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Xenophanes, the Glossary

Xenophanes of Colophon (Ξενοφάνης ὁ Κολοφώνιος; c. 570 – c. 478 BC) was a Greek philosopher, theologian, poet, and critic of Homer from Ionia who travelled throughout the Greek-speaking world in early Classical Antiquity.^[1]

Academica (Cicero)

The Academica (also On Academic Skepticism, Academici Libri or Academic Books) is work in a fragmentary state written by the Academic Skeptic philosopher Cicero published in two editions.

See Xenophanes and Academica (Cicero)

Acatalepsy

Acatalepsy (from the Greek α̉- and καταλαμβάνειν), in philosophy, is incomprehensibleness, or the impossibility of comprehending or conceiving some or all things.

See Xenophanes and Acatalepsy

Achilles Tatius

Achilles Tatius (Greek: Ἀχιλλεὺς Τάτιος, Achilleus Tatios) of Alexandria was a Roman-era Greek writer of the 2nd century AD whose fame is attached to his only surviving work, the ancient Greek novel, or romance, The Adventures of Leucippe and Clitophon.

See Xenophanes and Achilles Tatius

Aelius Herodianus

Aelius Herodianus (Αἴλιος Ἡρωδιανός) or Herodian (fl. 2nd century CE) was a Greek historian and one of the most celebrated grammarians of Greco-Roman antiquity.

See Xenophanes and Aelius Herodianus

Aetius (philosopher)

Aetius (Ἀέτιος) was a 1st- or 2nd-century AD doxographer and Eclectic philosopher.

See Xenophanes and Aetius (philosopher)

Anaxarchus

Anaxarchus (Ἀνάξαρχος; c. 380 – c. 320 BC) was a Greek philosopher of the school of Democritus. Xenophanes and Anaxarchus are ancient Skeptic philosophers.

See Xenophanes and Anaxarchus

Anaximenes of Miletus

Anaximenes of Miletus (translit) was an Ancient Greek, Pre-Socratic philosopher from Miletus in Anatolia (modern-day Turkey). Xenophanes and Anaximenes of Miletus are 6th-century BC Greek philosophers, philosophers of ancient Ionia and Presocratic philosophers.

See Xenophanes and Anaximenes of Miletus

Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece (Hellás) was a northeastern Mediterranean civilization, existing from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th–9th centuries BC to the end of classical antiquity, that comprised a loose collection of culturally and linguistically related city-states and other territories.

See Xenophanes and Ancient Greece

Ancient Greek religion

Religious practices in ancient Greece encompassed a collection of beliefs, rituals, and mythology, in the form of both popular public religion and cult practices.

See Xenophanes and Ancient Greek religion

Ancient history

Ancient history is a time period from the beginning of writing and recorded human history through late antiquity.

See Xenophanes and Ancient history

Anthropomorphism

Anthropomorphism is the attribution of human traits, emotions, or intentions to non-human entities.

See Xenophanes and Anthropomorphism

Apuleius

Apuleius (also called Lucius Apuleius Madaurensis; c. 124 – after 170) was a Numidian Latin-language prose writer, Platonist philosopher and rhetorician.

See Xenophanes and Apuleius

Aristocles of Messene

Aristocles of Messene (Ἀριστοκλῆς ὁ Μεσσήνιος), in Sicily,Suda, Aristokles was a Peripatetic philosopher, who probably lived in the 1st century AD.

See Xenophanes and Aristocles of Messene

Aristotle

Aristotle (Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs; 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath. Xenophanes and Aristotle are ancient Greek epistemologists and ancient Greek metaphysicians.

See Xenophanes and Aristotle

Arius Didymus

Arius Didymus (Ἄρειος Δίδυμος Areios Didymos; fl. 1st century BC) was a Stoic philosopher and teacher of Augustus.

See Xenophanes and Arius Didymus

Athenaeus

Athenaeus of Naucratis (Ἀθήναιος ὁ Nαυκρατίτης or Nαυκράτιος, Athēnaios Naukratitēs or Naukratios; Athenaeus Naucratita) was a Greek rhetorician and grammarian, flourishing about the end of the 2nd and beginning of the 3rd century AD.

See Xenophanes and Athenaeus

Aulus Gellius

Aulus Gellius (c. 125after 180 AD) was a Roman author and grammarian, who was probably born and certainly brought up in Rome.

See Xenophanes and Aulus Gellius

İzmir Province

İzmir Province (İzmir ili) is a province and metropolitan municipality of Turkey in western Anatolia, situated along the Aegean coast.

