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Vietnam War casualties, the Glossary

Index Vietnam War casualties

Estimates of casualties of the Vietnam War vary widely.[1]

Table of Contents

  1. 109 relations: ABC News (United States), Agent Orange, Al Jazeera Media Network, American Friends Service Committee, Attrition warfare, Đồng Nai province, Bình An/Tây Vinh massacre, Bình Định province, Bình Hòa massacre, Bình Tai massacre, Bien Hoa Air Base, Birth defect, Body count, British Hong Kong, Cambodian Civil War, Capital Mechanized Infantry Division, Central Intelligence Agency, Chieu Hoi, Christian Appy, Cornell University Press, Counter-Revolutionary Violence: Bloodbaths in Fact & Propaganda, Counterinsurgency, Da Nang International Airport, Defoliant, Democide, Dioxin, Easter Offensive, Fall of Saigon, Final Solutions, First Indochina War, Free-fire zone, Guenter Lewy, Hanoi, Hà My massacre, Herbicidal warfare, Indochina refugee crisis, Indochina Wars, International Journal of Epidemiology, John Lewis, John Paul Vann, Killed in action, L'Harmattan, Land reform in North Vietnam, Laotian Civil War, Malcolm X, Martin Luther King Jr., Mass killing, Massacre at Huế, Memorial to the Revolutionary Martyrs, Missing in action, ... Expand index (59 more) »

ABC News (United States)

ABC News is the news division of the American television network ABC.

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Agent Orange

Agent Orange is a chemical herbicide and defoliant, one of the tactical use Rainbow Herbicides.

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Al Jazeera Media Network (AJMN; The Peninsula) is a private-media conglomerate headquartered at Wadi Al Sail, Doha, funded in part by the government of Qatar.

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American Friends Service Committee

The American Friends Service Committee (AFSC) is a Religious Society of Friends (Quaker) founded organization working for peace and social justice in the United States and around the world.

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Attrition warfare

Attrition warfare is a military strategy consisting of belligerent attempts to win a war by wearing down the enemy to the point of collapse through continuous losses in personnel, materiel and morale.

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Đồng Nai province

Đồng Nai is a province in the Southeast region of Vietnam, located east and northeast of Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon).

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Bình An/Tây Vinh massacre

The Bình An / Tây Vinh massacre (타이빈 양민 학살 사건) was a series of massacres alleged to have been conducted by the Capital Division of the South Korean Army between February 12, 1966 and March 17, 1966 of 1,200 unarmed civilians in the Go Dai village and other areas in the rural commune of Bình An/ Tây Vinh area, Tây Sơn District of Bình Định Province in South Vietnam.

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Bình Định province

Bình Định is a northern coastal province in the South Central Coast region, the Central of Vietnam.

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Bình Hòa massacre

The Bình Hòa Massacre, (thảm sát Bình Hoà, 빈호아 학살) was a massacre purportedly conducted by South Korean forces between December 3 and December 6, 1966, of 430 unarmed civilians in Bình Hòa village, Quảng Ngãi Province in South Vietnam.

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Bình Tai massacre

The Bình mai Massacre was a massacre allegedly perpetrated by South Korean forces on 9 October 1966 of 29-168 civilians in Bình Tai village of Bình Định Province in South Vietnam.

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Bien Hoa Air Base

Bien Hoa Air Base (Vietnamese: Sân bay Biên Hòa) is a Vietnam People's Air Force (VPAF) military airfield located in South-Central southern Vietnam about from Ho Chi Minh City, across the Dong Nai river in the northern ward of Tân Phong, and within the city of Biên Hòa within Đồng Nai Province.

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Birth defect

A birth defect, also known as a congenital disorder, is an abnormal condition that is present at birth regardless of its cause.

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Body count

A body count is the total number of people killed in a particular event.

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British Hong Kong

Hong Kong was a colony and later a dependent territory of the United Kingdom from 1841 to 1997, apart from a period of Japanese occupation from 1941 to 1945 during the Pacific War.

