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Texas City refinery explosion, the Glossary

The Texas City refinery explosion occurred on March 23, 2005, when a flammable hydrocarbon vapor cloud ignited and violently exploded at the isomerization process unit of the BP oil refinery in Texas City, Texas, killing 15 workers, injuring 180 others and severely damaging the refinery.^[1]

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219 relations: Academic Press, Accident analysis, Alkylation unit, Alloy steel, American Institute of Chemical Engineers, American Petroleum Institute, Amoco, Asbestos, Audit, Baytown Refinery, BBC News, Benzene, Birch Bay, Washington, Blowdown stack, Blue-collar worker, Blue-ribbon committee, Bob Dudley, BP, Buncefield fire, Butterworth-Heinemann, Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Carbon steel, CBS, CBS News, CCH (company), Change management, Change management (engineering), Cherry Point Refinery, Chief executive officer, Chlorofluorocarbon, Clean Air Act (United States), CNN, College of the Mainland, Construction trailer, Contra Costa County, California, Contractor management, Control room, Conviction, Corrosion, Corrosion under insulation, Cracking (chemistry), Deepwater Horizon, Deepwater Horizon explosion, Deepwater Horizon oil spill, Der Spiegel (website), Desulfurization, Diesel engine runaway, Diesel fuel, DocumentCloud, ... Expand index (169 more) »
2005 disasters in the United States
2005 in Texas
2005 industrial disasters
BP
Explosions in 2005
Explosions in Texas
Fires in Texas
Gas explosions in the United States
March 2005 events in the United States

Academic Press

Academic Press (AP) is an academic book publisher founded in 1941.

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Accident analysis

Accident analysis is a process carried out in order to determine the cause or causes of an accident (that can result in single or multiple outcomes) so as to prevent further accidents of a similar kind.

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Alkylation unit

An alkylation unit (alky) is one of the conversion processes used in petroleum refineries.

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Alloy steel

Alloy steel is steel that is alloyed with a variety of elements in total amounts between 1.0% and 50% by weight to improve its mechanical properties.

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American Institute of Chemical Engineers

The American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) is a professional organization for chemical engineers.

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American Petroleum Institute

The American Petroleum Institute (API) is the largest U.S. trade association for the oil and natural gas industry.

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Amoco

Amoco is a brand of fuel stations operating in the United States and owned by British conglomerate BP since 1998.

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Asbestos

Asbestos is a naturally occurring fibrous silicate mineral.

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Audit

An audit is an "independent examination of financial information of any entity, whether profit oriented or not, irrespective of its size or legal form when such an examination is conducted with a view to express an opinion thereon." Auditing also attempts to ensure that the books of accounts are properly maintained by the concern as required by law.

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Baytown Refinery

ExxonMobil's Baytown Refinery is a major oil refinery named after and located in Baytown, Texas. Texas City refinery explosion and Baytown Refinery are Galveston Bay Area.

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BBC News

BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs in the UK and around the world.

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Benzene

Benzene is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C6H6. The benzene molecule is composed of six carbon atoms joined in a planar hexagonal ring with one hydrogen atom attached to each. Because it contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms, benzene is classed as a hydrocarbon. Benzene is a natural constituent of petroleum and is one of the elementary petrochemicals.

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Birch Bay, Washington

Birch Bay (Tsan-wuch, Say-wak) is a protected bay of the east shore of the Salish Sea, between Semiahmoo Bay and Lummi Bay; approximately north of Seattle and south of Vancouver, BC, Canada.

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Blowdown stack

A blowdown stack is an elevated vent or vertical stack that is used to vent the pressure of components of a chemical, refinery or other plant if there is a process problem or emergency.

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Blue-collar worker

A blue-collar worker is a working class person who performs manual labor or skilled trades.

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Blue-ribbon committee

In the United States, a blue-ribbon committee (or panel or commission) is a group of exceptional people appointed to investigate, study or analyze a given question.

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Bob Dudley

Robert Warren Dudley (born September 14, 1955) is an American businessman who is a former group chief executive of BP.

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BP

BP p.l.c. (formerly The British Petroleum Company p.l.c. and BP Amoco p.l.c.; stylised in all lowercase) is a British multinational oil and gas company headquartered in London, England.

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Buncefield fire

The Buncefield fire was a major fire at an oil storage facility that started at 06:01 UTC on Sunday 11 December 2005 at the Hertfordshire Oil Storage Terminal, located near the M1 motorway, Hemel Hempstead, in Hertfordshire, England. Texas City refinery explosion and Buncefield fire are 2005 industrial disasters and explosions in 2005.

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Butterworth-Heinemann

Butterworth–Heinemann is a British publishing company specialised in professional information and learning materials for higher education and professional training, in printed and electronic forms.

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Carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula.

