Albania, the Glossary
Albania (Shqipëri or Shqipëria), officially the Republic of Albania (Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeast Europe.[1]
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884 relations: A2 (Albania), A3 (Albania), Abdyl Frashëri, Accession of Albania to the European Union, Accident, Accursed Mountains, Adhesive, Administrative divisions of Albania, Adriatic Sea, Adriatic–Ionian motorway, Africa, Age of Enlightenment, Agron of Illyria, Ahmed Izzet Pasha, Air pollution, Albania men's national basketball team, Albania national football team, Albania–NATO relations, Albanian Air Force, Albanian Armed Forces, Albanian art, Albanian Coastal Lowlands, Albanian cuisine, Albanian Declaration of Independence, Albanian diaspora, Albanian Football Federation, Albanian Kingdom (1928–1939), Albanian Land Forces, Albanian language, Albanian lek, Albanian literature, Albanian National Awakening, Albanian National Olympic Committee, Albanian Naval Force, Albanian principalities, Albanian Republic (1925–1928), Albanian Riviera, Albanian Telegraphic Agency, Albanian Vilayet, Albanian wine, Albanians, Albanians in Germany, Albanians in Greece, Albanians in Italy, Albanians in Montenegro, Albanians in North Macedonia, Albanians in Serbia, Albanians in Switzerland, Albanoi, Albanopolis, ... Expand index (834 more) »
- Balkan countries
- Countries and territories where Albanian is an official language
- Member states of NATO
- Member states of the Union for the Mediterranean
- States and territories established in 1912
A2 (Albania)
The A2 motorway (Autostrada or Autostradë 2) is a motorway in Albania spanning across the counties of Fier and Vlorë.
A3 (Albania)
The A3 motorway (Autostrada or Autostradë A3) is a motorway in Albania spanning across the counties of Elbasan and Tirana.
Abdyl Frashëri
Abdyl Dume bey Frashëri (Fraşerli Abdül Bey, or Abdullah Hüsni; 1 June 1839 – 23 October 1892) was an Ottoman Albanian civil servant, politician during the First Constitutional Era of the Ottoman Empire, and one of the first Albanian political ideologues of the Albanian National Awakening.
See Albania and Abdyl Frashëri
Accession of Albania to the European Union
Albania is on the current agenda for future enlargement of the European Union (EU).
See Albania and Accession of Albania to the European Union
Accident
An accident is an unintended, normally unwanted event that was not directly caused by humans.
Accursed Mountains
The Accursed Mountains (Bjeshkët e Nëmuna; Prokletije,; both translated as "Cursed Mountains"), also known as the Albanian Alps (Alpet Shqiptare; Albanske Alpe), is a mountain range in coastal Southeast Europe adjacent to the Adriatic Sea.
See Albania and Accursed Mountains
Adhesive
Adhesive, also known as glue, cement, mucilage, or paste, is any non-metallic substance applied to one or both surfaces of two separate items that binds them together and resists their separation.
Administrative divisions of Albania
The administrative divisions of Albania comprise 12 counties, 61 municipalities, 373 administrative units, and 2,972 villages.
See Albania and Administrative divisions of Albania
Adriatic Sea
The Adriatic Sea is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan Peninsula.
Adriatic–Ionian motorway
Adriatic–Ionian motorway (Autostrada Adriatiko-Joniane; Bosnian and Jadransko-jonska autocesta; Montenegrin and Italian Autostrada Adriatico-Ionica) or Trieste-Kalamata Highway or the Blue Corridor, is a future motorway that will stretch along the entire eastern shore of the Adriatic and Ionian seas, spanning the western coast of the Balkan peninsula from Italy in the north through Slovenia, Croatia, Montenegro, Albania to Greece in the south.
See Albania and Adriatic–Ionian motorway
Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia.
Age of Enlightenment
The Age of Enlightenment (also the Age of Reason and the Enlightenment) was the intellectual and philosophical movement that occurred in Europe in the 17th and the 18th centuries.
See Albania and Age of Enlightenment
Agron of Illyria
Agron (Ἄγρων) was an Illyrian king of the Ardiaean Kingdom in the 3rd century BC, ruling 250–231 BC.
See Albania and Agron of Illyria
Ahmed Izzet Pasha
Ahmed Izzet Pasha (1864 – 31 March 1937), known as Ahmet İzzet Furgaç after the Turkish Surname Law of 1934, was an Ottoman general during World War I. He was also one of the last Grand Viziers of the Ottoman Empire (14 October 1918 – 8 November 1918) and its last Minister of Foreign Affairs.
See Albania and Ahmed Izzet Pasha
Air pollution
Air pollution is the contamination of air due to the presence of substances called pollutants in the atmosphere that are harmful to the health of humans and other living beings, or cause damage to the climate or to materials.
Albania men's national basketball team
The Albania men's national basketball team (Kombëtarja e basketbollit të Shqipërisë) represents Albania in international basketball competitions.
See Albania and Albania men's national basketball team
The Albania national football team (Ekipi kombëtar i futbollit të Shqipërisë) represents Albania in men's international football.
See Albania and Albania national football team
Albania–NATO relations
The accession of Albania to NATO took place in 2009.
See Albania and Albania–NATO relations
Albanian Air Force
The Albanian Air Force (Forca Ajrore e Republikës së Shqipërisë - Air Force of the Republic of Albania) is the air force of Albania and one of the branches of the Albanian Armed Forces.
See Albania and Albanian Air Force
Albanian Armed Forces
The Albanian Armed Forces (Forcat e Armatosura të Republikës së Shqipërisë (FARSH)) are the military of Albania and were formed after the declaration of independence in 1912.
See Albania and Albanian Armed Forces
Albanian art
Albanian art refers to all artistic expressions and artworks in Albania or produced by Albanians.
Albanian Coastal Lowlands
The Coastal Lowlands (Ultësira Bregdetare) is a physiogeographical region encompassing the western edge of Albania.
See Albania and Albanian Coastal Lowlands
Albanian cuisine
Albanian cuisine is a representative of the cuisine of the Mediterranean.
See Albania and Albanian cuisine
Albanian Declaration of Independence
The Albanian Declaration of Independence (Albanian: Deklarata e Pavarësisë) was the declaration of independence of Albania from the Ottoman Empire.
See Albania and Albanian Declaration of Independence
Albanian diaspora
The Albanian diaspora (Mërgata Shqiptare or Diaspora Shqiptare) are the ethnic Albanians and their descendants living outside of Albania, Kosovo, southeastern Montenegro, western North Macedonia, southeastern Serbia, northwestern Greece and Southern Italy.
See Albania and Albanian diaspora
The Albanian Football Federation (Federata Shqiptare e Futbollit; FSHF) is the governing body of football in Albania.
See Albania and Albanian Football Federation
Albanian Kingdom (1928–1939)
The Albanian Kingdom (Tosk Albanian: Mbretëria Shqiptare) was the official name of Albania between 1928 and 1939.
See Albania and Albanian Kingdom (1928–1939)
Albanian Land Forces
The Albanian Land Force (Forca Tokësore të Republikës së Shqipërisë) is the land force branch of the Albanian Armed Forces.
See Albania and Albanian Land Forces
Albanian language
Albanian (endonym: shqip, gjuha shqipe, or arbërisht) is an Indo-European language and the only surviving representative of the Albanoid branch, which belongs to the Paleo-Balkan group.
See Albania and Albanian language
Albanian lek
The lek (leku shqiptar; indefinite singular lek, definite plural lekët, indefinite plural lekë; sign: L; code: ALL) is the currency of Albania.
Albanian literature
Albanian literature stretches back to the Middle Ages and comprises those literary texts and works written in Albanian.
See Albania and Albanian literature
Albanian National Awakening
The Albanian National Awakening (Rilindja or Rilindja Kombëtare), commonly known as the Albanian Renaissance or Albanian Revival, is a period throughout the 19th and 20th century of a cultural, political, and social movement in the Albanian history where the Albanian people gathered strength to establish an independent cultural and political life, as well as the country of Albania.