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Cambodian Civil War

The Cambodian Civil War (សង្គ្រាមស៊ីវិលកម្ពុជា, UNGEGN) was a civil war in Cambodia fought between the forces of the Communist Party of Kampuchea (known as the Khmer Rouge, supported by North Vietnam and the Viet Cong) against the government forces of the Kingdom of Cambodia and, after October 1970, the Khmer Republic, which had succeeded the kingdom (both supported by the United States and South Vietnam).

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Capital Mechanized Infantry Division

The Capital Mechanized Infantry Division (수도기계화보병사단, hanja: 首都機械化步兵師團), also known as Fierce Tiger Division (맹호부대, hanja: 猛虎部隊), is currently one of the six mechanized infantry divisions in the Republic of Korea Army.

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Central Intelligence Agency

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), known informally as the Agency, metonymously as Langley and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT) and conducting covert action through its Directorate of Operations.

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Chieu Hoi

The Chiêu Hồi program ((also spelled "chu hoi" or "chu-hoi" in English) loosely translated as "Open Arms") was an initiative by the United States and South Vietnam to encourage defection by the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) and Viet Cong (VC) and their supporters to the side of South Vietnam during the Vietnam War.

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Christian Appy

Christian Gerard Appy (born April 5, 1955) is a professor of history at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.

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Cornell University Press

The Cornell University Press is the university press of Cornell University; currently housed in Sage House, the former residence of Henry William Sage.

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Counter-Revolutionary Violence: Bloodbaths in Fact & Propaganda

Counter-Revolutionary Violence: Bloodbaths in Fact & Propaganda is a 1973 book by Noam Chomsky and Edward S. Herman, with a preface by Richard A. Falk.

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Counterinsurgency

Counterinsurgency (COIN, or NATO spelling counter-insurgency) is "the totality of actions aimed at defeating irregular forces".

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Da Nang International Airport

Da Nang International Airport is an international airport serving the area of Central Vietnam and the region's largest city Da Nang.

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Defoliant

A defoliant is any herbicidal chemical sprayed or dusted on plants to cause their leaves to fall off.

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Democide

Democide refers to "the intentional killing of an unarmed or disarmed person by government agents acting in their authoritative capacity and pursuant to government policy or high command." The term was first coined by Holocaust historian and statistics expert, R.J. Rummel in his book Death by Government, but has also been described as a better term than genocide to refer to certain types of mass killings, by renowned Holocaust historian Yehuda Bauer.

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Dioxin

Dioxin may refer to a number of different substances.

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Easter Offensive

The Easter Offensive, also known as the 1972 spring–summer offensive (Chiến dịch Xuân–Hè 1972) by North Vietnam, or the Red Fiery Summer (Mùa hè đỏ lửa) as romanticized in South Vietnamese literature, was a military campaign conducted by the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN, the regular army of North Vietnam) against the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN, the regular army of South Vietnam) and the United States military between 30 March and 22 October 1972, during the Vietnam War.

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Fall of Saigon

The fall of Saigon was the capture of Saigon, the capital of South Vietnam, by North Vietnam and the Viet Cong on 30 April 1975.

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Final Solutions

Final Solutions: Mass Killing and Genocide in the 20th Century is a 2003 book by Benjamin Valentino on the political factors of mass killing and genocide.

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First Indochina War

The First Indochina War (generally known as the Indochina War in France, and as the Anti-French Resistance War in Vietnam, and alternatively internationally as the French-Indochina War) was fought between France and Việt Minh (Democratic Republic of Vietnam), and their respective allies, from 19 December 1946 until 20 July 1954.

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Free-fire zone

A free-fire zone in U.S. military parlance is a fire control measure, used for coordination between adjacent combat units.

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Guenter Lewy

Guenter Lewy (born 22 August 1923) is a German-born American author and political scientist who is a professor emeritus of political science at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.

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Hanoi

Hanoi (Hà Nội) is the capital and second-most populous city of Vietnam.

