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Women in ancient warfare, the Glossary

The role of women in ancient warfare differed from culture to culture.^[1]

292 relations: Achaemenid Empire, Adriatic Sea, Aetolia, Against Apion, Agrippina the Elder, Agron of Illyria, Ahhotep I, Ahhotep II, Alexander Romance, Alexander the Great, Amage, Amanirenas, Amazons, Ambrones, Anabasis of Alexander, Ancient Libya, Anglesey, Annals (Tacitus), Archaeology, Archidamia, Ardiaei, Ares, Ares Gynaecothoenas, Argos, Peloponnese, Arrian, Arsinoe III of Egypt, Artemisia I of Caria, Artemisia II of Caria, Asbyte, Athenaeus, Atropates, Attila, Aulus Caecina Severus, Šamši, Ba (state), Battle axe, Battle of Aquae Sextiae, Battle of Issus, Battle of Opis, Battle of Raphia, Battle of Salamis, Battle of the Persian Gate, Bebryces, Book of Judges, Book of Judith, Boston, Boudica, Bracari, Brigantes, British Museum, ... Expand index (242 more) »
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Achaemenid Empire

The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, also known as the Persian Empire or First Persian Empire (𐎧𐏁𐏂), was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC.

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Adriatic Sea

The Adriatic Sea is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan Peninsula.

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Aetolia

Aetolia (Aitōlía) is a mountainous region of Greece on the north coast of the Gulf of Corinth, forming the eastern part of the modern regional unit of Aetolia-Acarnania.

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Against Apion

Against Apion (περὶ ἀρχαιότητος Ἰουδαίων λόγος Peri Archaiotētos Ioudaiōn Logos; Latin Contra Apionem or In Apionem) is a polemical work written by Flavius Josephus as a defense of Judaism as a classical religion and philosophy against criticism by Apion, stressing its antiquity against what he perceived as more recent traditions of the Greeks.

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Agrippina the Elder

(Vipsania) Agrippina the Elder (also, in Latin, Agrippina Germanici, "Germanicus's Agrippina"; – AD 33) was a prominent member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty.

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Agron of Illyria

Agron (Ἄγρων) was an Illyrian king of the Ardiaean Kingdom in the 3rd century BC, ruling 250–231 BC.

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Ahhotep I

Ahhotep I ((.w), alternatively Anglicized Ahhotpe or Aahhotep, "Iah (the Moon) is satisfied") was an ancient Egyptian queen who lived, during the end of the Seventeenth Dynasty and beginning of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt.

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Ahhotep II

Ahhotep II was an ancient Egyptian queen, and likely the Great Royal Wife of Pharaoh Kamose.

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Alexander Romance

The Alexander Romance, once described as "antiquity's most successful novel", is an account of the life and exploits of Alexander the Great.

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Alexander the Great

Alexander III of Macedon (Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), most commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon.

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Amage

Amage (Ἀμάγη) (fl. 2nd-century) was a Sarmatian queen.

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Amanirenas

Amanirenas (also spelled Amanirena), was queen regnant of the Kingdom of Kush from the end of the 1st century BCE to beginning of the 1st century CE.

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Amazons

In Greek mythology, the Amazons (Ancient Greek:, singular; in Latin) are portrayed in a number of ancient epic poems and legends, such as the Labours of Heracles, the Argonautica and the Iliad.

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Ambrones

The Ambrones (Ἄμβρωνες) were an ancient tribe mentioned by Roman authors.

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Anabasis of Alexander

The Anabasis of Alexander (ἈλεξάνδρουἈνάβασις, Alexándrou Anábasis; Anabasis Alexandri) was composed by Arrian of Nicomedia in the second century AD, most probably during the reign of Hadrian.

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Ancient Libya

During the Iron Age and Classical antiquity, Libya (from Greek Λιβύη: Libyē, which came from Berber: Libu) referred to modern-day Africa west of the Nile river.

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Anglesey

Anglesey (Ynys Môn) is an island off the north-west coast of Wales.

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Annals (Tacitus)

The Annals (Annales) by Roman historian and senator Tacitus is a history of the Roman Empire from the reign of Tiberius to that of Nero, the years AD 14–68.

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Archaeology

Archaeology or archeology is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture.

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Archidamia

Archidamia (Ἀρχιδαμία) (c. 340-241 BC) was a Spartan queen, wife of Eudamidas I, mother of Archidamus IV and Agesistrata, grandmother of Eudamidas II, and great-grandmother of Agis IV.

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Ardiaei

The Ardiaei were an Illyrian people who resided in the territory of present-day Albania, Kosovo, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Croatia between the Adriatic coast on the south, Konjic on the north, along the Neretva river and its right bank on the west, and extending to Lake Shkodra to the southeast.

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Ares

Ares (Ἄρης, Árēs) is the Greek god of war and courage.

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Ares Gynaecothoenas

Gynaecothoenas (Γυναικοθήνας) was an epithet of the Ancient Greek war god Ares in the ancient city of Tegea in Arcadia.

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Argos, Peloponnese

Argos (Άργος; Ἄργος) is a city and former municipality in Argolis, Peloponnese, Greece and is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, and one of the oldest in Europe.

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Arrian

Arrian of Nicomedia (Greek: Ἀρριανός Arrianos; Lucius Flavius Arrianus) was a Greek historian, public servant, military commander, and philosopher of the Roman period.

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Arsinoe III of Egypt

Arsinoe III Philopator (Ἀρσινόη ἡ Φιλοπάτωρ, which means "Arsinoe the father-loving", 246 or 245 BC – 204 BC) was Queen of Ptolemaic Egypt in 220 – 204 BC.

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Artemisia I of Caria

Artemisia I of Caria (Ἀρτεμισία) was a Greek queen who reigned over Halicarnassus, an ancient Greek city-state in Anatolia.

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Artemisia II of Caria

Artemisia II of Caria (Greek: Ἀρτεμισία; died 351 BC) was a naval strategist, commander and the sister (and later spouse) and the successor of Mausolus, ruler of Caria.

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Asbyte

Asbyte (died 219 BC) was a Libyan princess in the Carthaginian army before the Second Punic War, according to Silius Italicus's poem Punica.

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Athenaeus

Athenaeus of Naucratis (Ἀθήναιος ὁ Nαυκρατίτης or Nαυκράτιος, Athēnaios Naukratitēs or Naukratios; Athenaeus Naucratita) was a Greek rhetorician and grammarian, flourishing about the end of the 2nd and beginning of the 3rd century AD.

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Atropates

Atropates (*Ātr̥pātah and Middle Persian; Ἀτροπάτης; – after 321 BC) was a Persian nobleman who served Darius III, then Alexander the Great, and eventually founded an independent kingdom and dynasty that was named after him.

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Attila

Attila, frequently called Attila the Hun, was the ruler of the Huns from 434 until his death, in early 453.

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Aulus Caecina Severus

Aulus Caecina Severus was a Roman politician and general who was consul in 1 BC.

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Šamši

Šamsi (Old Arabic:; translit) was an Arab queen who reigned in the Ancient Near East, in the 8th century BCE.