See Albania and Albanian National Awakening
Albanian National Olympic Committee
The Albanian National Olympic Committee (Albanian: Komiteti Olimpik Kombëtar Shqiptar - KOKSH) is a non-profit organisation and the legal authority of Albania's participation in the Olympic Games.
See Albania and Albanian National Olympic Committee
Albanian Naval Force
The Albanian Naval Force (Forca Detare të Republikës së Shqipërisë) is the naval branch of the Albanian military.
See Albania and Albanian Naval Force
Albanian principalities
The term Albanian Principalities refers to a number of principalities (although they functioned more like a series of kingdoms) created in the Middle Ages in Albania and the surrounding regions in the western Balkans that were ruled by Albanian nobility.
See Albania and Albanian principalities
Albanian Republic (1925–1928)
The Albanian Republic was the official name of Albania as enshrined in the Constitution of 1925.
See Albania and Albanian Republic (1925–1928)
Albanian Riviera
The Albanian Riviera (Riviera shqiptare), also popularly known as Bregu, is a coastline along the north-eastern Ionian Sea in the Mediterranean Sea, encompassing the districts of Sarandë and Vlorë in south-western Albania.
See Albania and Albanian Riviera
Albanian Telegraphic Agency
The Albanian Telegraphic Agency (ATSH) is the official multimedia news agency of the Albanian government.
See Albania and Albanian Telegraphic Agency
Albanian Vilayet
The Albanian Vilayet (ولايت ارناود, Vilâyet-i Arnavid) was a projected vilayet of the Ottoman Empire in the western Balkan Peninsula, which was to include the four Ottoman vilayets with substantial ethnic Albanian populations: Kosovo Vilayet, Scutari Vilayet, Manastir Vilayet, and Janina Vilayet.
See Albania and Albanian Vilayet
Albanian wine
Albanian wine is produced in several regions throughout Albania within the Mediterranean Basin.
Albanians
The Albanians (Shqiptarët) are an ethnic group native to the Balkan Peninsula who share a common Albanian ancestry, culture, history and language.
Albanians in Germany
The Albanians in Germany (Albaner in Deutschland; Shqiptarët në Gjermani) refers to the Albanian migrants in Germany and their descendants.
See Albania and Albanians in Germany
Albanians in Greece
Albanians in Greece (Shqiptarët në Greqi; translit) are people of Albanian ethnicity or ancestry who live in or originate from areas within modern Greece.
See Albania and Albanians in Greece
Albanians in Italy
The Albanians in Italy (Albanesi in Italia; Shqiptarët në Itali) refers to the Albanian migrants in Italy and their descendants.
See Albania and Albanians in Italy
Albanians in Montenegro
Albanians in Montenegro (Shqiptarët e Malit të Zi; translit) are ethnic Albanians who constitute 4.91% of Montenegro's total population.
See Albania and Albanians in Montenegro
Albanians in North Macedonia
Albanians in North Macedonia (Shqiptarët në Maqedoninë e Veriut, translit) are ethnic Albanians who constitute the second largest ethnic group in North Macedonia, forming 446,245 individuals or 24.3% of the resident population.
See Albania and Albanians in North Macedonia
Albanians in Serbia
Albanians in Serbia (Albanci u Srbiji; Shqiptarët në Serbi) are a recognized national minority in Serbia.
See Albania and Albanians in Serbia
Albanians in Switzerland
The Albanians in Switzerland (Albaner in der Schweiz, Albanais en Suisse, Albanesi in Svizzera, Shqiptarët në Zvicër) are Albanian migrants in Switzerland and their descendants.
See Albania and Albanians in Switzerland
Albanoi
The Albanoi (Ἀλβανοί, Albanoi; Albani) were an Illyrian tribe.
Albanopolis
Albanopolis (Albanopolis or Albanët; Albanópolis) was a city in ancient Roman Macedon specifically in Epirus Nova, the city of the Albanoi, an Illyrian tribe.
AlbChrome
AlbChrome is an Albanian-based private company founded in 1948.
Albpetrol
Albpetrol is an Albanian upstream petroleum production and marketing company, which also monitors state petroleum agreements in Albania.
ALBtelecom
ALBtelecom sh.a. (a shortening of Albanian Telecom) was an Albanian telecommunications company.
ALBtelecom Mobile
ALBtelecom Mobile, formerly known as Eagle Mobile, was a mobile communication company that operates in Albania.
See Albania and ALBtelecom Mobile
Aleksandër Meksi
Aleksandër Gabriel Meksi (born March 8, 1939) is an Albanian archaeologist and politician who served as the 28th Prime Minister of Albania from April 13, 1992, to March 11, 1997.
See Albania and Aleksandër Meksi
Aleksandër Stavre Drenova
Aleksandër Stavre Drenova (11 April 187211 December 1947), commonly known by the pen name Asdreni, was an Albanian poet, rilindas, translator, writer and the author of the poem which later became the national anthem of Albania.
See Albania and Aleksandër Stavre Drenova
Alexander the Great
Alexander III of Macedon (Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), most commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon.
See Albania and Alexander the Great
Ali Pasha of Ioannina
Ali Pasha, or Ali Pasha of Tepelena (Ali Tepelena; 1740 – January 24, 1822), commonly known as Ali Pasha of Ioannina, was an Albanian ruler who served as Ottoman pasha of the Pashalik of Yanina, a large part of western Rumelia.
See Albania and Ali Pasha of Ioannina
Alps of Albania National Park
Alps of Albania National Park (Parku Kombëtar Alpet e Shqipërisë) is the largest national park in Albania.
See Albania and Alps of Albania National Park
Amantia
Amantia (Ἀμάντια, Ἀβάντια; Amantia) was an ancient city and the main settlement of the Amantes, traditionally located in southern Illyria in classical antiquity.
Amphitheatre of Durrës
The Amphitheatre of Durrës (Amfiteatri i Durrësit; Amphitheatrum Dyrrhachinum) is a Roman amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Durrës, Albania.
See Albania and Amphitheatre of Durrës
Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe
Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe is a transnational serial nature UNESCO World Heritage Site, encompassing 93 component parts (forests of European beech, Fagus sylvatica) in 18 European countries.
See Albania and Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe
Antea Cement
Antea Cement Sh.A. is a cement manufacturing company in Albania.
Anti-communism
Anti-communism is political and ideological opposition to communist beliefs, groups, and individuals.
See Albania and Anti-communism
Antigonia (Chaonia)
Antigonea, also transliterated as Antigonia and Antigoneia, was an ancient Greek city in Chaonia, Epirus, and the chief inland city of the ancient Chaonians.
See Albania and Antigonia (Chaonia)
Antireligion
Antireligion is opposition to religion or traditional religious beliefs and practices.
Apollonia (Illyria)
Apollonia (Ancient Greek, Koine Greek: Ἀπολλωνία, ἡ; city-ethnic: Ἀπολλωνιάτης, Apolloniates; Apollonia) was an Ancient Greek trade colony which developed into an independent polis, and later a Roman city, in southern Illyria.
See Albania and Apollonia (Illyria)
Apricot
An apricot is a fruit, or the tree that bears the fruit, of several species in the genus Prunus.
Arbëreshë people
The Arbëreshë (Arbëreshët e Italisë; Albanesi d'Italia), also known as Albanians of Italy or Italo-Albanians, are an Albanian ethnolinguistic group minority historically settled in Southern and Insular Italy (in the regions of Abruzzo, Apulia, Basilicata, Campania, Molise, mostly concentrated in the region of Calabria and Sicily).
See Albania and Arbëreshë people
Ardiaei
The Ardiaei were an Illyrian people who resided in the territory of present-day Albania, Kosovo, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Croatia between the Adriatic coast on the south, Konjic on the north, along the Neretva river and its right bank on the west, and extending to Lake Shkodra to the southeast.
