String (physics), the Glossary

Table of Contents

1. 32 relations: Bosonic string theory, Brane, Circle, Condensed matter physics, Cosmic string, D-brane, Elementary particle, Flux tube, Gluon, Graviton, Harmonic oscillator, M-theory, Nuclear physics, Photon, Physics, Planck units, Pure mathematics, Quantum gravity, Quantum mechanics, Spacetime, Standard Model, String theory, Superstring theory, Supersymmetry, Surface (topology), Tachyon, Tachyon condensation, Topological conjugacy, Two-dimensional conformal field theory, Type I string theory, Worldsheet, Zero-dimensional space.

Bosonic string theory

Bosonic string theory is the original version of string theory, developed in the late 1960s and named after Satyendra Nath Bose. String (physics) and Bosonic string theory are string theory.

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Brane

In string theory and related theories (such as supergravity theories), a brane is a physical object that generalizes the notion of a zero-dimensional point particle, a one-dimensional string, or a two-dimensional membrane to higher-dimensional objects. String (physics) and brane are string theory.

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Circle

A circle is a shape consisting of all points in a plane that are at a given distance from a given point, the centre.

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Condensed matter physics

Condensed matter physics is the field of physics that deals with the macroscopic and microscopic physical properties of matter, especially the solid and liquid phases, that arise from electromagnetic forces between atoms and electrons.

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Cosmic string

Cosmic strings are hypothetical 1-dimensional topological defects which may have formed during a symmetry-breaking phase transition in the early universe when the topology of the vacuum manifold associated to this symmetry breaking was not simply connected.

See String (physics) and Cosmic string

D-brane

In string theory, D-branes, short for Dirichlet membrane, are a class of extended objects upon which open strings can end with Dirichlet boundary conditions, after which they are named. String (physics) and d-brane are string theory.

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Elementary particle

In particle physics, an elementary particle or fundamental particle is a subatomic particle that is not composed of other particles.

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Flux tube

A flux tube is a generally tube-like (cylindrical) region of space containing a magnetic field, B, such that the cylindrical sides of the tube are everywhere parallel to the magnetic field lines.

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Gluon

A gluon is a type of massless elementary particle that mediates the strong interaction between quarks, acting as the exchange particle for the interaction.

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Graviton

In theories of quantum gravity, the graviton is the hypothetical quantum of gravity, an elementary particle that mediates the force of gravitational interaction. String (physics) and graviton are string theory.

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Harmonic oscillator

In classical mechanics, a harmonic oscillator is a system that, when displaced from its equilibrium position, experiences a restoring force F proportional to the displacement x: \vec F.

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M-theory

M-theory is a theory in physics that unifies all consistent versions of superstring theory. String (physics) and m-theory are string theory.

See String (physics) and M-theory

Nuclear physics

Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter.

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Photon

A photon is an elementary particle that is a quantum of the electromagnetic field, including electromagnetic radiation such as light and radio waves, and the force carrier for the electromagnetic force.

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Physics

Physics is the natural science of matter, involving the study of matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force.

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Planck units

In particle physics and physical cosmology, Planck units are a system of units of measurement defined exclusively in terms of four universal physical constants: c, G, ħ, and ''k''B (described further below).

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Pure mathematics

Pure mathematics is the study of mathematical concepts independently of any application outside mathematics.

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Quantum gravity

Quantum gravity (QG) is a field of theoretical physics that seeks to describe gravity according to the principles of quantum mechanics.

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Quantum mechanics

Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory that describes the behavior of nature at and below the scale of atoms.

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Spacetime

In physics, spacetime, also called the space-time continuum, is a mathematical model that fuses the three dimensions of space and the one dimension of time into a single four-dimensional continuum.

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Standard Model

The Standard Model of particle physics is the theory describing three of the four known fundamental forces (electromagnetic, weak and strong interactions – excluding gravity) in the universe and classifying all known elementary particles.

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String theory

In physics, string theory is a theoretical framework in which the point-like particles of particle physics are replaced by one-dimensional objects called strings.

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Superstring theory

Superstring theory is an attempt to explain all of the particles and fundamental forces of nature in one theory by modeling them as vibrations of tiny supersymmetric strings. String (physics) and Superstring theory are string theory.

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Supersymmetry

Supersymmetry is a theoretical framework in physics that suggests the existence of a symmetry between particles with integer spin (bosons) and particles with half-integer spin (fermions).

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Surface (topology)

In the part of mathematics referred to as topology, a surface is a two-dimensional manifold.

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Tachyon

A tachyon or tachyonic particle is a hypothetical particle that always travels faster than light. String (physics) and tachyon are string theory.

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Tachyon condensation

Tachyon condensation is a process in particle physics in which a system can lower its potential energy by spontaneously producing particles. String (physics) and Tachyon condensation are string theory.

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Topological conjugacy

In mathematics, two functions are said to be topologically conjugate if there exists a homeomorphism that will conjugate the one into the other.

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Two-dimensional conformal field theory

A two-dimensional conformal field theory is a quantum field theory on a Euclidean two-dimensional space, that is invariant under local conformal transformations.

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Type I string theory

In theoretical physics, type I string theory is one of five consistent supersymmetric string theories in ten dimensions. String (physics) and type I string theory are string theory.

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Worldsheet

In string theory, a worldsheet is a two-dimensional manifold which describes the embedding of a string in spacetime. String (physics) and worldsheet are string theory.

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Zero-dimensional space

In mathematics, a zero-dimensional topological space (or nildimensional space) is a topological space that has dimension zero with respect to one of several inequivalent notions of assigning a dimension to a given topological space.

See String (physics) and Zero-dimensional space

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_(physics)

Also known as Closed string, Open string (physics), Oriented string, Quantum string, Unoriented string.