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Timeline of nuclear fusion, the Glossary

This timeline of nuclear fusion is an incomplete chronological summary of significant events in the study and use of nuclear fusion.^[1]

163 relations: Albert Einstein, Alpha particle, Amasa Stone Bishop, Andrei Sakharov, ARC fusion reactor, Argentina, Argonne National Laboratory, Argus laser, Arthur Eddington, Astron (fusion reactor), Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Atomic Weapons Establishment, Atoms for Peace, Berkeley, California, Big science, Bubble fusion, Cadarache, Cavendish Laboratory, Cavitation, Cold fusion, Commonwealth Fusion Systems, Culham, Cyclops laser, Deuterium, Diffusion Inhibitor, Divertor, Doping (semiconductor), Edward Teller, Eni, Ernest Rutherford, Ernest Walton, Euratom, European Commission, European Union, Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak, France, Francis William Aston, Fritz Houtermans, Fusion energy gain factor, Fusion power, Fusor, General Fusion, Geneva, George Gamow, George Paget Thomson, Hans Bethe, Heavy ion fusion, Helion Energy, Helium-3, Henry Norris Russell, ... Expand index (113 more) »
Nuclear fusion
Physics timelines

Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who is widely held as one of the most influential scientists. Best known for developing the theory of relativity, Einstein also made important contributions to quantum mechanics. His mass–energy equivalence formula, which arises from relativity theory, has been called "the world's most famous equation".

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Alpha particle

Alpha particles, also called alpha rays or alpha radiation, consist of two protons and two neutrons bound together into a particle identical to a helium-4 nucleus.

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Amasa Stone Bishop

Amasa Stone Bishop (1921 – May 21, 1997) was an American nuclear physicist specializing in fusion physics. Timeline of nuclear fusion and Amasa Stone Bishop are nuclear fusion.

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Andrei Sakharov

Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov (p; 21 May 192114 December 1989) was a Soviet physicist and a Nobel Peace Prize laureate, which he was awarded in 1975 for emphasizing human rights around the world.

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ARC fusion reactor

The ARC fusion reactor (affordable, robust, compact) is a design for a compact fusion reactor developed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Plasma Science and Fusion Center (PSFC). Timeline of nuclear fusion and ARC fusion reactor are nuclear fusion.

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Argentina

Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America.

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Argonne National Laboratory

Argonne National Laboratory is a federally funded research and development center in Lemont, Illinois, United States.

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Argus laser

Argus was a two-beam high power infrared neodymium doped silica glass laser with a output aperture built at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 1976 for the study of inertial confinement fusion.

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Arthur Eddington

Sir Arthur Stanley Eddington (28 December 1882 – 22 November 1944) was an English astronomer, physicist, and mathematician.

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Astron (fusion reactor)

The Astron is a type of fusion power device pioneered by Nicholas Christofilos and built at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory during the 1960s and 70s.

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Atomic Energy Research Establishment

The Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE) was the main centre for atomic energy research and development in the United Kingdom from 1946 to the 1990s.

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Atomic Weapons Establishment

The Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) is a United Kingdom Ministry of Defence research facility responsible for the design, manufacture and support of warheads for the UK's nuclear weapons. It is the successor to the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment (AWRE) with its main site on the former RAF Aldermaston and has major facilities at Burghfield, Blacknest and RNAD Coulport.

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Atoms for Peace

"Atoms for Peace" was the title of a speech delivered by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower to the UN General Assembly in New York City on December 8, 1953.

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Berkeley, California

Berkeley is a city on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay in northern Alameda County, California, United States.

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Big science

Big science is a term used by scientists and historians of science to describe a series of changes in science which occurred in industrial nations during and after World War II, as scientific progress increasingly came to rely on large-scale projects usually funded by national governments or groups of governments.

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Bubble fusion

Bubble fusion is the non-technical name for a nuclear fusion reaction hypothesized to occur inside extraordinarily large collapsing gas bubbles created in a liquid during acoustic cavitation.

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Cadarache

Cadarache is the largest technological research and development centre for energy in Europe.