Arianiti family
The Arianiti were an Albanian noble family that ruled large areas in Albania and neighbouring areas from the 11th to the 16th century.
See Albania and Arianiti family
ARMO oil refiner
ARMO oil refiner is one of the two oil refiners in Albania.
See Albania and ARMO oil refiner
Arms of Skanderbeg
Skanderbeg (Gjergj Kastrioti) was a prominent figure in the history of Albania.
See Albania and Arms of Skanderbeg
Aromanian language
The Aromanian language (limba armãneascã, limba armãnã, armãneashti, armãneashte, armãneashci, armãneashce or limba rãmãneascã, limba rãmãnã, rrãmãneshti), also known as Vlach or Macedo-Romanian, is an Eastern Romance language, similar to Megleno-Romanian, Istro-Romanian and Romanian, spoken in Southeastern Europe.
See Albania and Aromanian language
Aromanians
The Aromanians (Armãnji, Rrãmãnji) are an ethnic group native to the southern Balkans who speak Aromanian, an Eastern Romance language.
Art Nouveau
Art Nouveau is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts.
Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians
The Ashkali (Aškalije), otherwise known as Hashkali (Haškalije) and/or Balkan Egyptians (Balkanski Egipćani; Komuniteti i Egjiptianëve të Ballkanit; Gjupci), are Albanian-speaking Muslim ethnic cultural minorities (recognized communities), which mainly inhabit Kosovo and southern Serbia, as well as Albania, Montenegro, and North Macedonia.
See Albania and Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians
Asia
Asia is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population.
See Albania and Asia
Assembly of Vlorë
The Assembly of Vlorë (Kuvendi i Vlorës) was an Albanian assembly constituted during the All-Albanian Congress in Vlorë, on November 28, 1912.
See Albania and Assembly of Vlorë
Atheism
Atheism, in the broadest sense, is an absence of belief in the existence of deities.
Aurignacian
The Aurignacian is an archaeological industry of the Upper Paleolithic associated with Early European modern humans (EEMH) lasting from 43,000 to 26,000 years ago.
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918.
See Albania and Austria-Hungary
Authoritarianism is a political system characterized by the rejection of political plurality, the use of strong central power to preserve the political status quo, and reductions in democracy, separation of powers, civil liberties, and the rule of law.
See Albania and Authoritarianism
Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus
The Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus (translit) was a short-lived, self-governing entity founded in the aftermath of the Balkan Wars on 28 February 1914, by the local Greek population in southern Albania (Northern Epirotes).
See Albania and Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus
Autonomy
In developmental psychology and moral, political, and bioethical philosophy, autonomy is the capacity to make an informed, uncoerced decision.
Çorape
Çorape is the Albanian word for socks.
Bachelor's degree
A bachelor's degree (from Medieval Latin baccalaureus) or baccalaureate (from Modern Latin baccalaureatus) is an undergraduate degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to six years (depending on institution and academic discipline).
See Albania and Bachelor's degree
Balance of trade
Balance of trade is the difference between the monetary value of a nation's exports and imports over a certain time period.
See Albania and Balance of trade
Balkan lynx
The Balkan lynx (Lynx lynx balcanicus) is a subspecies of the Eurasian lynx in the genus Lynx.
Balkan mixed forests
The Balkan mixed forests are a terrestrial ecoregion of southeastern Europe according to both the WWF and Digital Map of European Ecological Regions by the European Environment Agency.
See Albania and Balkan mixed forests
Balkans
The Balkans, corresponding partially with the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions.
Banjë Hydro Power Plant
Banjë Hydro Power Plant is a large hydroelectricity plant on the river Devoll situated near the village of Banjë, Albania.
See Albania and Banjë Hydro Power Plant
Bank
A bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and creates a demand deposit while simultaneously making loans.
See Albania and Bank
Basil
Basil (Ocimum basilicum), also called great basil, is a culinary herb of the family Lamiaceae (mints).
Batra mine
The Batra mine is a large chromium mine located in central Albania in Dibër County, east of the capital, Tirana.
Bayezid II
Bayezid II (Bāyezīd-i s̱ānī; II.; 3 December 1447 – 26 May 1512) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1481 to 1512.
Bebe Rexha
Bleta Rexha (born August 30, 1989) is an American singer and songwriter.
Beech
Beech (Fagus) is a genus of deciduous trees in the family Fagaceae, native to temperate Eurasia and North America.
Bektashi Order
The Bektashi Order or Bektashism is an Islamic Sufi mystic order originating in the 13th-century Ottoman Empire.
See Albania and Bektashi Order
Belgrade
Belgrade.
Bell pepper
The bell pepper (also known as sweet pepper, pepper, capsicum or in some places, mangoes) is the fruit of plants in the Grossum Group of the species Capsicum annuum.
Benito Mussolini
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (29 July 188328 April 1945) was an Italian dictator who founded and led the National Fascist Party (PNF).
See Albania and Benito Mussolini
Berat
Berat (Berati) is the ninth most populous city of Albania and the seat of Berat County and Berat Municipality.
Berat County
Berat County (italic), officially the County of Berat (italic), is a county in the Southern Region of the Republic of Albania.
Bibliography of Albania
This is a list of books in the English language which deal with Albania and its geography, history, inhabitants, culture, biota, etc.
See Albania and Bibliography of Albania
Biodiversity
Biodiversity (or biological diversity) is the variety and variability of life on Earth.
Biodiversity action plan
A biodiversity action plan (BAP) is an internationally recognized program addressing threatened species and habitats and is designed to protect and restore biological systems.
See Albania and Biodiversity action plan
Biodiversity hotspot
A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographic region with significant levels of biodiversity that is threatened by human habitation.
See Albania and Biodiversity hotspot
BirdLife International
BirdLife International is a global partnership of non-governmental organizations that strives to conserve birds and their habitats.
See Albania and BirdLife International
Birth rate
Birth rate, also known as natality, is the total number of live human births per 1,000 population for a given period divided by the length of the period in years.
Bitumen
Bitumen is an immensely viscous constituent of petroleum.
Black Drin
The Black Drin, or Black Drim (Drini i Zi; Црн Дрим) is a river in North Macedonia and Albania.
Bleona
Bleona Qereti (born May 14, 1979), also known mononymously as Bleona, is an Albanian and American singer, songwriter, actress, entrepreneur, model and television personality.
Bloomsbury Publishing
Bloomsbury Publishing plc is a British worldwide publishing house of fiction and non-fiction.
See Albania and Bloomsbury Publishing
Body mass index
Body mass index (BMI) is a value derived from the mass (weight) and height of a person.
See Albania and Body mass index
Bologna Process
The Bologna Process is a series of ministerial meetings and agreements between European countries to ensure comparability in the standards and quality of higher-education qualifications.
See Albania and Bologna Process
Bolshevism
Bolshevism (derived from Bolshevik) is a revolutionary socialist current of Soviet Leninist and later Marxist–Leninist political thought and political regime associated with the formation of a rigidly centralized, cohesive and disciplined party of social revolution, focused on overthrowing the existing capitalist state system, seizing power and establishing the "dictatorship of the proletariat".
Border
Borders are usually defined as geographical boundaries, imposed either by features such as oceans and terrain, or by political entities such as governments, sovereign states, federated states, and other subnational entities.
Boreal Kingdom
The Boreal Kingdom or Holarctic Kingdom (Holarctis) is a floristic kingdom identified by botanist Ronald Good (and later by Armen Takhtajan), which includes the temperate to Arctic portions of North America and Eurasia.
See Albania and Boreal Kingdom
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina (Босна и Херцеговина), sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe, situated on the Balkan Peninsula. Albania and Bosnia and Herzegovina are Balkan countries, countries in Europe, member states of the Union for the Mediterranean and member states of the United Nations.