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Ba (state)

Ba (Old Chinese: *Pˤra) was an ancient state in eastern Sichuan, China.

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Battle axe

A battle axe (also battle-axe, battle ax, or battle-ax) is an axe specifically designed for combat.

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Battle of Aquae Sextiae

The Battle of Aquae Sextiae (Aix-en-Provence) took place in 102 BC.

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Battle of Issus

The Battle of Issus (also Issos) occurred in southern Anatolia, on 5 November 333 BC between the Hellenic League led by Alexander the Great and the Achaemenid Empire, led by Darius III.

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Battle of Opis

The Battle of Opis was the last major military engagement between the Achaemenid Persian Empire and the Neo-Babylonian Empire, which took place in September 539 BC, during the Persian invasion of Mesopotamia. At the time, Babylonia was the last major power in Western Asia that was not yet under Persian control.

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Battle of Raphia

The Battle of Raphia, also known as the Battle of Gaza, was fought on 22 June 217 BC near modern Rafah between the forces of Ptolemy IV Philopator, king and pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt and Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid Empire during the Syrian Wars.

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Battle of Salamis

The Battle of Salamis was a naval battle fought in 480 BC, between an alliance of Greek city-states under Themistocles, and the Achaemenid Empire under King Xerxes.

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Battle of the Persian Gate

The Battle of the Persian Gate took place as part of the Wars of Alexander the Great.

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Bebryces

The Bebryces (Βέβρυκες) were a tribe of people who lived in Bithynia.

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Book of Judges

The Book of Judges (Sefer Shoftim; Κριτές; Liber Iudicum) is the seventh book of the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament.

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Book of Judith

The Book of Judith is a deuterocanonical book included in the Septuagint and the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Christian Old Testament of the Bible but excluded from the Hebrew canon and assigned by Protestants to the apocrypha.

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Boston

Boston, officially the City of Boston, is the capital and most populous city in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States.

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Boudica

Boudica or Boudicca (from Brythonic *boudi 'victory, win' + *-kā 'having' suffix, i.e. 'Victorious Woman', known in Latin chronicles as Boadicea or Boudicea, and in Welsh as italics) was a queen of the ancient British Iceni tribe, who led a failed uprising against the conquering forces of the Roman Empire in AD 60 or 61.

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Bracari

The Bracari or Callaeci Bracari were an ancient Celtic tribe of Gallaecia, living in the northwest of modern Portugal, in the province of Minho, between the rivers Tâmega and Cávado.

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Brigantes

The Brigantes were Ancient Britons who in pre-Roman times controlled the largest section of what would become Northern England.

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British Museum

The British Museum is a public museum dedicated to human history, art and culture located in the Bloomsbury area of London.

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Bructeri

The Bructeri (from Latin; Greek: Βρούκτεροι, Broukteroi, or Βουσάκτεροι, Bousakteroi; Old English: Boruhtware) were a Germanic tribe*.

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Busa (Apulian noblewoman)

Busa was a noble Apulian woman from Canusium who lived during the third century BC.

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Caeria

Caeria (died 344/343 BC), was an Illyrian queen who reigned in the second part of the fourth century BC.

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Cartimandua

Cartimandua or Cartismandua (reigned) was a 1st-century queen of the Brigantes, a Celtic people living in modern-day northern England.

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Celtic settlement of Southeast Europe

Gallic groups, originating from the various La Tène chiefdoms, began a southeastern movement into the Balkans from the 4th century BC.

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Chandragupta Maurya

Chandragupta Maurya (350–295 BCE) was the Emperor of Magadha from 322 BC to 297 BC and founder of the Maurya dynasty which ruled over a geographically-extensive empire based in Magadha.

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Chilonis (daughter of Leotychidas)

Chilonis (Χιλονίς) was a Spartan princess, daughter of Leotychidas, wife of Cleonymus, then Acrotatus, with whom she had Areus II.

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Chiomara

Chiomara (2nd-century BC) was a Galatian noblewoman and the wife of Orgiagon, chieftain of the Tectosagi, one of three Galatian tribes during the Galatian War with Rome, of 189 BC.

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Chronicon (Eusebius)

The Chronicon or Chronicle (Greek: Παντοδαπὴ ἱστορία Pantodape historia, "Universal history") was a work in two books by Eusebius of Caesarea.

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Chu–Han Contention

The Chu–Han Contention, also known as the Chu–Han War, was an interregnum period in Imperial China between the fall of the Qin dynasty and the establishment of the Western Han dynasty.

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Cimbrian language

Cimbrian (zimbar,; Zimbrisch; cimbro) is any of several local Upper German varieties spoken in parts of the Italian regions of Trentino and Veneto.

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Cisalpine Gaul

Cisalpine Gaul (Gallia Cisalpina, also called Gallia Citerior or Gallia Togata) was the name given, especially during the 4th and 3rd centuries BC, to a region of land inhabited by Celts (Gauls), corresponding to what is now most of northern Italy.

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Claudius Aelianus

Claudius Aelianus (Κλαύδιος Αἰλιανός, Greek transliteration Kláudios Ailianós), commonly Aelian, born at Praeneste, was a Roman author and teacher of rhetoric who flourished under Septimius Severus and probably outlived Elagabalus, who died in 222.

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Cleopatra II

Cleopatra II Philometor Soteira (Greek: Κλεοπάτρα Φιλομήτωρ Σωτείρα, Kleopatra Philomētōr Sōteira; c. 185 BC – 116/115 BC) was a queen of Ptolemaic Egypt who ruled from 175 to 115 BC with two successive brother-husbands and her daughter—often in rivalry with her brother Ptolemy VIII.

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Cleopatra III

Cleopatra III (Κλεοπάτρα; c.160–101 BC) was a queen of Egypt.

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Cleophis

Cleophis (Sanskrit: Kripa) was an Assacani queen and key figure in the war between the Assacani people and Alexander the Great.

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Cloelia

Cloelia (Κλοιλία) was a legendary woman from the early history of ancient Rome.

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Consort Yu (Xiang Yu's wife)

Consort Yu (died 202 BC), also known as "Yu the Beauty", was the wife of the warlord Xiang Yu, who competed with Liu Bang (Emperor Gao), the founder of the Han dynasty, for supremacy over China in the Chu–Han Contention (206–202 BC).

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Cordelia of Britain

Cordelia (or Cordeilla) was a legendary Queen of the Britons, as recounted by Geoffrey of Monmouth.

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Cratesipolis

Cratesipolis (Kρατησίπoλις meaning "conqueror of the city") was the ruler of Sicyon and Corinth in 314-308 BC.

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Ctesias

Ctesias (Κτησίᾱς; fl. fifth century BC), also known as Ctesias of Cnidus, was a Greek physician and historian from the town of Cnidus in Caria, then part of the Achaemenid Empire.

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Cynane

Cynane (Kυνάνη, Kynane or Κύνα, Cyna or Κύννα, Cynna; 357 – 323 BC) was half-sister to Alexander the Great, and daughter of Philip II by Audata, an Illyrian princess.