See Xenophanes and İzmir Province

Baruch Spinoza

Baruch (de) Spinoza (24 November 163221 February 1677), also known under his Latinized pen name Benedictus de Spinoza, was a philosopher of Portuguese-Jewish origin. Xenophanes and Baruch Spinoza are philosophers of religion.

See Xenophanes and Baruch Spinoza

Bekker numbering

Bekker numbering or Bekker pagination is the standard form of citation to the works of Aristotle.

See Xenophanes and Bekker numbering

Castor and Pollux

Castor and Pollux (or Polydeuces) are twin half-brothers in Greek and Roman mythology, known together as the Dioscuri or Dioskouroi.

See Xenophanes and Castor and Pollux

Cataphatic theology

Cataphatic theology or kataphatic theology is theology that uses "positive" terminology to describe or refer to the divine – specifically, God – i.e. terminology that describes or refers to what the divine is believed to be, in contrast to the "negative" terminology used in apophatic theology to indicate what it is believed the divine is not.

See Xenophanes and Cataphatic theology

Censorinus

Censorinus was a Roman grammarian and miscellaneous writer.

See Xenophanes and Censorinus

Chronicon Paschale

Chronicon Paschale (the Paschal or Easter Chronicle), also called Chronicum Alexandrinum, Constantinopolitanum or Fasti Siculi, is the conventional name of a 7th-century Greek Christian chronicle of the world.

See Xenophanes and Chronicon Paschale

Cicero

Marcus Tullius Cicero (3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, writer and Academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire.

See Xenophanes and Cicero

Classical antiquity

Classical antiquity, also known as the classical era, classical period, classical age, or simply antiquity, is the period of cultural European history between the 8th century BC and the 5th century AD comprising the interwoven civilizations of ancient Greece and ancient Rome known together as the Greco-Roman world, centered on the Mediterranean Basin.

See Xenophanes and Classical antiquity

Clement of Alexandria

Titus Flavius Clemens, also known as Clement of Alexandria (Κλήμης ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς; –), was a Christian theologian and philosopher who taught at the Catechetical School of Alexandria.

See Xenophanes and Clement of Alexandria

Cloud

In meteorology, a cloud is an aerosol consisting of a visible mass of miniature liquid droplets, frozen crystals, or other particles suspended in the atmosphere of a planetary body or similar space.

See Xenophanes and Cloud

Collins English Dictionary

The Collins English Dictionary is a printed and online dictionary of English.

See Xenophanes and Collins English Dictionary

Colophon (city)

Colophon (Κολοφών||) was an ancient city in Ionia.

See Xenophanes and Colophon (city)

Commentary on Cicero's Dream of Scipio (Commentarii in Somnium Scipionis) is a philosophical treatise of Macrobius based on the famous dream narrated in On the republic of Cicero (Chapter VI, 9-29).

See Xenophanes and Commentarii in Somnium Scipionis

Crates of Mallus

Crates of Mallus (Κράτης ὁ Μαλλώτης, Krátēs ho Mallṓtēs; century BC) was a Greek grammarian and Stoic philosopher, leader of the literary school and head of the library of Pergamum.

See Xenophanes and Crates of Mallus

Critic

A critic is a person who communicates an assessment and an opinion of various forms of creative works such as art, literature, music, cinema, theater, fashion, architecture, and food.

See Xenophanes and Critic

Critical rationalism

Critical rationalism is an epistemological philosophy advanced by Karl Popper on the basis that, if a statement cannot be logically deduced (from what is known), it might nevertheless be possible to logically falsify it.

See Xenophanes and Critical rationalism

De Divinatione

De Divinatione (Latin, "Concerning Divination") is a philosophical dialogue about ancient Roman divination written in 44 BC by Marcus Tullius Cicero.

See Xenophanes and De Divinatione

Definitions of knowledge

Definitions of knowledge try to determine the essential features of knowledge.

See Xenophanes and Definitions of knowledge

Deipnosophistae

The Deipnosophistae is an early 3rd-century AD Greek work (Δειπνοσοφισταί, Deipnosophistaí, lit. "The Dinner Sophists/Philosophers/Experts") by the Greek author Athenaeus of Naucratis.

See Xenophanes and Deipnosophistae

Deity

A deity or god is a supernatural being considered to be sacred and worthy of worship due to having authority over the universe, nature or human life.

See Xenophanes and Deity

Democritus

Democritus (Δημόκριτος, Dēmókritos, meaning "chosen of the people"; –) was an Ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher from Abdera, primarily remembered today for his formulation of an atomic theory of the universe. Xenophanes and Democritus are 5th-century BC Greek philosophers, ancient Greek epistemologists, ancient Greek metaphysicians and Presocratic philosophers.

