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Zond 5, the Glossary

73 relations: Animals in space, Apollo 17, Apollo 8, Astronaut, Baikonur Cosmodrome, Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81, Bernard Lovell, Blok D, British Interplanetary Society, Cell (biology), Central Intelligence Agency, Chlorella, Circumlunar trajectory, Cold War, Cosmic ray, Crimea, Discover (magazine), Dissection, Drosophila, Energia (corporation), Extremophile, Fe, Fi, Fo, Fum, and Phooey, Frank Borman, Gene Cernan, Geocentric orbit, Glycogen, Green algae, Histology, Image, Image sensor, Indian Ocean, Jodrell Bank Observatory, Kazakhstan, Korabl-Sputnik 5, List of missions to the Moon, Liver, Low Earth orbit, Lyndon B. Johnson, Lysogen, Moon, Moscow Oblast, Multistage rocket, NASA, News agency, Outgassing, Pavel Popovich, Planetary flyby, Proton, Proton-K, Radioresistance, ... Expand index (23 more) »
1968 in the Soviet Union
Animal deaths by euthanasia
Animal testing in the Soviet Union
Animals in space
Individual tortoises
Lunar flybys

Animals in space

Animals in space originally served to test the survivability of spaceflight, before human spaceflights were attempted.

Apollo 17

Apollo 17 (December 7–19, 1972) was the eleventh and final mission of NASA's Apollo program, the sixth and most recent time humans have set foot on the Moon or traveled beyond low Earth orbit.

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Apollo 8 (December 21–27, 1968) was the first crewed spacecraft to leave Earth's gravitational sphere of influence, and the first human spaceflight to reach the Moon. Zond 5 and Apollo 8 are spacecraft launched in 1968.

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Astronaut

An astronaut (from the Ancient Greek ἄστρον, meaning 'star', and ναύτης, meaning 'sailor') is a person trained, equipped, and deployed by a human spaceflight program to serve as a commander or crew member aboard a spacecraft.

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Baikonur Cosmodrome

The Baikonur Cosmodrome is a spaceport operated by Russia within Kazakhstan.

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Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81

Site 81 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome is a launch site used, along with Site 200, by Proton rockets.

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Bernard Lovell

Sir Alfred Charles Bernard Lovell (31 August 19136 August 2012) was an English physicist and radio astronomer.

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Blok D

Blok D (Блок Д meaning Block D) is an upper stage used on Soviet and later Russian expendable launch systems, including the N1, Proton-K and Zenit.

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British Interplanetary Society

The British Interplanetary Society (BIS), founded in Liverpool in 1933 by Philip E. Cleator, is the oldest existing space advocacy organisation in the world.

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Cell (biology)

The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life.

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Central Intelligence Agency

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), known informally as the Agency, metonymously as Langley and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT) and conducting covert action through its Directorate of Operations.

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Chlorella

Chlorella is a genus of about thirteen species of single-celled green algae of the division Chlorophyta.

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Circumlunar trajectory

In orbital mechanics, a circumlunar trajectory, trans-lunar trajectory or lunar free return is a type of free return trajectory which takes a spacecraft from Earth, around the far side of the Moon, and back to Earth using only gravity once the initial trajectory is set.

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Cold War

The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc, that started in 1947, two years after the end of World War II, and lasted until the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991.

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Cosmic ray

Cosmic rays or astroparticles are high-energy particles or clusters of particles (primarily represented by protons or atomic nuclei) that move through space at nearly the speed of light.

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Crimea

Crimea is a peninsula in Eastern Europe, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, almost entirely surrounded by the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov.

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Discover (magazine)

Discover is an American general audience science magazine launched in October 1980 by Time Inc.

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Dissection

Dissection (from Latin dissecare "to cut to pieces"; also called anatomization) is the dismembering of the body of a deceased animal or plant to study its anatomical structure.

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Drosophila

Drosophila is a genus of fly, belonging to the family Drosophilidae, whose members are often called "small fruit flies" or pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a reference to the characteristic of many species to linger around overripe or rotting fruit.

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Energia (corporation)

PAO S. P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia (Raketno-kosmicheskaya korporatsiya "Energiya" im.), also known as RSC Energia (РКК «Энергия», RKK "Energiya"), is a Russian manufacturer of spacecraft and space station components.

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Extremophile

An extremophile is an organism that is able to live (or in some cases thrive) in extreme environments, i.e., environments with conditions approaching or stretching the limits of what known life can adapt to, such as extreme temperature, pressure, radiation, salinity, or pH level.