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Cavendish Laboratory

The Cavendish Laboratory is the Department of Physics at the University of Cambridge, and is part of the School of Physical Sciences.

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Cavitation

Cavitation in fluid mechanics and engineering normally refers to the phenomenon in which the static pressure of a liquid reduces to below the liquid's vapour pressure, leading to the formation of small vapor-filled cavities in the liquid.

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Cold fusion

Cold fusion is a hypothesized type of nuclear reaction that would occur at, or near, room temperature. Timeline of nuclear fusion and Cold fusion are nuclear fusion.

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Commonwealth Fusion Systems

Commonwealth Fusion Systems (CFS) is an American fusion power company founded in 2018 in Cambridge, Massachusetts after a spin-out from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

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Culham

Culham is a village and civil parish in a bend of the River Thames, south of Abingdon in Oxfordshire.

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Cyclops laser

Cyclops was a high-power laser built at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) in 1975.

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Deuterium

Deuterium (hydrogen-2, symbol H or D, also known as heavy hydrogen) is one of two stable isotopes of hydrogen (the other is protium, or hydrogen-1).

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Diffusion Inhibitor

The Diffusion Inhibitor is the first known attempt to build a working fusion power device.

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Divertor

In magnetic confinement fusion, a divertor or diverted configuration is a magnetic field configuration of a tokamak or a stellarator which separates the confined plasma from the material surface of the device.

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Doping (semiconductor)

In semiconductor production, doping is the intentional introduction of impurities into an intrinsic (undoped) semiconductor for the purpose of modulating its electrical, optical and structural properties.

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Edward Teller

Edward Teller (Teller Ede; January 15, 1908 – September 9, 2003) was a Hungarian-American theoretical physicist and chemical engineer who is known colloquially as "the father of the hydrogen bomb" and one of the creators of the Teller–Ulam design.

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Eni

Eni S.p.A., acronym for and formerly legally known as Ente nazionale idrocarburi (National Hydrocarbons Board), is an Italian multinational energy company headquartered in Rome.

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Ernest Rutherford

Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson, (30 August 1871 – 19 October 1937) was a New Zealand physicist who was a pioneering researcher in both atomic and nuclear physics.

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Ernest Walton

Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton MRIA (6 October 1903 – 25 June 1995) was an Irish physicist and Nobel laureate who first split the atom.

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Euratom

The European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom) is an international organisation established by the Euratom Treaty on 25 March 1957 with the original purpose of creating a specialist market for nuclear power in Europe, by developing nuclear energy and distributing it to its member states while selling the surplus to non-member states.

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European Commission

The European Commission (EC) is the primary executive arm of the European Union (EU).

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European Union

The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe.

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Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak

The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), internal designation HT-7U (Hefei Tokamak 7 Upgrade), is an experimental superconducting tokamak magnetic fusion energy reactor in Hefei, China.

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France

France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe.

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Francis William Aston

Francis William Aston FRS (1 September 1877 – 20 November 1945) was a British chemist and physicist who won the 1922 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his discovery, by means of his mass spectrograph, of isotopes in many non-radioactive elements and for his enunciation of the whole number rule.

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Fritz Houtermans

Friedrich Georg "Fritz" Houtermans (January 22, 1903 – March 1, 1966) was a Dutch-Austrian-German atomic and nuclear physicist and Communist born in Zoppot (now Sopot) near Danzig (now Gdańsk), West Prussia to a Dutch father, who was a wealthy banker.

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Fusion energy gain factor

A fusion energy gain factor, usually expressed with the symbol Q, is the ratio of fusion power produced in a nuclear fusion reactor to the power required to maintain the plasma in steady state.

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Fusion power

Fusion power is a proposed form of power generation that would generate electricity by using heat from nuclear fusion reactions. Timeline of nuclear fusion and fusion power are nuclear fusion.

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Fusor

A fusor is a device that uses an electric field to heat ions to a temperature in which they undergo nuclear fusion.

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General Fusion

General Fusion is a Canadian company based in Richmond, British Columbia, which is developing a fusion power technology based on Magnetized Target Fusion (MTF).

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Geneva

Geneva (Genève)Genf; Ginevra; Genevra.