See Albania and Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnian language
Bosnian (bosanski / босански), sometimes referred to as Bosniak language, is the standardized variety of the Serbo-Croatian pluricentric language mainly used by ethnic Bosniaks.
See Albania and Bosnian language
Boston
Boston, officially the City of Boston, is the capital and most populous city in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States.
Brown bear
The brown bear (Ursus arctos) is a large bear native to Eurasia and North America.
Bryges
Bryges or Briges (Βρύγοι or Βρίγες) is the historical name given to a people of the ancient Balkans.
Bulgarian language
Bulgarian (bŭlgarski ezik) is an Eastern South Slavic language spoken in Southeast Europe, primarily in Bulgaria.
See Albania and Bulgarian language
Bulgarians
Bulgarians (bŭlgari) are a nation and South Slavic ethnic group native to Bulgaria and its neighbouring region, who share a common Bulgarian ancestry, culture, history and language.
Bulqizë mine
The Bulqizë mine is a large mine located in central Albania in Dibër County, east of the capital, Tirana.
Buna (Adriatic Sea)
The Buna (Bunë) river, also known as Bojana (Cyrillic: Бојана), is a river in Albania and Montenegro which flows into the Adriatic Sea.
See Albania and Buna (Adriatic Sea)
Bursa
Bursa (Greek: Προῦσα Prusa, Latin: Prusa), historically known as Prusa, is a city in northwestern Turkey and the administrative center of Bursa Province.
Butrint
Butrint (Bouthrōtón, Buthrōtum, Butrint) was an ancient Greek polis and later Roman city and the seat of an early Christian bishopric in Epirus.
Butrint Lagoon
Butrint Lagoon (Laguna e Butrintit) is a salt lagoon south of Saranda, Albania, located in direct proximity of the Ionian Sea.
See Albania and Butrint Lagoon
Butrint National Park
Butrint National Park (Parku Kombëtar i Butrintit) is a national park in Vlorë County, southern Albania.
See Albania and Butrint National Park
Byllis
Byllis (Bylis; Βύλλις; Byllis) or Bullis or Boullis (Βουλλίς) was an ancient city and the chief settlement of the Illyrian tribe of the Bylliones, traditionally located in southern Illyria.
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.
See Albania and Byzantine Empire
Calabria
Calabria is a region in southern Italy.
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is any disease involving the heart or blood vessels.
See Albania and Cardiovascular disease
Cardium pottery
Cardium pottery or Cardial ware is a Neolithic decorative style that gets its name from the imprinting of the clay with the heart-shaped shell of the Corculum cardissa, a member of the cockle family Cardiidae.
See Albania and Cardium pottery
Carp
The term carp (carp) is a generic common name for numerous species of freshwater fish from the family Cyprinidae, a very large clade of ray-finned fish mostly native to Eurasia.
See Albania and Carp
Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity is an international agreement on biosafety as a supplement to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) effective since 2003.
See Albania and Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
Cassander
Cassander (Kássandros; c. 355 BC – 297 BC) was king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia from 305 BC until 297 BC, and de facto ruler of southern Greece from 317 BC until his death.
Casserole
A casserole (French: diminutive of casse, from Provençal cassa, meaning 'pan') is a kind of large, deep pan or bowl used for cooking a variety of dishes in the oven; it is also a category of foods cooked in such a vessel.
Catechism
A catechism (from κατηχέω, "to teach orally") is a summary or exposition of doctrine and serves as a learning introduction to the Sacraments traditionally used in catechesis, or Christian religious teaching of children and adult converts.
Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.
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Catholic Church in Albania
The Catholic Church in Albania is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome.
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Catholic liturgy
Catholic liturgy means the whole complex of official liturgical worship, including all the rites, ceremonies, prayers, and sacraments of the Church, as opposed to private devotions.
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Cement
A cement is a binder, a chemical substance used for construction that sets, hardens, and adheres to other materials to bind them together.
Central European Summer Time
Central European Summer Time (CEST, UTC+02:00), sometimes referred to as Central European Daylight Time (CEDT), is the standard clock time observed during the period of summer daylight-saving in those European countries which observe Central European Time (CET; UTC+01:00) during the other part of the year.
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Central European Time
Central European Time (CET) is a standard time of Central, and parts of Western Europe, which is one hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
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Central Intelligence Agency
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), known informally as the Agency, metonymously as Langley and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT) and conducting covert action through its Directorate of Operations.
See Albania and Central Intelligence Agency
Ceramic
A ceramic is any of the various hard, brittle, heat-resistant, and corrosion-resistant materials made by shaping and then firing an inorganic, nonmetallic material, such as clay, at a high temperature.
Ceraunian Mountains
The Ceraunian Mountains (Malet e Vetëtimës,, 'Thunderbolt Mountains') are a coastal mountain range in southwestern Albania, within the Vlorë County.
See Albania and Ceraunian Mountains
Cetina
Cetina is a river in southern Croatia.
Chameria
Chameria (Çamëria; Τσαμουριά, Tsamouriá; Çamlık) is a term used today mostly by Albanians to refer to parts of the coastal region of Epirus in southern Albania and Greece, traditionally associated with the Albanian ethnic subgroup of the Chams.
Channel of Vivari
The Vivari Channel (Albanian: Kanali i Butrintit, also known as Butrinto River) links Lake Butrint in the extreme south of Albania with the Straits of Corfu, and forms a border of the peninsula of Butrint.
See Albania and Channel of Vivari
Chaonians
The Chaonians (Cháones) were an ancient Greek people that inhabited the historical region of Epirus which today is part of northwestern Greece and southern Albania.
Charles I of Anjou
Charles I (early 1226/12277 January 1285), commonly called Charles of Anjou or Charles d'Anjou, was a member of the royal Capetian dynasty and the founder of the second House of Anjou.
See Albania and Charles I of Anjou
Cherry
A cherry is the fruit of many plants of the genus Prunus, and is a fleshy drupe (stone fruit).
Christian art
Christian art is sacred art which uses subjects, themes, and imagery from Christianity.
Christianity in Albania
Christianity in Albania began when Christians arrived in Illyria soon after the time of Jesus, with a bishop being appointed in Dyrrhachium (Epidamnus) in 58AD.
See Albania and Christianity in Albania
Chromium
Chromium is a chemical element; it has symbol Cr and atomic number 24.
Circumboreal Region
The Circumboreal Region in phytogeography is a floristic region within the Holarctic Kingdom in Eurasia and North America, as delineated by such geobotanists as Josias Braun-Blanquet and Armen Takhtajan.
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Civil Aviation Authority (Albania)
The Albanian Civil Aviation Authority (AAC) (Autoriteti i Aviacionit Civil të Shqipërisë), formerly the General Directorate of Civil Aviation (Drejtoria e Pergjithshme e Aviacionit Civil, DPAC) is the civil aviation authority of Albania, headquartered in Tirana.
See Albania and Civil Aviation Authority (Albania)
Civilization
A civilization (civilisation) is any complex society characterized by the development of the state, social stratification, urbanization, and symbolic systems of communication beyond signed or spoken languages (namely, writing systems and graphic arts).
Classical antiquity
Classical antiquity, also known as the classical era, classical period, classical age, or simply antiquity, is the period of cultural European history between the 8th century BC and the 5th century AD comprising the interwoven civilizations of ancient Greece and ancient Rome known together as the Greco-Roman world, centered on the Mediterranean Basin.
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Cleitus (son of Bardylis)
Cleitus (Ancient Greek: Κλεῖτος; ruled 356335 BC) was an Illyrian ruler, the son of the King Bardylis and the father of Bardylis II.
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Climate
Climate is the long-term weather pattern in a region, typically averaged over 30 years.
Climate of Albania
Albania has a variety of climate systems.
See Albania and Climate of Albania
CNN International
Cable News Network International or CNN International (CNNi, simply branded on-air as CNN) is an international television channel and website, owned by CNN Worldwide.
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Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a heraldic visual design on an escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the last two being outer garments).