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Fe, Fi, Fo, Fum, and Phooey

Fe, Fi, Fo, Fum, and Phooey were five mice who traveled to the Moon and circled it 75 times on the 1972 Apollo 17 mission. Zond 5 and fe, Fi, Fo, Fum, and Phooey are animal deaths by euthanasia and animals in space.

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Frank Borman

Frank Frederick Borman II (March 14, 1928 – November 7, 2023) was an American United States Air Force (USAF) colonel, aeronautical engineer, NASA astronaut, test pilot, and businessman.

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Gene Cernan

Eugene Andrew Cernan (March 14, 1934 – January 16, 2017) was an American astronaut, naval aviator, electrical engineer, aeronautical engineer, and fighter pilot.

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Geocentric orbit

A geocentric orbit, Earth-centered orbit, or Earth orbit involves any object orbiting Earth, such as the Moon or artificial satellites.

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Glycogen

Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in animals, fungi, and bacteria.

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Green algae

The green algae (green alga) are a group of chlorophyll-containing autotrophic eukaryotes consisting of the phylum Prasinodermophyta and its unnamed sister group that contains the Chlorophyta and Charophyta/Streptophyta.

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Histology

Histology, also known as microscopic anatomy or microanatomy, is the branch of biology that studies the microscopic anatomy of biological tissues.

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Image

An image is a visual representation.

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Image sensor

An image sensor or imager is a sensor that detects and conveys information used to form an image.

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Indian Ocean

The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or approx.

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Jodrell Bank Observatory

Jodrell Bank Observatory in Cheshire, England hosts a number of radio telescopes as part of the Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics at the University of Manchester.

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Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a landlocked country mostly in Central Asia, with a part in Eastern Europe.

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Korabl-Sputnik 5

Korabl-Sputnik 5 (Корабль-Спутник 5 meaning Ship-Satellite 5) or Vostok-3KA No.2, also known as Sputnik 10 in the West, was a Soviet spacecraft which was launched in 1961, as part of the Vostok programme.

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List of missions to the Moon

Missions to the Moon have been numerous and one of the earliest space missions, conducting exploration of the Moon since 1959. Zond 5 and List of missions to the Moon are missions to the Moon.

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Liver

The liver is a major metabolic organ exclusively found in vertebrate animals, which performs many essential biological functions such as detoxification of the organism, and the synthesis of proteins and various other biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth.

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Low Earth orbit

A low Earth orbit (LEO) is an orbit around Earth with a period of 128 minutes or less (making at least 11.25 orbits per day) and an eccentricity less than 0.25.

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Lyndon B. Johnson

Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969.

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Lysogen

A lysogen or lysogenic bacteria is a bacterial cell which can produce and transfer the ability to produce a phage.

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Moon

The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite.

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Moscow Oblast

Moscow Oblast (Moskovskaya oblast,, informally known as label) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Multistage rocket

A multistage rocket or step rocket is a launch vehicle that uses two or more rocket stages, each of which contains its own engines and propellant.

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NASA

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research.

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News agency

A news agency is an organization that gathers news reports and sells them to subscribing news organizations, such as newspapers, magazines and radio and television broadcasters.

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Outgassing

Outgassing (sometimes called offgassing, particularly when in reference to indoor air quality) is the release of a gas that was dissolved, trapped, frozen, or absorbed in some material.

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Pavel Popovich

Pavel Romanovich Popovich (Па́вел Рома́нович Попо́вич, Павло Романович Попович, romanized: Pavlo Romanovych Popovych; 5 October 1930 – 29 September 2009) was a Soviet cosmonaut.

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Planetary flyby

A planetary flyby is the act of sending a space probe past a planet or a dwarf planet close enough to record scientific data.

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Proton

A proton is a stable subatomic particle, symbol, H+, or 1H+ with a positive electric charge of +1 e (elementary charge).

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Proton-K

The Proton-K, also designated Proton 8K82K after its GRAU index or SL-12 after its model number, 8K82K, was a Russian, previously Soviet, carrier rocket derived from the earlier Proton.

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Radioresistance

Radioresistance is the level of ionizing radiation that organisms are able to withstand.

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Reentry capsule

A reentry capsule is the portion of a space capsule which returns to Earth following a spaceflight.

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Richard Nixon

Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the 37th president of the United States from 1969 to 1974.

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RKK Energiya museum

The RKK Energiya museum is a museum dedicated to the early achievements of Russian space exploration programmes.

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Russian Academy of Sciences

The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; Росси́йская акаде́мия нау́к (РАН) Rossíyskaya akadémiya naúk) consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across the Russian Federation; and additional scientific and social units such as libraries, publishing units, and hospitals.