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Carbon monoxide

Carbon monoxide (chemical formula CO) is a poisonous, flammable gas that is colorless, odorless, tasteless, and slightly less dense than air.

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Carbon steel

Carbon steel is a steel with carbon content from about 0.05 up to 2.1 percent by weight.

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CBS

CBS Broadcasting Inc., commonly shortened to CBS (an abbreviation of its original name, Columbia Broadcasting System), is an American commercial broadcast television and radio network serving as the flagship property of the CBS Entertainment Group division of Paramount Global and is one of the company's three flagship subsidiaries, along with namesake Paramount Pictures and MTV.

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CBS News

CBS News is the news division of the American television and radio broadcaster CBS.

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CCH (company)

CCH, formerly Commerce Clearing House, is a provider of software and information services for tax, accounting and audit workers.

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Change management

Change management (CM) is a discipline that focuses on managing changes within an organization.

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Change management (engineering)

The change request management process in systems engineering is the process of requesting, determining attainability, planning, implementing, and evaluating of changes to a system.

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Cherry Point Refinery

The Cherry Point Refinery is an oil refinery near Bellingham, Washington, north of Seattle in the United States.

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Chief executive officer

A chief executive officer (CEO) (chief executive (CE), or managing director (MD) in the UK) is the highest officer charged with the management of an organization especially a company or nonprofit institution.

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Chlorofluorocarbon

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are fully or partly halogenated hydrocarbons that contain carbon (C), hydrogen (H), chlorine (Cl), and fluorine (F), produced as volatile derivatives of methane, ethane, and propane.

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Clean Air Act (United States)

The Clean Air Act (CAA) is the United States' primary federal air quality law, intended to reduce and control air pollution nationwide.

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CNN

Cable News Network (CNN) is a multinational news channel and website operating from Midtown Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. Founded in 1980 by American media proprietor Ted Turner and Reese Schonfeld as a 24-hour cable news channel, and presently owned by the Manhattan-based media conglomerate Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD), CNN was the first television channel to provide 24-hour news coverage and the first all-news television channel in the United States.

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College of the Mainland

College of the Mainland (COM) is a public community college in Texas City, Texas.

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Construction trailer

Construction trailers are mobile structures (trailers) used to accommodate temporary offices, dining facilities and storage of building materials during construction projects.

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Contra Costa County, California

Contra Costa County (Contra Costa, Spanish for 'Opposite Coast') is a county located in the U.S. state of California, in the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area.

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Contractor management

Contractor management is the managing of outsourced work performed for an individual company.

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Control room

A control room or operations room is a central space where a large physical facility or physically dispersed service can be monitored and controlled.

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Conviction

In law, a conviction is the determination by a court of law that a defendant is guilty of a crime.

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Corrosion

Corrosion is a natural process that converts a refined metal into a more chemically stable oxide.

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Corrosion under insulation

Corrosion under insulation (CUI) is a severe form of localized external corrosion that occurs in carbon and low alloy steel equipment that has been insulated.

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Cracking (chemistry)

In petrochemistry, petroleum geology and organic chemistry, cracking is the process whereby complex organic molecules such as kerogens or long-chain hydrocarbons are broken down into simpler molecules such as light hydrocarbons, by the breaking of carbon–carbon bonds in the precursors.

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Deepwater Horizon

Deepwater Horizon was an ultra-deepwater, dynamically positioned, semi-submersible offshore drilling rig owned by Transocean and operated by the BP company.

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Deepwater Horizon explosion

On April 20, 2010, an explosion and fire occurred on the Deepwater Horizon semi-submersible mobile offshore drilling unit, which was owned and operated by Transocean and drilling for BP in the Macondo Prospect oil field about southeast off the Louisiana coast.

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Deepwater Horizon oil spill

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill (also referred to as the "BP oil spill") was an environmental disaster which began on 20 April 2010, off the coast of the United States in the Gulf of Mexico on the BP-operated Macondo Prospect, considered the largest marine oil spill in the history of the petroleum industry and estimated to be 8 to 31 percent larger in volume than the previous largest, the Ixtoc I oil spill, also in the Gulf of Mexico. Texas City refinery explosion and Deepwater Horizon oil spill are bP.

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Der Spiegel (website)

() is a German news website.

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Desulfurization

Desulfurization or desulphurisation is a chemical process for the removal of sulfur from a material.

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Diesel engine runaway

Diesel engine runaway is an occurrence in diesel engines, in which the engine draws extra fuel from an unintended source and overspeeds at higher and higher RPM, producing up to ten times the engine's rated output until destroyed by mechanical failure or bearing seizure due to a lack of lubrication.

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Diesel fuel

Diesel fuel, also called diesel oil, heavy oil (historically) or simply diesel, is any liquid fuel specifically designed for use in a diesel engine, a type of internal combustion engine in which fuel ignition takes place without a spark as a result of compression of the inlet air and then injection of fuel.

