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Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, the Glossary

Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin and 11th Earl of Kincardine, (20 July 176614 November 1841), often known as Lord Elgin, was a British nobleman, diplomat, and collector, known primarily for the controversial procurement of marble sculptures (known as the Elgin Marbles) from the Parthenon and other structures on the Acropolis of Athens.^[1]

88 relations: Acropolis of Athens, Anton Graff, Athens, Austrian Netherlands, Bassae, Bassae Frieze, British North America, Broomhall House, Caryatid, Caryatids of Eleusis, Charles Bruce, 5th Earl of Elgin, Clan Bruce, Constantinople, Dunfermline, Earl of Elgin, Earl of Kincardine, Elefsina, Elgin Marbles, Ensign (rank), Firman, Francesco Morosini, Francis James Jackson, Frederick Bruce (diplomat), French First Republic, Frieze, George Byng, 4th Viscount Torrington, George III, George Lindsay-Crawford, 22nd Earl of Crawford, Giovanni Battista Lusieri, Government of Turkey, Governor-General of India, Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia, Harrow School, James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin, James Townsend Oswald, John Proby, 1st Earl of Carysfort, John Tweddell, Kingdom of Prussia, Kythira, Lady Augusta Stanley, Las Incantadas, List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Austria, List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Belgium, List of diplomats of the United Kingdom to Prussia, List of diplomats of the United Kingdom to the Ottoman Empire, List of Scottish representative peers, Lord Byron, Lord Henry Spencer, Lord Lieutenant of Fife, Martha Bruce, Countess of Elgin, ... Expand index (38 more) »
Ambassadors of Great Britain to the Holy Roman Emperor
Ambassadors of Great Britain to the Ottoman Empire
Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to the Ottoman Empire
Earls of Elgin
Lord-Lieutenants of Fife

Acropolis of Athens

The Acropolis of Athens (Akrópoli Athinón) is an ancient citadel located on a rocky outcrop above the city of Athens, Greece, and contains the remains of several ancient buildings of great architectural and historical significance, the most famous being the Parthenon.

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Anton Graff

Anton Graff (18 November 1736 – 22 June 1813) was an eminent Swiss portrait artist.

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Athens

Athens is the capital and largest city of Greece.

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Austrian Netherlands

The Austrian Netherlands Oostenrijkse Nederlanden; Pays-Bas Autrichiens; Österreichische Niederlande; Belgium Austriacum.

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Bassae

Bassae (Bassae, Βάσσαι - Bassai, meaning "little vale in the rocks") is an archaeological site in Oichalia, a municipality in the northeastern part of Messenia, Greece.

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Bassae Frieze

The Bassae Frieze is the high relief marble sculpture in 23 panels, 31 m long by 0.63 m high, made to decorate the interior of the cella of the Temple of Apollo Epikourios at Bassae.

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British North America

British North America comprised the colonial territories of the British Empire in North America from 1783 onwards.

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Broomhall House

Broomhall House is the family seat of the Earls of Elgin, south-west of Dunfermline, sitting above the village of Limekilns and near the village of Charlestown, in Fife, Scotland.

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Caryatid

A caryatid (Καρυᾶτις|) is a sculpted female figure serving as an architectural support taking the place of a column or a pillar supporting an entablature on her head.

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Caryatids of Eleusis

In antiquity, two large Caryatids from the Lesser Propylaea adorned the sanctuary of the Greek goddess of agriculture Demeter at Eleusis in Greece as architectural support taking the place of columns.

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Charles Bruce, 5th Earl of Elgin

Charles Bruce, 5th Earl of Elgin and 9th Earl of Kincardine (6 July 1732 – 14 May 1771) was a Scottish nobleman. Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin and Charles Bruce, 5th Earl of Elgin are earls of Elgin and Nobility from Fife.

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Clan Bruce

Clan Bruce (Brùs) is a Lowlands Scottish clan.

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Constantinople

Constantinople (see other names) became the capital of the Roman Empire during the reign of Constantine the Great in 330.