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Hà My massacre

The Hà My Massacre was a massacre purportedly conducted by the South Korean Marines on 25 February 1968 of unarmed civilians in Hà My village, Điện Dương commune, Điện Bàn District, Quảng Nam Province in South Vietnam.

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Herbicidal warfare

Herbicidal warfare is the use of substances primarily designed to destroy the plant-based ecosystem of an area.

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Indochina refugee crisis

The Indochina refugee crisis was the large outflow of people from the former French colonies of Indochina, comprising the countries of Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos, after communist governments were established in 1975.

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Indochina Wars

During the Cold War, the Indochina Wars (Chiến tranh Đông Dương) were a series of wars which were waged in Indochina from 1946 to 1991, by communist forces (mainly ones led by Vietnamese communists) against the opponents (mainly the Empire of Vietnam, Vietnamese nationalists, Trotskyists, the State of Vietnam, the Republic of Vietnam, the French, American, Laotian royalist, Cambodian and Chinese communist forces).

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International Journal of Epidemiology

The International Journal of Epidemiology is a bimonthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering research in epidemiology.

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John Lewis

John Robert Lewis (February 21, 1940 – July 17, 2020) was an American politician and civil rights activist who served in the United States House of Representatives for from 1987 until his death in 2020.

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John Paul Vann

John Paul Vann (born John Paul Tripp; July 2, 1924 – June 9, 1972) was a lieutenant colonel in the United States Army, later retired, who became well known for his role in the Vietnam War.

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Killed in action

Killed in action (KIA) is a casualty classification generally used by militaries to describe the deaths of their own personnel at the hands of enemy or hostile forces at the moment of action.

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L'Harmattan

Éditions L'Harmattan, usually known simply as L'Harmattan, is one of the largest French book publishers.

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Land reform in North Vietnam

Land reform in North Vietnam (Vietnamese: Cải cách ruộng đất tại miền Bắc Việt Nam) can be understood as an agrarian reform in northern Vietnam throughout different periods, but in many cases it only refers to the one within the government of Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV) in the 1950s.

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Laotian Civil War

The Laotian Civil War was waged between the Communist Pathet Lao and the Royal Lao Government from 23 May 1959 to 2 December 1975.

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Malcolm X

Malcolm X (born Malcolm Little, later el-Hajj Malik el-Shabazz; May 19, 1925 – February 21, 1965) was an African-American revolutionary, Muslim minister and human rights activist who was a prominent figure during the civil rights movement until his assassination in 1965.

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Martin Luther King Jr.

Martin Luther King Jr. (born Michael King Jr.; January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American Baptist minister, activist, and political philosopher who was one of the most prominent leaders in the civil rights movement from 1955 until his assassination in 1968.

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Mass killing

Mass killing is a concept which has been proposed by genocide scholars who wish to define incidents of non-combat killing which are perpetrated by a government or a state.

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Massacre at Huế

The Huế massacre (Thảm sát tại Huế Tết Mậu Thân, or Thảm sát Tết Mậu Thân ở Huế, lit. translation: "Tết Offensive massacre in Huế") was the summary executions and mass murder perpetrated by the Viet Cong and People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) during their capture, military occupation and later withdrawal from the city of Huế during the Tet Offensive, considered one of the longest and bloodiest battles of the Vietnam War.

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Memorial to the Revolutionary Martyrs

The War Memorial in Hanoi is located across the Ba Dinh Square, across the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum and close to Hanoi Citadel.

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Missing in action

Missing in action (MIA) is a casualty classification assigned to combatants, military chaplains, combat medics, and prisoners of war who are reported missing during wartime or ceasefire.

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Muhammad Ali

Muhammad Ali (born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.; January 17, 1942 – June 3, 2016) was an American professional boxer and activist.

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My Lai massacre

The My Lai massacre (Thảm sát Mỹ Lai) was a war crime committed by the United States Army on 16 March 1968, involving the mass murder of unarmed civilians in Sơn Mỹ village, Quảng Ngãi province, South Vietnam, during the Vietnam War.

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National Academies Press

The US National Academies Press (NAP) was created to publish the reports issued by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, the National Academy of Engineering, the National Academy of Medicine, and the National Research Council.

