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Tamil phonology, the Glossary

Index Tamil phonology

Tamil phonology is characterised by the presence of "true-subapical" retroflex consonants and multiple rhotic consonants.[1]

Table of Contents

  1. 63 relations: Affricate, Alveolar consonant, Alveolo-palatal consonant, Approximant, Aspirated consonant, Back vowel, Badaga language, Brahmic scripts, Central vowel, Close vowel, Consonant, Coronal consonant, Dental consonant, Diphthong, Dravidian languages, Elision, Epenthesis, Fricative, Front vowel, Gemination, Glottal consonant, Gondi language, International Phonetic Alphabet, IPA consonant chart with audio, IPA vowel chart with audio, Kannada, Kanyakumari, Kongu Tamil, Labial consonant, Lateral consonant, Liaison (French), Loanword, Malayalam, Mid vowel, Monophthong, Nasal consonant, Nuqta, Ogg, Old Tamil, Open vowel, Phoneme, Plosive, Retroflex consonant, Rhotic consonant, Sanskrit, South Dravidian languages, Sri Lankan Tamils, Subapical consonant, Tap and flap consonants, Telugu (Unicode block), ... Expand index (13 more) »

  2. Phonologies by language
  3. Tamil language

Affricate

An affricate is a consonant that begins as a stop and releases as a fricative, generally with the same place of articulation (most often coronal).

See Tamil phonology and Affricate

Alveolar consonant

Alveolar (UK also) consonants are articulated with the tongue against or close to the superior alveolar ridge, which is called that because it contains the alveoli (the sockets) of the upper teeth.

See Tamil phonology and Alveolar consonant

Alveolo-palatal consonant

In phonetics, alveolo-palatal (alveolopalatal, alveo-palatal or alveopalatal) consonants, sometimes synonymous with pre-palatal consonants, are intermediate in articulation between the coronal and dorsal consonants, or which have simultaneous alveolar and palatal articulation.

See Tamil phonology and Alveolo-palatal consonant

Approximant

Approximants are speech sounds that involve the articulators approaching each other but not narrowly enough nor with enough articulatory precision to create turbulent airflow.

See Tamil phonology and Approximant

Aspirated consonant

In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents.

See Tamil phonology and Aspirated consonant

Back vowel

A back vowel is any in a class of vowel sound used in spoken languages.

See Tamil phonology and Back vowel

Badaga language

Badaga is a southern Dravidian language spoken by the Badaga people of the Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu.

See Tamil phonology and Badaga language

Brahmic scripts

The Brahmic scripts, also known as Indic scripts, are a family of abugida writing systems.

See Tamil phonology and Brahmic scripts

Central vowel

A central vowel, formerly also known as a mixed vowel, is any in a class of vowel sound used in some spoken languages.

See Tamil phonology and Central vowel

Close vowel

A close vowel, also known as a high vowel (in U.S. terminology), is any in a class of vowel sounds used in many spoken languages.

See Tamil phonology and Close vowel

Consonant

In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract, except for the h, which is pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract.

See Tamil phonology and Consonant

Coronal consonant

Coronals, denominated point-and-blade consonants prior, are consonants articulated with the flexible front part of the tongue.

See Tamil phonology and Coronal consonant

Dental consonant

A dental consonant is a consonant articulated with the tongue against the upper teeth, such as,. In some languages, dentals are distinguished from other groups, such as alveolar consonants, in which the tongue contacts the gum ridge.

See Tamil phonology and Dental consonant

Diphthong

A diphthong, also known as a gliding vowel or a vowel glide, is a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable.

See Tamil phonology and Diphthong

Dravidian languages

The Dravidian languages (sometimes called Dravidic) are a family of languages spoken by 250 million people, mainly in southern India, north-east Sri Lanka, and south-west Pakistan, with pockets elsewhere in South Asia.

See Tamil phonology and Dravidian languages

Elision

In linguistics, an elision or deletion is the omission of one or more sounds (such as a vowel, a consonant, or a whole syllable) in a word or phrase.

See Tamil phonology and Elision

Epenthesis

In phonology, epenthesis (Greek) means the addition of one or more sounds to a word, especially in the beginning syllable (prothesis) or in the ending syllable (paragoge) or in-between two syllabic sounds in a word.

See Tamil phonology and Epenthesis

Fricative

A fricative is a consonant produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together.