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DocumentCloud

DocumentCloud is an open-source software as a service platform that allows users to upload, analyze, annotate, collaborate on and publish primary source documents.

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Ed Bradley

Edward Rudolph Bradley Jr. (June 22, 1941 – November 9, 2006) was an American broadcast journalist and news anchor who is best known for reporting with 60 Minutes and CBS News.

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Elsevier

Elsevier is a Dutch academic publishing company specializing in scientific, technical, and medical content.

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Energy Information Administration

The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) is a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System responsible for collecting, analyzing, and disseminating energy information to promote sound policymaking, efficient markets, and public understanding of energy and its interaction with the economy and the environment.

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Eni

Eni S.p.A., acronym for and formerly legally known as Ente nazionale idrocarburi (National Hydrocarbons Board), is an Italian multinational energy company headquartered in Rome.

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Environment, health and safety

Environment, health and safety (EHS; or health, safety and environment –HSE–, or safety, health and environment –SHE–) is an interdisciplinary field focused on the study and implementation of practical aspects environmental protection and safeguard of people's health and safety, especially at company level and in an occupational context.

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Environmental crime

Environmental crime is an illegal act which directly harms the environment.

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Esso

Esso is a trading name for ExxonMobil.

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Financial Times

The Financial Times (FT) is a British daily newspaper printed in broadsheet and also published digitally that focuses on business and economic current affairs.

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Firefighter

A firefighter (or fire fighter) is a first responder trained in firefighting, primarily to control and extinguish fires that threaten life and property, as well as to rescue persons from confinement or dangerous situations.

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Flow measurement

Flow measurement is the quantification of bulk fluid movement.

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Fluid catalytic cracking

Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is the conversion process used in petroleum refineries to convert the high-boiling point, high-molecular weight hydrocarbon fractions of petroleum (crude oils) into gasoline, alkene gases, and other petroleum products.

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Fortune (magazine)

Fortune (stylized in all caps) is an American global business magazine headquartered in New York City.

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Fractionating column

A fractionating column or fractional column is equipment used in the distillation of liquid mixtures to separate the mixture into its component parts, or fractions, based on their differences in volatility.

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Frank Bowman

Frank Lee Bowman (born 19 December 1944), a retired four-star Admiral, is the former Chief of Naval Personnel and former Director of Naval Nuclear Propulsion.

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Fuel oil

Fuel oil is any of various fractions obtained from the distillation of petroleum (crude oil).

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Galveston Bay Refinery

The Galveston Bay Refinery is an oil refinery located in the Texas City, Texas Industrial Complex on the edge of Galveston Bay.

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Galveston County, Texas

Galveston County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas, located along the Gulf Coast adjacent to Galveston Bay.

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Gas explosion

A gas explosion is the ignition of a mixture of air and flammable gas, typically from a gas leak.

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Gas flare

A gas flare, alternatively known as a flare stack, flare boom, ground flare, or flare pit, is a gas combustion device used in places such as petroleum refineries, chemical plants and natural gas processing plants, oil or gas extraction sites having oil wells, gas wells, offshore oil and gas rigs and landfills.

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Gasoline

Gasoline or petrol is a petrochemical product characterized as a transparent, yellowish, and flammable liquid normally used as a fuel for spark-ignited internal combustion engines.

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Good engineering practice

Good engineering practice (GEP) is engineering and technical activities that ensure that a company manufactures products of the required quality as expected (e.g., by the relevant regulatory authorities).

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Google Books

Google Books (previously known as Google Book Search, Google Print, and by its code-name Project Ocean) is a service from Google that searches the full text of books and magazines that Google has scanned, converted to text using optical character recognition (OCR), and stored in its digital database.

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Gooseneck (piping)

A gooseneck (or goose neck) is a 180° pipe fitting at the top of a vertical pipe that prevents entry of water.

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GovInfo

GovInfo is an official website of the United States government that houses U.S. government information.

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Greater Houston

Greater Houston, designated by the United States Office of Management and Budget as Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land, is the fifth-most populous metropolitan statistical area in the United States, encompassing nine counties along the Gulf Coast in Southeast Texas.

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Greenhouse gas

Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are the gases in the atmosphere that raise the surface temperature of planets such as the Earth.

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Gulf of Mexico

The Gulf of Mexico (Golfo de México) is an ocean basin and a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean, mostly surrounded by the North American continent.

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Harvard Law & Policy Review

The Harvard Law & Policy Review is a law journal and the official journal of the American Constitution Society, a progressive legal organization.

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Hazard and operability study

A hazard and operability study (HAZOP) is a structured and systematic examination of a complex system, usually a process facility, in order to identify hazards to personnel, equipment or the environment, as well as operability problems that could affect operations efficiency.

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Health and Safety Executive

The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) is a British public body responsible for the encouragement, regulation and enforcement of workplace health, safety and welfare.