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Ngo Dinh Diem

Ngô Đình Diệm (or;; 3 January 1901 – 2 November 1963) was a South Vietnamese politician who was the final prime minister of the State of Vietnam (1954–1955) and later the first president of South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) from 1955 until his capture and assassination during the CIA-backed 1963 South Vietnamese coup.

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Nhân Dân

Nhân Dân (People) is the official newspaper of the Communist Party of Vietnam.

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North Vietnam

North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV; Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa; chữ Nôm: 越南民主共和), was a socialist state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1945 to 1976, with formal sovereignty being fully recognized in 1954.

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OhmyNews

OhmyNews is a South Korean online news website.

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Operation Freedom Deal

Operation Freedom Deal was a military campaign led by the United States Seventh Air Force, taking place in Cambodia between 19 May 1970 and 15 August 1973. Part of the larger Vietnam War and the Cambodian Civil War, the goal of the operation was to provide air support and interdiction in the region. Launched by President Richard Nixon as a follow-up to the earlier ground invasion during the Cambodian Campaign, the initial targets of the operation were the base areas and border sanctuaries of the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) and the Viet Cong (VC).

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Operation Ranch Hand

Operation Ranch Hand was a U.S. military operation during the Vietnam War, lasting from 1962 until 1971.

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Operation Rolling Thunder

Operation Rolling Thunder was a gradual and sustained aerial bombardment campaign conducted by the United States (U.S.) 2nd Air Division (later Seventh Air Force), U.S. Navy, and Republic of Vietnam Air Force (RVNAF) against North Vietnam from 2 March 1965 until 2 November 1968, during the Vietnam War.

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Operation Speedy Express

Operation Speedy Express was a controversial military operation conducted by the United States Army's 9th Infantry Division during the Vietnam War in the Mekong Delta provinces of Kiến Hòa and Vĩnh Bình.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

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Paris Peace Accords

The Paris Peace Accords, officially the Agreement on Ending the War and Restoring Peace in Viet Nam, was a peace agreement signed on January 27, 1973, to establish peace in Vietnam and end the Vietnam War.

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Phù Cát Air Base

Phù Cát Air Base (Căn cứ không quân Phù Cát) (1966–1975) was a United States Air Force (USAF) and Republic of Vietnam Air Force (RVNAF) facility used during the Vietnam War (1959–1975).

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Phoenix Program

The Phoenix Program (Chiến dịch Phụng Hoàng) was designed and initially coordinated by the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) during the Vietnam War, involving the American, South Vietnamese militaries, and a small amount of Special forces operatives from the Australian Army Training Team Vietnam.

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Phong Nhị and Phong Nhất massacre

The Phong Nhị and Phong Nhất massacre (퐁니·퐁넛 양민학살 사건, Vietnamese: Thảm sát Phong Nhất và Phong Nhị) was a massacre of unarmed civilians in the villages of Phong Nhị and Phong Nhất, Điện Bàn District of Quảng Nam Province in South Vietnam reported to have been conducted by the 2nd Marine Brigade of the Republic of Korea Marines (ROKMC) during the Vietnam War on 12 February 1968.

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Population and Development Review

Population and Development Review is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Population Council.

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Prisoner of war

A prisoner of war (POW) is a person who is held captive by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict.

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Project 100,000

Project 100,000, also known as McNamara's 100,000, McNamara's Folly, McNamara's Morons, and McNamara's Misfits, was a controversial 1960s program by the United States Department of Defense (DoD) to recruit soldiers who would previously have been below military mental or medical standards.

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Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam

The Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam (PRG, Chính phủ Cách mạng Lâm thời Cộng hòa miền Nam Việt Nam), was formed on June 8, 1969, by the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) as an armed underground government opposing the government of South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) under President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu.

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Quảng Nam province

Quảng Nam is a coastal province near northernmost part of the South Central Coast region, the Central of Vietnam.

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Quảng Ngãi province

Quảng Ngãi is a northern coastal province in the South Central Coast region, the Central of Vietnam.

