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Swing Riots, the Glossary

The Swing Riots were a widespread uprising in 1830 by agricultural workers in southern and eastern England in protest of agricultural mechanisation and harsh working conditions.^[1]

75 relations: Agricultural machinery, Arson, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, Barbara Hammond, Baring family, Belgian Revolution, Berkshire, British Agricultural Revolution, Capital punishment, Captain Swing, Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, Charles X of France, East Anglia, Elham Valley, Ely and Littleport riots of 1816, Enclosure, English Poor Laws, Eric Hobsbawm, France, G. E. Mingay, George Rudé, Gin gang, Guildhall, London, Hampshire, Hansard, Hay, Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Carnarvon, Hiring and mop fairs, History of Kent, Home counties, House of Commons, Inclosure Acts, J. D. Chambers, J. F. C. Harrison, John Lawrence Hammond, July Revolution, Kent, Lower Hardres, Luddite, Magistrate, Middlesex, Midlands, Napoleonic era, Parson, Peasant, Penal transportation, Political Register, Poor Law Amendment Act 1834, Poor relief, Poor Relief Act 1662, ... Expand index (25 more) »
1830 in England
1830 riots
English Poor Laws
History of agriculture in England
Riots and civil disorder in England

Agricultural machinery

Agricultural machinery relates to the mechanical structures and devices used in farming or other agriculture.

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Arson

Arson is the act of willfully and deliberately setting fire to or charring property.

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Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington

Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, (1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852) was an Anglo-Irish military officer and statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures in Britain during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, serving twice as British prime minister.

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Barbara Hammond

Lucy Barbara Hammond (née Bradby, 1873–1961) was an English social historian who researched and wrote many influential books with her husband, John Lawrence Hammond, including the Labourer trilogy about the impact of enclosure and the Industrial Revolution upon the lives of workers.

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Baring family

The Baring family is a German and British family of merchants and bankers.

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Belgian Revolution

The Belgian Revolution was the conflict which led to the secession of the southern provinces (mainly the former Southern Netherlands) from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and the establishment of an independent Kingdom of Belgium.

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Berkshire

The Royal County of Berkshire, commonly known as simply Berkshire (abbreviated Berks.), is a ceremonial county in South East England.

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British Agricultural Revolution

The British Agricultural Revolution, or Second Agricultural Revolution, was an unprecedented increase in agricultural production in Britain arising from increases in labor and land productivity between the mid-17th and late 19th centuries.

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Capital punishment

Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty and formerly called judicial homicide, is the state-sanctioned killing of a person as punishment for actual or supposed misconduct.

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Captain Swing

"Captain Swing" was a name that was appended to several threatening letters during the rural Swing Riots of 1830, when labourers rioted over the introduction of new threshing machines and the loss of their livelihoods. Swing Riots and Captain Swing are 1830 in England and riots and civil disorder in England.

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Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey

Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey (13 March 1764 – 17 July 1845), known as Viscount Howick between 1806 and 1807, was a British Whig politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1830 to 1834.

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Charles X of France

Charles X (Charles Philippe; 9 October 1757 – 6 November 1836) was King of France from 16 September 1824 until 2 August 1830.

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East Anglia

East Anglia is an area in the East of England.

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Elham Valley

The Elham Valley is a chalk valley carved by the River Nailbourne situated in the North Downs in East Kent.

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Ely and Littleport riots of 1816

The Ely and Littleport riots of 1816, also known as the Ely riots or Littleport riots, occurred between 22 and 24 May 1816 in the Isle of Ely (now in Cambridgeshire).

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Enclosure

Enclosure or inclosure is a term, used in English landownership, that refers to the appropriation of "waste" or "common land" enclosing it and by doing so depriving commoners of their rights of access and privilege.

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English Poor Laws

The English Poor Laws were a system of poor relief in England and Wales that developed out of the codification of late-medieval and Tudor-era laws in 1587–1598.