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Cyrus the Great

Cyrus II of Persia (𐎤𐎢𐎽𐎢𐏁), commonly known as Cyrus the Great, was the founder of the Achaemenid Persian Empire.

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Dardanus (city)

Dardanus or Dardanum (Δάρδανος, Dardanos, the feminine form; Δάρδανον., Dardanon, the neuter) was an ancient city in the Troad.

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Darius III

Darius III (𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁; Δαρεῖος; c. 380 – 330 BC) was the last Achaemenid King of Kings of Persia, reigning from 336 BC to his death in 330 BC.

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Deborah

According to the Book of Judges, Deborah (דְּבוֹרָה, Dəḇōrā) was a prophetess of Judaism, the fourth Judge of pre-monarchic Israel and the only female judge mentioned in the Hebrew Bible.

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Decimus Junius Brutus Callaicus

Decimus Junius Brutus Callaicus (or Gallaecus or Callaecus; c. 180113 BC) was a consul of the Roman Republic for the year 138 BC together with Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica Serapio.

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Deipnosophistae

The Deipnosophistae is an early 3rd-century AD Greek work (Δειπνοσοφισταί, Deipnosophistaí, lit. "The Dinner Sophists/Philosophers/Experts") by the Greek author Athenaeus of Naucratis.

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Deity

A deity or god is a supernatural being considered to be sacred and worthy of worship due to having authority over the universe, nature or human life.

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Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology

The Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology is a biographical dictionary of classical antiquity, edited by William Smith and originally published in London by Taylor, Walton (and Maberly) and John Murray from 1844 to 1849 in three volumes of more than 3,700 pages.

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Diodorus Siculus

Diodorus Siculus or Diodorus of Sicily (Diódōros; 1st century BC) was an ancient Greek historian.

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Docimus

Antigonos Dokimos, commonly shortened and Latinized as Docimus (Δόκιμoς; lived 4th century BC), was one of the officers in the Macedonian army.

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Domnica

Domnica was a Roman empress as the wife of the emperor Valens, who ruled the East from 364 to 378.

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Druid

A druid was a member of the high-ranking priestly class in ancient Celtic cultures.

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Drypetis

Drypetis (died 323 BCE) was the daughter of Stateira I and Darius III of Persia.

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Duchess Mu of Xu

Duchess Mu of Xu (fl. 7th century BC) was a princess of the State of Wey who married Duke Mu of Xu (許穆公; Xu Mu Gong), the ruler of the State of Xǔ.

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Egypt

Egypt (مصر), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and the Sinai Peninsula in the southwest corner of Asia.

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Empress Jingū

was a legendary Japanese empress who ruled as a regent following her husband's death in 200 AD.

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Epipole of Carystus

In Greek mythology, Epipole (Ἐπιπολή) was a daughter of Trachion, of Carystus in Euboea.

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Euripides

Euripides was a tragedian of classical Athens.

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Eurydice II of Macedon

Eurydice (Greek: Εὐρυδίκη Eurydikē; 337–317 BC), often referred to as Adea Eurydice, was the Queen consort of Macedon, wife of Philip III and daughter of Amyntas IV and Cynane.

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Eusebius

Eusebius of Caesarea (Εὐσέβιος τῆς Καισαρείας; 260/265 – 30 May 339), also known as Eusebius Pamphilus (from the Εὐσέβιος τοῦ Παμφίλου), was a Greek Syro-Palestinian historian of Christianity, exegete, and Christian polemicist.

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Faustina the Younger

Annia Galeria Faustina the Younger (AD, – 175/176 AD) was Roman empress from 161 to her death as the wife of emperor Marcus Aurelius, her maternal cousin.

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Fu Hao

Fu Hao died 1200 BC, posthumous temple name Mu Xin (母辛), was one of the many wives of King Wu Ding of the Shang dynasty and also served as a military general and high priestess.

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Fu Jing (Shang dynasty)

Fu Jing was a Shang dynasty queen of Wu Ding and recipient of the Houmuwu sacrificial vessel.

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Fulvia

Fulvia (d. 40 BC) was an aristocratic Roman woman who lived during the Late Roman Republic.

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Gaius Suetonius Paulinus

Gaius Suetonius Paulinus (fl. AD 40–69) was a Roman general best known as the commander who defeated Boudica and her army during the Boudican revolt.

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Galatians (people)

The Galatians (Galátai; Galatae, Galati, Gallograeci; lit) were a Celtic people dwelling in Galatia, a region of central Anatolia in modern-day Turkey surrounding Ankara during the Hellenistic period.

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Genevieve

Genevieve (Sainte Geneviève; Genovefa; also called Genovefa and Genofeva; 419/422 AD – 502/512 AD) was a consecrated virgin, and is the patron saint of Paris in the Catholic and Orthodox traditions.

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Geoffrey of Monmouth

Geoffrey of Monmouth (Galfridus Monemutensis, Galfridus Arturus; Gruffudd ap Arthur, Sieffre o Fynwy) was a Catholic cleric from Monmouth, Wales, and one of the major figures in the development of British historiography and the popularity of tales of King Arthur.

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Geographica

The Geographica (Γεωγραφικά, Geōgraphiká; Geographica or Strabonis Rerum Geographicarum Libri XVII, "Strabo's 17 Books on Geographical Topics") or Geography, is an encyclopedia of geographical knowledge, consisting of 17 'books', written in Greek in the late 1st century BC, or early 1st century AD, and attributed to Strabo, an educated citizen of the Roman Empire of Greek descent.

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Germanic peoples

The Germanic peoples were tribal groups who once occupied Northwestern and Central Europe and Scandinavia during antiquity and into the early Middle Ages.

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Giovanni Boccaccio

Giovanni Boccaccio (16 June 1313 – 21 December 1375) was an Italian writer, poet, correspondent of Petrarch, and an important Renaissance humanist.

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Goths

The Goths (translit; Gothi, Gótthoi) were Germanic people who played a major role in the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the emergence of medieval Europe.

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Goujian

Goujian (reigned 496–465 BC) was the king of the Kingdom of Yue (越國, present-day northern Zhejiang) near the end of the Spring and Autumn period (春秋).

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Gupta Empire

The Gupta Empire was an ancient Indian empire on the Indian subcontinent which existed from the mid 3rd century CE to mid 6th century CE.

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Halicarnassus

Halicarnassus (Latin: Halicarnassus or Halicarnāsus; Ἁλῐκαρνᾱσσός, Halikarnāssós; Halikarnas; Carian: 𐊠𐊣𐊫𐊰 𐊴𐊠𐊥𐊵𐊫𐊰 alos k̂arnos) was an ancient Greek city in Caria, in Anatolia.

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Hannibal

Hannibal (translit; 247 – between 183 and 181 BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman who commanded the forces of Carthage in their battle against the Roman Republic during the Second Punic War.

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Hatshepsut

Hatshepsut (BC) was the Great Royal Wife of Pharaoh Thutmose II and the fifth Pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt, ruling first as regent, then as queen regnant from until (Low Chronology).