Coat of arms of Albania
The coat of arms of Albania (Albanian: Stema e Republikës së Shqipërisë) is an adaptation of the flag of Albania and is based on the symbols of Gjergj Kastrioti Skanderbeg.
See Albania and Coat of arms of Albania
Columbia University
Columbia University, officially Columbia University in the City of New York, is a private Ivy League research university in New York City.
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Commander-in-chief
A commander-in-chief or supreme commander is the person who exercises supreme command and control over an armed force or a military branch.
See Albania and Commander-in-chief
Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe
The Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), also known as the U.S. Helsinki Commission, is an independent U.S. government agency created by Congress in 1975 to monitor and encourage compliance with the Helsinki Final Act and other Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) commitments.
See Albania and Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe
Communes of Albania
Communes (komuna or komunat), officially known as administrative units (njësite administrative) or units of local administration, government, or governance (njësite të qeverisjes vendore) since 2015, are the 373 third-level administrative divisions of Albania which serve as its local government.
See Albania and Communes of Albania
Communism
Communism (from Latin label) is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered around common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange that allocates products to everyone in the society based on need.
Compulsory education
Compulsory education refers to a period of education that is required of all people and is imposed by the government.
See Albania and Compulsory education
Congress of Durrës
The Congress of Durrës was a conference of Albanian political leaders, held from December 25 to December 27, 1918, in Durrës, at the time capital of the Principality of Albania.
See Albania and Congress of Durrës
Conservation biology
Conservation biology is the study of the conservation of nature and of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction and the erosion of biotic interactions.
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Constantinople
Constantinople (see other names) became the capital of the Roman Empire during the reign of Constantine the Great in 330.
See Albania and Constantinople
Constitution of Albania
The present Constitution of the Republic of Albania (Kushtetuta e Republikës së Shqipërisë) was adopted by the Parliament of Albania on 21 October 1998 and certified by presidential decree on 28 November 1998, following a public referendum which approved the new Constitution.
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The Constitution of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania was the constitution used in the People's Socialist Republic of Albania.
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Constitutional Court of Albania
The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania (Gjykata Kushtetuese e Republikës së Shqipërisë) is the highest authority in Albania's legal system that defends and assures the respect of the Constitution of Albania.
See Albania and Constitutional Court of Albania
Continental climate
Continental climates often have a significant annual variation in temperature (warm to hot summers and cold winters).
See Albania and Continental climate
Convention on Biological Diversity
The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), known informally as the Biodiversity Convention, is a multilateral treaty.
See Albania and Convention on Biological Diversity
Cottage cheese
Cottage cheese is a curdled milk product with a mild flavour and a creamy, heterogeneous, soupy texture, made from skimmed milk.
See Albania and Cottage cheese
Counties of Albania
Counties (lang or lang), also sometimes known as prefectures (lang), are the first-level administrative subdivisions of Albania, replacing the earlier districts.
See Albania and Counties of Albania
Crêpe
A crêpe or crepe is a dish made from unleavened batter or dough that is cooked on a frying pan or a griddle.
Crustacean
Crustaceans are a group of arthropods that are a part of the subphylum Crustacea, a large, diverse group of mainly aquatic arthropods including decapods (shrimps, prawns, crabs, lobsters and crayfish), seed shrimp, branchiopods, fish lice, krill, remipedes, isopods, barnacles, copepods, opossum shrimps, amphipods and mantis shrimp.
Culture of Albania
Albanian culture or the culture of Albanians is a term that embodies the artistic, culinary, literary, musical, political and social elements that are representative of ethnic Albanians, which implies not just Albanians of the country of Albania but also Albanians of Kosovo, North Macedonia and Montenegro, where ethnic Albanians are a native population.
See Albania and Culture of Albania
Cuneus Prophetarum
Cuneus Prophetarum (Çeta e profetëve, The Band of the Prophets) is a philosophical, theological and scientific treatise written by Pjetër Bogdani, an Albanian philosopher, originally published in Padua in 1685 in Albanian and Latin.
See Albania and Cuneus Prophetarum
Dairy product
Dairy products or milk products, also known as lacticinia, are food products made from (or containing) milk.
Dajti Mountain National Park
Dajti Mountain National Park (Parku Kombëtar "Mali i Dajtit") is a national park established in 1966 in central Albania, spanning an area of since 2006.
See Albania and Dajti Mountain National Park
Dalmatia
Dalmatia (Dalmacija; Dalmazia; see names in other languages) is one of the four historical regions of Croatia, alongside Central Croatia, Slavonia, and Istria, located on the east shore of the Adriatic Sea in Croatia.
Dalmatian pelican
The Dalmatian pelican (Pelecanus crispus) is the largest member of the pelican family, and perhaps the world's largest freshwater bird, although rivaled in weight and length by the largest swans.
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Danube
The Danube (see also other names) is the second-longest river in Europe, after the Volga in Russia.
David Selenica
David Selenica (17th century18th century), also commonly known as Selenicasi, was an Albanian Orthodox icon and fresco painter of the Post-Byzantine period in the seventeenth century.
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Democratic Party of Albania
The Democratic Party of Albania (Partia Demokratike e Shqipërisë, PD or PDSH) is a conservative political party in Albania.
See Albania and Democratic Party of Albania
Demographics of Albania
Demographic features of the population of Albania include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.
See Albania and Demographics of Albania
Despotate of Arta
The Despotate of Arta (Despotati i Artës; Δεσποτάτο της Άρτας) was a despotate established by Albanian rulers during the 14th century, after the defeat of the local Despot of Epirus, Nikephoros II Orsini, by Albanian tribesmen in the Battle of Achelous in 1359 and ceased to exist in 1416, when it passed to Carlo I Tocco.
See Albania and Despotate of Arta
Despotate of Epirus
The Despotate of Epirus (Δεσποτᾶτον τῆς Ἠπείρου) was one of the Greek successor states of the Byzantine Empire established in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade in 1204 by a branch of the Angelos dynasty.
See Albania and Despotate of Epirus
Deutsche Welle
("German Wave"), commonly shortened to DW, is a German public, state-owned international broadcaster funded by the German federal tax budget.
See Albania and Deutsche Welle
Developed country
A developed country, or advanced country, is a sovereign state that has a high quality of life, developed economy, and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations.
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Developing country
A developing country is a sovereign state with a less developed industrial base and a lower Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries.
See Albania and Developing country
Devoll (river)
The Devoll (Devoll; Devolli) is a river in southern Albania.
See Albania and Devoll (river)
Devshirme
Devshirme (collecting, usually translated as "child levy" or "blood tax") was the Ottoman practice of forcibly recruiting soldiers and bureaucrats from among the children of their Balkan Christian subjects and raising them in the religion of Islam.
Dibër County
Dibër County (Qarku i Dibrës) is one of the 12 counties of the Republic of Albania, spanning a surface area of with the capital in Peshkopi.
Dinaric Mountains mixed forests
The Dinaric Mountains mixed forests are a terrestrial ecoregion of the temperate broadleaf and mixed forests biome in Southeastern Europe, according to both the WWF and Digital Map of European Ecological Regions by the European Environment Agency.
See Albania and Dinaric Mountains mixed forests
Districts of Albania
Districts (lang or lang) were first and second-level administrative divisions of Albania from 19132000.
See Albania and Districts of Albania
Doctorate
A doctorate (from Latin doctor, meaning "teacher") or doctoral degree is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities and some other educational institutions, derived from the ancient formalism licentia docendi ("licence to teach").
Dora d'Istria
Dora d'Istria, pen name of duchess Helena Koltsova-Massalskaya, born Elena Ghica (Gjika) (22 January 1828, Bucharest – 17 November 1888, Florence), was a Romanian Romantic writer and feminist.
Double-headed eagle
The double-headed eagle is an iconographic symbol originating in the Bronze Age.