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Eric Hobsbawm

Eric John Ernest Hobsbawm (9 June 1917 – 1 October 2012) was a British historian of the rise of industrial capitalism, socialism and nationalism.

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France

France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe.

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G. E. Mingay

Gordon Edmund Mingay (1923 – 3 January 2006) was a British historian.

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George Rudé

George Rudé (8 February 1910 – 8 January 1993) was a British Marxist historian, specializing in the French Revolution and "history from below", especially the importance of crowds in history.

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Gin gang

A gin gang, wheelhouse, roundhouse or horse-engine house is a structure built to enclose a horse engine, usually circular but sometimes square or octagonal, attached to a threshing barn.

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Guildhall, London

Guildhall is a municipal building in the Moorgate area of the City of London, England.

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Hampshire

Hampshire (abbreviated to Hants.) is a ceremonial county in South East England.

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Hansard

Hansard is the transcripts of parliamentary debates in Britain and many Commonwealth countries.

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Hay

Hay is grass, legumes, or other herbaceous plants that have been cut and dried to be stored for use as animal fodder, either for large grazing animals raised as livestock, such as cattle, horses, goats, and sheep, or for smaller domesticated animals such as rabbits and guinea pigs.

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Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Carnarvon

Colonel Henry George Herbert, 2nd Earl of Carnarvon DL, FSA (3 June 1772 – 16 April 1833), styled The Honourable Henry Herbert from 1780 to 1793 and Lord Porchester from 1793 to 1811, was a British peer, nobleman, and Whig politician.

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Hiring and mop fairs

Hiring fairs, also called statute or mop fairs, were regular events in pre-modern Great Britain and Ireland where labourers were hired for fixed terms.

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History of Kent

Kent is a traditional county in South East England with long-established human occupation.

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Home counties

The home counties are the counties of England that surround London.

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House of Commons

The House of Commons is the name for the elected lower house of the bicameral parliaments of the United Kingdom and Canada.

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Inclosure Acts

The Inclosure Acts created legal property rights to land previously held in common in England and Wales, particularly open fields and common land. Swing Riots and Inclosure Acts are history of agriculture in England.

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J. D. Chambers

Jonathan David Chambers (13 October 1898 – 11 April 1970) was a British historian.

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J. F. C. Harrison

John Fletcher Clews Harrison (28 February 1921 – 8 January 2018), usually cited as J. F. C. Harrison, was a British academic who was Professor of History at the University of Sussex and author of books on history, particularly relating to Victorian Britain.

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John Lawrence Hammond

John Lawrence Le Breton Hammond (18 July 1872 – 7 April 1949) was a British journalist and writer on social history and politics.

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July Revolution

The French Revolution of 1830, also known as the July Revolution (révolution de Juillet), Second French Revolution, or Trois Glorieuses ("Three Glorious "), was a second French Revolution after the first in 1789.

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Kent

Kent is a county in the South East England region, the closest county to continental Europe.

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Lower Hardres

Lower Hardres is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Lower Hardres and Nackington, in the City of Canterbury district of Kent, England.

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Luddite

The Luddites were members of a 19th-century movement of English textile workers who opposed the use of certain types of automated machinery due to concerns regarding decreased pay for textile workers and a perceived reduction of output quality, and often destroyed the machines in organised raids.

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Magistrate

The term magistrate is used in a variety of systems of governments and laws to refer to a civilian officer who administers the law.

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Middlesex

Middlesex (abbreviation: Middx) is a historic county in southeast England.

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Midlands

The Midlands is the central part of England, bordered by Wales, Northern England, Southern England and the North Sea.

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Napoleonic era

The Napoleonic era is a period in the history of France and Europe.

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Parson

A parson is an ordained Christian person responsible for a small area, typically a parish.

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Peasant

A peasant is a pre-industrial agricultural laborer or a farmer with limited land-ownership, especially one living in the Middle Ages under feudalism and paying rent, tax, fees, or services to a landlord. In Europe, three classes of peasants existed: non-free slaves, semi-free serfs, and free tenants.