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Hebrew Bible judges

The judges (sing. šop̄ēṭ, pl. שופטים) whose stories are recounted in the Hebrew Bible, primarily in the Book of Judges, were individuals who served as military leaders of the tribes of Israel in times of crisis, in the period before the monarchy was established.

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Helü of Wu

Helü or Helu was king of the state of Wu from 514 to 496 BC, toward the end of the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China.

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Heracleides of Cyme

Heracleides (or Heraclides) of Cyme (Ἡρακλείδης ὁ Κυμαῖος; fl. 350 B.C.) is a little-attested Greek historian who wrote a multivolume Persica, or history of Persia, not extant.

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Herodotus

Herodotus (Ἡρόδοτος||; BC) was a Greek historian and geographer from the Greek city of Halicarnassus, part of the Persian Empire (now Bodrum, Turkey) and a later citizen of Thurii in modern Calabria, Italy.

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Hetaira

A,, also, (ἑταίρα, 'companion';: ἑταῖραι; hetaera;: hetaerae), was a type of courtesan or prostitute in ancient Greece, who served as an artist, entertainer and conversationalist in addition to providing sexual service.

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Hippocrates

Hippocrates of Kos (Hippokrátēs ho Kôios), also known as Hippocrates II, was a Greek physician and philosopher of the classical period who is considered one of the most outstanding figures in the history of medicine.

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Histories (Herodotus)

The Histories (Ἱστορίαι, Historíai; also known as The History) of Herodotus is considered the founding work of history in Western literature.

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History of India

Anatomically modern humans first arrived on the Indian subcontinent between 73,000 and 55,000 years ago.

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History of Rome (Livy)

The History of Rome, perhaps originally titled Annales, and frequently referred to as Ab Urbe Condita (From the Founding of the City), is a monumental history of ancient Rome, written in Latin between 27 and 9 BC by the Roman historian Titus Livius, better known in English as "Livy".

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Ho Chi Minh City

Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC; Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh), commonly referred to by its former name Saigon (Sài Gòn), is the most populous city in Vietnam, with a population of around 10 million in 2023.

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Holofernes

In the deuterocanonical Book of Judith, Holofernes (Ὀλοφέρνης; הולופרנס) was an invading Assyrian general, who was beheaded by Judith, a Jewish widow who entered his camp and decapitated him while he was drunk.

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Hua Mulan

Hua Mulan is a legendary Chinese folk heroine from the Northern and Southern dynasties era (4th to 6th century CE) of Chinese history.

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Hydna

Hydna of Scione (alternately called Hydne or Cyana) (fl. 480 BC) was an Ancient Greek swimmer and diver given credit for contributing to the destruction of the Persian navy in 480 BC.

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Hypsicratea

Hypsicratea or Hypsikrateia (Ancient Greek: Ὑψικράτεια), was the concubine, and perhaps wife, of King Mithridates VI of Pontus.

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Iberians

The Iberians (Hibērī, from Ἴβηρες, Iberes) were an ancient people settled in the eastern and southern coasts of the Iberian peninsula, at least from the 6th century BCE.

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Iceni

The Iceni or Eceni were an ancient tribe of eastern Britain during the Iron Age and early Roman era.

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Illiturgis

Illiturgis, also known as Iliturgi, was a city in Spain during antiquity, located on the road from Corduba to Castulo.

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Illyria

In classical and late antiquity, Illyria (Ἰλλυρία, Illyría or Ἰλλυρίς, Illyrís; Illyria, Illyricum) was a region in the western part of the Balkan Peninsula inhabited by numerous tribes of people collectively known as the Illyrians.

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Illyrian language

The Illyrian language was an Indo-European language or group of languages spoken by the Illyrians in Southeast Europe during antiquity.

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Illyrian warfare

The history of the Illyrians spans from the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC up to the 1st century AD in the region of Illyria and in southern Italy where the Iapygian civilization flourished.

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Issus (Cilicia)

Issus (Latin; Phoenician: Sissu) or Issos (Ἰσσός, Issós, or Ἰσσοί, Issoí) was an ancient settlement on the strategic coastal plain straddling the small Pinarus river (a fast melt-water stream several metres wide) below the navigationally difficult inland mountains towering above to the east in the Turkish Province of Hatay, near the border with Syria.

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Jabin

Jabin (יָבִין Yāḇīn) is a Biblical name meaning 'discerner', or 'the wise'.

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Joannes Zonaras

Joannes or John Zonaras (Ἰωάννης Ζωναρᾶς; 1070 – 1140) was a Byzantine Greek historian, chronicler and theologian who lived in Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul, Turkey).

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John Opie

John Opie (16 May 1761 – 9 April 1807) was an English historical and portrait painter.

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Josephus

Flavius Josephus (Ἰώσηπος,; AD 37 – 100) was a Roman–Jewish historian and military leader.

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Julia Domna

Julia Domna (– 217 AD) was Roman empress from 193 to 211 as the wife of Emperor Septimius Severus.

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Justin (historian)

Justin (Marcus Junianus Justinus Frontinus; fl. century) was a Latin writer and historian who lived under the Roman Empire.

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Kandake

Kandake, kadake or kentake (Meroitic: 𐦲𐦷𐦲𐦡 kdke),Kirsty Rowan, Beitrage zur Sudanforschung 10 (2009).

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Kangju

Kangju (Eastern Han Chinese: kʰɑŋ-kɨɑ Schuessler, Axel (2014) "Phonological Notes on Hàn Period Transcriptions of Foreign Names and Words" in Studies in Chinese and Sino-Tibetan Linguistics: Dialect, Phonology, Transcription and Text. Series: Language and Linguistics Monograph. Issue 53.

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Karnak

The Karnak Temple Complex, commonly known as Karnak, comprises a vast mix of temples, pylons, chapels, and other buildings near Luxor, Egypt.

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Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a landlocked country mostly in Central Asia, with a part in Eastern Europe.

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King Lear

King Lear is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare.

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Kingdom of Kush

The Kingdom of Kush (Egyptian: 𓎡𓄿𓈙𓈉 kꜣš, Assyrian: Kûsi, in LXX Χους or Αἰθιοπία; ⲉϭⲱϣ Ecōš; כּוּשׁ Kūš), also known as the Kushite Empire, or simply Kush, was an ancient kingdom in Nubia, centered along the Nile Valley in what is now northern Sudan and southern Egypt.

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Lady Triệu

Lady Triệu (Bà Triệu,, Chữ Nôm: 婆趙 226 – 248) or Triệu Ẩu (Chữ Hán: 趙嫗) was a female warrior in 3rd century Vietnam who managed, for a time, to resist the rule of the Chinese Eastern Wu dynasty.

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Lampsace

In Greek legendary history, Lampsace or Lampsake (Λαμψάκη) was the eponym of the city Lampsacus, honored as a heroine and later deified.

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Lampsacus

Lampsacus (translit) was an ancient Greek city strategically located on the eastern side of the Hellespont in the northern Troad.

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Li Xiu

Li Xiu (李秀), also known as Yang Niang and Li Shuxian (李淑贤), was a Chinese military commander during the Jin Dynasty.