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R. J. Rummel

Rudolph Joseph Rummel (October 21, 1932 – March 2, 2014) was an American political scientist, a statistician and professor at Indiana University, Yale University, and University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.

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RAND Corporation

The RAND Corporation is an American nonprofit global policy think tank, research institute, and public sector consulting firm.

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Re-education camp (Vietnam)

Re-education camps (Trại cải tạo) were prison camps operated by the Communist government of Vietnam following the end of the Vietnam War.

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Refugee

A refugee, conventionally speaking, is a person who has lost the protection of their country of origin and who cannot or is unwilling to return there due to well-founded fear of persecution. Such a person may be called an asylum seeker until granted refugee status by a contracting state or by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) if they formally make a claim for asylum.

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Refugee camp

A refugee camp is a temporary settlement built to receive refugees and people in refugee-like situations.

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Republic of China in the Vietnam War

The Republic of China (ROC), commonly known as "Nationalist China" or "Taiwan", supported South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) during the Vietnam War.

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Robert E. Cushman Jr.

Robert Everton Cushman Jr. (December 24, 1914 – January 2, 1985) was a United States Marine Corps four-star general who served as the 25th commandant of the Marine Corps from January 1, 1972, to June 30, 1975.

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Robert McNamara

Robert Strange McNamara (June 9, 1916 – July 6, 2009) was an American businessman and government official who served as the eighth United States secretary of defense from 1961 to 1968 under presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson at the height of the Cold War.

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Search and destroy

Seek and destroy (also known as search and destroy, or S&D) is a military strategy which consists of inserting infantry forces into hostile territory and directing them to search and then attack enemy targets before immediately withdrawing.

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South Vietnam

South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam (RVN; Việt Nam Cộng hòa; VNCH, République du Viêt Nam), was a country in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of the Cold War after the 1954 division of Vietnam.

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Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia is the geographical southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Australian mainland, which is part of Oceania.

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State of Vietnam

The State of Vietnam (Quốc gia Việt Nam; Chữ Hán: 國家越南; État du Viêt-Nam) was a governmental entity in Southeast Asia that existed from 1949 until 1955, first as a member of the French Union and later as a country (from 22 July 1954 to 26 October 1955).

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The BMJ

The BMJ is a weekly peer-reviewed medical journal, published by BMJ Group, which in turn is wholly-owned by the British Medical Association (BMA).

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The Hankyoreh

The Hankyoreh is a centre-left liberal daily newspaper in South Korea.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.

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The Walrus

The Walrus is an independent, non-profit Canadian media organization.

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Third Indochina War

The Third Indochina War was a series of interconnected armed conflicts, mainly among the various communist factions over strategic influence in Indochina after Communist victory in South Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia in 1975.

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Tiger Force

Tiger Force was the name of a long-range reconnaissance patrol (LRRP) unit of the 1st Battalion (Airborne), 327th Infantry, 1st Brigade (Separate), 101st Airborne Division, which fought in the Vietnam War from November 1965 to November 1967.

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Unexploded ordnance

Unexploded ordnance (UXO, sometimes abbreviated as UO), unexploded bombs (UXBs), and explosive remnants of war (ERW or ERoW) are explosive weapons (bombs, shells, grenades, land mines, naval mines, cluster munition, and other munitions) that did not explode when they were employed and still pose a risk of detonation, sometimes many decades after they were used or discarded.

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United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) is a United Nations agency mandated to aid and protect refugees, forcibly displaced communities, and stateless people, and to assist in their voluntary repatriation, local integration or resettlement to a third country.

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United States Department of Defense

The United States Department of Defense (DoD, USDOD, or DOD) is an executive branch department of the federal government of the United States charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the U.S. government directly related to national security and the United States Armed Forces.

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United States special operations forces

United States special operations forces (SOF) are the active and reserve component forces of the United States Army, Marine Corps, Navy and Air Force within the US military, as designated by the Secretary of Defense and specifically organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations.