See Xenophanes and Democritus

Diogenes Laertius

Diogenes Laërtius (Διογένης Λαέρτιος) was a biographer of the Greek philosophers.

See Xenophanes and Diogenes Laertius

Dionysius Periegetes

Dionysius Periegetes (Διονύσιος ὁ Περιηγητής, literally Dionysius the Voyager or Traveller, often Latinized to Dionysius Periegeta), also known as Dionysius of Alexandria or Dionysius the African, was the author of a description of the then-known world in Greek hexameter verse.

See Xenophanes and Dionysius Periegetes

Divinity

Divinity or the divine are things that are either related to, devoted to, or proceeding from a deity.

See Xenophanes and Divinity

Doxography

Doxography (δόξα – "an opinion", "a point of view" + γράφειν – "to write", "to describe") is a term used especially for the works of classical historians, describing the points of view of past philosophers and scientists.

See Xenophanes and Doxography

Duke University Press

Duke University Press is an academic publisher and university press affiliated with Duke University.

See Xenophanes and Duke University Press

Earth

Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life.

See Xenophanes and Earth

Eleatics

The Eleatics were a group of pre-Socratic philosophers and school of thought in the 5th century BC centered around the ancient Greek colony of Elea (Ἐλέα), located around 80 miles south-east of Naples in southern Italy, then known as Magna Graecia.

See Xenophanes and Eleatics

Elegiac

The adjective elegiac has two possible meanings.

See Xenophanes and Elegiac

Elegiac couplet

The elegiac couplet is a poetic form used by Greek lyric poets for a variety of themes usually of smaller scale than the epic.

See Xenophanes and Elegiac couplet

Epicharmus of Kos

Epicharmus of Kos or Epicharmus Comicus or Epicharmus Comicus Syracusanus (Ἐπίχαρμος ὁ Κῷος), thought to have lived between c. 550 and c. 460 BC, was a Greek dramatist and philosopher who is often credited with being one of the first comic writers, having originated the Doric or Sicilian comedic form.

See Xenophanes and Epicharmus of Kos

Epimenides

Epimenides of Knossos (or Epimenides of Crete) (Ἐπιμενίδης) was a semi-mythical 7th or 6th century BC Greek seer and philosopher-poet, from Knossos or Phaistos. Xenophanes and Epimenides are 6th-century BC Greek philosophers.

See Xenophanes and Epimenides

Epistemology

Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with knowledge.

See Xenophanes and Epistemology

Etymologicum Genuinum

The Etymologicum Genuinum (standard abbreviation E Gen or EtGen) is the conventional modern title given to a lexical encyclopedia compiled at Constantinople in the mid-ninth century.

See Xenophanes and Etymologicum Genuinum

Euripides

Euripides was a tragedian of classical Athens.

See Xenophanes and Euripides

Eusebius

Eusebius of Caesarea (Εὐσέβιος τῆς Καισαρείας; 260/265 – 30 May 339), also known as Eusebius Pamphilus (from the Εὐσέβιος τοῦ Παμφίλου), was a Greek Syro-Palestinian historian of Christianity, exegete, and Christian polemicist.

See Xenophanes and Eusebius

Evidence

Evidence for a proposition is what supports the proposition.

See Xenophanes and Evidence

First principle

In philosophy and science, a first principle is a basic proposition or assumption that cannot be deduced from any other proposition or assumption.

See Xenophanes and First principle

Flat Earth

Flat Earth is an archaic and scientifically disproven conception of the Earth's shape as a plane or disk.

See Xenophanes and Flat Earth

Fossil

A fossil (from Classical Latin) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age.

See Xenophanes and Fossil

Galen

Aelius Galenus or Claudius Galenus (Κλαύδιος Γαληνός; September 129 – 216 AD), often anglicized as Galen or Galen of Pergamon, was a Roman and Greek physician, surgeon, and philosopher.

See Xenophanes and Galen

Geographica

The Geographica (Γεωγραφικά, Geōgraphiká; Geographica or Strabonis Rerum Geographicarum Libri XVII, "Strabo's 17 Books on Geographical Topics") or Geography, is an encyclopedia of geographical knowledge, consisting of 17 'books', written in Greek in the late 1st century BC, or early 1st century AD, and attributed to Strabo, an educated citizen of the Roman Empire of Greek descent.

See Xenophanes and Geographica

God

In monotheistic belief systems, God is usually viewed as the supreme being, creator, and principal object of faith.

See Xenophanes and God

Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies

Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal established in 1958 by John J. Bilitz.

