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Tudeh Party of Iran, the Glossary

The Tudeh Party of Iran (lit) is an Iranian communist party.^[1]

184 relations: Abol-Ghasem Kashani, Abolhassan Banisadr, Admiral, Ahmad Kasravi, Ali Khavari, Allies of World War II, American Political Science Review, Amnesty International, Anglo-Persian Oil Company, Anti-revisionism (Marxism–Leninism), Asadollah Lajevardi, Asef Razmdideh, Ashura, Asia, Assassination of Qasem Soleimani, Authoritarianism, Azerbaijan (Iran), Azerbaijanis, Bahram Afzali, Bandar-e Anzali, Bantam Books, Berlin, Black propaganda, BP, Capitalism, Caucasus, Central Council of United Trade Unions, Central Intelligence Agency, Chinese Civil War, Christianity in Iran, Clement Attlee, Cold War, Communism, Communist International, Communist party, Communist Party of Persia, Communist Party of Venezuela, Democratic Organization of Iranian Women, Developing country, Division of Korea, Donald Trump, East German uprising of 1953, East Germany, Eastern Bloc, Ehsan Tabari, Encyclopædia Iranica, Ettela'at, Evin Prison, Far-left politics, Fascism, ... Expand index (134 more) »
1941 establishments in Iran
1949 disestablishments in Iran
1988 executions of Iranian political prisoners
Political parties established in 1941

Abol-Ghasem Kashani

Sayyed Abol-Ghasem Mostafavi-Kashani (سید ابوالقاسمکاشانی Abu’l-Qāsem Kāšāni; 19 November 1882 – 13 March 1962) was an Iranian politician and Shia Marja.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Abol-Ghasem Kashani

Abolhassan Banisadr

Seyyed Abolhassan Banisadr (سید ابوالحسن بنی‌صدر; 22 March 1933 – 9 October 2021) was an Iranian politician, writer, and political dissident.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Abolhassan Banisadr

Admiral

Admiral is one of the highest ranks in some navies.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Admiral

Ahmad Hokmabadi Tabrizi (Ahmad-e Hokmabadi-ye Tabrizi; 29 September 1890 – 11 March 1946), later known as Ahmad Kasravi, was a pre-eminent Iranian historian, jurist, linguist, theologian, a staunch secularist and intellectual.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Ahmad Kasravi

Ali Khavari

Ali Khavari (علی خاوری; 22 March 1923 – 19 March 2021) was an Iranian communist politician and General Secretary of the Tudeh Party of Iran.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Ali Khavari

Allies of World War II

The Allies, formally referred to as the United Nations from 1942, were an international military coalition formed during World War II (1939–1945) to oppose the Axis powers.

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American Political Science Review

The American Political Science Review (APSR) is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering all areas of political science.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and American Political Science Review

Amnesty International

Amnesty International (also referred to as Amnesty or AI) is an international non-governmental organization focused on human rights, with its headquarters in the United Kingdom.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Amnesty International

Anglo-Persian Oil Company

The Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC; شرکت نفت ایران و انگلیس) was a British company founded in 1909 following the discovery of a large oil field in Masjed Soleiman, Persia (Iran).

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Anglo-Persian Oil Company

Anti-revisionism (Marxism–Leninism)

Anti-revisionism (Marxism–Leninism) is a position within Marxism–Leninism which emerged in the mid-1950s in opposition to the reforms of Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Anti-revisionism (Marxism–Leninism)

Asadollah Lajevardi

Sayyid Assadollah Ladjevardi (اسدالله لاجوردی; 1935 – 23 August 1998) was an Iranian conservative politician, prosecutor and warden. Tudeh Party of Iran and Asadollah Lajevardi are 1988 executions of Iranian political prisoners.

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Asef Razmdideh

Asef Razmdideh (آصف رزم‌دیده) was an Iranian communist politician and trade unionist.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Asef Razmdideh

Ashura

Ashura is a day of commemoration in Islam.

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Asia

Asia is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Asia

Assassination of Qasem Soleimani

On 3 January 2020, Qasem Soleimani, an Iranian major general, was killed by an American drone strike near Baghdad International Airport, Iraq, while travelling to meet Iraqi Prime Minister Adil Abdul-Mahdi.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Assassination of Qasem Soleimani

Authoritarianism is a political system characterized by the rejection of political plurality, the use of strong central power to preserve the political status quo, and reductions in democracy, separation of powers, civil liberties, and the rule of law.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Authoritarianism

Azerbaijan (Iran)

Azerbaijan or Azarbaijan (italic), also known as Iranian Azerbaijan, is a historical region in northwestern Iran that borders Iraq and Turkey to the west, and the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, Armenia, and the Republic of Azerbaijan proper to the north.

