, a fossa (fossae; from Latin fossa, "ditch" or "trench") is a depression or hollow usually in a bone, such as the hypophyseal fossa (the depression in the sphenoid bone).

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Friedrich von Huene

Friedrich von Huene born Friedrich Richard Freiherr von Hoyningen-Huene (22 March 1875 – 4 April 1969) was a German nobleman paleontologist who described a large number of dinosaurs, more than anyone else in 20th century Europe.

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Genus

Genus (genera) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses.

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Jugal bone

The jugal is a skull bone found in most reptiles, amphibians and birds.

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Late Triassic

The Late Triassic is the third and final epoch of the Triassic Period in the geologic time scale, spanning the time between Ma and Ma (million years ago).

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Mandible

In jawed vertebrates, the mandible (from the Latin mandibula, 'for chewing'), lower jaw, or jawbone is a bone that makes up the lowerand typically more mobilecomponent of the mouth (the upper jaw being known as the maxilla).

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Maxilla

In vertebrates, the maxilla (maxillae) is the upper fixed (not fixed in Neopterygii) bone of the jaw formed from the fusion of two maxillary bones.

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In human anatomy, the metacarpal bones or metacarpus, also known as the "palm bones", are the appendicular bones that form the intermediate part of the hand between the phalanges (fingers) and the carpal bones (wrist bones), which articulate with the forearm.

See Sphenosuchus and Metacarpal bones

The metatarsal bones or metatarsus (metatarsi) are a group of five long bones in the midfoot, located between the tarsal bones (which form the heel and the ankle) and the phalanges (toes).

See Sphenosuchus and Metatarsal bones

Nasal bone

The nasal bones are two small oblong bones, varying in size and form in different individuals; they are placed side by side at the middle and upper part of the face and by their junction, form the bridge of the upper one third of the nose.

See Sphenosuchus and Nasal bone

Neurocranium

In human anatomy, the neurocranium, also known as the braincase, brainpan, or brain-pan, is the upper and back part of the skull, which forms a protective case around the brain.

See Sphenosuchus and Neurocranium

New Mexico

New Mexico (Nuevo MéxicoIn Peninsular Spanish, a spelling variant, Méjico, is also used alongside México. According to the Diccionario panhispánico de dudas by Royal Spanish Academy and Association of Academies of the Spanish Language, the spelling version with J is correct; however, the spelling with X is recommended, as it is the one that is used in Mexican Spanish.; Yootó Hahoodzo) is a state in the Southwestern region of the United States.

See Sphenosuchus and New Mexico

Occam's razor

In philosophy, Occam's razor (also spelled Ockham's razor or Ocham's razor; novacula Occami) is the problem-solving principle that recommends searching for explanations constructed with the smallest possible set of elements.

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Orbit

In celestial mechanics, an orbit (also known as orbital revolution) is the curved trajectory of an object such as the trajectory of a planet around a star, or of a natural satellite around a planet, or of an artificial satellite around an object or position in space such as a planet, moon, asteroid, or Lagrange point.

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Parietal bone

The parietal bones are two bones in the skull which, when joined at a fibrous joint known as a cranial suture, form the sides and roof of the neurocranium.

See Sphenosuchus and Parietal bone

Petrified Forest National Park

Petrified Forest National Park is an American national park in Navajo and Apache counties in northeastern Arizona.

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Phylogenetics

In biology, phylogenetics is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms.

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Pneumatics

Pneumatics (from Greek πνεῦμα 'wind, breath') is a branch of engineering that makes use of gas or pressurized air.

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Pseudosuchia

Pseudosuchia (from ψεύδος (pseudos), "false" and σούχος (souchos), "crocodile") is one of two major divisions of Archosauria, including living crocodilians and all archosaurs more closely related to crocodilians than to birds.

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Pterygoid bone

The pterygoid is a paired bone forming part of the palate of many vertebrates, behind the palatine bones.

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Quadrate bone

The quadrate bone is a skull bone in most tetrapods, including amphibians, sauropsids (reptiles, birds), and early synapsids.

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Quadrupedalism

Quadrupedalism is a form of locomotion where animals have four legs are used to bear weight and move around.

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Radius

In classical geometry, a radius (radii or radiuses) of a circle or sphere is any of the line segments from its center to its perimeter, and in more modern usage, it is also their length.

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Scapula

The scapula (scapulae or scapulas), also known as the shoulder blade, is the bone that connects the humerus (upper arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone).

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Sister group

In phylogenetics, a sister group or sister taxon, also called an adelphotaxon, comprises the closest relative(s) of another given unit in an evolutionary tree.

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Skull

The skull is a bone protective cavity for the brain.

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Snout

A snout is the protruding portion of an animal's face, consisting of its nose, mouth, and jaw.

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South Africa

South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.

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Squamosal bone

The squamosal is a skull bone found in most reptiles, amphibians, and birds.

See Sphenosuchus and Squamosal bone

Temporal fossa

The temporal fossa is a fossa (shallow depression) on the side of the skull bounded by the temporal lines above, and the zygomatic arch below.

See Sphenosuchus and Temporal fossa

Tooth

A tooth (teeth) is a hard, calcified structure found in the jaws (or mouths) of many vertebrates and used to break down food.

See Sphenosuchus and Tooth

Type species

In zoological nomenclature, a type species (species typica) is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen (or specimens).

See Sphenosuchus and Type species

Ulna

The ulna or ulnar bone (ulnae or ulnas) is a long bone in the forearm stretching from the elbow to the wrist.

See Sphenosuchus and Ulna

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphenosuchus

Also known as Clarencea, Sphenosuchus acutus.

, Temporal fossa, Tooth, Type species, Ulna.

Sphenosuchus, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Early Jurassic crocodylomorphs

Fossil taxa described in 1924

Jurassic South Africa

Jurassic reptiles of Africa

References