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George Gamow

George Gamow (sometimes Gammoff; born Georgiy Antonovich Gamov; Георгий Антонович Гамов; 4 March 1904 – 19 August 1968) was a Soviet and American polymath, theoretical physicist and cosmologist.

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George Paget Thomson

Sir George Paget Thomson, FRS (3 May 189210 September 1975) was a British physicist and Nobel laureate in physics recognized for his discovery of the wave properties of the electron by electron diffraction.

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Hans Bethe

Hans Albrecht Bethe (July 2, 1906 – March 6, 2005) was a German-American theoretical physicist who made major contributions to nuclear physics, astrophysics, quantum electrodynamics, and solid-state physics, and who won the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the theory of stellar nucleosynthesis.

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Heavy ion fusion

Heavy ion fusion is a fusion energy concept that uses a stream of high-energy ions from a particle accelerator to rapidly heat and compress a small pellet of fusion fuel.

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Helion Energy

Helion Energy, Inc. is an American fusion research company, located in Everett, Washington.

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Helium-3

Helium-3 (3He see also helion) is a light, stable isotope of helium with two protons and one neutron.

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Henry Norris Russell

Henry Norris Russell ForMemRS HFRSE FRAS (October 25, 1877 – February 18, 1957) was an American astronomer who, along with Ejnar Hertzsprung, developed the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram (1910).

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Herbert Wakefield Banks Skinner

Herbert Wakefield Banks Skinner (7 October 1900 – 20 January 1960) was a British physicist.

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Hertzsprung–Russell diagram

The Hertzsprung–Russell diagram (abbreviated as H–R diagram, HR diagram or HRD) is a scatter plot of stars showing the relationship between the stars' absolute magnitudes or luminosities and their stellar classifications or effective temperatures.

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High-confinement mode

In plasma physics and magnetic confinement fusion, the high-confinement mode (H-mode) is a phenomenon and operating regime of enhanced confinement in toroidal plasma such as tokamaks.

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HL-2M

HL-2M is a research tokamak at the Southwestern Institute of Physics in Chengdu, China.

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Homi J. Bhabha

Homi Jehangir Bhabha, FNI, FASc, FRS(30 October 1909 to 24 January 1966) was an Indian nuclear physicist who is widely credited as the "father of the Indian nuclear programme".

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Huemul Project

The Huemul Project (Proyecto Huemul) was an early 1950s Argentine effort to develop a fusion power device known as the Thermotron.

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Hydrogen

Hydrogen is a chemical element; it has symbol H and atomic number 1.

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Igor Kurchatov

Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov (Игорь Васильевич Курчатов; 12 January 1903 – 7 February 1960), was a Soviet physicist who played a central role in organizing and directing the former Soviet program of nuclear weapons.

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Igor Tamm

Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm (a; 8 July 1895 – 12 April 1971) was a Soviet physicist who received the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physics, jointly with Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov and Ilya Mikhailovich Frank, for their 1934 discovery and demonstration of Cherenkov radiation.

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Imperial College London

Imperial College London (Imperial) is a public research university in London, England.

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Inertial confinement fusion

Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) is a fusion energy process that initiates nuclear fusion reactions by compressing and heating targets filled with fuel.

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Interchange instability

The interchange instability, also known as the Kruskal–Schwarzchild instability or flute instability, is a type of plasma instability seen in magnetic fusion energy that is driven by the gradients in the magnetic pressure in areas where the confining magnetic field is curved.

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ITER

ITER (initially the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, iter meaning "the way" or "the path" in Latin) is an international nuclear fusion research and engineering megaproject aimed at creating energy through a fusion process similar to that of the Sun.

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Ivy Mike

Ivy Mike was the codename given to the first full-scale test of a thermonuclear device, in which part of the explosive yield comes from nuclear fusion.

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James L. Tuck

James Leslie Tuck (9 January 1910 – 15 December 1980) was a British physicist, working on the applications of explosives as part of the British delegation to Manhattan Project.

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Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia, located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asian mainland.