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Azerbaijanis

Azerbaijanis (Azərbaycanlılar, آذربایجانلیلار), Azeris (Azərilər, آذریلر), or Azerbaijani Turks (Azərbaycan Türkləri, آذربایجان تۆرکلری) are a Turkic ethnic group living mainly in the Azerbaijan region of northwestern Iran and the Republic of Azerbaijan.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Azerbaijanis

Bahram Afzali

Bahram Afzali (بهرامافضلی; 6 December 1937 – 25 February 1984) was an Iranian admiral who served as the Commander of the Iranian Navy from May/June 1980 to 24 April 1983.

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Bandar-e Anzali

Bandar-e Anzali (بندرانزلی) is a city in the Central District of Bandar-e Anzali County, Gilan province, Iran, serving as the capital of both the county and the district.

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Bantam Books

Bantam Books is an American publishing house owned entirely by parent company Random House, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House; it is an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group.

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Berlin

Berlin is the capital and largest city of Germany, both by area and by population.

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Black propaganda

Black propaganda is a form of propaganda intended to create the impression that it was created by those it is supposed to discredit.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Black propaganda

BP

BP p.l.c. (formerly The British Petroleum Company p.l.c. and BP Amoco p.l.c.; stylised in all lowercase) is a British multinational oil and gas company headquartered in London, England.

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Capitalism

Capitalism is an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit.

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Caucasus

The Caucasus or Caucasia, is a transcontinental region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia.

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Central Council of United Trade Unions

The Central Council of United Trade Unions (abbreviated CCUTU, شورای متحده مرکزی اتحادیه کارگران و زحمتکشان ایران, 'Central United Council of the Trade Unions of Workers and Toilers of Iran') was a trade union centre in Iran.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Central Council of United Trade Unions

Central Intelligence Agency

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), known informally as the Agency, metonymously as Langley and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT) and conducting covert action through its Directorate of Operations.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Central Intelligence Agency

Chinese Civil War

The Chinese Civil War was fought between the Kuomintang-led government of the Republic of China and the forces of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), with armed conflict continuing intermittently from 1 August 1927 until 7 December 1949, resulting in a communist victory and control of mainland China.

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Christianity in Iran

Christianity in Iran dates back to the early years of the religion during the time of Jesus, predating Islam.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Christianity in Iran

Clement Attlee

Clement Richard Attlee, 1st Earl Attlee, (3 January 18838 October 1967) was a British statesman and Labour Party politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to 1951 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1935 to 1955.

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Cold War

The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc, that started in 1947, two years after the end of World War II, and lasted until the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991.

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Communism

Communism (from Latin label) is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered around common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange that allocates products to everyone in the society based on need.

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Communist International

The Communist International (Comintern), also known as the Third International, was an international organization founded in 1919 that advocated world communism, and which was led and controlled by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

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Communist party

A communist party is a political party that seeks to realize the socio-economic goals of communism.

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Communist Party of Persia

The Communist Party of Iran (Ḥezb-e komūnīst-e Iran) was an Iranian communist party.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Communist Party of Persia

Communist Party of Venezuela

The Communist Party of Venezuela (Partido Comunista de Venezuela, PCV) is a communist party in Venezuela. Tudeh Party of Iran and communist Party of Venezuela are international Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Communist Party of Venezuela

Democratic Organization of Iranian Women

The Democratic Organization of Iranian Women (DAW; تشکیلات دموکراتیک زنان ایران) is the women's wing of the Tudeh Party of Iran.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Democratic Organization of Iranian Women

Developing country

A developing country is a sovereign state with a less developed industrial base and a lower Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Developing country

Division of Korea

The division of Korea began on August 15, 1945 when the official announcement of the surrender of Japan was released, thus ending the Pacific Theater of World War II.

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Donald Trump

Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an American politician, media personality, and businessman who served as the 45th president of the United States from 2017 to 2021.

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East German uprising of 1953

The East German uprising of 1953 (Volksaufstand vom 17.&thinsp) was an uprising that occurred in the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) from 16 to 17 June 1953.

