Transport layer, the Glossary

Table of Contents

1. 68 relations: Abstraction layer, Acknowledgement (data networks), AppleTalk, Application software, Asynchronous Transfer Mode, Automatic repeat request, Broadcasting (networking), Buffer underrun, Checksum, Computer network, Connection-oriented communication, Data buffer, Data link, Data stream, Datagram, Datagram Congestion Control Protocol, Encapsulation (networking), Error detection and correction, Explicit Congestion Notification, Fibre Channel, Fibre Channel Protocol, Flow control (data), Frame Relay, Head-of-line blocking, HTTP, IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, IL (network protocol), Internet, Internet Protocol, Internet protocol suite, IPX/SPX, LWN.net, Maximum transmission unit, Micro Transport Protocol, Middlebox, Multicast, Multihoming, Multipath TCP, Multiplexing, NACK-Oriented Reliable Multicast, Nagle's algorithm, NetWare, Network congestion, Network packet, Network service, Network socket, Network throughput, OSI model, OSI protocols, Port (computer networking), ... Expand index (18 more) »

2. OSI model

Abstraction layer

In computing, an abstraction layer or abstraction level is a way of hiding the working details of a subsystem.

See Transport layer and Abstraction layer

Acknowledgement (data networks)

In data networking, telecommunications, and computer buses, an acknowledgement (ACK) is a signal that is passed between communicating processes, computers, or devices to signify acknowledgment, or receipt of message, as part of a communications protocol.

See Transport layer and Acknowledgement (data networks)

AppleTalk

AppleTalk is a discontinued proprietary suite of networking protocols developed by Apple Computer for their Macintosh computers.

See Transport layer and AppleTalk

Application software

An application program (software application, or application, or app for short) is a computer program designed to carry out a specific task other than one relating to the operation of the computer itself, typically to be used by end-users.

See Transport layer and Application software

Asynchronous Transfer Mode

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a telecommunications standard defined by the American National Standards Institute and ITU-T (formerly CCITT) for digital transmission of multiple types of traffic.

See Transport layer and Asynchronous Transfer Mode

Automatic repeat request

Automatic repeat request (ARQ), also known as automatic repeat query, is an error-control method for data transmission that uses acknowledgements (messages sent by the receiver indicating that it has correctly received a message) and timeouts (specified periods of time allowed to elapse before an acknowledgment is to be received) to achieve reliable data transmission over an unreliable communication channel.

See Transport layer and Automatic repeat request

Broadcasting (networking)

In computer networking, telecommunication and information theory, broadcasting is a method of transferring a message to all recipients simultaneously.

See Transport layer and Broadcasting (networking)

Buffer underrun

In computing, buffer underrun or buffer underflow is a state occurring when a buffer used for communicating between two devices or processes is fed with data at a lower speed than the data is being read from it.

See Transport layer and Buffer underrun

Checksum

A checksum is a small-sized block of data derived from another block of digital data for the purpose of detecting errors that may have been introduced during its transmission or storage.

See Transport layer and Checksum

Computer network

A computer network is a set of computers sharing resources located on or provided by network nodes.

See Transport layer and Computer network

Connection-oriented communication

In telecommunications and computer networking, connection-oriented communication is a communication protocol where a communication session or a semi-permanent connection is established before any useful data can be transferred.

See Transport layer and Connection-oriented communication

Data buffer

In computer science, a data buffer (or just buffer) is a region of memory used to store data temporarily while it is being moved from one place to another.

See Transport layer and Data buffer

Data link

A data link is a means of connecting one location to another for the purpose of transmitting and receiving digital information (data communication).

See Transport layer and Data link

Data stream

In connection-oriented communication, a data stream is the transmission of a sequence of digitally encoded signals to convey information.

See Transport layer and Data stream

Datagram

A datagram is a basic transfer unit associated with a packet-switched network.

See Transport layer and Datagram

Datagram Congestion Control Protocol

In computer networking, the Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) is a message-oriented transport layer protocol.

See Transport layer and Datagram Congestion Control Protocol

Encapsulation (networking)

Encapsulation is the computer-networking process of concatenating layer-specific headers or trailers with a service data unit (i.e. a payload) for transmitting information over computer networks.

See Transport layer and Encapsulation (networking)

Error detection and correction

In information theory and coding theory with applications in computer science and telecommunication, error detection and correction (EDAC) or error control are techniques that enable reliable delivery of digital data over unreliable communication channels.

See Transport layer and Error detection and correction

Explicit Congestion Notification

Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) is an extension to the Internet Protocol and to the Transmission Control Protocol and is defined in RFC 3168 (2001).

See Transport layer and Explicit Congestion Notification

Fibre Channel

Fibre Channel (FC) is a high-speed data transfer protocol providing in-order, lossless delivery of raw block data.