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Russian tortoise

The Russian tortoise (Testudo horsfieldii), also commonly known as the Afghan tortoise, the Central Asian tortoise, the four-clawed tortoise, the four-toed tortoise, Horsfield's tortoise, the Russian steppe tortoise, the Soviet Tortoise, and the steppe tortoise, is a threatened species of tortoise in the family Testudinidae.

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Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.

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Soyuz 7K-L1

The Soyuz 7K-L1 "Zond" spacecraft was designed to launch cosmonauts from the Earth to circle the Moon without going into lunar orbit in the context of the Soviet crewed Moon-flyby program in the Moon race.

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Space Race

The Space Race (Космическая гонка) was a 20th-century competition between two Cold War rivals, the United States and the Soviet Union, to achieve superior spaceflight capability.

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Splashdown

Splashdown is the method of landing a spacecraft in a body of water, usually by parachute.

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Spleen

The spleen is an organ found in almost all vertebrates.

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TASS

The Russian News Agency TASS, or simply TASS, is a Russian state-owned news agency founded in 1904.

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Tortoise

Tortoises are reptiles of the family Testudinidae of the order Testudines (Latin for "tortoise").

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Tradescantia

Tradescantia is a genus of 85 species of herbaceous perennial wildflowers in the family Commelinaceae, native to the Americas from southern Canada to northern Argentina, including the West Indies.

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Trans-lunar injection

A trans-lunar injection (TLI) is a propulsive maneuver, which is used to send a spacecraft to the Moon.

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Valery Bykovsky

Valery Fyodorovich Bykovsky (Вале́рий Фёдорович Быко́вский; 2 August 1934 – 27 March 2019) was a Soviet cosmonaut who flew on three space flights: Vostok 5, Soyuz 22, and Soyuz 31.

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Vitaly Sevastyanov

Vitaly Ivanovich Sevastyanov (Вита́лий Ива́нович Севастья́нов; 8 July 1935 – 5 April 2010) was a Soviet cosmonaut and an engineer who flew on the Soyuz 9 and Soyuz 18 missions.

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Vivarium

A vivarium (Latin, literally for "place of life";: vivaria or vivariums) is an area, usually enclosed, for keeping and raising animals or plants for observation or research.

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Yevpatoria

Yevpatoria (Yevpatoriia; Yevpatoriya;; Eupatoría) is a city in Western Crimea, north of Kalamita Bay.

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Zond 4

Zond 4, part of the Soviet Zond program and an uncrewed version of Soyuz 7K-L1 crewed Moon-flyby spacecraft, was one of the first Soviet experiments towards crewed circumlunar spaceflight. Zond 5 and Zond 4 are 1968 in the Soviet Union and spacecraft launched in 1968.

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Zond 6

Zond 6 was a formal member of the Soviet Zond program, and an unpiloted version of the Soyuz 7K-L1 crewed Moon-flyby spacecraft. Zond 5 and Zond 6 are 1968 in the Soviet Union, animal testing in the Soviet Union, animals in space, lunar flybys, missions to the Moon and spacecraft launched in 1968.

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Zond 7

The Zond 7 spacecraft, part of the Soviet Zond program, was launched towards the Moon on a Proton-K D rocket on August 7, 1969. Zond 5 and Zond 7 are animals in space, Individual tortoises, lunar flybys and missions to the Moon.

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Zond failed missions

Zond program (Зонд; Russian for "probe") was a Soviet robotic spacecraft program launched between 1964 and 1970, using two spacecraft series, one for interplanetary exploration, and the other for lunar exploration. Zond 5 and Zond failed missions are lunar flybys and missions to the Moon.

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Zond program

Zond (lit) was the name given to two distinct series of Soviet robotic spacecraft launched between 1964 and 1970. Zond 5 and Zond program are missions to the Moon.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zond_5

Also known as Moon tortoises, Tortoises in space.

, Reentry capsule, Richard Nixon, RKK Energiya museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian tortoise, Soviet Union, Soyuz 7K-L1, Space Race, Splashdown, Spleen, TASS, Tortoise, Tradescantia, Trans-lunar injection, Valery Bykovsky, Vitaly Sevastyanov, Vivarium, Yevpatoria, Zond 4, Zond 6, Zond 7, Zond failed missions, Zond program.

Zond 5, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

1968 in the Soviet Union

Animal deaths by euthanasia

Animal testing in the Soviet Union

Animals in space

Individual tortoises

Lunar flybys

References