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East Germany

East Germany (Ostdeutschland), officially known as the German Democratic Republic (GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik,, DDR), was a country in Central Europe from its formation on 7 October 1949 until its reunification with West Germany on 3 October 1990.

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Eastern Bloc

The Eastern Bloc, also known as the Communist Bloc (Combloc), the Socialist Bloc, and the Soviet Bloc, was the unofficial coalition of communist states of Central and Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa, and Latin America that were aligned with the Soviet Union and existed during the Cold War (1947–1991).

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Ehsan Tabari

Ehsan Tabari (احسان طبری; 8 February 1917 – 29 April 1989) was an Iranian philosopher, poet, and a literary giant who played a major role in modernization in literature and cultural enlightenment in the twentieth century in Iran.

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Encyclopædia Iranica

Encyclopædia Iranica is a project whose goal is to create a comprehensive and authoritative English-language encyclopedia about the history, culture, and civilization of Iranian peoples from prehistory to modern times.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Encyclopædia Iranica

Ettela'at

Ettela'at (lit) is a Persian-language daily newspaper of record published in Tehran, Iran.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Ettela'at

Evin Prison

Evin Prison (Zendân-e-Evin) is a prison located in the Evin neighborhood of Tehran, Iran.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Evin Prison

Far-left politics

Far-left politics, also known as extreme left politics or left-wing extremism, are politics further to the left on the left–right political spectrum than the standard political left.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Far-left politics

Fascism

Fascism is a far-right, authoritarian, ultranationalist political ideology and movement, characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a natural social hierarchy, subordination of individual interests for the perceived good of the nation or race, and strong regimentation of society and the economy.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Fascism

Fazlollah Zahedi

Fazlollah Zahedi (Fazlollāh Zāhedi, pronounced; 17 May 1892 – 2 September 1963) was an Iranian lieutenant general, statesman, and military strongman who replaced the Iranian Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh through a coup d'état supported by the United States and the United Kingdom.

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Feudalism

Feudalism, also known as the feudal system, was a combination of legal, economic, military, cultural, and political customs that flourished in medieval Europe from the 9th to 15th centuries.

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First Indochina War

The First Indochina War (generally known as the Indochina War in France, and as the Anti-French Resistance War in Vietnam, and alternatively internationally as the French-Indochina War) was fought between France and Việt Minh (Democratic Republic of Vietnam), and their respective allies, from 19 December 1946 until 20 July 1954.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and First Indochina War

Freemasonry

Freemasonry or Masonry refers to fraternal organisations that trace their origins to the local guilds of stonemasons that, from the end of the 14th century, regulated the qualifications of stonemasons and their interaction with authorities and clients.

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Gilan province

Gilan province (استان گیلان) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, in the northwest of the country.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Gilan province

Gohardasht Prison

Gohardasht Prison (زندان گوهردشت) is a prison in Gohardasht, a town in the northern outskirt of Karaj, approximately 20 km (12 miles) west of Tehran.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Gohardasht Prison

Government of Iran

The Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Nezâm-e Jomhuri-ye Eslâmi-ye Irân), known simply as Nezam (translit), is the ruling state and current political system in Iran, in power since the Iranian Revolution and fall of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Government of Iran

Guerrilla warfare

Guerrilla warfare is a form of unconventional warfare in which small groups of irregular military, such as rebels, partisans, paramilitary personnel or armed civilians including recruited children, use ambushes, sabotage, terrorism, raids, petty warfare or hit-and-run tactics in a rebellion, in a violent conflict, in a war or in a civil war to fight against regular military, police or rival insurgent forces.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Guerrilla warfare

Haydar Khan Amo-oghli

Haydar Khan Amo-oghli Tariverdi (حیدرخان عمواوغلی تاریوردی; December 20, 1880 – October 15, 1921) was an Iranian left-wing revolutionary, key figure during the Persian Constitutional Revolution and among the founders of the Communist Party of Persia.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Haydar Khan Amo-oghli

Human sexuality

Human sexuality is the way people experience and express themselves sexually.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Human sexuality

Imperialism

Imperialism is the practice, theory or attitude of maintaining or extending power over foreign nations, particularly through expansionism, employing both hard power (military and economic power) and soft power (diplomatic power and cultural imperialism).