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Livy

Titus Livius (59 BC – AD 17), known in English as Livy, was a Roman historian.

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Locrinus

Locrinus was a legendary king of the Britons, as recounted by the 12th-century chronicler Geoffrey of Monmouth in his Historia Regum Britanniae.

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Lucius Vitellius (consul 48)

Lucius Vitellius (died December 69) was a Roman senator who lived in the 1st century.

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Lusitania

Lusitania was an ancient Iberian Roman province encompassing most of modern-day Portugal (south of the Douro River) and a large portion of western Spain (the present Extremadura and Province of Salamanca).

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Ma Chao

Ma Chao (176–222), courtesy name Mengqi, was a Chinese military general and warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty and early Three Kingdoms period of China.

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Machlyes

The Machlyes (Μάχλυες) were a legendary ancient Libyan tribe.

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Mandala 1

The first Mandala ("book") of the Rigveda has 191 hymns.

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Mandala 10

The tenth mandala, or chapter, of the Rigveda contains 191 hymns.

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Mania (satrap)

Mania or Manya (Μανία; c. 440 BC – c. 399 BC), known primarily through Xenophon, was a Dardanian sub-satrap as the tyrant ruler of ancient Dardanus in Asia Minor.

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Massagetae

The Massagetae or Massageteans, also known as Sakā tigraxaudā or Orthocorybantians, were an ancient Eastern Iranian Saka people who inhabited the steppes of Central Asia and were part of the wider Scythian cultures.

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Matriarchy

Matriarchy is a social system in which positions of responsibility, dominance and privilege are held by women.

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Mawiyya

Mavia (ماوية, Māwiyya; also transliterated Mawia, Mawai, or Mawaiy, and sometimes referred to as Mania or Mavia of Tanukh) was an Arab queen, who ruled over the Tanukhids, a confederation of semi-nomadic Arabs, in southern Syria, in the latter half of the fourth century.

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Messene (mythology)

In Greek mythology, Messene (Ancient Greek: Μεσσήνη) was the daughter of Triopas, king of Argos (or, alternately, daughter of Phorbas and sister of Triopas).

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Moche culture

The Moche civilization (alternatively, the Moche culture or the Early, Pre- or Proto-Chimú) flourished in northern Peru with its capital near present-day Moche, Trujillo, Peru from about 100 to 700 AD during the Regional Development Epoch.

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Monguor people

The Monguor (Monguor language: Mongghul), the Tu people, the White Mongol or the Tsagaan Mongol, are Mongolic people and one of the 56 officially recognized ethnic groups in China.

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Mother Lü

Mother Lü (died 18 AD) was a rebel leader against the Xin dynasty of China.

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NBC News

NBC News is the news division of the American broadcast television network NBC.

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Neo-Assyrian Empire

The Neo-Assyrian Empire was the fourth and penultimate stage of ancient Assyrian history.

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Nubia

Nubia (Nobiin: Nobīn) is a region along the Nile river encompassing the area between the first cataract of the Nile (south of Aswan in southern Egypt) and the confluence of the Blue and White Niles (in Khartoum in central Sudan), or more strictly, Al Dabbah.

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Nubians

Nubians (Nobiin: Nobī) are a Nilo-Saharan speaking ethnic group indigenous to the region which is now northern Sudan and southern Egypt.

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Olympias

Olympias (Ὀλυμπιάς; c. 375–316 BC) was a Greek princess of the Molossians, the eldest daughter of king Neoptolemus I of Epirus, the sister of Alexander I of Epirus, the fourth wife of Philip II, the king of Macedonia and the mother of Alexander the Great.

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Onomaris

Onomaris was a Celtic queen regnant.

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Oracle bone

Oracle bones are pieces of ox scapula and turtle plastron which were used in pyromancya form of divinationduring the Late Shang period in ancient China.

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Palmyra

Palmyra (Palmyrene:, romanized: Tadmor; Tadmur) is an ancient city in the eastern part of the Levant, now in the center of modern Syria.

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Pantea Arteshbod

Pantea Arteshbod (fl. 539 BCE), was a Persian military commander during the reign of Cyrus The Great.

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Parallel Lives

The Parallel Lives (Βίοι Παράλληλοι, Bíoi Parállēloi; Vītae Parallēlae) is a series of 48 biographies of famous men written by the Greco-Roman philosopher, historian, and Apollonian priest Plutarch, probably at the beginning of the second century.

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Parandzem

Parandzem (translit; died winter 369/70) was the consort of King Arshak II of Armenia.

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Pausanias (geographer)

Pausanias (Παυσανίας) was a Greek traveler and geographer of the second century AD.

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Peking opera

Peking opera, or Beijing opera, is the most dominant form of Chinese opera, which combines instrumental music, vocal performance, mime, martial arts, dance and acrobatics.

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Persepolis

Persepolis (Pārsa) was the ceremonial capital of the Achaemenid Empire.

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Perusine War

The Perusine War (also Perusian or Perusinian War, or the War of Perusia) was a civil war of the Roman Republic, which lasted from 41 to 40 BC.

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Petelia

Petilia or Petelia (Πετηλία) was a city name found in some ancient works of classical antiquity.

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Phùng Thị Chính

Phùng Thị Chính was a Vietnamese noblewoman who fought alongside the Trưng sisters in order to repel Han invaders from Vietnam in 43 CE.

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Pheretima (Cyrenaean queen)

Pheretima or Pheretime (Φερετίμα, Φερετίμη, died 515 BC), was the wife of the Greek Cyrenaean King Battus III and the last recorded queen of the Battiad dynasty in Cyrenaica.

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Phila (daughter of Antipater)

Phila (Greek: Φίλα; died 287 BC), daughter of Antipater, the regent of Macedonia, is celebrated by the ancient sources as one of the noblest and most virtuous women of the age in which she lived.

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Photios I of Constantinople

Photios I (Φώτιος, Phōtios; c. 810/820 – 6 February 893), also spelled PhotiusFr.

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Phum Snay

Phum Snay (ភូមិស្នាយ) is an Iron Age archaeological site discovered in May 2000 in Preah Neat Prey District, Banteay Meanchey Province, Northwest Cambodia, around from the temple ruins of Angkor.

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Pinnes (Ardiaean)

Pinnes (Πίννης; also Pinnius; c. 230 – 217 BC) was the son of Agron, king of the Ardiaei in Illyria, and Agron's first wife Triteuta.

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Plutarch

Plutarch (Πλούταρχος, Ploútarchos;; – after AD 119) was a Greek Middle Platonist philosopher, historian, biographer, essayist, and priest at the Temple of Apollo in Delphi.

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Polyaenus

Polyaenus or Polyenus (see ae (æ) vs. e; Polyainos, "much-praised") was a 2nd-century CE Greek author, known best for his Stratagems in War (Strategemata), which has been preserved.