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John Bryan Taylor

John Bryan Taylor (born 26 December 1928) is a British physicist known for his contributions to plasma physics and their application in the field of fusion energy.

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John Cockcroft

Sir John Douglas Cockcroft (27 May 1897 – 18 September 1967) was an English physicist who shared with Ernest Walton the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1951 for splitting the atomic nucleus, and was instrumental in the development of nuclear power.

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John Nuckolls

John Hopkin Nuckolls (born 17 November 1930) is an American physicist who worked his entire career at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

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Joint European Torus

The Joint European Torus (JET) was a magnetically confined plasma physics experiment, located at Culham Centre for Fusion Energy in Oxfordshire, UK.

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JT-60

JT-60 (short for Japan Torus-60) is a large research tokamak, the flagship of the Japanese National Institute for Quantum Science and Technology's fusion energy directorate.

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Klaus Fuchs

Klaus Emil Julius Fuchs (29 December 1911 – 28 January 1988) was a German theoretical physicist and atomic spy who supplied information from the American, British, and Canadian Manhattan Project to the Soviet Union during and shortly after World War II.

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KMS Fusion

KMS Fusion was the first private company to attempt to produce a fusion reactor using the inertial confinement fusion (ICF) approach.

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KSTAR

The KSTAR (or Korea '''S'''uperconducting '''T'''okamak Advanced Research; 초전도 핵융합연구장치, literally "superconductive nuclear fusion research device") is a magnetic fusion device at the Korea Institute of Fusion Energy in Daejeon, South Korea.

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Kurchatov Institute

The Kurchatov Institute (Национальный исследовательский центр «Курчатовский Институт», National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute") is Russia's leading research and development institution in the field of nuclear energy.

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Langley Research Center

The Langley Research Center (LaRC or NASA Langley), located in Hampton, Virginia near the Chesapeake Bay front of Langley Air Force Base, is the oldest of NASA's field centers.

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Laser

A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation.

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Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) is a federally funded research and development center in Livermore, California, United States.

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Lev Artsimovich

Lev Andreyevich Artsimovich (Russian: Лев Андреевич Арцимович, February 25, 1909 – March 1, 1973), also transliterated Arzimowitsch, was a Soviet physicist known for his contributions to the Tokamak— a device that produces controlled thermonuclear fusion power.

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Lithium

Lithium is a chemical element; it has symbol Li and atomic number 3.

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Long path laser

The Long Path laser was an early high energy infrared laser at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory used to study inertial confinement fusion.

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Los Alamos National Laboratory

Los Alamos National Laboratory (often shortened as Los Alamos and LANL) is one of the sixteen research and development laboratories of the United States Department of Energy (DOE), located a short distance northwest of Santa Fe, New Mexico, in the American southwest.

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Los Alamos Science

Los Alamos Science was the Los Alamos National Laboratory's flagship publication in the years 1980 to 2005.

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Lower hybrid oscillation

In plasma physics, a lower hybrid oscillation is a longitudinal oscillation of ions and electrons in a magnetized plasma.

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Lyman Spitzer

Lyman Spitzer Jr. (June 26, 1914 – March 31, 1997) was an American theoretical physicist, astronomer and mountaineer.

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Magnetic confinement fusion

Magnetic confinement fusion (MCF) is an approach to generate thermonuclear fusion power that uses magnetic fields to confine fusion fuel in the form of a plasma.

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Magnetic mirror

A magnetic mirror, also known as a magnetic trap or sometimes as a pyrotron, is a type of magnetic confinement fusion device used in fusion power to trap high temperature plasma using magnetic fields.

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Magnetized liner inertial fusion

Magnetized liner inertial fusion (MagLIF) is an ongoing fusion power experiment being carried out on the Z Pulsed Power Facility (Z machine) at Sandia National Laboratories in the US.

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Mark Oliphant

Sir Marcus Laurence Elwin Oliphant, (8 October 1901 – 14 July 2000) was an Australian physicist and humanitarian who played an important role in the first experimental demonstration of nuclear fusion and in the development of nuclear weapons.

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Martin Fleischmann

Martin Fleischmann FRS (29 March 1927 – 3 August 2012) was a British chemist who worked in electrochemistry.