See Xenophanes and Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies

Heraclitus

Heraclitus (Ἡράκλειτος) was an ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher from the city of Ephesus, which was then part of the Persian Empire. Xenophanes and Heraclitus are 470s BC deaths, 5th-century BC Greek philosophers, 6th-century BC Greek philosophers, ancient Greek epistemologists, ancient Greek metaphysicians, philosophers of ancient Ionia, philosophers of religion and Presocratic philosophers.

See Xenophanes and Heraclitus

Heraclitus (Ἡράκλειτος; fl. 1st century AD) was a grammarian and rhetorician, who wrote a Greek commentary on Homer which is still extant.

See Xenophanes and Heraclitus (commentator)

Herakles (Euripides)

Herakles (Ἡρακλῆς μαινόμενος, Hēraklēs Mainomenos, also known as Hercules Furens and sometimes written as Heracles) is an Athenian tragedy by Euripides that was first performed c. 416 BC.

See Xenophanes and Herakles (Euripides)

Hesiod

Hesiod (or; Ἡσίοδος Hēsíodos) was an ancient Greek poet generally thought to have been active between 750 and 650 BC, around the same time as Homer.

See Xenophanes and Hesiod

Hiero I of Syracuse

Hieron I (Ἱέρων Α΄; usually Latinized Hiero) was the son of Deinomenes, the brother of Gelon and tyrant of Syracuse in Sicily, from 478 to 467 BC.

See Xenophanes and Hiero I of Syracuse

Hippolytus of Rome

Hippolytus of Rome (Romanized: Hippólytos, –) was a Bishop of Rome and one of the most important second–third centuries Christian theologians, whose provenance, identity and corpus remain elusive to scholars and historians.

See Xenophanes and Hippolytus of Rome

Homer

Homer (Ὅμηρος,; born) was a Greek poet who is credited as the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, two epic poems that are foundational works of ancient Greek literature.

See Xenophanes and Homer

Hypothesis

A hypothesis (hypotheses) is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.

See Xenophanes and Hypothesis

Iamb (poetry)

An iamb or iambus is a metrical foot used in various types of poetry.

See Xenophanes and Iamb (poetry)

Iamblichus

Iamblichus (Iámblichos; Arabic: يَمْلِكُ, romanized: Yamlīḵū; label) was an Arab neoplatonic philosopher.

See Xenophanes and Iamblichus

International Association for Greek Philosophy

The International Association for Greek Philosophy (IAGP; Διεθνής Eταιρεία Eλληνικής Φιλοσοφίας, ΔEEΦ) is an international philosophical society whose purpose is to promote the study of Greek philosophy.

See Xenophanes and International Association for Greek Philosophy

Ionia

Ionia was an ancient region on the western coast of Anatolia, to the south of present-day İzmir, Turkey.

See Xenophanes and Ionia

Ionian League

The Ionian League (Ἴωνες, Íōnes; κοινὸν Ἰώνων, koinón Iōnōn; or κοινὴ σύνοδος Ἰώνων, koinē sýnodos Iōnōn; Latin: commune consilium), also called the Panionic League, was a confederation formed at the end of the Meliac War in the mid-7th century BC comprising twelve Ionian Greek city-states (a dodecapolis, of which there were many others).

See Xenophanes and Ionian League

Ionian school (philosophy)

The Ionian school of pre-Socratic philosophy refers to Ancient Greek philosophers, or a school of thought, in Ionia in the 6th century B.C, the first in the Western tradition.

See Xenophanes and Ionian school (philosophy)

Italian school (philosophy)

The Italian school of pre-Socratic philosophy refers to Ancient Greek philosophers in Italy or Magna Graecia in the 6th and 5th century BC.

See Xenophanes and Italian school (philosophy)

Italy

Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern and Western Europe.

See Xenophanes and Italy

John Philoponus

John Philoponus (Greek:; Ἰωάννης ὁ Φιλόπονος; c. 490 – c. 570), also known as John the Grammarian or John of Alexandria, was a Byzantine Greek philologist, Aristotelian commentator, Christian theologian and an author of a considerable number of philosophical treatises and theological works.

See Xenophanes and John Philoponus

John Tzetzes

John Tzetzes (Iōánnēs Tzétzēs;, Constantinople – 1180, Constantinople) was a Byzantine poet and grammarian who lived at Constantinople in the 12th century.

See Xenophanes and John Tzetzes

Julius Pollux

Julius Pollux (Ἰούλιος Πολυδεύκης, Ioulios Polydeukes; fl. 2nd century) was a Greek scholar and rhetorician from Naucratis, Ancient Egypt.