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Heptane

Heptane or n-heptane is the straight-chain alkane with the chemical formula H3C(CH2)5CH3 or C7H16.

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Hexane

Hexane or n-hexane is an organic compound, a straight-chain alkane with six carbon atoms and the molecular formula C6H14.

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High temperature hydrogen attack

High temperature hydrogen attack (HTHA), also called hot hydrogen attack or methane reaction, is a problem which concerns steels operating at elevated temperatures (typically above) in hydrogen-rich atmospheres, such as refineries, petrochemical and other chemical facilities and, possibly, high pressure steam boilers.

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History Channel

History (stylized in all caps), formerly and commonly known as the History Channel, is an American pay television network and flagship channel owned by A&E Networks, a joint venture between Hearst Communications and The Walt Disney Company's General Entertainment Content Division.

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Houston Chronicle

The Houston Chronicle is the largest daily newspaper in Houston, Texas, United States.

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Hovensa

Limetree Bay Refinery (known also as Hovensa, styled HOVENSA) is an oil refinery located on the island of Saint Croix in the United States Virgin Islands.

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Hurricane Rita

Hurricane Rita was the most intense tropical cyclone on record in the Gulf of Mexico and the fourth-most intense Atlantic hurricane ever recorded.

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Hydrodesulfurization

Hydrodesulfurization (HDS), also called hydrotreatment or hydrotreating, is a catalytic chemical process widely used to remove sulfur (S) from natural gas and from refined petroleum products, such as gasoline or petrol, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and fuel oils.

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Hydrogen

Hydrogen is a chemical element; it has symbol H and atomic number 1.

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Hydrogen sulfide

Hydrogen sulfide is a chemical compound with the formula.

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Industrial furnace

An industrial furnace, also known as a direct heater or a direct fired heater, is a device used to provide heat for an industrial process, typically higher than 400 degrees Celsius.

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Inherent safety

In the chemical and process industries, a process has inherent safety if it has a low level of danger even if things go wrong.

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Institution of Chemical Engineers

The Institution of Chemical Engineers (IChemE) is a global professional engineering institution with 30,000 members in 114 countries.

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Integrated safe system of work

Integrated safe system of work (ISSOW) is used in hazardous industry to request, review, approve and document tasks to be carried out by frontline workers.

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International Association of Oil & Gas Producers

The International Association of Oil & Gas Producers (IOGP) is the petroleum industry's global forum in which members identify and share best practices to achieve improvements in health, safety, the environment, security, social responsibility, engineering and operations.

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Isomerization

In chemistry, isomerization or isomerisation is the process in which a molecule, polyatomic ion or molecular fragment is transformed into an isomer with a different chemical structure.

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Isopentane

Isopentane, also called methylbutane or 2-methylbutane, is a branched-chain saturated hydrocarbon (an alkane) with five carbon atoms, with formula or.

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James Baker

James Addison Baker III (born April 28, 1930) is an American attorney, diplomat and statesman.

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Jet fire

Jet fires are high temperature flames of burning fuel released in a particular orientation and under pressure.

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Jet fuel

Jet fuel or aviation turbine fuel (ATF, also abbreviated avtur) is a type of aviation fuel designed for use in aircraft powered by gas-turbine engines.

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John Browne, Baron Browne of Madingley

Edmund John Phillip Browne, Baron Browne of Madingley, (born 20 February 1948), is a British businessman.

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John Manzoni

Sir John Alexander Manzoni (born 1960) is a British senior civil servant and business executive, who served as chief executive of the civil service and the Cabinet Office Permanent Secretary from 2014 to 2020.

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Journal of Hazardous Materials

The Journal of Hazardous Materials is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal that covers the study of hazardous materials and their impact on the environment.

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Journal of Safety Research

The Journal of Safety Research is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering all aspects of safety and health research.

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Kearney (consulting firm)

Kearney is an American global management consulting firm with offices in more than 40 countries worldwide.

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KPRC-TV

KPRC-TV (channel 2) is a television station in Houston, Texas, United States, affiliated with NBC and owned by Graham Media Group.

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Lee H. Rosenthal

Lee Hyman Rosenthal (born November 30, 1952) is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas.

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Lessons learned

Lessons learned (American English) or lessons learnt (British English) are experiences distilled from past activities that should be actively taken into account in future actions and behaviors.

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Level sensor

Level sensors detect the level of liquids and other fluids and fluidized solids, including slurries, granular materials, and powders that exhibit an upper free surface.

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Line management

Line management refers to the management of employees who are directly involved in the production or delivery of products, goods and/or services.

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List of Seconds from Disaster episodes

The National Geographic documentary programme Seconds From Disaster investigates historically relevant man-made and natural disasters from the 20th century.

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Marathon Oil

Marathon Oil Corporation is an American petroleum company that has existed since 1887.