See Tamil phonology and Fricative

Front vowel

A front vowel is a class of vowel sounds used in some spoken languages, its defining characteristic being that the highest point of the tongue is positioned as far forward as possible in the mouth without creating a constriction that would otherwise make it a consonant.

See Tamil phonology and Front vowel

Gemination

In phonetics and phonology, gemination (from Latin 'doubling', itself from gemini 'twins'), or consonant lengthening, is an articulation of a consonant for a longer period of time than that of a singleton consonant.

See Tamil phonology and Gemination

Glottal consonant

Glottal consonants are consonants using the glottis as their primary articulation.

See Tamil phonology and Glottal consonant

Gondi language

Gondi, natively known as Koitur (Kōī, Kōītōr), is a South-Central Dravidian language, spoken by about three million Gondi people, chiefly in the Indian states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and by small minorities in neighbouring states.

See Tamil phonology and Gondi language

International Phonetic Alphabet

The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin script.

See Tamil phonology and International Phonetic Alphabet

IPA consonant chart with audio

The International Phonetic Alphabet, or IPA, is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet.

See Tamil phonology and IPA consonant chart with audio

IPA vowel chart with audio

This chart provides audio examples for phonetic vowel symbols.

See Tamil phonology and IPA vowel chart with audio

Kannada

Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ), formerly also known as Canarese, is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by the people of Karnataka in southwestern India, with minorities in all neighbouring states.

See Tamil phonology and Kannada

Kanyakumari

Kanyakumari (referring to Devi Kanya Kumari, officially known as Kanniyakumari, formerly known as Cape Comorin) is a city in Kanyakumari district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India.

See Tamil phonology and Kanyakumari

Kongu Tamil

Kongu Tamil or Kovai Tamil is the dialect of Tamil language that is spoken by the people in Kongu Nadu, which is the western region of Tamil Nadu.

See Tamil phonology and Kongu Tamil

Labial consonant

Labial consonants are consonants in which one or both lips are the active articulator.

See Tamil phonology and Labial consonant

Lateral consonant

A lateral is a consonant in which the airstream proceeds along one or both of the sides of the tongue, but it is blocked by the tongue from going through the middle of the mouth.

See Tamil phonology and Lateral consonant

Liaison (French)

In French, liaison is the pronunciation of a linking consonant between two words in an appropriate phonetic and syntactic context.

See Tamil phonology and Liaison (French)

Loanword

A loanword (also a loan word, loan-word) is a word at least partly assimilated from one language (the donor language) into another language (the recipient or target language), through the process of borrowing.

See Tamil phonology and Loanword

Malayalam

Malayalam is a Dravidian language spoken in the Indian state of Kerala and the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry (Mahé district) by the Malayali people.

See Tamil phonology and Malayalam

Mid vowel

A mid vowel (or a true-mid vowel) is any in a class of vowel sounds used in some spoken languages.

See Tamil phonology and Mid vowel

Monophthong

A monophthong is a pure vowel sound, one whose articulation at only beginning and end is relatively fixed, and which does not glide up or down towards a new position of articulation.

See Tamil phonology and Monophthong

Nasal consonant

In phonetics, a nasal, also called a nasal occlusive or nasal stop in contrast with an oral stop or nasalized consonant, is an occlusive consonant produced with a lowered velum, allowing air to escape freely through the nose.

See Tamil phonology and Nasal consonant

Nuqta

The nuqta (नुक़्ता, نقطہ|nuqtā; sometimes also spelled nukta), is a diacritic mark that was introduced in Devanagari and some other Indic scripts to represent sounds not present in the original scripts.

See Tamil phonology and Nuqta

Ogg

Ogg is a free, open container format maintained by the Xiph.Org Foundation.

See Tamil phonology and Ogg

Old Tamil

Old Tamil is the period of the Tamil language spanning from 300 BCE to 700 CE. Tamil phonology and Old Tamil are Tamil language.

See Tamil phonology and Old Tamil

Open vowel

An open vowel is a vowel sound in which the tongue is positioned as far as possible from the roof of the mouth.

See Tamil phonology and Open vowel

Phoneme

In linguistics and specifically phonology, a phoneme is any set of similar phones (speech sounds) that is perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single distinct unit, a single basic sound, which helps distinguish one word from another.