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Polyperchon

Polyperchon (sometimes written Polysperchon; Πολυπέρχων; b. between 390–380 BC – d. after 304 BC,Heckel, W., 'The Marshals of Alexander's Empire' (1992), p. 204 possibly into 3rd century BC),Billows, R., 'Antigonos the One-Eyed and the Creation of the Hellenistic State' (1990), p.

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Princess Sela

Princess Sela (active 400–420 A.D.) was a Norwegian pirate and one of the first known female pirates.

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Project Gutenberg

Project Gutenberg (PG) is a volunteer effort to digitize and archive cultural works, as well as to "encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks." It was founded in 1971 by American writer Michael S. Hart and is the oldest digital library.

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Psychological warfare

Psychological warfare (PSYWAR), or the basic aspects of modern psychological operations (PsyOp), has been known by many other names or terms, including Military Information Support Operations (MISO), Psy Ops, political warfare, "Hearts and Minds", and propaganda.

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Ptolemaic Kingdom

The Ptolemaic Kingdom (Ptolemaïkḕ basileía) or Ptolemaic Empire was an Ancient Greek polity based in Egypt during the Hellenistic period.

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Ptolemy I Soter

Ptolemy I Soter (Πτολεμαῖος Σωτήρ, Ptolemaîos Sōtḗr "Ptolemy the Savior"; c. 367 BC – January 282 BC) was a Macedonian Greek general, historian, and successor of Alexander the Great who went on to found the Ptolemaic Kingdom centered on Egypt and led by his progeny from 305 BC – 30 BC.

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Ptolemy IV Philopator

Ptolemy IV Philopator (Ptolemaĩos Philopátōr; "Ptolemy, lover of his Father"; May/June 244 – July/August 204 BC) was the fourth pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt from 221 to 204 BC.

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Punic people

The Punic people, usually known as the Carthaginians (and sometimes as Western Phoenicians), were a Semitic people who migrated from Phoenicia to the Western Mediterranean during the Early Iron Age.

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Punica (poem)

The Punica is a Latin epic poem in seventeen books in dactylic hexameter written by Silius Italicus (c. 28 – c. 103 AD), comprising some twelve thousand lines (12,202, to be exact, if one includes a probably spurious passage in book 8).

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Pyrrhic victory

A Pyrrhic victory is a victory that inflicts such a devastating toll on the victor that it is tantamount to defeat.

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Pyrrhus of Epirus

Pyrrhus (Πύρρος; 319/318–272 BC) was a Greek king and statesman of the Hellenistic period.

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Pythagoreanism

Pythagoreanism originated in the 6th century BC, based on and around the teachings and beliefs held by Pythagoras and his followers, the Pythagoreans.

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Qiang people

The Qiang people (Qiangic: Rrmea) are an ethnic group in China.

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Queen Gwendolen

Gwendolen, also known as Gwendolin, or Gwendolyn (Latin: Guendoloēna) was a legendary ruler of ancient Britain.

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Regent

In a monarchy, a regent is a person appointed to govern a state for the time being because the actual monarch is a minor, absent, incapacitated or unable to discharge their powers and duties, or the throne is vacant and a new monarch has not yet been determined.

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Revolt of the Batavi

The Revolt of the Batavi took place in the Roman province of Germania Inferior ("Lower Germania") between AD 69 and 70.

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Rhine

--> The Rhine is one of the major European rivers.

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Rhodogune of Parthia

Rhodogune (Ῥοδογούνη; 2nd century BCE) was a queen of the Seleucid Empire by marriage to Demetrius II Nicator.

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Rigveda

The Rigveda or Rig Veda (ऋग्वेद,, from ऋच्, "praise" and वेद, "knowledge") is an ancient Indian collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns (sūktas).

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Roman Republic

The Roman Republic (Res publica Romana) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom (traditionally dated to 509 BC) and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire following the War of Actium.

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Roman triumph

The Roman triumph (triumphus) was a civil ceremony and religious rite of ancient Rome, held to publicly celebrate and sanctify the success of a military commander who had led Roman forces to victory in the service of the state or, in some historical traditions, one who had successfully completed a foreign war.

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Russia

Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia.

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Saka

The Saka were a group of nomadic Eastern Iranian peoples who historically inhabited the northern and eastern Eurasian Steppe and the Tarim Basin.

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Salamanca

Salamanca is a municipality and city in Spain, capital of the province of the same name, located in the autonomous community of Castile and León.

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Salamis, Cyprus

Salamis (Σαλαμίς; Σαλαμίνα; Salamis) was an ancient Greek city-state on the east coast of Cyprus, at the mouth of the river Pedieos, 6 km north of modern Famagusta.

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Sarmatians

The Sarmatians (Sarmatai; Latin: Sarmatae) were a large confederation of ancient Iranian equestrian nomadic peoples who dominated the Pontic steppe from about the 3rd century BC to the 4th century AD.

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Sasanian Empire

The Sasanian Empire or Sassanid Empire, and officially known as Eranshahr ("Land/Empire of the Iranians"), was the last Iranian empire before the early Muslim conquests of the 7th to 8th centuries.

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Sauromatian culture

The Sauromatian culture (Savromatskaya kulʹtura) was an Iron Age culture of horse nomads in the area of the lower Volga River to the southern Ural Mountain, in southern Russia, dated to the 6th to 4th centuries BCE.

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Saxo Grammaticus

Saxo Grammaticus, also known as Saxo cognomine Longus, was a Danish historian, theologian and author.

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Scholia

Scholia (scholium or scholion, from σχόλιον, "comment", "interpretation") are grammatical, critical, or explanatory comments – original or copied from prior commentaries – which are inserted in the margin of the manuscript of ancient authors, as glosses.

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Scipio Africanus

Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus (236/235–) was a Roman general and statesman, most notable as one of the main architects of Rome's victory against Carthage in the Second Punic War.

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Scythia

Scythia (Scythian: Skulatā; Old Persian: Skudra; Ancient Greek: Skuthia; Latin: Scythia) or Scythica (Ancient Greek: Skuthikē; Latin: Scythica), also known as Pontic Scythia, was a kingdom created by the Scythians during the 6th to 3rd centuries BC in the Pontic–Caspian steppe.

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Scythians

The Scythians or Scyths (but note Scytho- in composition) and sometimes also referred to as the Pontic Scythians, were an ancient Eastern Iranic equestrian nomadic people who had migrated during the 9th to 8th centuries BC from Central Asia to the Pontic Steppe in modern-day Ukraine and Southern Russia, where they remained established from the 7th century BC until the 3rd century BC.

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Sea of Azov

The Sea of Azov is an inland shelf sea in Eastern Europe connected to the Black Sea by the narrow (about) Strait of Kerch, and sometimes regarded as a northern extension of the Black Sea.

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Sea of Marmara

The Sea of Marmara, also known as the Sea of Marmora or the Marmara Sea, is a small inland sea located entirely within the borders of Turkey.

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Seleucus II Callinicus

Seleucus II Callinicus Pogon (Σέλευκος Β΄ ὁ Καλλίνικος ὁ Πώγων; Kallinikos means "beautifully triumphant"; Pogon means "the Beard"; July/August 265 BC – December 225 BC), was a ruler of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire, who reigned from 246 BC to 225 BC.