See Albania and Double-headed eagle
Doukas
The House of Doukas (pl. Doukai; Δούκας, pl. Δούκαι, feminine form Doukaina; Δούκαινα), Latinized as Ducas, was a Byzantine Greek noble family, whose branches provided several notable generals and rulers to the Byzantine Empire in the 9th–11th centuries.
Drin (river)
The Drin (Drin or Drini; Drim) is a river in Southeastern Europe with two major tributaries – the White Drin and the Black Drin and two distributaries – one discharging into the Adriatic Sea, in the Gulf of Drin and the other into the Bojana River.
Dukagjini family
The Dukagjini are an Albanian noble family which ruled over an area of Northern Albania and Western Kosovo known as the Principality of Dukagjini in the 14th and 15th centuries.
See Albania and Dukagjini family
Durrës
Durrës (Durrësi) is the second-most-populous city of the Republic of Albania and seat of Durrës County and Durrës Municipality.
Durrës County
Durrës County (Qarku i Durrësit), officially the County of Durrës (italic), is a county in the Northern Region of the Republic of Albania.
Durrës-Kukës Highway
The A1 (Autostrada A1), also commonly Rruga e Kombit or SH10, is the longest and only toll motorway in Albania, stretching in the counties of Lezhë and Kukës.
See Albania and Durrës-Kukës Highway
Earthquake
An earthquakealso called a quake, tremor, or tembloris the shaking of the Earth's surface resulting from a sudden release of energy in the lithosphere that creates seismic waves.
East–West Schism
The East–West Schism, also known as the Great Schism or the Schism of 1054, is the break of communion between the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches since 1054.
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Eastern Orthodox Church
The Eastern Orthodox Church, officially the Orthodox Catholic Church, and also called the Greek Orthodox Church or simply the Orthodox Church, is the second-largest Christian church, with approximately 230 million baptised members.
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Eastern Orthodoxy
Eastern Orthodoxy, otherwise known as Eastern Orthodox Christianity or Byzantine Christianity, is one of the three main branches of Chalcedonian Christianity, alongside Catholicism and Protestantism.
See Albania and Eastern Orthodoxy
Eastern Orthodoxy in Albania
Eastern Orthodoxy arrived in the areas of Illyrii proprie dicti or Principality of Arbanon during the period of Byzantine Empire.
See Albania and Eastern Orthodoxy in Albania
Economy of Albania
The economy of Albania went through a process of transition from a centralized economy to a market-based economy on the principles of the free market.
See Albania and Economy of Albania
Ecoregion
An ecoregion (ecological region) is an ecologically and geographically defined area that is smaller than a bioregion, which in turn is smaller than a biogeographic realm.
Edi Rama
Edi Rama (born Edvin Rama on 4 July 1964) is an Albanian politician, painter, writer, former university lecturer, publicist and former basketball player, who has been serving as the 33rd and incumbent Prime Minister of Albania since 2013 and chairman of the Socialist Party of Albania since 2005.
Egyptian vulture
The Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus), also called the white scavenger vulture or pharaoh's chicken, is a small Old World vulture in the monotypic genus Neophron.
See Albania and Egyptian vulture
Elbasan
Elbasan (Elbasani) is the fourth most populous city of Albania and seat of Elbasan County and Elbasan Municipality.
Elbasan County
Elbasan County is one of the 12 counties of Albania.
See Albania and Elbasan County
Elderly Assembly
The Elderly Assembly (Pleqënia) was a senate of Albania which independence was declared on 28 November 1912 in Vlorë (then Ottoman Empire, today Republic of Albania).
See Albania and Elderly Assembly
Electronic and Postal Communications Authority (Albania)
The Electronic and Postal Communications Authority (Autoriteti i Komunikimeve Elektronike dhe Postare, often abbreviated as AKEP) is the regulatory body in the electronic communications and postal services field, which supervises the regulatory framework provided for in the law on electronic communications and the law on postal services, and development policies defined by the Council of Ministers.
See Albania and Electronic and Postal Communications Authority (Albania)
Electronics industry
The electronics industry is the economic sector that produces electronic devices.
See Albania and Electronics industry
Elvana Gjata
Elvana Gjata (born 3 February 1987) is an Albanian singer, songwriter and entrepreneur.
Empire of Nicaea
The Empire of Nicaea (Βασιλεία Ῥωμαίων) or the Nicene Empire was the largest of the three Byzantine GreekA Short history of Greece from early times to 1964 by W. A. Heurtley, H. C. Darby, C. W. Crawley, C. M. Woodhouse (1967), p. 55: "There in the prosperous city of Nicaea, Theodoros Laskaris, the son in law of a former Byzantine Emperor, establish a court that soon become the Small but reviving Greek empire." rump states founded by the aristocracy of the Byzantine Empire that fled when Constantinople was occupied by Western European and Venetian armed forces during the Fourth Crusade, a military event known as the Sack of Constantinople.
See Albania and Empire of Nicaea
Endangered species
An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction.
See Albania and Endangered species
Energy development
Energy development is the field of activities focused on obtaining sources of energy from natural resources.
See Albania and Energy development
Energy industry
The energy industry is the totality of all of the industries involved in the production and sale of energy, including fuel extraction, manufacturing, refining and distribution.
See Albania and Energy industry
Enver Hoxha
Enver Hoxha (16 October 190811 April 1985) was an Albanian communist politician who was the ruler of Albania from 1944 until his death in 1985.
Environmental Performance Index
The Environmental Performance Index (EPI) is a method of quantifying and numerically marking the environmental performance of a state's policies.
See Albania and Environmental Performance Index
Epic film
Epic films have large scale, sweeping scope, and spectacle.
Epicenter
The epicenter, epicentre, or epicentrum in seismology is the point on the Earth's surface directly above a hypocenter or focus, the point where an earthquake or an underground explosion originates.
Epidamnos
The city of Epidamnos (Επίδαμνος), later the Roman Dyrrachium (Δυρράχιον; modern Durrës, Albania), was founded in 627 BC in Illyria by Greeks from Corinth and Corcyra (modern Corfu).
Epirus
Epirus is a geographical and historical region in southeastern Europe, now shared between Greece and Albania.
Epirus (ancient state)
Epirus (Epirote Greek: Ἄπειρος,; Attic Greek: Ἤπειρος) was an ancient Greek kingdom, and later republic, located in the geographical region of Epirus, in parts of north-western Greece and southern Albania. Home to the ancient Epirotes, the state was bordered by the Aetolian League to the south, Ancient Thessaly and Ancient Macedonia to the east, and Illyrian tribes to the north.
See Albania and Epirus (ancient state)
Era Istrefi
Era Istrefi (born 4 July 1994) is a Kosovo-Albanian singer and songwriter.
Ermonela Jaho
Ermonela Jaho (born July 18, 1974) is an Albanian operatic soprano.
Essad Toptani
Essad Toptani (1863/4 or 1875 – 13 June 1920) was an Albanian politician who served as the third prime minister of Albania from 1914 to 1916.
Essential oil
An essential oil is a concentrated hydrophobic liquid containing volatile (easily evaporated at normal temperatures) chemical compounds from plants.
Ethnogenesis
Ethnogenesis is the formation and development of an ethnic group.
Eurasia
Eurasia is the largest continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia.
Euronews
Euronews (stylised in lowercase) is a European television news network, headquartered in Lyon, France.
Europe
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.
European Commission
The European Commission (EC) is the primary executive arm of the European Union (EU).
See Albania and European Commission
The European Economic Community (EEC) was a regional organisation created by the Treaty of Rome of 1957,Today the largely rewritten treaty continues in force as the Treaty on the functioning of the European Union, as renamed by the Lisbon Treaty.
See Albania and European Economic Community
European Green Belt
The European Green Belt initiative is a grassroots movement for nature conservation and sustainable development along the corridor of the former Iron Curtain.
See Albania and European Green Belt
European Union
The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe.