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Penal transportation

Penal transportation was the relocation of convicted criminals, or other persons regarded as undesirable, to a distant place, often a colony, for a specified term; later, specifically established penal colonies became their destination.

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Political Register

The Cobbett's Weekly Political Register, commonly known as the Political Register, was a weekly London-based newspaper founded by William Cobbett in 1802.

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Poor Law Amendment Act 1834

The Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 (PLAA) known widely as the New Poor Law, was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed by the Whig government of Earl Grey denying the right of the poor to subsistence. Swing Riots and poor Law Amendment Act 1834 are English Poor Laws.

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Poor relief

In English and British history, poor relief refers to government and ecclesiastical action to relieve poverty.

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Poor Relief Act 1662

The Poor Relief Act 1662 (14 Cha. 2. c. 12) was an Act of the Cavalier Parliament of England. Swing Riots and Poor Relief Act 1662 are English Poor Laws.

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Rebecca Riots

The Rebecca Riots (Welsh: Terfysgoedd Beca) took place between 1839 and 1843 in West and Mid Wales.

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Reform Act 1832

The Representation of the People Act 1832 (also known as the Reform Act 1832, Great Reform Act or First Reform Act) was an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom (indexed as 2 & 3 Will. 4. c. 45) that introduced major changes to the electoral system of England and Wales.

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Seditious libel

Seditious libel is a criminal offence under common law of printing written material with seditious purposethat is, the purpose of bringing contempt upon a political authority.

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Smallholding

A smallholding or smallholder is a small farm operating under a small-scale agriculture model.

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Southern England

Southern England, also known as the South of England or the South, is a sub-national part of England with cultural, economic and political differences from both the Midlands and the North.

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Speenhamland system

The Speenhamland system was a form of outdoor relief intended to mitigate rural poverty in England and Wales at the end of the 18th century and during the early 19th century. Swing Riots and Speenhamland system are English Poor Laws.

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Surrey

Surrey is a ceremonial county in South East England and one of the home counties.

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Tenant farmer

A tenant farmer is a person (farmer or farmworker) who resides on land owned by a landlord.

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The History Press

The History Press is a British publishing company specialising in the publication of titles devoted to local and specialist history.

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The Times

The Times is a British daily national newspaper based in London.

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Threshing machine

A threshing machine or a thresher is a piece of farm equipment that separates grain seed from the stalks and husks.

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Tithe

A tithe (from Old English: teogoþa "tenth") is a one-tenth part of something, paid as a contribution to a religious organization or compulsory tax to government.

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Tithe Act 1836

The Tithe Act 1836 (6 & 7 Will. 4. c. 71), sometimes called the Tithe Commutation Act 1836, is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Tithe barns in Europe

A tithe barn was a type of barn used in much of northern Europe in the Middle Ages for storing rents and tithes.

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Tithe commutation

Tithe commutation was a 19th-century reform of land tenure in Great Britain and Ireland, which implemented an exchange of the payment of a tithe to the clergy of the established church, which were traditionally paid in kind, to a system based in an annual cash payment, or once-for-all payment.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swing_Riots

Also known as Agricultural Labourers' Revolt of 1830, Last Labourers' Revolt of 1830, Swing Riot, Swing protest.

, Rebecca Riots, Reform Act 1832, Seditious libel, Smallholding, Southern England, Speenhamland system, Surrey, Tenant farmer, The History Press, The Times, Threshing machine, Tithe, Tithe Act 1836, Tithe barns in Europe, Tithe commutation, Tolpuddle Martyrs, Tories (British political party), Unearned income, Whigs (British political party), William Cobbett, William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, William Winterbourne, Wiltshire, Witness summons, Workhouse.

Swing Riots, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

1830 in England

1830 riots

English Poor Laws

History of agriculture in England

Riots and civil disorder in England

References