See Xenophanes and Julius Pollux

Karl Popper

Sir Karl Raimund Popper (28 July 1902 – 17 September 1994) was an Austrian–British philosopher, academic and social commentator. Xenophanes and Karl Popper are philosophers of religion.

See Xenophanes and Karl Popper

Knowledge

Knowledge is an awareness of facts, a familiarity with individuals and situations, or a practical skill.

See Xenophanes and Knowledge

Leucippus

Leucippus (Λεύκιππος, Leúkippos) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher. Xenophanes and Leucippus are 5th-century BC Greek philosophers, ancient Greek metaphysicians and Presocratic philosophers.

See Xenophanes and Leucippus

Library of Alexandria

The Great Library of Alexandria in Alexandria, Egypt, was one of the largest and most significant libraries of the ancient world.

See Xenophanes and Library of Alexandria

Loeb Classical Library

The Loeb Classical Library (LCL; named after James Loeb) is a series of books originally published by Heinemann in London, but is currently published by Harvard University Press.

See Xenophanes and Loeb Classical Library

Lucian

Lucian of Samosata (Λουκιανὸς ὁ Σαμοσατεύς, 125 – after 180) was a Hellenized Syrian satirist, rhetorician and pamphleteer who is best known for his characteristic tongue-in-cheek style, with which he frequently ridiculed superstition, religious practices, and belief in the paranormal. Xenophanes and Lucian are ancient Greek satirists.

See Xenophanes and Lucian

Macrobius

Macrobius Ambrosius Theodosius, usually referred to as Macrobius (fl. AD 400), was a Roman provincial who lived during the early fifth century, during late antiquity, the period of time corresponding to the Later Roman Empire, and when Latin was as widespread as Greek among the elite.

See Xenophanes and Macrobius

Max Bernhard Weinstein

Max Bernhard Weinstein (1 September 1852 in Kaunas, Vilna Governorate – 25 March 1918) was a German physicist and philosopher.

See Xenophanes and Max Bernhard Weinstein

Melissus of Samos

Melissus of Samos (Μέλισσος ὁ Σάμιος) was the third and last member of the ancient school of Eleatic philosophy, whose other members included Zeno and Parmenides. Xenophanes and Melissus of Samos are 5th-century BC Greek philosophers and Presocratic philosophers.

See Xenophanes and Melissus of Samos

Metaphysics (Greek: τὰ μετὰ τὰ φυσικά, "those after the physics"; Latin: Metaphysica) is one of the principal works of Aristotle, in which he develops the doctrine that he calls First Philosophy.

See Xenophanes and Metaphysics (Aristotle)

Metrodorus of Chios

Metrodorus of Chios (Μητρόδωρος ὁ Χῖος; fl. 4th century BC) was a Greek philosopher, belonging to the school of Democritus, and an important forerunner of Epicurus. Xenophanes and Metrodorus of Chios are ancient Skeptic philosophers.

See Xenophanes and Metrodorus of Chios

Monolatry

Monolatry (single, and label) is the belief in the existence of many gods, but with the consistent worship of only one deity.

See Xenophanes and Monolatry

Monotheism

Monotheism is the belief that one god is the only deity.

See Xenophanes and Monotheism

Moralia

The Moralia (Latin for "Morals" or "Customs and Mores"; Ἠθικά, Ethiká) is a group of manuscripts written in Ancient Greek dating from the 10th–13th centuries but traditionally ascribed to the 1st-century scholar Plutarch of Chaeronea.

See Xenophanes and Moralia

Natural philosophy

Natural philosophy or philosophy of nature (from Latin philosophia naturalis) is the philosophical study of physics, that is, nature and the physical universe.

See Xenophanes and Natural philosophy

Nessos of Chios

Nessos of Chios (Ancient Greek: Νεσσᾶς or Νέσσος ὁ Χῖος) was a pre-Socratic ancient Greek philosopher from the island of Chios.

See Xenophanes and Nessos of Chios

Nous

Nous, from, is a concept from classical philosophy, sometimes equated to intellect or intelligence, for the faculty of the human mind necessary for understanding what is true or real.

See Xenophanes and Nous

Olympiad

An olympiad (Ὀλυμπιάς, Olympiás) is a period of four years, particularly those associated with the ancient and modern Olympic Games.

See Xenophanes and Olympiad

On Marvellous Things Heard

On Marvellous Things Heard (Περὶ θαυμασίων ἀκουσμάτων; Latin: De mirabilibus auscultationibus), often called Mirabilia,Introduction to Zucker, Mayhew and Hellmann (2024).