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Marathon Petroleum

Marathon Petroleum Corporation is an American petroleum refining, marketing, and transportation company headquartered in Findlay, Ohio.

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Marsh (company)

Marsh is a global professional services firm, headquartered in New York City with operations in insurance broking and risk management.

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Memorial Hermann Life Flight

Memorial Hermann Life Flight is a hospital-based air medical transport service in Houston, Texas.

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Memphis, Tennessee

Memphis is a city in the U.S. state of Tennessee.

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Methane

Methane is a chemical compound with the chemical formula (one carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms).

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Modern Marvels

Modern Marvels, formally known under A&E as Time Machine, is a television series first aired by the History Channel in 1995, but previously under A&E starting December 10, 1993.

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Mutual aid (emergency services)

In emergency services, mutual aid is an agreement among emergency responders to lend assistance across jurisdictional boundaries.

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National Geographic (American TV channel)

National Geographic (formerly National Geographic Channel; abbreviated and trademarked as Nat Geo or Nat Geo TV) is an American pay television network and flagship channel owned by the National Geographic Global Networks unit of Disney Entertainment and National Geographic Partners, a joint venture between The Walt Disney Company (73%) and the National Geographic Society (27%), with the operational management handled by Disney Entertainment.

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Newsweek

Newsweek is a weekly news magazine.

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Nitrogen

Nitrogen is a chemical element; it has symbol N and atomic number 7.

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Occupational safety and health

Occupational safety and health (OSH) or occupational health and safety (OHS) is a multidisciplinary field concerned with the safety, health, and welfare of people at work (i.e., while performing duties required by one's occupation).

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Occupational Safety and Health Administration

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is a regulatory agency of the United States Department of Labor that originally had federal visitorial powers to inspect and examine workplaces.

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Octane

Octane is a hydrocarbon and an alkane with the chemical formula C8H18, and the condensed structural formula CH3(CH2)6CH3.

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Octane rating

An octane rating, or octane number, is a standard measure of a fuel's ability to withstand compression in an internal combustion engine without causing engine knocking.

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Oil refinery

An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where petroleum (crude oil) is transformed and refined into products such as gasoline (petrol), diesel fuel, asphalt base, fuel oils, heating oil, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas and petroleum naphtha.

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Overtime

Overtime is the amount of time someone works beyond normal working hours.

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Pan American Petroleum and Transport Company

The Pan American Petroleum and Transport Company (PAT) was an oil company founded in 1916 by the American oil tycoon Edward L. Doheny after he had made a huge oil strike in Mexico.

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PBS

The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is an American public broadcaster and non-commercial, free-to-air television network based in Crystal City, Virginia.

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Penex

The Penex process is a continuous catalytic process used in the refining of crude oil.

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Pentane

Pentane is an organic compound with the formula C5H12—that is, an alkane with five carbon atoms.

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Performance indicator

A performance indicator or key performance indicator (KPI) is a type of performance measurement.

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Phillips disaster of 1989

On 23 October 1989 at approximately 1:05 PM Central Daylight Time, a series of explosions occurred at Phillips Petroleum Company's Houston Chemical Complex (HCC) in Pasadena, Texas, near the Houston Ship Channel. Texas City refinery explosion and Phillips disaster of 1989 are explosions in Texas, fires in Texas and industrial fires and explosions in the United States.

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Piper Alpha

Piper Alpha was an oil platform located in the North Sea about north-east of Aberdeen, Scotland.

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Plex Inc.

Plex Inc. is an American software company that runs its namesake ad-supported streaming media service that provides television shows and movies to users worldwide, and further provides a platform to discuss and discover content across all major subscription streaming services.

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Pool fire

A pool fire is a type of diffusion flame where a layer of volatile liquid fuel is evaporating and burning.

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Popular Mechanics

Popular Mechanics (often abbreviated as PM or PopMech) is a magazine of popular science and technology, featuring automotive, home, outdoor, electronics, science, do it yourself, and technology topics.

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Portable building

A portable, demountable or transportable building is a building designed and built to be movable rather than permanently located.

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Pre-start-up audit

The Pre-Start-Up Audit (PSUA) or Pre-startup review is a part of the planning process for projects during which the safety and functionality of the process itself is checked to ensure that all systems should function as intended and potential hazards can be dealt with.

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Pressure head

In fluid mechanics, pressure head is the height of a liquid column that corresponds to a particular pressure exerted by the liquid column on the base of its container.

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Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting is an annual peer-reviewed academic journal that covers research in the field of ergonomics.

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Process hazard analysis

A process hazard analysis (PHA) (or process hazard evaluation) is an exercise for the identification of hazards of a process facility and the qualitative or semi-quantitative assessment of the associated risk.

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Process safety

Process safety is an interdisciplinary engineering domain focusing on the study, prevention, and management of large-scale fires, explosions and chemical accidents (such as toxic gas clouds) in process plants or other facilities dealing with hazardous materials, such as refineries and oil and gas (onshore and offshore) production installations.

