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Stoic logic, the Glossary

Stoic logic is the system of propositional logic developed by the Stoic philosophers in ancient Greece.^[1]

61 relations: Ancient Greece, Antipater of Tarsus, Apuleius, Aristotle, Augustus De Morgan, Benson Mates, Boethius, Chrysippus, Cut rule, Diodorus Cronus, Diogenes Laertius, Discourses of Epictetus, Disjunctive syllogism, Double negation, Eduard Zeller, Epictetus, Epistemology, Eudemus of Rhodes, Exclusive or, Fatalism, Galen, George Boole, Grammar, Hellenistic period, Hellenistic philosophy, Hypothetical syllogism, Ian Mueller, Immanuel Kant, Jan Łukasiewicz, Karl von Prantl, Latin, Law of excluded middle, Law of noncontradiction, Liar paradox, Logical conjunction, Logical connective, Logical disjunction, Material conditional, Megarian school, Modal logic, Modus ponendo tollens, Modus ponens, Modus tollens, Neoplatonism, Peripatetic school, Peter Abelard, Philo the Dialectician, Philosophy of language, Plato, Proposition, ... Expand index (11 more) »
Ancient Greek logic
Classical logic
Propositional calculus
Stoicism
Theories in ancient Greek philosophy

Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece (Hellás) was a northeastern Mediterranean civilization, existing from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th–9th centuries BC to the end of classical antiquity, that comprised a loose collection of culturally and linguistically related city-states and other territories.

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Antipater of Tarsus

Antipater of Tarsus (Ἀντίπατρος ὁ Ταρσεύς; died 130/129 BC) was a Stoic philosopher.

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Apuleius

Apuleius (also called Lucius Apuleius Madaurensis; c. 124 – after 170) was a Numidian Latin-language prose writer, Platonist philosopher and rhetorician.

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Aristotle

Aristotle (Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs; 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath. Stoic logic and Aristotle are philosophical logic.

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Augustus De Morgan

Augustus De Morgan (27 June 1806 – 18 March 1871) was a British mathematician and logician.

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Benson Mates

Benson Mates (May 19, 1919 in Portland, Oregon – May 14, 2009 in Berkeley, California) was an American philosopher at the University of California, Berkeley, noted for his work in logic, the history of philosophy, and skepticism.

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Boethius

Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius, commonly known simply as Boethius (Latin: Boetius; 480–524 AD), was a Roman senator, consul, magister officiorum, polymath, historian, and philosopher of the Early Middle Ages.

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Chrysippus

Chrysippus of Soli (Χρύσιππος ὁ Σολεύς, Chrysippos ho Soleus) was a Greek Stoic philosopher.

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Cut rule

In mathematical logic, the cut rule is an inference rule of sequent calculus.

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Diodorus Cronus

Diodorus Cronus (Διόδωρος Κρόνος; died c. 284 BC) was a Greek philosopher and dialectician connected to the Megarian school.

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Diogenes Laertius

Diogenes Laërtius (Διογένης Λαέρτιος) was a biographer of the Greek philosophers.

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Discourses of Epictetus

The Discourses of Epictetus (Ἐπικτήτουδιατριβαί, Epiktētou diatribai) are a series of informal lectures by the Stoic philosopher Epictetus written down by his pupil Arrian around 108 AD. Stoic logic and Discourses of Epictetus are Stoicism.

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Disjunctive syllogism

In classical logic, disjunctive syllogism (historically known as modus tollendo ponens (MTP), Latin for "mode that affirms by denying") is a valid argument form which is a syllogism having a disjunctive statement for one of its premises. Stoic logic and disjunctive syllogism are classical logic.

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Double negation

In propositional logic, the double negation of a statement states that "it is not the case that the statement is not true". Stoic logic and double negation are classical logic.

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Eduard Zeller

Eduard Gottlob Zeller (22 January 1814, Kleinbottwar19 March 1908, Stuttgart) was a German philosopher and Protestant theologian of the Tübingen School of theology.