See Albania and European Union
European Weightlifting Championships
European Weightlifting Championships is an annual event organised by the European Weightlifting Federation (EWF).
See Albania and European Weightlifting Championships
Eurostat
Eurostat ('European Statistical Office'; DG ESTAT) is a Directorate-General of the European Commission located in the Kirchberg quarter of Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.
Evangelicalism
Evangelicalism, also called evangelical Christianity or evangelical Protestantism, is a worldwide interdenominational movement within Protestant Christianity that emphasizes the centrality of sharing the "good news" of Christianity, being "born again" in which an individual experiences personal conversion, as authoritatively guided by the Bible, God's revelation to humanity.
See Albania and Evangelicalism
Expansion of Macedonia under Philip II
Under the reign of Philip II (359–336 BC), the ancient kingdom of Macedonia, initially at the periphery of classical Greek affairs, came to dominate Ancient Greece in the span of just 25 years, largely thanks to the character and policies of its king.
See Albania and Expansion of Macedonia under Philip II
Expulsion of Cham Albanians
The expulsion of Cham Albanians from Greece was the forced migration and ethnic cleansing of thousands of Cham Albanians from settlements of Chameria in Thesprotia, Greece - after the Second World War to Albania, at the hands of elements of the Greek Resistance: the National Republican Greek League (EDES) (1944) and EDES veteran resistance fighters (1945).
See Albania and Expulsion of Cham Albanians
Fall of communism in Albania
The fall of communism in Albania, the last such event in Europe outside the Soviet Union, started in December 1990 with student demonstrations in the capital, Tirana, although protests started in January that year in other cities like Shkodra and Kavaja.
See Albania and Fall of communism in Albania
Fall of Constantinople
The fall of Constantinople, also known as the conquest of Constantinople, was the capture of the capital of the Byzantine Empire by the Ottoman Empire.
See Albania and Fall of Constantinople
Fan Noli
Theofan Stilian Noli, known as Fan Noli (6 January 1882 – 13 March 1965), was an Albanian-American writer, scholar, diplomat, politician, historian, orator, Archbishop, Metropolitan and founder of the Albanian Orthodox Church and the Albanian Orthodox Archdiocese in America who served as Prime Minister and regent of Albania in 1924 during the June Revolution.
FC Dinamo City
Football Club Dinamo Tirana, commonly referred to as Dinamo Tirana and colloquially known as Dinamo, is an Albanian professional football club based in Tirana.
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Federal Research Division
The Federal Research Division (FRD) is the research and analysis unit of the United States Library of Congress.
See Albania and Federal Research Division
Festivali i Këngës
(), commonly known as and also referred to as simply FiK or Fest, is an annual music competition in Albania organised by the national broadcaster i (RTSH).
See Albania and Festivali i Këngës
Feta
Feta (φέτα) is a Greek brined white cheese made from sheep's milk or from a mixture of sheep and goat's milk.
See Albania and Feta
Fier
Fier (Fieri) is the seventh most populous city of the Republic of Albania and seat of Fier County and Fier Municipality.
See Albania and Fier
Fier County
Fier County (italic), officially the County of Fier (italic), is a county in the Southern Region of the Republic of Albania.
Fierza Hydroelectric Power Station
The Fierza Hydroelectric Power Station (Hidrocentrali i Fierzës) is a large hydroelectric power station on the Drin River, in Albania.
See Albania and Fierza Hydroelectric Power Station
FIFA
The Fédération Internationale de Football Association, more commonly known by its acronym FIFA, is the international self-regulatory governing body of association football, beach soccer, and futsal.
See Albania and FIFA
FIFA Men's World Ranking
The FIFA Men's World Ranking is a ranking system for men's national teams in association football, led by Argentina.
See Albania and FIFA Men's World Ranking
Fig
The fig is the edible fruit of Ficus carica, a species of small tree in the flowering plant family Moraceae, native to the Mediterranean region, together with western and southern Asia.
See Albania and Fig
Film
A film (British English) also called a movie (American English), motion picture, moving picture, picture, photoplay or (slang) flick is a work of visual art that simulates experiences and otherwise communicates ideas, stories, perceptions, feelings, beauty, or atmosphere through the use of moving images.
See Albania and Film
Fir
Firs are evergreen coniferous trees belonging to the genus Abies in the family Pinaceae.
See Albania and Fir
Fir of Hotovë-Dangëlli National Park
Fir of Hotovë-Dangëlli National Park (Parku Kombëtar "Bredhi i Hotovës-Dangëlli") is the largest national park in Albania located in Gjirokastër County with a surface area of.
See Albania and Fir of Hotovë-Dangëlli National Park
First language
A first language (L1), native language, native tongue, or mother tongue is the first language a person has been exposed to from birth or within the critical period.
See Albania and First language
Fixed exchange rate system
A fixed exchange rate, often called a pegged exchange rate, is a type of exchange rate regime in which a currency's value is fixed or pegged by a monetary authority against the value of another currency, a basket of other currencies, or another measure of value, such as gold.
See Albania and Fixed exchange rate system
FK Partizani Tirana
Futboll Klub Partizani is an Albanian professional football club based in Tirana, that competes in the Kategoria Superiore.
See Albania and FK Partizani Tirana
Flag carrier
A flag carrier is a transport company, such as an airline or shipping company, that, being locally registered in a given sovereign state, enjoys preferential rights or privileges accorded by the government for international operations.
Flag of Albania
The flag of Albania (Flamuri i Shqipërisë) depicts a silhouetted black double-headed eagle in the center of a red background.
See Albania and Flag of Albania
Flia
Flia, also known as fli or flija, is a dish of Albanian cuisine.
See Albania and Flia
Flint
Flint, occasionally flintstone, is a sedimentary cryptocrystalline form of the mineral quartz, categorized as the variety of chert that occurs in chalk or marly limestone.
Folklore
Folklore is the body of expressive culture shared by a particular group of people, culture or subculture.
Food and Agriculture Organization
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsOrganisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture; Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l'alimentazione e l'agricoltura.
See Albania and Food and Agriculture Organization
Food industry
The food industry is a complex, global network of diverse businesses that supplies most of the food consumed by the world's population.
Football is the most popular sport in Albania, both at a participatory and spectator level.
See Albania and Football in Albania
Forbes
Forbes is an American business magazine founded by B. C. Forbes in 1917 and owned by Hong Kong-based investment group Integrated Whale Media Investments since 2014.
Foreign direct investment
A foreign direct investment (FDI) refers to purchase of an asset in another country, such that it gives direct control to the purchaser over the asset (e.g. purchase of land and building).
See Albania and Foreign direct investment
Foreign language
A foreign language is a language that is not an official language of, nor typically spoken in, a specific country.
See Albania and Foreign language
Foreign relations of Albania
The foreign relations of Albania are its relations with other governments and peoples.
See Albania and Foreign relations of Albania
Fortress of Bashtovë
The Fortress of Bashtovë (Kalaja e Bashtovës) is a medieval quadrangular fortress located close to the outflow of the Shkumbin River into the Adriatic Sea in central Albania.
See Albania and Fortress of Bashtovë
Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
The Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities (FCNM) is a multilateral treaty of the Council of Europe aimed at protecting the rights of minorities.
See Albania and Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
Frang Bardhi
Frang Bardhi (Latin: Franciscus Blancus, Francesco Bianchi, 1606–1643) was an Albanian Catholic bishop and Old Albanian author.
Freedom House
Freedom House is a non-profit organization based in Washington, D.C. It is best known for political advocacy surrounding issues of democracy, political freedom, and human rights.
Freedom in the World
Freedom in the World is a yearly survey and report by the U.S.-based non-governmental organization Freedom House that measures the degree of civil liberties and political rights in every nation and significant related and disputed territories around the world.
See Albania and Freedom in the World
Freedom of conscience
Freedom of conscience is the freedom of an individual to act upon their moral beliefs.