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Imperialism

International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties

The International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties (IMCWP) is an annual conference attended by communist and workers' parties from several countries. Tudeh Party of Iran and International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties are international Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties

International Workers' Day

International Workers' Day, also known as Labour Day in some countries and often referred to as May Day, is a celebration of labourers and the working classes that is promoted by the international labour movement and occurs every year on 1 May, or the first Monday in May.

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Iraj Eskandari

Iraj Eskandari (ایرج اسکندری&lrm;; 1907–1985) was an Iranian communist politician.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Iraj Eskandari

Iran

Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Iran

Iran Between Two Revolutions

Iran Between Two Revolutions is a book by Ervand Abrahamian that was published in 1982 by Princeton University Press in New Jersey, United States.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Iran Between Two Revolutions

Iran crisis of 1946

The Iran crisis of 1946, also known as the Azerbaijan Crisis in the Iranian sources, was one of the first crises of the Cold War, sparked by the refusal of Joseph Stalin's Soviet Union to relinquish occupied Iranian territory despite repeated assurances.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Iran crisis of 1946

Iran is not just Tehran

"Iran is not just Tehran" (ایران فقط تهران نیست) is a slogan coined by the Tudeh Party of Iran in the early 1940s, originally used to convey importance of the provinces and voice "regional grievance against the capital".

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Iran is not just Tehran

Iran–Contra affair

The Iran–Contra affair (ماجرای ایران-کنترا; Caso Irán-Contra), often referred to as the Iran–Contra scandal and more rarely as the Iran Initiative, was a political scandal in the United States that occurred during the second term of the Reagan administration.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Iran–Contra affair

Iranian Kurdistan

Iranian Kurdistan or Eastern Kurdistan (translit) is an unofficial name for the parts of northwestern Iran with either a majority or sizable population of Kurds.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Iranian Kurdistan

Iranian reformists

The Reformists (Eslâh-Talabân) are a political faction in Iran.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Iranian reformists

Iranian Revolution

The Iranian Revolution (انقلاب ایران), also known as the 1979 Revolution and the Islamic Revolution (label), was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. The revolution led to the replacement of the Imperial State of Iran by the present-day Islamic Republic of Iran, as the monarchical government of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was superseded by the theocratic Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, a religious cleric who had headed one of the rebel factions.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Iranian Revolution

Iranian studies

Iranian studies (ايران‌شناسی), also referred to as Iranology and Iranistics, is an interdisciplinary field dealing with the research and study of the civilization, history, literature, art and culture of Iranian peoples.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Iranian studies

Iraq

Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, is a country in West Asia and a core country in the geopolitical region known as the Middle East.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Iraq

Isfahan

Isfahan or Esfahan (اصفهان) is a major city in the Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan province, Iran.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Isfahan

Islamic Consultative Assembly

The Islamic Consultative Assembly (Majles-e Showrā-ye Eslāmī), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majles (Arabicised spelling Majlis) or ICA, is the national legislative body of Iran.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Islamic Consultative Assembly

Islamic Republic of Iran Navy

The Islamic Republic of Iran Navy or Iranian Navy (IRIN; Nirū-yē Dəryâyi-yē Ərtēš-ē Žomhūri-yē Ēslâmi-yē Irân), officially abbreviated NEDAJA (نداجا), is the naval warfare service branch of Iran's regular military, the Islamic Republic of Iran Army (''Artesh'').

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Islamic Republic of Iran Navy

Islamic Republican Party

The Islamic Republican Party (IRP; Ḥezb-e Jomhūrī-e Eslāmī, also translated Islamic Republic Party) was formed in 1979 to assist the Iranian Revolution and Ayatollah Khomeini in their goal to establish theocracy in Iran.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Islamic Republican Party

Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps

The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC; سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی), also known as the Iranian Revolutionary Guards, is a multi-service primary branch of the Iranian Armed Forces.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps

Jalal Al-e-Ahmad

Seyyed Jalāl Āl-e-Ahmad (جلال آل‌احمد; December 2, 1923September 9, 1969) was a prominent Iranian novelist, short-story writer, translator, philosopher, socio-political critic, sociologist, as well as an anthropologist who was "one of the earliest and most prominent of contemporary Iranian ethnographers".