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Epictetus

Epictetus (Ἐπίκτητος, Epíktētos; 50 135 AD) was a Greek Stoic philosopher.

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Epistemology

Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with knowledge.

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Eudemus of Rhodes

Eudemus of Rhodes (Εὔδημος) was an ancient Greek philosopher, considered the first historian of science.

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Exclusive or

Exclusive or, exclusive disjunction, exclusive alternation, logical non-equivalence, or logical inequality is a logical operator whose negation is the logical biconditional.

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Fatalism

Fatalism is a family of related philosophical doctrines that stress the subjugation of all events or actions to fate or destiny, and is commonly associated with the consequent attitude of resignation in the face of future events which are thought to be inevitable.

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Galen

Aelius Galenus or Claudius Galenus (Κλαύδιος Γαληνός; September 129 – 216 AD), often anglicized as Galen or Galen of Pergamon, was a Roman and Greek physician, surgeon, and philosopher.

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George Boole

George Boole Jnr (2 November 1815 – 8 December 1864) was a largely self-taught English mathematician, philosopher, and logician, most of whose short career was spent as the first professor of mathematics at Queen's College, Cork in Ireland.

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Grammar

In linguistics, a grammar is the set of rules for how a natural language is structured, as demonstrated by its speakers or writers.

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Hellenistic period

In classical antiquity, the Hellenistic period covers the time in Mediterranean history after Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the death of Cleopatra in 30 BC, which was followed by the ascendancy of the Roman Empire, as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the Roman conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year, which eliminated the last major Hellenistic kingdom.

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Hellenistic philosophy

Hellenistic philosophy is Ancient Greek philosophy corresponding to the Hellenistic period in Ancient Greece, from the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC to the Battle of Actium in 31 BC.

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Hypothetical syllogism

In classical logic, a hypothetical syllogism is a valid argument form, a deductive syllogism with a conditional statement for one or both of its premises. Stoic logic and hypothetical syllogism are ancient Greek logic and classical logic.

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Ian Mueller

Ian Bisset Mueller (February 5, 1938 - August 6, 2010) was an American philosopher.

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Immanuel Kant

Immanuel Kant (born Emanuel Kant; 22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher and one of the central Enlightenment thinkers.

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Jan Łukasiewicz

Jan Łukasiewicz (21 December 1878 – 13 February 1956) was a Polish logician and philosopher who is best known for Polish notation and Łukasiewicz logic.

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Karl von Prantl

Karl von Prantl (aka Carl von Prantl) (28 January 1820 – 14 September 1888) (after 1872: Karl, Ritter von Prantl) was a German philosopher and philologist.

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Latin

Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.

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Law of excluded middle

In logic, the law of excluded middle or the principle of excluded middle states that for every proposition, either this proposition or its negation is true. Stoic logic and law of excluded middle are classical logic.

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Law of noncontradiction

In logic, the law of non-contradiction (LNC) (also known as the law of contradiction, principle of non-contradiction (PNC), or the principle of contradiction) states that contradictory propositions cannot both be true in the same sense at the same time, e. g. the two propositions "p is the case" and "p is not the case" are mutually exclusive. Stoic logic and law of noncontradiction are classical logic.

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Liar paradox

In philosophy and logic, the classical liar paradox or liar's paradox or antinomy of the liar is the statement of a liar that they are lying: for instance, declaring that "I am lying".

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Logical conjunction

In logic, mathematics and linguistics, and (\wedge) is the truth-functional operator of conjunction or logical conjunction.

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Logical connective

In logic, a logical connective (also called a logical operator, sentential connective, or sentential operator) is a logical constant.

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Logical disjunction

In logic, disjunction, also known as logical disjunction or logical or or logical addition or inclusive disjunction, is a logical connective typically notated as \lor and read aloud as "or".

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Material conditional

The material conditional (also known as material implication) is an operation commonly used in logic.