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Massachusetts Institute of Technology

The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private land-grant research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

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Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak

Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak (MAST) was a nuclear fusion experiment, testing a spherical tokamak nuclear fusion reactor, and commissioned by EURATOM/UKAEA.

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Microsoft Research

Microsoft Research (MSR) is the research subsidiary of Microsoft.

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Ministry of Supply

The Ministry of Supply (MoS) was a department of the UK government formed on 1 August 1939 by the Ministry of Supply Act 1939 (2 & 3 Geo. 6. c. 38) to co-ordinate the supply of equipment to all three British armed forces, headed by the Minister of Supply.

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Model C stellarator

The Model C stellarator was the first large-scale stellarator to be built, during the early stages of fusion power research.

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Moscow

Moscow is the capital and largest city of Russia.

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Moses Blackman

Moses Blackman FRS (6 December 1908 – 3 June 1983) was a South African-born British crystallographer.

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National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics

The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) was a United States federal agency that was founded on March 3, 1915, to undertake, promote, and institutionalize aeronautical research.

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National Ignition Facility

The National Ignition Facility (NIF) is a laser-based inertial confinement fusion (ICF) research device, located at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, California, United States.

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Neutral-beam injection

Neutral-beam injection (NBI) is one method used to heat plasma inside a fusion device consisting in a beam of high-energy neutral particles that can enter the magnetic confinement field.

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Neutron

| magnetic_moment.

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Nobel Prize in Physics

The Nobel Prize in Physics (Nobelpriset i fysik) is an annual award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who have made the most outstanding contributions to mankind in the field of physics.

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Nova (laser)

Nova was a high-power laser built at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) in California, United States, in 1984 which conducted advanced inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments until its dismantling in 1999.

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Novette laser

Novette was a two beam neodymium glass (phosphate glass) testbed laser built at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in about 15 months throughout 1981 and 1982 and was completed in January 1983.

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Nuclear fusion

Nuclear fusion is a reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei, usually deuterium and tritium (hydrogen isotopes), combine to form one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles (neutrons or protons).

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Operation Ivy

Operation Ivy was the eighth series of American nuclear tests, coming after Tumbler-Snapper and before Upshot–Knothole.

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Particle accelerator

A particle accelerator is a machine that uses electromagnetic fields to propel charged particles to very high speeds and energies to contain them in well-defined beams.

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Perhapsatron

The Perhapsatron was an early fusion power device based on the pinch concept in the 1950s.

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Peter Thonemann

Peter Clive Thonemann (3 June 1917 – 10 February 2018) was an Australian-born British physicist who was a pioneer in the field of fusion power while working in the United Kingdom.

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Phoenix (nuclear technology company)

Phoenix, formerly known as Phoenix Nuclear Labs, is a company specializing in neutron generator technology located in Monona, Wisconsin.

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Pinch (plasma physics)

A pinch (or: Bennett pinch (after Willard Harrison Bennett), electromagnetic pinch, magnetic pinch, pinch effect, or plasma pinch.) is the compression of an electrically conducting filament by magnetic forces, or a device that does such.

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Polywell

The polywell is a proposed design for a fusion reactor using an electric and magnetic field to heat ions to fusion conditions.

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Princeton Large Torus

The Princeton Large Torus (or PLT), was an early tokamak built at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL).

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Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory

Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) is a United States Department of Energy national laboratory for plasma physics and nuclear fusion science.

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Princeton University

Princeton University is a private Ivy League research university in Princeton, New Jersey.

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Project Sherwood

Project Sherwood was the codename for a United States program in controlled nuclear fusion during the period it was classified. Timeline of nuclear fusion and Project Sherwood are nuclear fusion.

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Proton

A proton is a stable subatomic particle, symbol, H+, or 1H+ with a positive electric charge of +1 e (elementary charge).

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Proton–proton chain

The proton–proton chain, also commonly referred to as the chain, is one of two known sets of nuclear fusion reactions by which stars convert hydrogen to helium.