See Transport layer and Fibre Channel

Fibre Channel Protocol

Fibre Channel Protocol (FCP) is the SCSI interface protocol utilising an underlying Fibre Channel connection.

See Transport layer and Fibre Channel Protocol

Flow control (data)

In data communications, flow control is the process of managing the rate of data transmission between two nodes to prevent a fast sender from overwhelming a slow receiver.

See Transport layer and Flow control (data)

Frame Relay

Frame Relay is a standardized wide area network (WAN) technology that specifies the physical and data link layers of digital telecommunications channels using a packet switching methodology.

See Transport layer and Frame Relay

Head-of-line blocking

Head-of-line blocking (HOL blocking) in computer networking is a performance-limiting phenomenon that occurs when a queue of packets is held up by the first packet in the queue.

See Transport layer and Head-of-line blocking

HTTP

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is an application layer protocol in the Internet protocol suite model for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems.

See Transport layer and HTTP

IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials

IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the IEEE Communications Society for tutorials and surveys covering all aspects of the communications field.

See Transport layer and IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials

IL (network protocol)

The Internet Link protocol or IL is a connection-based transport-layer protocol designed at Bell Labs originally as part of the Plan 9 operating system and is used to carry 9P.

See Transport layer and IL (network protocol)

Internet

The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices.

See Transport layer and Internet

Internet Protocol

The Internet Protocol (IP) is the network layer communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network boundaries.

See Transport layer and Internet Protocol

Internet protocol suite

The Internet protocol suite, commonly known as TCP/IP, is a framework for organizing the set of communication protocols used in the Internet and similar computer networks according to functional criteria.

See Transport layer and Internet protocol suite

IPX/SPX

IPX/SPX stands for Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange.

See Transport layer and IPX/SPX

LWN.net

LWN.net is a computing webzine with an emphasis on free software and software for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems.

See Transport layer and LWN.net

Maximum transmission unit

In computer networking, the maximum transmission unit (MTU) is the size of the largest protocol data unit (PDU) that can be communicated in a single network layer transaction.

See Transport layer and Maximum transmission unit

Micro Transport Protocol

Micro Transport Protocol (μTP, sometimes uTP) is an open User Datagram Protocol-based (UDP-based) variant of the BitTorrent peer-to-peer file sharing protocol intended to mitigate poor latency and other congestion control problems found in conventional BitTorrent over Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), while providing reliable, ordered delivery.

See Transport layer and Micro Transport Protocol

Middlebox

A middlebox is a computer networking device that transforms, inspects, filters, and manipulates traffic for purposes other than packet forwarding.

See Transport layer and Middlebox

Multicast

In computer networking, multicast is a type of group communication where data transmission is addressed to a group of destination computers simultaneously.

See Transport layer and Multicast

Multihoming

Multihoming is the practice of connecting a host or a computer network to more than one network.

See Transport layer and Multihoming

Multipath TCP

Multipath TCP (MPTCP) is an ongoing effort of the Internet Engineering Task Force's (IETF) Multipath TCP working group, that aims at allowing a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection to use multiple paths to maximize throughput and increase redundancy.

See Transport layer and Multipath TCP

Multiplexing

In telecommunications and computer networking, multiplexing (sometimes contracted to muxing) is a method by which multiple analog or digital signals are combined into one signal over a shared medium.

See Transport layer and Multiplexing

NACK-Oriented Reliable Multicast

NACK-Oriented Reliable Multicast (NORM) is a transport layer Internet protocol designed to provide reliable transport in multicast groups in data networks.

See Transport layer and NACK-Oriented Reliable Multicast

Nagle's algorithm

Nagle's algorithm is a means of improving the efficiency of TCP/IP networks by reducing the number of packets that need to be sent over the network.

See Transport layer and Nagle's algorithm

NetWare

NetWare is a discontinued computer network operating system developed by Novell, Inc. It initially used cooperative multitasking to run various services on a personal computer, using the IPX network protocol.

See Transport layer and NetWare

Network congestion

Network congestion in data networking and queueing theory is the reduced quality of service that occurs when a network node or link is carrying more data than it can handle.

See Transport layer and Network congestion

Network packet

In telecommunications and computer networking, a network packet is a formatted unit of data carried by a packet-switched network.

See Transport layer and Network packet

Network service

In computer networking, a network service is an application running at the network application layer and above, that provides data storage, manipulation, presentation, communication or other capability which is often implemented using a client–server or peer-to-peer architecture based on application layer network protocols.

See Transport layer and Network service

Network socket

A network socket is a software structure within a network node of a computer network that serves as an endpoint for sending and receiving data across the network.