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Semiramis

Semiramis (ܫܲܡܝܼܪܵܡ Šammīrām, Շամիրամ Šamiram, Σεμίραμις, سميراميس Samīrāmīs) was the legendary Lydian-Babylonian wife of Onnes and of Ninus, who succeeded the latter on the throne of Assyria, according to Movses Khorenatsi.

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Septimius Severus

Lucius Septimius Severus (11 April 145 – 4 February 211) was a Roman politician who served as emperor from 193 to 211.

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Shammuramat

Shammuramat (Akkadian: Sammu-rāmat or Sammu-ramāt), also known as Sammuramat or Shamiram and Semiramis, was a powerful queen of the Neo-Assyrian Empire.

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Shang dynasty

The Shang dynasty, also known as the Yin dynasty, was a Chinese royal dynasty that ruled in the Yellow River valley during the second millennium BC, traditionally succeeding the Xia dynasty and followed by the Western Zhou dynasty.

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Shang Yang

Shang Yang (c. 390 – 338 BC), also known as Wei Yang and originally surnamed Gongsun, was a statesman, chancellor and reformer of the State of Qin.

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Shanghai

Shanghai is a direct-administered municipality and the most populous urban area in China.

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Shapur I

Shapur I (also spelled Shabuhr I; Šābuhr) was the second Sasanian King of Kings of Iran.

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Sicily

Sicily (Sicilia,; Sicilia,, officially Regione Siciliana) is an island in the central Mediterranean Sea, south of the Italian Peninsula in continental Europe and is one of the 20 regions of Italy.

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Siege of Saguntum

The siege of Saguntum took place in 219 BC between the Carthaginians and the Saguntines at the town of Saguntum, near the modern town of Sagunto in the province of Valencia, Spain.

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Silius Italicus

Tiberius Catius Asconius Silius Italicus (c. 26 – c. 101 AD) was a Roman senator, orator and epic poet of the Silver Age of Latin literature.

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Sisygambis

Sisygambis (Σισύγαμβις; died 323 BCE) was the mother of Darius III of Persia, whose reign was ended during the wars of Alexander the Great.

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Sparta

Sparta was a prominent city-state in Laconia in ancient Greece.

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Stateira (wife of Alexander the Great)

Stateira (Στάτειρα; died 323 BC), possibly also known as Homa, was the daughter of Stateira and Darius III of Persia.

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Stateira (wife of Darius III)

Stateira (Στάτειρα; 370 BC – early 332 BC) was a queen of Persia as the wife of Darius III of Persia of the Achaemenid dynasty.

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Stele

A stele,From Greek στήλη, stēlē, plural στήλαι stēlai; the plural in English is sometimes stelai based on direct transliteration of the Greek, sometimes stelae or stelæ based on the inflection of Greek nouns in Latin, and sometimes anglicized to steles.) or occasionally stela (stelas or stelæ) when derived from Latin, is a stone or wooden slab, generally taller than it is wide, erected in the ancient world as a monument.

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Stephanus of Byzantium

Stephanus or Stephen of Byzantium (Stephanus Byzantinus; Στέφανος Βυζάντιος, Stéphanos Byzántios; centuryAD) was a Byzantine grammarian and the author of an important geographical dictionary entitled Ethnica (Ἐθνικά).

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Strabo

StraboStrabo (meaning "squinty", as in strabismus) was a term employed by the Romans for anyone whose eyes were distorted or deformed.

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Stratonice (wife of Antigonus)

Stratonice (Stratoníkē; fl. 4th century BC) was daughter of Corrhaeus (Κορῥαῖος, Korrhaĩos, a Macedonian otherwise unknown), and wife of Antigonus I, king of Asia, by whom she became the mother of two sons, Demetrius Poliorcetes and Philip, who died in 306 BC.

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Stratonice of Macedon

Stratonice (Στρατονίκη, Stratoníkē; lived in the 3rd century BC) of Macedonia was the daughter of Stratonice of Syria and of the Seleucid king Antiochus I Soter (281–261 BC).

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Suetonius

Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus, commonly referred to as Suetonius (– after AD 122), was a Roman historian who wrote during the early Imperial era of the Roman Empire.

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Sun Tzu

Sun Tzu (p) was a Chinese military general, strategist, philosopher, and writer who lived during the Eastern Zhou period (771–256 BC).

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Tabriz

Tabriz (تبریز) is a city in the Central District of Tabriz County, in the East Azerbaijan province of northwestern Iran.

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Tacitus

Publius Cornelius Tacitus, known simply as Tacitus (–), was a Roman historian and politician.

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Tegea

Tegea (Τεγέα) was a settlement in ancient Arcadia, and it is also a former municipality in Arcadia, Peloponnese, Greece.

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Telesilla

Telesilla (Τελέσιλλα) was an ancient Greek lyric poet from Argos, active in the fifth century BC.

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Terracina

Terracina is an Italian city and comune of the province of Latina, located on the coast southeast of Rome on the Via Appia (by rail).

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Teuta

Teuta (Illyrian: *Teutana, 'mistress of the people, queen'; Τεύτα; Teuta) was the queen regent of the Ardiaei tribe in Illyria, who reigned approximately from 231 BC to 228/227 BC.

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Teutons

The Teutons (Teutones, Teutoni, Τεύτονες) were an ancient northern European tribe mentioned by Roman authors.

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Thaïs

Thaïs (Θαΐς) was a Greek who accompanied Alexander the Great on his military campaigns.

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Thalestris

According to the mythological Greek Alexander Romance, Queen Thalestris (Θάληστρις) of the Amazons brought 300 women to Alexander the Great, hoping to breed a race of children as strong and intelligent as he.

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The Book of Lord Shang

The Book of Lord Shang is an ancient Chinese text from the 3rd century BC, regarded as a foundational work of "Chinese Legalism".

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Thebes, Greece

Thebes (Θήβα, Thíva; Θῆβαι, Thêbai.) is a city in Boeotia, Central Greece, and is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.

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Tianchan Theatre

The Tianchan Peking Opera Center and Yifu Theater, commonly known as Tianchan Yifu Theater, or just Tianchan, Yifu, or Tianchan Theater, is a theater in Shanghai, China.

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Tiglath-Pileser III

Tiglath-Pileser III (𒆪𒋾𒀀𒂍𒈗𒊏|translit.

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Timoclea

Timoclea or Timocleia of Thebes (Τιμοκλεία) is a woman whose story is told by Plutarch in his Life of Alexander, and at greater length in his Mulierum virtutes ("Virtues of Women").

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Timycha

Timycha of Sparta (Τιμύχα Λακεδαιμονία; early 4th century BC), was a Pythagorean philosopher mentioned by Iamblichus in his Life of Pythagoras: The temperance also of those men, and how Pythagoras taught this virtue, may be learnt from what Hippobotus and Neanthes narrate of Myllias and Timycha who were Pythagoreans.

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Tomyris

Tomyris (Saka:; Tomuris; Tomyris) also called Thomyris, Tomris, or Tomiride, is known only from the Greek historian Herodotus.