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Jalal Al-e-Ahmad

Jean-Luc Mélenchon

Jean-Luc Mélenchon (born 19 August 1951) is a French politician who was a member of the National Assembly for Bouches-du-Rhône's 4th constituency from 2017 to 2022.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Jean-Luc Mélenchon

Jungle Movement of Gilan

The Jangal (Jungle) Movement (Persian: جنبش جنگل), in Gilan, was a rebellion against the monarchist rule of the central government of the Sublime State of Iran, which lasted from 1915 to 1921.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Jungle Movement of Gilan

KGB

The Committee for State Security (Komitet gosudarstvennoy bezopasnosti (KGB)) was the main security agency for the Soviet Union from 13 March 1954 until 3 December 1991.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and KGB

Khavar-e no

Khavar-e no (lit) was an Iranian Persian-language daily newspaper, published from Tabriz 1943 to 1945.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Khavar-e no

Khosro Roozbeh

Khosro Roozbeh (خسرو روزبه) (24 August 1915 – 11 May 1958) was an Iranian military officer, mathematician, writer on political and cultural affairs and the chief of military branch of the Communist Tudeh Party of Iran and has been called "probably the most controversial as well as the best-known martyr of the communist movement in Iran".

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Khosro Roozbeh

Kremlin

The Moscow Kremlin (Moskovskiy Kreml'), or simply the Kremlin, is a fortified complex in Moscow, Russia.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Kremlin

Labour Party of Iran (Toufan)

The Labour Party of Iran (Toufan) (حزب کار ایران (توفان); translit.: Hezb-e Kar-e Irān (Tufān)) is a Hoxhaist Communist party whose leadership is exiled in Germany.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Labour Party of Iran (Toufan)

Lebanon

Lebanon (Lubnān), officially the Republic of Lebanon, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Lebanon

Left-wing nationalism

Left-wing nationalism or leftist nationalism is a form of nationalism which is based upon national self-determination, popular sovereignty, and left-wing political positions such as social equality.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Left-wing nationalism

Left-wing politics

Left-wing politics describes the range of political ideologies that support and seek to achieve social equality and egalitarianism, often in opposition to social hierarchy as a whole or certain social hierarchies.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Left-wing politics

Leipzig

Leipzig (Upper Saxon: Leibz'sch) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony.

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Liberalism

Liberalism is a political and moral philosophy based on the rights of the individual, liberty, consent of the governed, political equality, right to private property and equality before the law.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Liberalism

List of political parties in Iran

This article lists political parties in Iran.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and List of political parties in Iran

London

London is the capital and largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in.

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Mardom (newspaper)

Mardom (lit) was the official newspaper of the Tudeh Party of Iran.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Mardom (newspaper)

Marxism

Marxism is a political philosophy and method of socioeconomic analysis.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Marxism

Marxism–Leninism

Marxism–Leninism is a communist ideology that became the largest faction of the communist movement in the world in the years following the October Revolution.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Marxism–Leninism

Mashhad

Mashhad (مشهد) is the second-most-populous city in Iran, located in the relatively remote north-east of the country about from Tehran.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Mashhad

Mazandaran province

Mazandaran Province (استان مازندران) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Mazandaran province

Maziar Behrooz

Maziar Behrooz (مازیار بهروز; born 1959), is an Iranian-born American historian of modern Iran, and educator.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Maziar Behrooz

Mediterranean Sea

The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, on the east by the Levant in West Asia, and on the west almost by the Morocco–Spain border.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Mediterranean Sea

MI6

The Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), commonly known as MI6 (Military Intelligence, Section 6), is the foreign intelligence service of the United Kingdom, tasked mainly with the covert overseas collection and analysis of human intelligence on foreign nationals in support of its Five Eyes partners.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and MI6

Militarism

Militarism is the belief or the desire of a government or a people that a state should maintain a strong military capability and to use it aggressively to expand national interests and/or values.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Militarism

Mirza Kuchik Khan

Mirza Kuchik Khan (Gilaki: مئرزا کۊجي خان or ميرزا کۊچي خؤن;میرزا كوچک خان) (common alternative spellings Kouchek, Koochek, Kuchak, Kuchek, Kouchak, Koochak, Kuçek) (October 12, 1880 – December 2, 1921) was an Iranian twentieth-century revolutionary leader and the president of the Gilan Socialist Soviet Republic.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Mirza Kuchik Khan

Mitrokhin Archive

The Mitrokhin Archive refers to a collection of handwritten notes about secret KGB operations spanning the period between the 1930s and 1980s made by KGB archivist Vasili Mitrokhin which he shared with the British intelligence in the early 1990s.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Mitrokhin Archive