See Xenophanes and On Marvellous Things Heard

On Melissus, Xenophanes, and Gorgias

On Melissus, Xenophanes, and Gorgias (Περὶ Μελίσσου, Ξενοφάνους καὶ Γοργίου; De Melisso, Xenophane, Gorgia) is a short work falsely attributed to Aristotle.

See Xenophanes and On Melissus, Xenophanes, and Gorgias

On the Heavens

On the Heavens (Greek: Περὶ οὐρανοῦ; Latin: De Caelo or De Caelo et Mundo) is Aristotle's chief cosmological treatise: written in 350 BC, it contains his astronomical theory and his ideas on the concrete workings of the terrestrial world.

See Xenophanes and On the Heavens

Orphism (religion)

Orphism (more rarely Orphicism; Orphiká) is the name given to a set of religious beliefs and practices originating in Thrace and later spreading to the ancient Greek and Hellenistic world, associated with literature ascribed to the mythical Thracian poet Orpheus, who descended into the Greek underworld and returned.

See Xenophanes and Orphism (religion)

Oxyrhynchus Papyri

The Oxyrhynchus Papyri are a group of manuscripts discovered during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries by papyrologists Bernard Pyne Grenfell and Arthur Surridge Hunt at an ancient rubbish dump near Oxyrhynchus in Egypt (modern el-Bahnasa).

See Xenophanes and Oxyrhynchus Papyri

Pandeism

Pandeism, or pan-deism, is a theological doctrine that combines aspects of pantheism with aspects of deism.

See Xenophanes and Pandeism

Pantheism

Pantheism is the philosophical and religious belief that reality, the universe, and nature are identical to divinity or a supreme entity.

See Xenophanes and Pantheism

Pantheon (religion)

A pantheon is the particular set of all gods of any individual polytheistic religion, mythology, or tradition.

See Xenophanes and Pantheon (religion)

Parmenides

Parmenides of Elea (Παρμενίδης ὁ Ἐλεάτης; fl. late sixth or early fifth century BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher from Elea in Magna Graecia. Xenophanes and Parmenides are 5th-century BC Greek philosophers, 5th-century BC poets, ancient Greek epistemologists and ancient Greek metaphysicians.

See Xenophanes and Parmenides

Philo

Philo of Alexandria (Phílōn; Yəḏīḏyāh), also called italics, was a Hellenistic Jewish philosopher who lived in Alexandria, in the Roman province of Egypt.

See Xenophanes and Philo

Philosophical skepticism

Philosophical skepticism (UK spelling: scepticism; from Greek σκέψις skepsis, "inquiry") is a family of philosophical views that question the possibility of knowledge.

See Xenophanes and Philosophical skepticism

Philosophy

Philosophy ('love of wisdom' in Ancient Greek) is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, value, mind, and language.

See Xenophanes and Philosophy

Philosophy of religion

Philosophy of religion is "the philosophical examination of the central themes and concepts involved in religious traditions".

See Xenophanes and Philosophy of religion

Physics (Aristotle)

The Physics (Greek: Φυσικὴ ἀκρόασις Phusike akroasis; Latin: Physica, or Naturales Auscultationes, possibly meaning "Lectures on nature") is a named text, written in ancient Greek, collated from a collection of surviving manuscripts known as the Corpus Aristotelicum, attributed to the 4th-century BC philosopher Aristotle.

See Xenophanes and Physics (Aristotle)

Pierre Bayle

Pierre Bayle (18 November 1647 – 28 December 1706) was a French philosopher, author, and lexicographer. Xenophanes and Pierre Bayle are philosophers of religion.

See Xenophanes and Pierre Bayle

Plato

Plato (Greek: Πλάτων), born Aristocles (Ἀριστοκλῆς; – 348 BC), was an ancient Greek philosopher of the Classical period who is considered a foundational thinker in Western philosophy and an innovator of the written dialogue and dialectic forms. Xenophanes and Plato are ancient Greek epistemologists and ancient Greek metaphysicians.

See Xenophanes and Plato

Plutarch

Plutarch (Πλούταρχος, Ploútarchos;; – after AD 119) was a Greek Middle Platonist philosopher, historian, biographer, essayist, and priest at the Temple of Apollo in Delphi.

See Xenophanes and Plutarch

Poet

A poet is a person who studies and creates poetry.

See Xenophanes and Poet

Praeparatio evangelica

Preparation for the Gospel (Εὐαγγελικὴ προπαρασκευή, Euangelikē proparaskeuē), commonly known by its Latin title Praeparatio evangelica, is a work of Christian apologetics written by Eusebius in the early part of the fourth century AD.

See Xenophanes and Praeparatio evangelica

Pre-Socratic philosophy

Pre-Socratic philosophy, also known as Early Greek Philosophy, is ancient Greek philosophy before Socrates.