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Process safety management

Process safety management (PSM) is a practice to manage business operations critical to process safety.

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Process Safety Management (OSHA regulation)

Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals is a regulation promulgated by the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).

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ProPublica

ProPublica, legally Pro Publica, Inc., is a nonprofit organization based in New York City dedicated to investigative journalism.

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Prudhoe Bay oil spill

The Prudhoe Bay oil spill (2006 Alaskan oil spill) was an oil spill that was discovered on March 2, 2006, at a pipeline owned by BP Exploration, Alaska (BPXA) in western Prudhoe Bay, Alaska. Texas City refinery explosion and Prudhoe Bay oil spill are bP.

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Prudhoe Bay, Alaska

Prudhoe Bay is a census-designated place (CDP) located in North Slope Borough in the U.S. state of Alaska.

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Publications Office of the European Union

The Publications Office of the European Union is the official provider of publishing services and data, information and knowledge management services to all EU institutions, bodies and agencies.

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Raffinate

In chemical separation terminology, the raffinate (from French raffiner, to refine) is a product which has had a component or components removed.

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Relief valve

A relief valve or pressure relief valve (PRV) is a type of safety valve used to control or limit the pressure in a system; excessive pressure might otherwise build up and create a process upset, instrument or equipment failure, explosion, or fire.

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Renewable energy

Renewable energy (or green energy) is energy from renewable natural resources that are replenished on a human timescale.

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Reuters

Reuters is a news agency owned by Thomson Reuters.

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Root cause analysis

In the field of science and engineering, root cause analysis (RCA) is a method of problem solving used for identifying the root causes of faults or problems.

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Safety culture

Safety culture is the element of organizational culture which is concerned with the maintenance of safety and compliance with safety standards.

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Safety instrumented system

In functional safety a safety instrumented system (SIS) is an engineered set of hardware and software controls which provides a protection layer that shuts down a chemical, nuclear, electrical, or mechanical system, or part of it, if a hazardous condition is detected.

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Safety management system

A safety management system (SMS) is a management system designed to manage occupational safety and health risks in the workplace.

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Safety-critical system

A safety-critical system or life-critical system is a system whose failure or malfunction may result in one (or more) of the following outcomes.

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Scapegoating

Scapegoating is the practice of singling out a person or group for unmerited blame and consequent negative treatment.

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Science Channel

Science Channel (often simply branded as Science; abbreviated to SCI) is an American pay television channel owned by Warner Bros. Discovery.

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Search and rescue

Search and rescue (SAR) is the search for and provision of aid to people who are in distress or imminent danger.

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Seconds from Disaster

Seconds from Disaster is a US/UK-produced documentary television programme that investigates historically relevant man-made and natural disasters from the 20th and early 21st centuries.

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Semi-submersible platform

A semi-submersible platform is a specialised marine vessel used in offshore roles including as offshore drilling rigs, safety vessels, oil production platforms, and heavy lift cranes.

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Shelter-in-place

Shelter-in-place (SIP; also known as a shelter-in-place warning, SAME code SPW) is the act of seeking safety within the building one already occupies, rather than evacuating the area or seeking a community emergency shelter.

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Shift work

Shift work is an employment practice designed to keep a service or production line operational at all times.

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Sight glass

A sight glass or water gauge is a type of level sensor, a transparent tube through which the operator of a tank or boiler can observe the level of liquid contained within.

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Situation awareness

Situational awareness or situation awareness (SA) is the understanding of an environment, its elements, and how it changes with respect to time or other factors.

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St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

St.

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Sulfidation

Sulfidation (British spelling also sulphidation) is a process of installing sulfide ions in a material or molecule.

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Sulfur dioxide

Sulfur dioxide (IUPAC-recommended spelling) or sulphur dioxide (traditional Commonwealth English) is the chemical compound with the formula.

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Sulfuric acid

Sulfuric acid (American spelling and the preferred IUPAC name) or sulphuric acid (Commonwealth spelling), known in antiquity as oil of vitriol, is a mineral acid composed of the elements sulfur, oxygen, and hydrogen, with the molecular formula.

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Tagging system

In occupational health and safety, a tagging system is a system of recording and displaying the status of a machine or equipment, enabling staff to view whether it is in working order.

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Terri Schiavo case

The Terri Schiavo case was a series of court and legislative actions in the United States from 1998 to 2005, regarding the care of Theresa Marie Schiavo (née Schindler) (December 3, 1963 – March 31, 2005), a woman in an irreversible persistent vegetative state.

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Texas

Texas (Texas or Tejas) is the most populous state in the South Central region of the United States.

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Texas A&M University

Texas A&M University (Texas A&M, A&M, or TAMU) is a public, land-grant, research university in College Station, Texas.