Mohammad Bahrami

Mohammad Bahrami (محمد بهرامی, 1898–1957) was an Iranian communist politician.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Mohammad Bahrami

Mohammad Beheshti

Sayyed Mohammad Hosseini Beheshti (سیّد محمد حسینی بهشتی; 24 October 1928 – 28 June 1981) was an Iranian jurist, philosopher, cleric and politician who was known as the second person in the political hierarchy of Iran after the Revolution.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Mohammad Beheshti

Mohammad Mosaddegh

Mohammad Mosaddegh (محمد مصدق,; 16 June 1882 – 5 March 1967) was an Iranian politician, author, and lawyer who served as the 30th Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 to 1953, elected by the 16th Majlis.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Mohammad Mosaddegh

Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

Mohammed Reza Pahlavi (26 October 1919 – 27 July 1980), commonly referred to in the Western world as Mohammad Reza Shah, or just simply The Shah, was the last monarch of Iran.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

Morning Star (British newspaper)

The Morning Star is a left-wing British daily newspaper with a focus on social, political and trade union issues.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Morning Star (British newspaper)

Morteza Motahhari

Morteza Motahhari (مرتضی مطهری, also Romanized as "Mortezā Motahharī"; 31 January 1919 – 1 May 1979) was an Iranian Twelver Shia scholar, philosopher, lecturer.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Morteza Motahhari

Museum of the Qasr Prison

The Museum of the Qasr Prison (موزه‌ زندان قصر muze-ye zendān-e qasr) is a historical complex in Tehran, Iran.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Museum of the Qasr Prison

Name-ye Mardom

Name-ye Mardom (lit) is a newspaper which has been published by the Tudeh Party of Iran during different periods with different outlooks.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Name-ye Mardom

National Front (Iran)

The National Front of Iran (Jebhe-ye Melli-ye Irân) is an opposition political organization in Iran.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and National Front (Iran)

National Security Archive

The National Security Archive is a 501(c)(3) non-governmental, non-profit research and archival institution located on the campus of the George Washington University in Washington, D.C. Founded in 1985 to check rising government secrecy.

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Nationalism

Nationalism is an idea and movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the state.

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Nationalization

Nationalization (nationalisation in British English) is the process of transforming privately-owned assets into public assets by bringing them under the public ownership of a national government or state.

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Noureddin Alamouti

Noureddin Alamouti (نورالدین الموتی) (1901–1965) was an Iranian judge and politician.

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Noureddin Kianouri

Noureddin Kianouri (نورالدین کیانوری; 1915–1999) was an Iranian construction engineer, Urban planner Professor of Bauakademie der DDR in Berlin and a communist political leader.

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Organization of Iranian People's Fedaian (Majority)

The Organization of Iranian People's Fadaian (Majority) (Sāzmān-e fedaiyān-e khalq-e Irān (aksariat)) is an Iranian left-wing opposition political party in exile. Tudeh Party of Iran and Organization of Iranian People's Fedaian (Majority) are 1988 executions of Iranian political prisoners.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Organization of Iranian People's Fedaian (Majority)

Pahlavi dynasty

The Pahlavi dynasty (دودمان پهلوی) was the last Iranian royal dynasty that ruled for almost 54 years between 1925 and 1979.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Pahlavi dynasty

Parviz Hekmatjoo

Parviz Hekmatjoo (Persian: پرویز حکمت جو; died 1974) was an Iranian aviator and military officer prominent during the reign of the Shah of Iran.

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Parviz Mahmoud

Parviz Mahmoud (1910 – 1996) was an Iranian composer and conductor.

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People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran

The People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI), also known as Mojahedin-e-Khalq (MEK) or Mojahedin-e-Khalq Organization (MKO) (Sâzmân-ye Mojâhedin-ye Khalğ-ye Irân), is an Iranian dissident organization that was previously armed but has now transitioned primarily into a political advocacy group. Tudeh Party of Iran and People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran are 1988 executions of Iranian political prisoners.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran

Persian Constitutional Revolution

The Persian Constitutional Revolution (Mashrūtiyyat, or انقلاب مشروطه Enghelāb-e Mashrūteh), also known as the Constitutional Revolution of Iran, took place between 1905 and 1911 during the Qajar dynasty.