See Transport layer and Network socket

Network throughput

Network throughput (or just throughput, when in context) refers to the rate of message delivery over a communication channel, such as Ethernet or packet radio, in a communication network.

See Transport layer and Network throughput

OSI model

The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is a reference model from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that "provides a common basis for the coordination of standards development for the purpose of systems interconnection." In the OSI reference model, the communications between systems are split into seven different abstraction layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.

See Transport layer and OSI model

OSI protocols

The Open Systems Interconnection protocols are a family of information exchange standards developed jointly by the ISO and the ITU-T. The standardization process began in 1977. Transport layer and OSI protocols are OSI model.

See Transport layer and OSI protocols

Port (computer networking)

In computer networking, a port or port number is a number assigned to uniquely identify a connection endpoint and to direct data to a specific service.

See Transport layer and Port (computer networking)

Protocol data unit

In telecommunications, a protocol data unit (PDU) is a single unit of information transmitted among peer entities of a computer network.

See Transport layer and Protocol data unit

Protocol ossification

Protocol ossification is the loss of flexibility, extensibility and evolvability of network protocols.

See Transport layer and Protocol ossification

QUIC

QUIC is a general-purpose transport layer network protocol initially designed by Jim Roskind at Google.

See Transport layer and QUIC

Reliability (computer networking)

In computer networking, a reliable protocol is a communication protocol that notifies the sender whether or not the delivery of data to intended recipients was successful.

See Transport layer and Reliability (computer networking)

Reliable Data Protocol

The Reliable Data Protocol (RDP) is a network transport protocol defined in and was updated in.

See Transport layer and Reliable Data Protocol

Reliable User Datagram Protocol

In computer networking, the Reliable User Datagram Protocol (RUDP) is a transport layer protocol designed at Bell Labs for the Plan 9 operating system.

See Transport layer and Reliable User Datagram Protocol

Session layer

In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, the session layer is layer 5. Transport layer and session layer are OSI model.

See Transport layer and Session layer

State (computer science)

In information technology and computer science, a system is described as stateful if it is designed to remember preceding events or user interactions; the remembered information is called the state of the system.

See Transport layer and State (computer science)

Statistical time-division multiplexing

Statistical multiplexing is a type of communication link sharing, very similar to dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA).

See Transport layer and Statistical time-division multiplexing

Stream (computing)

In computer science, a stream is a sequence of potentially unlimited data elements made available over time.

See Transport layer and Stream (computing)

Stream Control Transmission Protocol

The Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is a computer networking communications protocol in the transport layer of the Internet protocol suite.

See Transport layer and Stream Control Transmission Protocol

Structured Stream Transport

In computer networking, Structured Stream Transport (SST) is an experimental transport protocol that provides an ordered, reliable byte stream abstraction similar to TCP's, but enhances and optimizes stream management to permit applications to use streams in a much more fine-grained fashion than is feasible with TCP streams.

See Transport layer and Structured Stream Transport

Transmission Control Protocol

The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the main protocols of the Internet protocol suite.

See Transport layer and Transmission Control Protocol

UDP-Lite

UDP-Lite (Lightweight User Datagram Protocol) is a connectionless protocol that allows a potentially damaged data payload to be delivered to an application rather than being discarded by the receiving station.

See Transport layer and UDP-Lite

User Datagram Protocol

In computer networking, the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is one of the core communication protocols of the Internet protocol suite used to send messages (transported as datagrams in packets) to other hosts on an Internet Protocol (IP) network.

See Transport layer and User Datagram Protocol

Virtual circuit

A virtual circuit (VC) is a means of transporting data over a data network, based on packet switching and in which a connection is first established across the network between two endpoints.

See Transport layer and Virtual circuit

Wire data

Wire data or wire image is the information that passes over computer and telecommunication networks defining communications between client and server devices.

See Transport layer and Wire data

X.25

X.25 is an ITU-T standard protocol suite for packet-switched data communication in wide area networks (WAN).

See Transport layer and X.25

See also

OSI model

• Application layer
• Data link layer
• Network layer
• OSI model
• OSI protocols
• Physical layer
• Presentation layer
• Protocol Wars
• Protocol-control information
• Session layer
• Transport layer

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_layer

Also known as Comparison of OSI transport protocols, Comparison of transport layer protocols, Host-to-host layer, Layer 4, OSI Layer 4, Transport protocol, Transport-layer, Transport-layer protocol, X.214.

, Protocol data unit, Protocol ossification, QUIC, Reliability (computer networking), Reliable Data Protocol, Reliable User Datagram Protocol, Session layer, State (computer science), Statistical time-division multiplexing, Stream (computing), Stream Control Transmission Protocol, Structured Stream Transport, Transmission Control Protocol, UDP-Lite, User Datagram Protocol, Virtual circuit, Wire data, X.25.