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Texas Attorney General

The Texas attorney general is the chief legal officer.

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Texas City, Texas

Texas City is a city in Galveston County, Texas, United States. Texas City refinery explosion and Texas City, Texas are Galveston Bay Area.

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Texas Commission on Environmental Quality

The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) is the environmental agency for the state of Texas.

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Texas Legislature

The Texas Legislature is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Texas.

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The Daily News (Texas)

The Daily News, formerly the Galveston County Daily News and Galveston Daily News, is a newspaper published in Galveston, Texas, United States.

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The Daily Telegraph

The Daily Telegraph, known online and elsewhere as The Telegraph, is a British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed in the United Kingdom and internationally.

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The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.

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The Wall Street Journal

The Wall Street Journal (WSJ), also referred to simply as the Journal, is an American newspaper based in New York City, with a focus on business and finance.

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The Washington Post

The Washington Post, locally known as "the Post" and, informally, WaPo or WP, is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the national capital.

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Thermal radiation

Thermal radiation is electromagnetic radiation emitted by the thermal motion of particles in matter.

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Thunder Horse PDQ

Thunder Horse PDQ is a BP plc and ExxonMobil joint venture semi-submersible oil platform on location over the Mississippi Canyon Thunder Horse oil field (Block 778/822), in deepwater Gulf of Mexico, southeast of New Orleans, moored in waters of.

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Title 42 of the United States Code

Title 42 of the United States Code is the United States Code dealing with public health, social welfare, and civil rights.

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Toledo, Ohio

Toledo is a city in and the county seat of Lucas County, Ohio, United States.

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Tony Hayward

Anthony Bryan Hayward (born 21 May 1957) is a British businessman and former CEO of the oil and energy company BP.

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Trevor Kletz

Trevor Asher Kletz, OBE, FREng, FRSC, FIChemE (23 October 1922–31 October 2013) was a prolific British author on the topic of chemical engineering safety.

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Truthout

Truthout is an American non-profit news organization which describes itself as "dedicated to providing independent reporting and commentary on a diverse range of social justice issues".

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Turnaround (refining)

A turnaround (TAR) is a scheduled event wherein an entire process unit of an industrial plant, such as a refinery, petrochemical plant, power plant, or paper mill, is taken offstream for an extended period for work to be carried out.

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U.S. Chemical Safety Board

The U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (USCSB), generally referred to as the Chemical Safety Board (CSB), is an independent U.S. federal agency charged with investigating industrial chemical accidents.

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United States congressional hearing

A United States congressional hearing is the principal formal method by which United States congressional committees collect and analyze information in the early stages of legislative policymaking.

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United States Department of Energy

The United States Department of Energy (DOE) is an executive department of the U.S. federal government that oversees U.S. national energy policy and energy production, the research and development of nuclear power, the military's nuclear weapons program, nuclear reactor production for the United States Navy, energy-related research, and energy conservation.

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United States Department of Justice

The United States Department of Justice (DOJ), also known as the Justice Department, is a federal executive department of the United States government tasked with the enforcement of federal law and administration of justice in the United States.

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United States Environmental Protection Agency

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is an independent agency of the United States government tasked with environmental protection matters.

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United States Government Publishing Office

The United States Government Publishing Office (USGPO or GPO), formerly the United States Government Printing Office, is an agency of the legislative branch of the United States Federal government.

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United States Virgin Islands

The United States Virgin Islands, officially the Virgin Islands of the United States, are a group of Caribbean islands and an unincorporated and organized territory of the United States.

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United Steelworkers

The United Steel, Paper and Forestry, Rubber, Manufacturing, Energy, Allied Industrial and Service Workers International Union, commonly known as the United Steelworkers (USW), is a general trade union with members across North America.

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University of Texas Medical Branch

The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) is a public academic health science center in Galveston, Texas, United States.

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User interface

In the industrial design field of human–computer interaction, a user interface (UI) is the space where interactions between humans and machines occur.

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Valero Energy

Valero Energy Corporation is an American-based fuels producer mostly involved in manufacturing and marketing transportation fuels and other related products.

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Victoria (state)

Victoria (commonly abbreviated as Vic) is a state in southeastern Australia.

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Volatile organic compound

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are organic compounds that have a high vapor pressure at room temperature.

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White-collar worker

A white-collar worker is a person who performs professional service, desk, managerial, or administrative work.

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Wiley (publisher)

John Wiley & Sons, Inc., commonly known as Wiley, is an American multinational publishing company that focuses on academic publishing and instructional materials.

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Wiley-Blackwell

Wiley-Blackwell is an international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons.

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Worksafe (Western Australia)

WorkSafe is an agency within the Department of Energy, Mines, Industry Regulation and Safety, which is part of the Government of Western Australia, and responsible for the administration of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1984.

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World Bank

The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects.

