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Tennessee v. Garner, the Glossary

Tennessee v. Garner, 471 U.S. 1 (1985), is a civil case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that, under the Fourth Amendment, when a law enforcement officer is pursuing a fleeing suspect, the officer may not use deadly force to prevent escape unless "the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a significant threat of death or serious physical injury to the officer or others." It was found that the use of deadly force to prevent escape is an unreasonable seizure under the Fourth Amendment, in the absence of probable cause that the fleeing suspect posed a physical danger.^[1]

Byron White

Byron Raymond "Whizzer" White (June 8, 1917 – April 15, 2002) was an American lawyer, jurist, and professional football player who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1962 until 1993.

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Certiorari

In law, certiorari is a court process to seek judicial review of a decision of a lower court or government agency.

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Common law

Common law (also known as judicial precedent, judge-made law, or case law) is the body of law created by judges and similar quasi-judicial tribunals by virtue of being stated in written opinions.

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Federal Reporter

The Federal Reporter is a case law reporter in the United States that is published by West Publishing and a part of the National Reporter System.

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Felony

A felony is traditionally considered a crime of high seriousness, whereas a misdemeanor is regarded as less serious.

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Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution

The Fourth Amendment (Amendment IV) to the United States Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights. Tennessee v. Garner and Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution are United States Fourth Amendment case law.

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Graham v. Connor

Graham v. Connor, 490 U.S. 386 (1989), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court determined that an objective reasonableness standard should apply to a civilian's claim that law enforcement officials used excessive force in the course of making an arrest, investigatory stop, or other "seizure" of his or her person. Tennessee v. Garner and Graham v. Connor are law enforcement use of force.

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Guyora Binder

Guyora Binder (born 7 November 1956) is a legal scholar and writer.

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John Kaplan (law professor)

John Kaplan (1929November 25, 1989) was an American legal scholar, social scientist, social justice advocate, popular law professor, and author.

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Ku Klux Klan Act

The Enforcement Act of 1871, also known as the Ku Klux Klan Act, Third Enforcement Act, Third Ku Klux Klan Act, Civil Rights Act of 1871, or Force Act of 1871, is an Act of the United States Congress that was intended to combat the paramilitary vigilantism of the Ku Klux Klan.

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Lawsuit

A lawsuit is a proceeding by one or more parties (the plaintiff or claimant) against one or more parties (the defendant) in a civil court of law.

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Lawyers' Edition

The United States Supreme Court Reports, Lawyers' Edition, or Lawyers' Edition (L. Ed. and L. Ed. 2d in case citations), is an unofficial reporter of Supreme Court of the United States opinions.

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LexisNexis

LexisNexis is an American data analytics company headquartered in New York, New York.

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List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 471

This is a list of all the United States Supreme Court cases from volume 471 of the United States Reports. Tennessee v. Garner and list of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 471 are 1985 in United States case law.

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Memphis Police Department

The Memphis Police Department is a law enforcement agency in Tennessee in the United States.

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Memphis, Tennessee

Memphis is a city in the U.S. state of Tennessee.

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Misdemeanor

A misdemeanor (American English, spelled misdemeanour elsewhere) is any "lesser" criminal act in some common law legal systems.

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Police use of deadly force in the United States

In the United States, use of deadly force by police has been a high-profile and contentious issue.

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Probable cause

In United States criminal law, probable cause is the legal standard by which police authorities have reason to obtain a warrant for the arrest of a suspected criminal and for a court's issuing of a search warrant.

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Robert Weisberg

Robert I. Weisberg is an American lawyer.

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Sandra Day O'Connor

Sandra Day O'Connor (March 26, 1930 – December 1, 2023) was an American attorney, politician, and jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1981 to 2006.

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Supreme Court of the United States

The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States.

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Tennessee

Tennessee, officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked state in the Southeastern region of the United States.

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Tennessee General Assembly

The Tennessee General Assembly (TNGA) is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Tennessee.

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Totality of the circumstances

In the law, the totality of the circumstances test refers to a method of analysis where decisions are based on all available information rather than bright-line rules.

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United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit

The United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit (in case citations, 6th Cir.) is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts.

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United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee

The United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee (in case citations, W.D. Tenn.) is the federal district court covering the western part of the state of Tennessee.

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Use of force continuum

A use of force continuum is a standard that provides law enforcement officers and civilians with guidelines as to how much force may be used against a resisting subject in a given situation. Tennessee v. Garner and use of force continuum are law enforcement use of force.

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Wolters Kluwer

Wolters Kluwer N.V. is a Dutch information services company.

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2016 term per curiam opinions of the Supreme Court of the United States

The Supreme Court of the United States handed down nine per curiam opinions during its 2016 term, which began October 3, 2016 and concluded October 1, 2017.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennessee_v._Garner

Also known as 471 U.S. 1, Tennessee v Garner.