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Quantum tunnelling

In physics, quantum tunnelling, barrier penetration, or simply tunnelling is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which an object such as an electron or atom passes through a potential energy barrier that, according to classical mechanics, should not be passable due to the object not having sufficient energy to pass or surmount the barrier.

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Rare-earth barium copper oxide

Rare-earth barium copper oxide (ReBCO) is a family of chemical compounds known for exhibiting high-temperature superconductivity (HTS).

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RDS-6s

RDS-6s (from the Soviet codename for their atomic bombs; American codename: Joe 4) was the first Soviet attempted test of a thermonuclear weapon that occurred on August 12, 1953, that detonated with a force equivalent to 400 kilotons of TNT.

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Research reactor

Research reactors are nuclear fission-based nuclear reactors that serve primarily as a neutron source.

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Reversed field pinch

A reversed-field pinch (RFP) is a device used to produce and contain near-thermonuclear plasmas.

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Richard F. Post

Richard Freeman Post (November 14, 1918 – April 7, 2015) was an American physicist notable for his work in nuclear fusion, plasma physics, magnetic mirrors, magnetic levitation, magnetic bearing design and direct energy conversion.

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Robert d'Escourt Atkinson

Robert d'Escourt Atkinson (born 11 April 1898, Rhayader, Wales – died 28 October 1982, Bloomington, Indiana) was a British astronomer, physicist and inventor.

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Robert Hofstadter

Robert Hofstadter (February 5, 1915 – November 17, 1990) was an American physicist.

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Robert L. Hirsch

Robert L. Hirsch is an American physicist who has been involved in energy issues from the late 1960s.

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Rokkasho

is a village in Aomori Prefecture, Japan.

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Sandia National Laboratories

Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), also known as Sandia, is one of three research and development laboratories of the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA).

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Sceptre (fusion reactor)

Sceptre was a series of early fusion power devices based on the Z-pinch concept of plasma confinement, built in the UK starting in 1956.

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Shiva laser

The Shiva laser was a powerful 20-beam infrared neodymium glass (silica glass) laser built at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 1977 for the study of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and long-scale-length laser-plasma interactions.

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Small Tight Aspect Ratio Tokamak

The Small Tight Aspect Ratio Tokamak, or START was a nuclear fusion experiment that used magnetic confinement to hold plasma.

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South Korea

South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia.

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Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.

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SPARC (tokamak)

SPARC is a tokamak under development by Commonwealth Fusion Systems (CFS) in collaboration with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Plasma Science and Fusion Center (PSFC).

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Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production

Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP) is a spherical tokamak fusion plant concept proposed by the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) and funded by the UK government.

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Stanisław Ulam

Stanisław Marcin Ulam (13 April 1909 – 13 May 1984) was a Polish mathematician, nuclear physicist and computer scientist.

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Stanley Pons

Bobby Stanley Pons (born August 23, 1943) is an American electrochemist known for his work with Martin Fleischmann on cold fusion in the 1980s and 1990s.

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Stellarator

A stellarator is a device that confines plasma using external magnets.

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Superconductivity

Superconductivity is a set of physical properties observed in certain materials where electrical resistance vanishes and magnetic fields are expelled from the material.

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Sweden

Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe.

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T-15 (reactor)

The T-15 (or Tokamak-15) is a Russian (previously Soviet) nuclear fusion research reactor located at the Kurchatov Institute, which is based on the (Soviet-invented) tokamak design.

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TAE Technologies

TAE Technologies, formerly Tri Alpha Energy, is an American company based in Foothill Ranch, California developing aneutronic fusion power.

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The Wall Street Journal

The Wall Street Journal (WSJ), also referred to simply as the Journal, is an American newspaper based in New York City, with a focus on business and finance.

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Thermonuclear weapon

A thermonuclear weapon, fusion weapon or hydrogen bomb (H bomb) is a second-generation nuclear weapon design.

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Theta pinch

Theta-pinch, or θ-pinch, is a type of fusion power reactor design.

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Tokamak

A tokamak (токамáк) is a device which uses a powerful magnetic field generated by external magnets to confine plasma in the shape of an axially-symmetrical torus.