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Persian Corridor

The Persian Corridor was a supply route through Iran into Soviet Azerbaijan by which British aid and American Lend-Lease supplies were transferred to the Soviet Union during World War II.

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The Iranian Soviet Socialist Republic (جمهوری شورای سوسیالیستی ایران), also known as the Socialist Soviet Republic of Gilan, (Gilaki: گیلانˇ شؤرایي جؤمۊري) was a short-lived unrecognized state, a Soviet republic in north-west Persia, south of the Caspian sea.

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Petroleum

Petroleum or crude oil, also referred to as simply oil, is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture of mainly hydrocarbons, and is found in geological formations.

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Political prisoner

A political prisoner is someone imprisoned for their political activity.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Political prisoner

Prime minister

A prime minister or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Prime minister

Princeton University Press

Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.

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Privatization

Privatization (rendered privatisation in British English) can mean several different things, most commonly referring to moving something from the public sector into the private sector.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Privatization

Purges of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

Purges of the Communist Party in the Soviet Union ("Чистка партийныхрядов",, "cleansing of the party ranks") were Soviet political events, especially during the 1920s, in which periodic reviews of members of the Communist Party were conducted by other members and the security organs to get rid of "undesirables".

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Purges of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

Qajar dynasty

The Qajar dynasty (translit; 1789–1925) was an Iranian dynasty founded by Mohammad Khan of the Qoyunlu clan of the Turkoman Qajar tribe.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Qajar dynasty

Qasem Soleimani

Qasem Soleimani (translit; 11 March 19573January 2020) was an Iranian military officer who served in the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC).

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Rahbar (newspaper)

Rahbar (lit) was an Iranian Persian language daily newspaper, published from Tehran.

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Reader Bullard

Sir Reader William Bullard (5 December 1885 – 24 May 1976) was a British diplomat and author.

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Red Army

The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union.

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Reproduction

Reproduction (or procreation or breeding) is the biological process by which new individual organisms – "offspring" – are produced from their "parent" or parents.

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Reza Radmanesh

Reza Radmanesh (رضا رادمنش; 1905/06–1983) was an Iranian physicist, communist politician and general secretary of the Tudeh Party of Iran.

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Reza Shah

Reza Shah Pahlavi (15 March 1878 – 26 July 1944) was an Iranian military officer and the founder of the Pahlavi dynasty.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Reza Shah

Ruhollah Khomeini

Ayatollah Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini (17 May 1900 or 24 September 19023 June 1989) was an Iranian Islamic revolutionary, politician, and religious leader who served as the first supreme leader of Iran from 1979 until his death in 1989. Tudeh Party of Iran and Ruhollah Khomeini are 1988 executions of Iranian political prisoners.

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Russian Revolution

The Russian Revolution was a period of political and social change in Russia, starting in 1917.

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Saber Mohammadzadeh

Saber Mohammadzadeh (صابر محمدزاده) was an Iranian communist politician.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Saber Mohammadzadeh

Secularism

Secularism is the principle of seeking to conduct human affairs based on naturalistic considerations, uninvolved with religion.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Secularism

Shia Islam

Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam.

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Sino-Soviet split

The Sino-Soviet split was the gradual worsening of relations between the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) during the Cold War.

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Social democracy is a political, social, and economic philosophy within socialism that supports political and economic democracy and supports a gradualist, reformist and democratic approach towards achieving socialism.

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Socialism is an economic and political philosophy encompassing diverse economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production, as opposed to private ownership.

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Soleiman Eskandari

Soleiman Mirza Eskandari (سلیمان اسکندری; 1875 – 7 January 1944) was an Iranian Qajar prince and socialist politician.

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South Africa

South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.

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Southern Iran

Southern Iran consists of the southern mountain ranges of Zagros and Central Iranian Range, Khuzestan Plain and the northern coasts of Persian Gulf and Strait of Hormuz.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Southern Iran

Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.

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Stalinism

Stalinism is the totalitarian means of governing and Marxist–Leninist policies implemented in the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1927 to 1953 by dictator Joseph Stalin.

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Summary execution

In civil and military jurisprudence, summary execution is the putting to death of a person accused of a crime without the benefit of a free and fair trial.

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Syracuse University Press

Syracuse University Press, founded in 1943, is a university press that is part of Syracuse University.