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University of Hawaiʻi

The University of Hawaiʻi System (University of Hawaiʻi and popularly known as UH) is a public college and university system.

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Uppsala University

Uppsala University (UU) (Uppsala universitet) is a public research university in Uppsala, Sweden.

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Viet Cong

The Viet Cong was an epithet and umbrella term to call the communist-driven armed movement and united front organization in South Vietnam.

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Viet Nam Red Cross Society

The Viet Nam Red Cross Society, alternatively the Vietnam Red Cross Society or the Vietnamese Red Cross Society, is a member (National Society) of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and has its headquarters in Hanoi.

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Vietnam Veterans Memorial

The Vietnam Veterans Memorial, commonly called the Vietnam Memorial, is a U.S. national memorial in Washington, D.C., honoring service members of the U.S. armed forces who served in the Vietnam War.

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Vietnam War

The Vietnam War was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975.

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Vietnam War body count controversy

The Vietnam War body count controversy centers on the counting of enemy dead by the United States Armed Forces during the Vietnam War (1955–1975).

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Vietnam War Crimes Working Group

The Vietnam War Crimes Working Group (VWCWG) was a Pentagon task force set up in the wake of the My Lai massacre and its media disclosure.

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Vietnamese boat people

Vietnamese boat people (Thuyền nhân Việt Nam) were refugees who fled Vietnam by boat and ship following the end of the Vietnam War in 1975.

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Working class

The working class is a subset of employees who are compensated with wage or salary-based contracts, whose exact membership varies from definition to definition.

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Wounded in action

Wounded in action (WIA) describes combatants who have been wounded while fighting in a combat zone during wartime, but have not been killed.

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1,4-Dioxin

1,4-Dioxin (also referred as dioxin or p-dioxin) is a heterocyclic, organic, non-aromatic compound with the chemical formula CHO.

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1975 spring offensive

The 1975 spring offensive (chiến dịch mùa Xuân 1975), officially known as the general offensive and uprising of spring 1975 (Tổng tiến công và nổi dậy mùa Xuân 1975), was the final North Vietnamese campaign in the Vietnam War that led to the capitulation of Republic of Vietnam.

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2nd Marine Division (South Korea)

The 2nd Marine Infantry Division (제2해병사단; Hanja: 第2海兵師團), also known as Blue Dragon Division (청룡부대; Hanja: 青龍部隊) or more literally the Aqua (color) Dragon Division, is an infantry division of the Republic of Korea Marine Corps.

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9th Infantry Division (United States)

The 9th Infantry Division (nicknamed "Old Reliables") is an inactive infantry division of the United States Army.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_War_casualties

Also known as Casualties of the Vietnam War, Civilian casualties in the Vietnam War, Vietnam casualties, Vietnam war deaths.

, Muhammad Ali, My Lai massacre, National Academies Press, Ngo Dinh Diem, Nhân Dân, North Vietnam, OhmyNews, Operation Freedom Deal, Operation Ranch Hand, Operation Rolling Thunder, Operation Speedy Express, Oxford University Press, Paris Peace Accords, Phù Cát Air Base, Phoenix Program, Phong Nhị and Phong Nhất massacre, Population and Development Review, Prisoner of war, Project 100,000, Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam, Quảng Nam province, Quảng Ngãi province, R. J. Rummel, RAND Corporation, Re-education camp (Vietnam), Refugee, Refugee camp, Republic of China in the Vietnam War, Robert E. Cushman Jr., Robert McNamara, Search and destroy, South Vietnam, Southeast Asia, State of Vietnam, The BMJ, The Hankyoreh, The New York Times, The Walrus, Third Indochina War, Tiger Force, Unexploded ordnance, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, United States Department of Defense, United States special operations forces, University of Hawaiʻi, Uppsala University, Viet Cong, Viet Nam Red Cross Society, Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Vietnam War, Vietnam War body count controversy, Vietnam War Crimes Working Group, Vietnamese boat people, Working class, Wounded in action, 1,4-Dioxin, 1975 spring offensive, 2nd Marine Division (South Korea), 9th Infantry Division (United States).