See Tamil phonology and Phoneme

Plosive

In phonetics, a plosive, also known as an occlusive or simply a stop, is a pulmonic consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases.

See Tamil phonology and Plosive

Retroflex consonant

A retroflex, apico-domal, or cacuminal consonant is a coronal consonant where the tongue has a flat, concave, or even curled shape, and is articulated between the alveolar ridge and the hard palate.

See Tamil phonology and Retroflex consonant

Rhotic consonant

In phonetics, rhotic consonants, or "R-like" sounds, are liquid consonants that are traditionally represented orthographically by symbols derived from the Greek letter rho, including r in the Latin script and p in the Cyrillic script.

See Tamil phonology and Rhotic consonant

Sanskrit

Sanskrit (attributively संस्कृत-,; nominally संस्कृतम्) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages.

See Tamil phonology and Sanskrit

South Dravidian languages

South Dravidian (also called "South Dravidian I") is one of the four major branches of the Dravidian languages family.

See Tamil phonology and South Dravidian languages

Sri Lankan Tamils

Sri Lankan Tamils, also known as Ceylon Tamils or Eelam Tamils, are Tamils native to the South Asian island state of Sri Lanka.

See Tamil phonology and Sri Lankan Tamils

Subapical consonant

A subapical consonant is a consonant made by contact with the underside of the tip of the tongue.

See Tamil phonology and Subapical consonant

Tap and flap consonants

In phonetics, a flap or tap is a type of consonantal sound, which is produced with a single contraction of the muscles so that one articulator (such as the tongue) is thrown against another.

See Tamil phonology and Tap and flap consonants

Telugu (Unicode block)

Telugu is a Unicode block containing characters for the Telugu, Gondi, and Lambadi languages of Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.

See Tamil phonology and Telugu (Unicode block)

Telugu language

Telugu (తెలుగు|) is a Dravidian language native to the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, where it is also the official language.

See Tamil phonology and Telugu language

Tolkāppiyam

Tolkāppiyam, also romanised as Tholkaappiyam (தொல்காப்பியம், lit. "ancient poem"), is the most ancient extant Tamil grammar text and the oldest extant long work of Tamil literature.

See Tamil phonology and Tolkāppiyam

Trill consonant

In phonetics, a trill is a consonantal sound produced by vibrations between the active articulator and passive articulator.

See Tamil phonology and Trill consonant

Umlaut (linguistics)

In linguistics, umlaut (from German "sound alternation") is a sound change in which a vowel is pronounced more like a following vowel or semivowel.

See Tamil phonology and Umlaut (linguistics)

Unicode

Unicode, formally The Unicode Standard, is a text encoding standard maintained by the Unicode Consortium designed to support the use of text in all of the world's writing systems that can be digitized.

See Tamil phonology and Unicode

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is an international document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly that enshrines the rights and freedoms of all human beings.

See Tamil phonology and Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Velar consonant

Velars are consonants articulated with the back part of the tongue (the dorsum) against the soft palate, the back part of the roof of the mouth (also known as the "velum").

See Tamil phonology and Velar consonant

Visarga

Visarga (translit-std), in Sanskrit phonology (śikṣā), is the name of the voiceless glottal fricative,, written as 'ः'.

See Tamil phonology and Visarga

Voice (phonetics)

Voice or voicing is a term used in phonetics and phonology to characterize speech sounds (usually consonants).

See Tamil phonology and Voice (phonetics)

Voiced dental and alveolar taps and flaps

The voiced alveolar tap or flap is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages.

See Tamil phonology and Voiced dental and alveolar taps and flaps

Voiced palatal approximant

The voiced palatal approximant is a type of consonant used in many spoken languages.

See Tamil phonology and Voiced palatal approximant

Voiced retroflex approximant

The voiced retroflex approximant is a type of consonant used in some languages.

See Tamil phonology and Voiced retroflex approximant

Voiced retroflex lateral approximant

The voiced retroflex lateral approximant is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages.

See Tamil phonology and Voiced retroflex lateral approximant

See also

Phonologies by language

Tamil language

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_phonology

, Telugu language, Tolkāppiyam, Trill consonant, Umlaut (linguistics), Unicode, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Velar consonant, Visarga, Voice (phonetics), Voiced dental and alveolar taps and flaps, Voiced palatal approximant, Voiced retroflex approximant, Voiced retroflex lateral approximant.