See Xenophanes and Pre-Socratic philosophy

Proclus

Proclus Lycius (8 February 412 – 17 April 485), called Proclus the Successor (Πρόκλος ὁ Διάδοχος, Próklos ho Diádokhos), was a Greek Neoplatonist philosopher, one of the last major classical philosophers of late antiquity.

See Xenophanes and Proclus

Protagoras

Protagoras (Πρωταγόρας)Guthrie, p. 262–263. Xenophanes and Protagoras are 5th-century BC Greek philosophers and ancient Greek epistemologists.

See Xenophanes and Protagoras

Pseudo-Plutarch

Pseudo-Plutarch is the conventional name given to the actual, but unknown, authors of a number of pseudepigrapha (falsely attributed works) attributed to Plutarch but now known to have not been written by him.

See Xenophanes and Pseudo-Plutarch

Psychological projection

Psychological projection is a defence mechanism of alterity concerning "inside" ''content'' mistaken to be coming from the "outside" Other.

See Xenophanes and Psychological projection

Pyrrho

Pyrrho of Elis (Pyrrhо̄n ho Ēleios), born in Elis, Greece, was a Greek philosopher of Classical antiquity, credited as being the first Greek skeptic philosopher and founder of Pyrrhonism. Xenophanes and Pyrrho are ancient Greek epistemologists and ancient Skeptic philosophers.

See Xenophanes and Pyrrho

Pyrrhonism

Pyrrhonism is an Ancient Greek school of philosophical skepticism which rejects dogma and advocates the suspension of judgement over the truth of all beliefs.

See Xenophanes and Pyrrhonism

Pythagoras

Pythagoras of Samos (Πυθαγόρας; BC) was an ancient Ionian Greek philosopher, polymath and the eponymous founder of Pythagoreanism. Xenophanes and Pythagoras are 570s BC births, 5th-century BC Greek philosophers, 6th-century BC Greek philosophers and ancient Greek metaphysicians.

See Xenophanes and Pythagoras

Pythagoreanism

Pythagoreanism originated in the 6th century BC, based on and around the teachings and beliefs held by Pythagoras and his followers, the Pythagoreans.

See Xenophanes and Pythagoreanism

Rainbow

A rainbow is an optical phenomenon caused by refraction, internal reflection and dispersion of light in water droplets resulting in a continuous spectrum of light appearing in the sky.

See Xenophanes and Rainbow

Reality

Reality is the sum or aggregate of all that is real or existent within the universe, as opposed to that which is only imaginary, nonexistent or nonactual.

See Xenophanes and Reality

Refutation of All Heresies

The Refutation of All Heresies (Φιλοσοφούμενα ή κατὰ πασῶν αἱρέσεων ἔλεγχος; Refutatio Omnium Haeresium), also called the Elenchus or Philosophumena, is a compendious Christian polemical work of the early third century, whose attribution to Hippolytus of Rome or an unknown "Pseudo-Hippolytus" is disputed.

See Xenophanes and Refutation of All Heresies

Rhetoric (Aristotle)

Aristotle's Rhetoric (Rhētorikḗ; Ars Rhetorica) is an ancient Greek treatise on the art of persuasion, dating from.

See Xenophanes and Rhetoric (Aristotle)

Satire

Satire is a genre of the visual, literary, and performing arts, usually in the form of fiction and less frequently non-fiction, in which vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, often with the intent of exposing or shaming the perceived flaws of individuals, corporations, government, or society itself into improvement.

See Xenophanes and Satire

Scholia

Scholia (scholium or scholion, from σχόλιον, "comment", "interpretation") are grammatical, critical, or explanatory comments – original or copied from prior commentaries – which are inserted in the margin of the manuscript of ancient authors, as glosses.

See Xenophanes and Scholia

Sextus Empiricus

Sextus Empiricus (Σέξτος Ἐμπειρικός) was a Greek Pyrrhonist philosopher and Empiric school physician with Roman citizenship. Xenophanes and Sextus Empiricus are ancient Greek epistemologists.

See Xenophanes and Sextus Empiricus

Simplicius of Cilicia

Simplicius of Cilicia (Σιμπλίκιος ὁ Κίλιξ; c. 480 – c. 540) was a disciple of Ammonius Hermiae and Damascius, and was one of the last of the Neoplatonists.

See Xenophanes and Simplicius of Cilicia

Skepticism

Skepticism, also spelled scepticism in British English, is a questioning attitude or doubt toward knowledge claims that are seen as mere belief or dogma.