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Dunfermline

Dunfermline (Dunfaurlin, Dùn Phàrlain) is a city, parish, former Royal burgh in Fife, Scotland, from the northern shore of the Firth of Forth.

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Earl of Elgin

Earl of Elgin is a title in the Peerage of Scotland, created in 1633 for Thomas Bruce, 3rd Lord Kinloss. Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin and Earl of Elgin are earls of Elgin.

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Earl of Kincardine

The title Earl of Kincardine was created in 1647 in the Peerage of Scotland for Edward Bruce, grandson of George Bruce of Carnock, who was the younger brother of the 1st Lord Kinloss, he in turn being the father of the 1st Earl of Elgin.

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Elefsina

Elefsina (Elefsína) or Eleusis (Eleusís) is a suburban city and municipality in Athens metropolitan area.

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Elgin Marbles

The Elgin Marbles are a collection of Ancient Greek sculptures from the Parthenon and other structures from the Acropolis of Athens, removed from Ottoman Greece and shipped to Britain by agents of Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, and now held in the British Museum in London.

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Ensign (rank)

Ensign (Late Middle English, from Old French enseigne, from Latin insignia (plural)) is a junior rank of a commissioned officer in the armed forces of some countries, normally in the infantry or navy.

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Firman

A firman (translit), at the constitutional level, was a royal mandate or decree issued by a sovereign in an Islamic state.

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Francesco Morosini

Francesco Morosini (26 February 1619 – 16 January 1694) was the Doge of Venice from 1688 to 1694, at the height of the Great Turkish War.

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Francis James Jackson

Francis James Jackson (December 1770 – 5 August 1814) was a British diplomat, ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, Prussia and the United States. Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin and Francis James Jackson are ambassadors of the United Kingdom to the Ottoman Empire.

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Frederick Bruce (diplomat)

Sir Frederick William Adolphus Wright-Bruce, GCB (14 April 1814 – 19 September 1867) was a British diplomat.

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French First Republic

In the history of France, the First Republic (Première République), sometimes referred to in historiography as Revolutionary France, and officially the French Republic (République française), was founded on 21 September 1792 during the French Revolution.

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Frieze

In classical architecture, the frieze is the wide central section of an entablature and may be plain in the Ionic or Doric order, or decorated with bas-reliefs.

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George Byng, 4th Viscount Torrington

George Byng, 4th Viscount Torrington (11 October 1740 – 14 December 1812) was an English peer.

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George III

George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 173829 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 25 October 1760 until his death in 1820.

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George Lindsay-Crawford, 22nd Earl of Crawford

Major General George Lindsay-Crawford, 22nd Earl of Crawford (31 January 1758 – 30 January 1808), was a Scottish peer and soldier. Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin and George Lindsay-Crawford, 22nd Earl of Crawford are Lord-Lieutenants of Fife.

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Giovanni Battista Lusieri

Giovanni Battista Lusieri (1755–1821) was an Italian landscape painter from Naples. He was court painter to Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies before working for Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin and becoming involved in the removal and shipping of the Elgin Marbles to England.

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Government of Turkey

The Government of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Hükûmeti) is the national government of Turkey.

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Governor-General of India

The governor-general of India (1833 to 1950, from 1858 to 1947 the viceroy and governor-general of India, commonly shortened to viceroy of India) was the representative of the monarch of the United Kingdom in their capacity as the Emperor/Empress of India and after Indian independence in 1947, the representative of the Monarch of India.

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Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia

Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia (Марія Александровна; – 24 October 1920) was the fifth child and only surviving daughter of Alexander II of Russia and Marie of Hesse and by Rhine; she was Duchess of Edinburgh and later Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha as the wife of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

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Harrow School

Harrow School is a public school (English boarding school for boys) in Harrow on the Hill, Greater London, England.

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James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin

James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin and 12th Earl of Kincardine, (20 July 181120 November 1863) was a British colonial administrator and diplomat. He served as Governor of Jamaica (1842–1846), Governor General of the Province of Canada (1847–1854), and Viceroy of India (1862–1863). In 1857, he was appointed High Commissioner and Plenipotentiary in China and the Far East to assist in the process of opening up China and Japan to Western trade. Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin and James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin are earls of Elgin, Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland and Lord-Lieutenants of Fife.