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Megarian school

The Megarian school of philosophy, which flourished in the 4th century BC, was founded by Euclides of Megara, one of the pupils of Socrates. Stoic logic and Megarian school are ancient Greek logic.

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Modal logic

Modal logic is a kind of logic used to represent statements about necessity and possibility. Stoic logic and Modal logic are philosophical logic.

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Modus ponendo tollens

Modus ponendo tollens (MPT; Latin: "mode that denies by affirming") is a valid rule of inference for propositional logic.

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Modus ponens

In propositional logic, modus ponens (MP), also known as modus ponendo ponens, implication elimination, or affirming the antecedent, is a deductive argument form and rule of inference. Stoic logic and modus ponens are classical logic.

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Modus tollens

In propositional logic, modus tollens (MT), also known as modus tollendo tollens (Latin for "method of removing by taking away") and denying the consequent, is a deductive argument form and a rule of inference. Stoic logic and modus tollens are classical logic.

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Neoplatonism

Neoplatonism is a version of Platonic philosophy that emerged in the 3rd century AD against the background of Hellenistic philosophy and religion.

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Peripatetic school

The Peripatetic school was a philosophical school founded in 335 BC by Aristotle in the Lyceum in Ancient Athens.

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Peter Abelard

Peter Abelard (Pierre Abélard; Petrus Abaelardus or Abailardus; – 21 April 1142) was a medieval French scholastic philosopher, leading logician, theologian, poet, composer and musician.

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Philo the Dialectician

Philo the Dialectician (Φίλων; fl. 300 BC) was a Greek philosopher of the Megarian (Dialectical) school.

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Philosophy of language

In analytic philosophy, philosophy of language investigates the nature of language and the relations between language, language users, and the world.

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Plato

Plato (Greek: Πλάτων), born Aristocles (Ἀριστοκλῆς; – 348 BC), was an ancient Greek philosopher of the Classical period who is considered a foundational thinker in Western philosophy and an innovator of the written dialogue and dialectic forms.

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Proposition

A proposition is a central concept in the philosophy of language, semantics, logic, and related fields, often characterized as the primary bearer of truth or falsity. Stoic logic and proposition are propositional calculus.

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Propositional calculus

The propositional calculus is a branch of logic. Stoic logic and propositional calculus are classical logic.

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Rhetoric

Rhetoric is the art of persuasion. Stoic logic and Rhetoric are philosophical logic.

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Sextus Empiricus

Sextus Empiricus (Σέξτος Ἐμπειρικός) was a Greek Pyrrhonist philosopher and Empiric school physician with Roman citizenship.

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Socrates

Socrates (– 399 BC) was a Greek philosopher from Athens who is credited as the founder of Western philosophy and as among the first moral philosophers of the ethical tradition of thought.

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Sorites paradox

The sorites paradox (sometimes known as the paradox of the heap) is a paradox that results from vague predicates.

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Stoicism

Stoicism is a school of Hellenistic philosophy that flourished in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.

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Syllogism

A syllogism (συλλογισμός, syllogismos, 'conclusion, inference') is a kind of logical argument that applies deductive reasoning to arrive at a conclusion based on two propositions that are asserted or assumed to be true. Stoic logic and syllogism are ancient Greek logic.

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Term logic

In logic and formal semantics, term logic, also known as traditional logic, syllogistic logic or Aristotelian logic, is a loose name for an approach to formal logic that began with Aristotle and was developed further in ancient history mostly by his followers, the Peripatetics. Stoic logic and term logic are philosophical logic.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoic_logic

, Propositional calculus, Rhetoric, Sextus Empiricus, Socrates, Sorites paradox, Stoicism, Syllogism, Term logic, Theophrastus, Truth-bearer, Zeno of Citium.

Stoic logic, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Ancient Greek logic

Classical logic

Propositional calculus

Stoicism

Theories in ancient Greek philosophy

References