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Tractatus de mulieribus

Tractatus de mulieribus claris in bello ("Treatise on Women Distinguished in Wars"; Greek:, "Women wise and brave in the art of war") is a short ancient Greek work by an anonymous author,Gera, Deborah (1997).

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Trưng sisters

The Trưng sisters (Hai Bà Trưng, 𠄩婆徵, literally "Two Ladies Trưng", 14 – c. 43) were Luoyue military leaders who ruled for three years after commanding a rebellion of Luoyue tribes and other tribes in AD 40 against the first Chinese domination of Vietnam.

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Triaria

In On Famous Women Triaria (1st-century) was a Roman woman, the second wife of Lucius Vitellius the Younger (the brother of emperor Aulus Vitellius).

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Trojan War

The Trojan War was a legendary conflict in Greek mythology that took place around the 12th or 13th century BC.

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Tuva

Tuva (Тува) or Tyva (Tıva), officially the Republic of Tyva, is a republic of Russia.

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University of Mysore

The University of Mysore is a public state university in Mysore, Karnataka, India.

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University of Washington

The University of Washington (UW and informally U-Dub or U Dub) is a public research university in Seattle, Washington, United States.

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Vaccaei

The Vaccaei or Vaccei were a pre-Roman Celtic people of Spain, who inhabited the sedimentary plains of the central Duero valley, in the Meseta Central of northern Hispania (specifically in Castile and León).

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Vedic period

The Vedic period, or the Vedic age, is the period in the late Bronze Age and early Iron Age of the history of India when the Vedic literature, including the Vedas (–900 BCE), was composed in the northern Indian subcontinent, between the end of the urban Indus Valley Civilisation and a second urbanisation, which began in the central Indo-Gangetic Plain BCE.

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Veleda

Veleda was seeress of the Bructeri, a Germanic people who achieved some prominence during the Batavian rebellion of AD 69–70, headed by the Romanized Batavian chieftain Gaius Julius Civilis, when she correctly predicted the initial successes of the rebels against Roman legions.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_ancient_warfare

Also known as History of Women in Ancient Warfare, Timeline of women in Ancient Warfare, Women in ancient warfare by period, Women in warfare and the military in the ancient era.

, Bructeri, Busa (Apulian noblewoman), Caeria, Cartimandua, Celtic settlement of Southeast Europe, Chandragupta Maurya, Chilonis (daughter of Leotychidas), Chiomara, Chronicon (Eusebius), Chu–Han Contention, Cimbrian language, Cisalpine Gaul, Claudius Aelianus, Cleopatra II, Cleopatra III, Cleophis, Cloelia, Consort Yu (Xiang Yu's wife), Cordelia of Britain, Cratesipolis, Ctesias, Cynane, Cyrus the Great, Dardanus (city), Darius III, Deborah, Decimus Junius Brutus Callaicus, Deipnosophistae, Deity, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, Diodorus Siculus, Docimus, Domnica, Druid, Drypetis, Duchess Mu of Xu, Egypt, Empress Jingū, Epipole of Carystus, Euripides, Eurydice II of Macedon, Eusebius, Faustina the Younger, Fu Hao, Fu Jing (Shang dynasty), Fulvia, Gaius Suetonius Paulinus, Galatians (people), Genevieve, Geoffrey of Monmouth, Geographica, Germanic peoples, Giovanni Boccaccio, Goths, Goujian, Gupta Empire, Halicarnassus, Hannibal, Hatshepsut, Hebrew Bible judges, Helü of Wu, Heracleides of Cyme, Herodotus, Hetaira, Hippocrates, Histories (Herodotus), History of India, History of Rome (Livy), Ho Chi Minh City, Holofernes, Hua Mulan, Hydna, Hypsicratea, Iberians, Iceni, Illiturgis, Illyria, Illyrian language, Illyrian warfare, Issus (Cilicia), Jabin, Joannes Zonaras, John Opie, Josephus, Julia Domna, Justin (historian), Kandake, Kangju, Karnak, Kazakhstan, King Lear, Kingdom of Kush, Lady Triệu, Lampsace, Lampsacus, Li Xiu, Livy, Locrinus, Lucius Vitellius (consul 48), Lusitania, Ma Chao, Machlyes, Mandala 1, Mandala 10, Mania (satrap), Massagetae, Matriarchy, Mawiyya, Messene (mythology), Moche culture, Monguor people, Mother Lü, NBC News, Neo-Assyrian Empire, Nubia, Nubians, Olympias, Onomaris, Oracle bone, Palmyra, Pantea Arteshbod, Parallel Lives, Parandzem, Pausanias (geographer), Peking opera, Persepolis, Perusine War, Petelia, Phùng Thị Chính, Pheretima (Cyrenaean queen), Phila (daughter of Antipater), Photios I of Constantinople, Phum Snay, Pinnes (Ardiaean), Plutarch, Polyaenus, Polyperchon, Princess Sela, Project Gutenberg, Psychological warfare, Ptolemaic Kingdom, Ptolemy I Soter, Ptolemy IV Philopator, Punic people, Punica (poem), Pyrrhic victory, Pyrrhus of Epirus, Pythagoreanism, Qiang people, Queen Gwendolen, Regent, Revolt of the Batavi, Rhine, Rhodogune of Parthia, Rigveda, Roman Republic, Roman triumph, Russia, Saka, Salamanca, Salamis, Cyprus, Sarmatians, Sasanian Empire, Sauromatian culture, Saxo Grammaticus, Scholia, Scipio Africanus, Scythia, Scythians, Sea of Azov, Sea of Marmara, Seleucus II Callinicus, Semiramis, Septimius Severus, Shammuramat, Shang dynasty, Shang Yang, Shanghai, Shapur I, Sicily, Siege of Saguntum, Silius Italicus, Sisygambis, Sparta, Stateira (wife of Alexander the Great), Stateira (wife of Darius III), Stele, Stephanus of Byzantium, Strabo, Stratonice (wife of Antigonus), Stratonice of Macedon, Suetonius, Sun Tzu, Tabriz, Tacitus, Tegea, Telesilla, Terracina, Teuta, Teutons, Thaïs, Thalestris, The Book of Lord Shang, Thebes, Greece, Tianchan Theatre, Tiglath-Pileser III, Timoclea, Timycha, Tomyris, Tractatus de mulieribus, Trưng sisters, Triaria, Trojan War, Tuva, University of Mysore, University of Washington, Vaccaei, Vedic period, Veleda, Vettones, Vishpala, Wang Mang, Wang Yi (wife of Zhao Ang), Warring States period, William Smith (lexicographer), Women in 18th-century warfare, Women in post-classical warfare, Women in warfare (1500–1699), Women in warfare and the military in the 19th century, Women warriors in literature and culture, Wu Ding, Xerxes I, Xiang Yu, Xiangyang, Xun Guan, Yi people, Yinxu, Youtab, Yuenü, Zabibe, Zarinaea, Zenobia.

Women in ancient warfare, the Glossary

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