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James Townsend Oswald

James Townsend Oswald (23 February 1748 – 3 January 1814) was a Scottish politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1768 and 1779.

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John Proby, 1st Earl of Carysfort

John Joshua Proby, 1st Earl of Carysfort, KP, PC, PC (Ire), FRS (12 August 1751 – 7 April 1828) was a British judge, diplomat, Whig politician and poet.

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John Tweddell

John Tweddell (1769–1799) was an English classical scholar and traveller.

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Kingdom of Prussia

The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen) constituted the German state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918.

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Kythira

Kythira (Κύθηρα), also transliterated as Cythera, Kythera and Kithira, is an island in Greece lying opposite the south-eastern tip of the Peloponnese peninsula.

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Lady Augusta Stanley

Lady Augusta Elizabeth Frederica Stanley (3 April 1822 – 1 March 1876), was daughter of Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin and Elizabeth Oswald.

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Las Incantadas

Las Incantadas of Salonica (Μαγεμένες της Θεσσαλονίκης or Λας Ινκαντάδας, meaning "the enchanted ones") is a group of Roman sculptures from a portico dating to the second century AD that once adorned the Roman Forum of Thessalonica in Northern Greece, and were considered to be among the most impressive and prestigious monuments of the city.

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List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Austria

The ambassador of the United Kingdom to Austria is the United Kingdom's foremost diplomatic representative in the Republic of Austria, and head of the UK's diplomatic mission in Vienna.

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List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Belgium

The Ambassador of the United Kingdom to Belgium is the United Kingdom's foremost diplomatic representative in Belgium, and in charge of the UK's diplomatic mission in Belgium.

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List of diplomats of the United Kingdom to Prussia

Below is an incomplete list of diplomats from the United Kingdom to Prussia, specifically Heads of Missions sent to the Elector of Brandenburg and to the Kingdom of Prussia from its formation of in 1701.

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List of diplomats of the United Kingdom to the Ottoman Empire

This is a list of diplomats of the United Kingdom to the Ottoman Empire.

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List of Scottish representative peers

This is a list of representative peers elected from the Peerage of Scotland to sit in the House of Lords after the Acts of Union 1707 abolished the Parliament of Scotland, where, as a unicameral legislature, all Scottish Peers had been entitled to sit. Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin and list of Scottish representative peers are Scottish representative peers.

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Lord Byron

George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron, (22 January 1788 – 19 April 1824) was a British poet and peer.

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Lord Henry Spencer

Lord Henry John Spencer (20 December 1770 – 3 July 1795) was a British diplomat and politician.

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Lord Lieutenant of Fife

This is a list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of Fife. Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin and Lord Lieutenant of Fife are Lord-Lieutenants of Fife.

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Martha Bruce, Countess of Elgin

Martha Bruce, Countess of Elgin and Kincardine (27 May 1739 – 21 June 1810), known for most of her life as Lady Elgin, was a British noblewoman and governess to Princess Charlotte of Wales, daughter of the future King George IV, at the time second in line to the throne. Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin and Martha Bruce, Countess of Elgin are Nobility from Fife.

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Mary Bruce, Countess of Elgin

Mary Hamilton Bruce, Countess of Elgin (née Nisbet; 18 April 1778 – 9 July 1855) was the first wife of British diplomat Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin during his term as Ambassador Extraordinaire to the Ottoman Empire and one of the most influential and wealthiest heiresses of the late 18th and early 19th century.

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Mentor (brig)

The Mentor was a brig bought by Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, in order to transport antiquities from Athens.

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Metope

In classical architecture, a metope (μετόπη) is a rectangular architectural element that fills the space between two triglyphs in a Doric frieze, which is a decorative band of alternating triglyphs and metopes above the architrave of a building of the Doric order.