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Tokamak Energy

Tokamak Energy is a fusion power company based near Oxford in the United Kingdom, established in 2009.

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Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor

The Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) was an experimental tokamak built at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) circa 1980 and entering service in 1982.

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Toroidal solenoid

The toroidal solenoid was an early 1946 design for a fusion power device designed by George Paget Thomson and Moses Blackman of Imperial College London.

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Tritium

Tritium or hydrogen-3 (symbol T or H) is a rare and radioactive isotope of hydrogen with half-life ~12.3 years.

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Tsar Bomba

The Tsar Bomba (code name: Ivan or Vanya), also known by the alphanumerical designation "AN602", was a thermonuclear aerial bomb, and the most powerful nuclear weapon ever created and tested.

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United States Atomic Energy Commission

The United States Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) was an agency of the United States government established after World War II by the U.S. Congress to foster and control the peacetime development of atomic science and technology.

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University of Cambridge

The University of Cambridge is a public collegiate research university in Cambridge, England.

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Utah

Utah is a landlocked state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States.

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Vandellòs Nuclear Power Plant

The Vandellòs Nuclear Power Plant is a nuclear power plant in Vandellòs located close to the Coll de Balaguer pass (Baix Camp comarca) in Catalonia, Spain.

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Wendelstein 7-X

The Wendelstein 7-X (abbreviated W7-X) reactor is an experimental stellarator built in Greifswald, Germany, by the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (IPP), and completed in October 2015.

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WEST (formerly Tore Supra)

WEST, or Tungsten (chemical symbol "W") Environment in Steady-state Tokamak, (formerly Tore Supra) is a French tokamak that originally began operating as Tore Supra after the discontinuation of TFR (Tokamak of Fontenay-aux-Roses) and of Petula (in Grenoble).

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_nuclear_fusion

, Herbert Wakefield Banks Skinner, Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, High-confinement mode, HL-2M, Homi J. Bhabha, Huemul Project, Hydrogen, Igor Kurchatov, Igor Tamm, Imperial College London, Inertial confinement fusion, Interchange instability, ITER, Ivy Mike, James L. Tuck, Japan, John Bryan Taylor, John Cockcroft, John Nuckolls, Joint European Torus, JT-60, Klaus Fuchs, KMS Fusion, KSTAR, Kurchatov Institute, Langley Research Center, Laser, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Lev Artsimovich, Lithium, Long path laser, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos Science, Lower hybrid oscillation, Lyman Spitzer, Magnetic confinement fusion, Magnetic mirror, Magnetized liner inertial fusion, Mark Oliphant, Martin Fleischmann, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak, Microsoft Research, Ministry of Supply, Model C stellarator, Moscow, Moses Blackman, National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, National Ignition Facility, Neutral-beam injection, Neutron, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nova (laser), Novette laser, Nuclear fusion, Operation Ivy, Particle accelerator, Perhapsatron, Peter Thonemann, Phoenix (nuclear technology company), Pinch (plasma physics), Polywell, Princeton Large Torus, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Project Sherwood, Proton, Proton–proton chain, Quantum tunnelling, Rare-earth barium copper oxide, RDS-6s, Research reactor, Reversed field pinch, Richard F. Post, Robert d'Escourt Atkinson, Robert Hofstadter, Robert L. Hirsch, Rokkasho, Sandia National Laboratories, Sceptre (fusion reactor), Shiva laser, Small Tight Aspect Ratio Tokamak, South Korea, Soviet Union, SPARC (tokamak), Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production, Stanisław Ulam, Stanley Pons, Stellarator, Superconductivity, Sweden, T-15 (reactor), TAE Technologies, The Wall Street Journal, Thermonuclear weapon, Theta pinch, Tokamak, Tokamak Energy, Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor, Toroidal solenoid, Tritium, Tsar Bomba, United States Atomic Energy Commission, University of Cambridge, Utah, Vandellòs Nuclear Power Plant, Wendelstein 7-X, WEST (formerly Tore Supra), YouTube, Z Pulsed Power Facility, Z-pinch, ZEEP, ZETA (fusion reactor).

Timeline of nuclear fusion, the Glossary

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