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X-ray fluorescence

X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is the emission of characteristic "secondary" (or fluorescent) X-rays from a material that has been excited by being bombarded with high-energy X-rays or gamma rays.

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YouTube

YouTube is an American online video sharing platform owned by Google.

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1984 Romeoville petroleum refinery disaster

On July 23, 1984, an explosion and fire took place at a Union Oil Lemont Refinery in Romeoville, Illinois, outside Chicago, killing 17 people and causing major property damage. Texas City refinery explosion and 1984 Romeoville petroleum refinery disaster are gas explosions in the United States and industrial fires and explosions in the United States.

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1998 Esso Longford fire

On 25 September 1998 a catastrophic accident occurred at the Esso natural gas plant in Longford, Victoria, Australia.

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2-Methylpentane

2-Methylpentane, trivially known as isohexane, is a branched-chain alkane with the molecular formula C6H14.

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2019 Philadelphia refinery explosion

In the early morning of June 21, 2019, a fire and multiple explosions occurred at the Philadelphia Energy Solutions (PES) refinery in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Texas City refinery explosion and 2019 Philadelphia refinery explosion are gas explosions in the United States and industrial fires and explosions in the United States.

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60 Minutes

60 Minutes is an American television news magazine broadcast on the CBS television network.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_City_refinery_explosion

Also known as BP America Refinery Explosion, Texas City Refinery (BP), Texas City Refinery disaster.

, Ed Bradley, Elsevier, Energy Information Administration, Eni, Environment, health and safety, Environmental crime, Esso, Financial Times, Firefighter, Flow measurement, Fluid catalytic cracking, Fortune (magazine), Fractionating column, Frank Bowman, Fuel oil, Galveston Bay Refinery, Galveston County, Texas, Gas explosion, Gas flare, Gasoline, Good engineering practice, Google Books, Gooseneck (piping), GovInfo, Greater Houston, Greenhouse gas, Gulf of Mexico, Harvard Law & Policy Review, Hazard and operability study, Health and Safety Executive, Heptane, Hexane, High temperature hydrogen attack, History Channel, Houston Chronicle, Hovensa, Hurricane Rita, Hydrodesulfurization, Hydrogen, Hydrogen sulfide, Industrial furnace, Inherent safety, Institution of Chemical Engineers, Integrated safe system of work, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, Isomerization, Isopentane, James Baker, Jet fire, Jet fuel, John Browne, Baron Browne of Madingley, John Manzoni, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal of Safety Research, Kearney (consulting firm), KPRC-TV, Lee H. Rosenthal, Lessons learned, Level sensor, Line management, List of Seconds from Disaster episodes, Marathon Oil, Marathon Petroleum, Marsh (company), Memorial Hermann Life Flight, Memphis, Tennessee, Methane, Modern Marvels, Mutual aid (emergency services), National Geographic (American TV channel), Newsweek, Nitrogen, Occupational safety and health, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Octane, Octane rating, Oil refinery, Overtime, Pan American Petroleum and Transport Company, PBS, Penex, Pentane, Performance indicator, Phillips disaster of 1989, Piper Alpha, Plex Inc., Pool fire, Popular Mechanics, Portable building, Pre-start-up audit, Pressure head, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, Process hazard analysis, Process safety, Process safety management, Process Safety Management (OSHA regulation), ProPublica, Prudhoe Bay oil spill, Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, Publications Office of the European Union, Raffinate, Relief valve, Renewable energy, Reuters, Root cause analysis, Safety culture, Safety instrumented system, Safety management system, Safety-critical system, Scapegoating, Science Channel, Search and rescue, Seconds from Disaster, Semi-submersible platform, Shelter-in-place, Shift work, Sight glass, Situation awareness, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Sulfidation, Sulfur dioxide, Sulfuric acid, Tagging system, Terri Schiavo case, Texas, Texas A&M University, Texas Attorney General, Texas City, Texas, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, Texas Legislature, The Daily News (Texas), The Daily Telegraph, The Guardian, The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post, Thermal radiation, Thunder Horse PDQ, Title 42 of the United States Code, Toledo, Ohio, Tony Hayward, Trevor Kletz, Truthout, Turnaround (refining), U.S. Chemical Safety Board, United States congressional hearing, United States Department of Energy, United States Department of Justice, United States Environmental Protection Agency, United States Government Publishing Office, United States Virgin Islands, United Steelworkers, University of Texas Medical Branch, User interface, Valero Energy, Victoria (state), Volatile organic compound, White-collar worker, Wiley (publisher), Wiley-Blackwell, Worksafe (Western Australia), World Bank, X-ray fluorescence, YouTube, 1984 Romeoville petroleum refinery disaster, 1998 Esso Longford fire, 2-Methylpentane, 2019 Philadelphia refinery explosion, 60 Minutes.

Texas City refinery explosion, the Glossary

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