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Naples

Naples (Napoli; Napule) is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest city of Italy, after Rome and Milan, with a population of 909,048 within the city's administrative limits as of 2022.

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Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.

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Palermo Fragment

The Palermo fragment, also known as Fagan slab from the name of the artist and British consul Robert Fagan who owned it, is a 2,500-year-old marble sculpture fragment of the foot and dress of the ancient Greek goddess Artemis.

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Paris

Paris is the capital and largest city of France.

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Parthenon

The Parthenon (Παρθενώνας|Parthenónas|) is a former temple on the Athenian Acropolis, Greece, that was dedicated to the goddess Athena.

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Pedimental sculpture

Pedimental sculpture is a form of architectural sculpture designed for installation in the tympanum, the space enclosed by the architectural element called the pediment.

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Philip Hunt (priest)

Philip Hunt (1772–1838) was an English Anglican priest and antiquarian.

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Portsmouth (UK Parliament constituency)

Portsmouth was a borough constituency based upon the borough of Portsmouth in Hampshire.

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Princess Charlotte of Wales (1796–1817)

Princess Charlotte Augusta of Wales (7 January 1796 – 6 November 1817) was the only child of George, Prince of Wales (later George IV), and Caroline of Brunswick.

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Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld

Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (Marie Louise Victoire; 17 August 1786 – 16 March 1861), later Princess of Leiningen and subsequently Duchess of Kent and Strathearn, was a German princess and the mother of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

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Privy Council (United Kingdom)

The Privy Council (formally His Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council) is a formal body of advisers to the sovereign of the United Kingdom.

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Queen Victoria

Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death in 1901.

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Reuters

Reuters is a news agency owned by Thomson Reuters.

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Robert Bruce (British Army officer, born 1813)

Major-General The Honourable Robert Bruce (15 March 1813 – 27 June 1862) was a British Army officer who served as Governor to the young Prince of Wales, later King Edward VII.

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Robert Ferguson of Raith

Robert Ferguson (8 September 17693 December 1840) of Raith, was at various times a Whig Member of Parliament for Fifeshire, Haddingtonshire and Kirkcaldy Burghs, and at the time of his death he was Lord Lieutenant of the county of Fife. Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin and Robert Ferguson of Raith are Lord-Lieutenants of Fife.

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Robert Murray Keith (the younger)

Lieutenant-General Sir Robert Murray Keith KCB PC FRSE (the younger) (20 September 1730 – 22 June 1795) was a British soldier, diplomat and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1775 to 1780. Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin and Robert Murray Keith (the younger) are ambassadors of Great Britain to the Holy Roman Emperor and British Army lieutenant generals.

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Scots Guards

The Scots Guards (SG) is one of the five Foot Guards regiments of the British Army.

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Sublime Porte

The Sublime Porte, also known as the Ottoman Porte or High Porte (Bāb-ı Ālī or Babıali, from gate and عالي), was a synecdoche or metaphor used to refer collectively to the central government of the Ottoman Empire in Istanbul.

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Suffolk Regiment

The Suffolk Regiment was an infantry regiment of the line in the British Army with a history dating back to 1685.

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Temple of Athena Nike

The Temple of Athena Nike (Greek: Ναός Αθηνάς Νίκης, Naós Athinás Níkis) is a temple on the Acropolis of Athens, dedicated to the goddesses Athena and Nike.

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The Complete Peerage

The Complete Peerage (full title: The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom Extant, Extinct, or Dormant); first edition by George Edward Cokayne, Clarenceux King of Arms; 2nd edition revised by Vicary Gibbs et al.) is a comprehensive work on the titled aristocracy of the British Isles.

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The Courier (Hobart)

The Courier is a newspaper founded in 1827 in Hobart, Tasmania, as The Hobart Town Courier.

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The Right Honourable

The Right Honourable (abbreviation: The Rt Hon. or variations) is an honorific style traditionally applied to certain persons and collective bodies in the United Kingdom, the former British Empire and the Commonwealth of Nations.