See Xenophanes and Skepticism

Social criticism is a form of academic or journalistic criticism focusing on social issues in contemporary society, in respect to perceived injustices and power relations in general.

See Xenophanes and Social criticism

Sophist (dialogue)

The Sophist (Σοφιστής; Sophista) is a Platonic dialogue from the philosopher's late period, most likely written in 360 BC.

See Xenophanes and Sophist (dialogue)

St. Elmo's fire

St.

See Xenophanes and St. Elmo's fire

Stephanus pagination is a system of reference and organization used in modern editions and translations of Plato (and less famously, Plutarch) based on the three-volume 1578 edition of Plato's complete works translated by Joannes Serranus (Jean de Serres) and published by Henricus Stephanus (Henri Estienne) in Geneva.

See Xenophanes and Stephanus pagination

Stobaeus

Joannes Stobaeus (Ἰωάννης ὁ Στοβαῖος; fl. 5th-century AD), from Stobi in Macedonia, was the compiler of a valuable series of extracts from Greek authors.

See Xenophanes and Stobaeus

Strabo

StraboStrabo (meaning "squinty", as in strabismus) was a term employed by the Romans for anyone whose eyes were distorted or deformed.

See Xenophanes and Strabo

Stromata

The Stromata (Στρώματα), a mistake for Stromateis (Στρωματεῖς, "Patchwork," i.e., Miscellanies), attributed to Clement of Alexandria (c. 150 – c. 215), is the third of a trilogy of works regarding the Christian life.

See Xenophanes and Stromata

Symposium

In Ancient Greece, the symposium (συμπόσιον, sympósion or symposio, from συμπίνειν, sympínein, "to drink together") was the part of a banquet that took place after the meal, when drinking for pleasure was accompanied by music, dancing, recitals, or conversation.

See Xenophanes and Symposium

Syracuse, Sicily

Syracuse (Siracusa; Sarausa) is a historic city on the Italian island of Sicily, the capital of the Italian province of Syracuse.

See Xenophanes and Syracuse, Sicily

Tertullian

Tertullian (Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus; 155 – 220 AD) was a prolific early Christian author from Carthage in the Roman province of Africa.

See Xenophanes and Tertullian

Thales of Miletus

Thales of Miletus (Θαλῆς) was an Ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher from Miletus in Ionia, Asia Minor. Xenophanes and Thales of Miletus are 6th-century BC Greek philosophers, ancient Greek metaphysicians, philosophers of ancient Ionia and Presocratic philosophers.

See Xenophanes and Thales of Miletus

Theodoret

Theodoret of Cyrus or Cyrrhus (Θεοδώρητος Κύρρου; AD 393 – 458/466) was an influential theologian of the School of Antioch, biblical commentator, and Christian bishop of Cyrrhus (423–457).

See Xenophanes and Theodoret

Theology

Theology is the study of religious belief from a religious perspective, with a focus on the nature of divinity.

See Xenophanes and Theology

Timon of Phlius

Timon of Phlius (Tímōn ho Phliásios, Τίμωνος,; BCc. 235 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher from the Hellenistic period, who was the student of Pyrrho. Xenophanes and Timon of Phlius are ancient Greek epistemologists, ancient Greek satirists and ancient Skeptic philosophers.

See Xenophanes and Timon of Phlius

Truth

Truth or verity is the property of being in accord with fact or reality.

See Xenophanes and Truth

Turkey

Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly in Anatolia in West Asia, with a smaller part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe.

See Xenophanes and Turkey

Turtles all the way down

"Turtles all the way down" is an expression of the problem of infinite regress.

See Xenophanes and Turtles all the way down

University of Chile

The University of Chile (Universidad de Chile) is a public research university in Santiago, Chile.

See Xenophanes and University of Chile

Velia

Velia was the Roman name of an ancient city on the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea.

See Xenophanes and Velia

Water

Water is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula.

See Xenophanes and Water

Western philosophy

Western philosophy, the part of philosophical thought and work of the Western world.

See Xenophanes and Western philosophy

Western world

The Western world, also known as the West, primarily refers to various nations and states in the regions of Australasia, Western Europe, and Northern America; with some debate as to whether those in Eastern Europe and Latin America also constitute the West.

See Xenophanes and Western world

Zeno of Elea

Zeno of Elea (Ζήνων ὁ Ἐλεᾱ́της) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher. Xenophanes and Zeno of Elea are 5th-century BC Greek philosophers, ancient Greek epistemologists and ancient Greek metaphysicians.

See Xenophanes and Zeno of Elea

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenophanes

Also known as Xenophane, Xenophanes of Colophon.

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Xenophanes, the Glossary

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