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Tehran

Tehran (تهران) or Teheran is the capital and largest city of Iran as well as the largest in Tehran Province.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Tehran

The Fifty-Three

The Fifty-Three were a group of 53 Iranians arrested for involvement in communist political activities in 1937 and brought to trial in November 1938 in the most sensational of the political trials held during the reign of Reza Shah Pahlavi.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and The Fifty-Three

The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and The Guardian

The New York Times

The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and The New York Times

Third Force (Iran)

Third Force (Niru-ye sevvom) was a loosely organized non-aligned political movement in Iran which advocated an independent, socialist–nationalist philosophy of development.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Third Force (Iran)

Tower Commission

The Tower Commission was a United States presidential commission established on December 1, 1986, by President Ronald Reagan in response to the Iran–Contra affair (in which senior administration officials secretly facilitated the sale of arms to Iran, which was the subject of an arms embargo).

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Tudeh fraction

The Tudeh fraction (فراکسیون توده) was the parliamentary group of the Tudeh Party in the Iranian Parliament.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Tudeh fraction

Tudeh Military Network

The Officers' Organization (سازمان افسران) or the Military Organization (سازمان نظامی) of the Tudeh Party, also known as Tudeh Military Network, was an intelligence gathering network that infiltrated the Iranian Armed Forces using clandestine cell system method.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Tudeh Military Network

Tudeh Youth Organization

Tudeh Youth Organization (Sāzmān-e javānān-e Tuda) is the youth wing of the Tudeh Party of Iran that was founded in 1943.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Tudeh Youth Organization

Twelve Imams

The Twelve Imams (ٱلْأَئِمَّة ٱلْٱثْنَا عَشَر,; دوازده امام) are the spiritual and political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad in the Twelver branch of Shia Islam, including that of the Alawite and Alevi.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Twelve Imams

United Front of Progressive Parties

Coalition Front of Freedom-Seeking Parties or United Front of Progressive Parties (Jebha-ye Moʾtalef-e Ahzāb-e Āāzādī-ḵᵛāh) was a political alliance of left-wing parties in Iran from 1946 to 1948.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and United Front of Progressive Parties

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of the continental mainland.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and United Kingdom

United Nations

The United Nations (UN) is a diplomatic and political international organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and serve as a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations.

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United Press International

United Press International (UPI) is an American international news agency whose newswires, photo, news film, and audio services provided news material to thousands of newspapers, magazines, radio and television stations for most of the 20th century until its eventual decline beginning in the early 1980s.

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United States Department of State

The United States Department of State (DOS), or simply the State Department, is an executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy and relations.

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Vladimir Kuzichkin

Vladimir Anatolyevich Kuzichkin Владимир Анатольевич Кузичкин (born 1947) is a former Soviet foreign intelligence officer who defected to Great Britain.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Vladimir Kuzichkin

Winston Churchill

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, soldier, and writer who was twice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, from 1940 to 1945 during the Second World War, and 1951 to 1955.

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World War II

World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and World War II

Zionism

Zionism is an ethno-cultural nationalist movement that emerged in Europe in the late 19th century and aimed for the establishment of a Jewish state through the colonization of a land outside of Europe.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and Zionism

1943–1944 Iranian legislative election

The elections for the 14th Parliament of Iran was held in November 1943–February 1944 and more than 800 candidates ran for 136 seats.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and 1943–1944 Iranian legislative election

1947 Iranian legislative election

Parliamentary elections were held in Iran in 1947.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and 1947 Iranian legislative election

1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état

In late February 1948, the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KSČ), with Soviet backing, assumed undisputed control over the government of Czechoslovakia through a coup d'état.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and 1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état

1952 Iranian legislative election

Parliamentary elections were held in Iran in 1952 to elect the 17th Iranian Majlis.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and 1952 Iranian legislative election

1953 Iranian coup d'état

The 1953 Iranian coup d'état, known in Iran as the 28 Mordad coup d'état (کودتای ۲۸ مرداد), was the U.S.- and British-instigated, Iranian army-led overthrow of the elected Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh in favor of strengthening the monarchical rule of the shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, on 19 August 1953, with one of the significant objectives being to protect British oil interests in Iran.

See Tudeh Party of Iran and 1953 Iranian coup d'état

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tudeh_Party_of_Iran

Also known as Hezb-e Tudeh-ye Iran, Party of the Masses of Iran, The Tudeh Party, The Tudeh Party of Iran, Tudeh, Tudeh Party.

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Tudeh Party of Iran, the Glossary

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