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Thessaloniki

Thessaloniki (Θεσσαλονίκη), also known as Thessalonica, Saloniki, Salonika, or Salonica, is the second-largest city in Greece, with slightly over one million inhabitants in its metropolitan area, and the capital of the geographic region of Macedonia, the administrative region of Central Macedonia and the Decentralized Administration of Macedonia and Thrace.

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Thomas Charles Bruce

Thomas Charles Bruce (15 February 1825 – 23 November 1890) was a British barrister and a Conservative politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1874 to 1885.

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Treaty of Amiens

The Treaty of Amiens (la paix d'Amiens) temporarily ended hostilities between France, the Spanish Empire, and the United Kingdom at the end of the War of the Second Coalition.

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Tweddell remains affair

The Tweddell remains affair was a British scandal that came to a head in the years 1815–17.

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University of Paris

The University of Paris (Université de Paris), known metonymically as the Sorbonne, was the leading university in Paris, France, from 1150 to 1970, except for 1793–1806 during the French Revolution.

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University of St Andrews

The University of St Andrews (Oilthigh Chill Rìmhinn; abbreviated as St And, from the Latin Sancti Andreae, in post-nominals) is a public university in St Andrews, Scotland.

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Westminster School

Westminster School is a public school in Westminster, London, England, in the precincts of Westminster Abbey.

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William Drummond of Logiealmond

Sir William James Charles Maria Drummond of Logiealmond FRS FRSE DCL (bapt. 26 September 1769Scotland, Select Births and Baptisms, 1564-1950 – 29 March 1828) was a Scottish diplomat and Member of Parliament, poet and philosopher. Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin and William Drummond of Logiealmond are Alumni of the University of St Andrews and ambassadors of the United Kingdom to the Ottoman Empire.

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William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville

William Wyndham Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville, (25 October 175912 January 1834) was a British Pittite Tory politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1806 to 1807, but was a supporter of the Whigs for the duration of the Napoleonic Wars.

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William Hamilton (diplomat)

Sir William Hamilton, KB, PC, FRS, FRSE (13 December 1730 – 6 April 1803) was a British diplomat, politician, antiquarian and vulcanologist who served as the Envoy Extraordinary to the Kingdom of Naples from 1764 to 1800. Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin and William Hamilton (diplomat) are Scots Guards officers.

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William Hamilton Nisbet

William Hamilton Nisbet (1747 – 17 July 1822) was a British politician.

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Winged Victory of Samothrace

The Winged Victory of Samothrace, or the Niké of Samothrace, is a votive monument originally found on the island of Samothrace, north of the Aegean Sea.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Bruce,_7th_Earl_of_Elgin

Also known as Bruce, Thomas, Earl of Elgin and Kincardine, Lord Elgin, Thomas Bruce Earl of Elgin and Kincardine, Thomas Bruce, Earl of Elgin, Thomas Elgin, Thomas, Earl of Elgin and Kincardine Bruce.

, Mary Bruce, Countess of Elgin, Mentor (brig), Metope, Naples, Ottoman Empire, Palermo Fragment, Paris, Parthenon, Pedimental sculpture, Philip Hunt (priest), Portsmouth (UK Parliament constituency), Princess Charlotte of Wales (1796–1817), Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Privy Council (United Kingdom), Queen Victoria, Reuters, Robert Bruce (British Army officer, born 1813), Robert Ferguson of Raith, Robert Murray Keith (the younger), Scots Guards, Sublime Porte, Suffolk Regiment, Temple of Athena Nike, The Complete Peerage, The Courier (Hobart), The Right Honourable, Thessaloniki, Thomas Charles Bruce, Treaty of Amiens, Tweddell remains affair, University of Paris, University of St Andrews, Westminster School, William Drummond of Logiealmond, William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville, William Hamilton (diplomat), William Hamilton Nisbet, Winged Victory of Samothrace.

Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Ambassadors of Great Britain to the Holy Roman Emperor

Ambassadors of Great Britain to the Ottoman Empire

Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to the Ottoman Empire

Earls of Elgin

Lord-Lieutenants of Fife

References