See Albania and Freedom of conscience
Freedom of religion
Freedom of religion or religious liberty is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or community, in public or private, to manifest religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance.
See Albania and Freedom of religion
Freedom of speech
Freedom of speech is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation, censorship, or legal sanction.
See Albania and Freedom of speech
Freedom of the press
Freedom of the press or freedom of the media is the fundamental principle that communication and expression through various media, including printed and electronic media, especially published materials, should be considered a right to be exercised freely.
See Albania and Freedom of the press
Fresco
Fresco (or frescoes) is a technique of mural painting executed upon freshly laid ("wet") lime plaster.
Friedrich Ebert Foundation
The Friedrich Ebert Foundation (German: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung e.V.; Abbreviation: FES) is a German political party foundation associated with, but independent from, the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD).
See Albania and Friedrich Ebert Foundation
Fruit preserves
Fruit preserves are preparations of fruits whose main preserving agent is sugar and sometimes acid, often stored in glass jars and used as a condiment or spread.
See Albania and Fruit preserves
Fushë-Krujë
Fushë-Krujë is a city in Durrës County, Albania.
Fustanella
Fustanella (for spelling in various languages, see chart below) is a traditional pleated skirt-like garment that is also referred to as a kilt worn by men in the Balkans.
Gender equality
Gender equality, also known as sexual equality or equality of the sexes, is the state of equal ease of access to resources and opportunities regardless of gender, including economic participation and decision-making; and the state of valuing different behaviors, aspirations, and needs equally, regardless of gender.
See Albania and Gender equality
Gentiana lutea
Gentiana lutea, the great yellow gentian, is a species of gentian native to the mountains of central and southern Europe.
See Albania and Gentiana lutea
Gentius
Gentius (Genti; Γένθιος, "Génthios"; 181168 BC) was an Illyrian king who belonged to the Labeatan dynasty.
Geography of Albania
Albania is a country in southeastern Europe that lies along the Adriatic and Ionian Seas, with a coastline spanning approximately.
See Albania and Geography of Albania
German language
German (Standard High German: Deutsch) is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, mainly spoken in Western and Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and official or co-official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and the Italian province of South Tyrol.
See Albania and German language
German occupation of Albania
The German occupation of Albania occurred between 1943 and 1944 during World War II.
See Albania and German occupation of Albania
Gheg Albanian
Gheg or Geg (Gheg Albanian: gegnisht, Standard gegërisht) is one of the two major varieties of Albanian, the other being Tosk.
Ghegs
The Ghegs (also spelled as Gegs; Gegët) are one of two major ethnic subgroups of Albanians (the other being the Tosks).
Gjin Progoni
Gjin Progoni (Ginius) was an archon (or lord) of Kruja, located in present-day Albania, from c. 1198 until his death in 1208.
Gjirokastër
Gjirokastër (Gjirokastra) is a city in southern Albania and the seat of Gjirokastër County and Gjirokastër Municipality.
Gjirokastër County
Gjirokastër County (Qarku i Gjirokastrës) is one of the 12 counties of Albania.
See Albania and Gjirokastër County
Gjon Buzuku
Gjon Buzuku (c. 1499 – c. 1577) was an Albanian Catholic priest and a prominent Old Albanian author, who wrote the first known printed book in Albanian.
Glacier
A glacier is a persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving downhill under its own weight.
Glaucias of Taulantii
Glaucias (Γλαυκίας; ruled c. 335 – c. 295 BC) was a ruler of the Taulantian kingdom which dominated southern Illyrian affairs in the second half of the 4th century BC.
See Albania and Glaucias of Taulantii
Global Innovation Index
The Global Innovation Index is an annual ranking of countries by their capacity for, and success in, innovation, published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).
See Albania and Global Innovation Index
Golden eagle
The golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) is a bird of prey living in the Northern Hemisphere.
Golden jackal
The golden jackal (Canis aureus), also called the common jackal, is a wolf-like canid that is native to Eurasia.
Golem of Kruja
Golem was an Albanian nobleman who ruled the Principality of Arbanon, in its phase of semi-independency.
See Albania and Golem of Kruja
Gora dialect
The Gorani or Goranski, also Našinski ("Our language") language, is the variety of South Slavic spoken by the Gorani people in the border area between Kosovo, North Macedonia, and Albania.
Gorani people
The Gorani or Goranci, are a Slavic Muslim ethnic group inhabiting the Gora region—the triangle between Kosovo, Albania, and North Macedonia.
Grammy Awards
The Grammy Awards, stylized as GRAMMY, and often referred to as the Grammys, are awards presented by the Recording Academy of the United States to recognize outstanding achievements in the music industry.
Grand vizier
Grand vizier (vazîr-i aʾzam; sadr-ı aʾzam; sadrazam) was the title of the effective head of government of many sovereign states in the Islamic world.
Great power
A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale.
Great Recession
The Great Recession was a period of marked decline in economies around the world that occurred in the late 2000s.
See Albania and Great Recession
Greater Albania
Greater Albania (Shqipëria e Madhe) is an irredentist and nationalist concept that seeks to unify the lands that many Albanians consider to form their national homeland.
See Albania and Greater Albania
Greater flamingo
The greater flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) is the most widespread and largest species of the flamingo family.
See Albania and Greater flamingo
Greece
Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. Albania and Greece are Balkan countries, countries in Europe, member states of NATO, member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, member states of the Union for the Mediterranean, member states of the United Nations and republics.
Greek colonisation
Greek colonisation refers to the expansion of Archaic Greeks, particularly during the 8th–6th centuries BC, across the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea.
See Albania and Greek colonisation
Greek language
Greek (Elliniká,; Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean.
See Albania and Greek language
Greeks
The Greeks or Hellenes (Έλληνες, Éllines) are an ethnic group and nation native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Anatolia, parts of Italy and Egypt, and to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea. They also form a significant diaspora, with many Greek communities established around the world..
Greeks in Albania
The Greeks in Albania are ethnic Greeks who live in or originate from areas within modern Albania.
See Albania and Greeks in Albania
Green sea turtle
The green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas), also known as the green turtle, black (sea) turtle or Pacific green turtle, is a species of large sea turtle of the family Cheloniidae.
See Albania and Green sea turtle
Greenhouse gas emissions
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from human activities intensify the greenhouse effect.
See Albania and Greenhouse gas emissions
Gregorios Kamonas
Gregorios Kamonas (?) was the Greek-Albanian Lord or Prince of Krujë (Arbanon) in.
See Albania and Gregorios Kamonas
Gross domestic product
Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and rendered in a specific time period by a country or countries.
See Albania and Gross domestic product
Gusinje
Gusinje (Гусиње,; Gucia) is a small town in Montenegro in the northern region.
Hazard
A hazard is a potential source of harm.
Head of government
In the executive branch, the head of government is the highest or the second-highest official of a sovereign state, a federated state, or a self-governing colony, autonomous region, or other government who often presides over a cabinet, a group of ministers or secretaries who lead executive departments.
See Albania and Head of government
Head of state
A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona of a sovereign state.
Health care
Health care, or healthcare, is the improvement of health via the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, amelioration or cure of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in people.
Hekurudha Shqiptare
Hekurudha Shqiptare or HSH (Albanian Railways) is the state-owned operator of the Albanian railway system and became a private company in 2005.
See Albania and Hekurudha Shqiptare
Helen of Anjou
Helen of Anjou (Јелена Анжујска, Jelena Anžujska,; c. 1235 – 8 February 1314) was the queen consort of the Serbian Kingdom, as the spouse of King Stefan Uroš I, who ruled from 1243 to 1276.
See Albania and Helen of Anjou
Himarë
Himarë (Himara; Χιμάρα, Chimara or Χειμάρρα, Cheimarra) is a municipality and region in Vlorë County, southern Albania.
Himni i Flamurit
"Himni i Flamurit" is the national anthem of Albania, adopted in 1912.
See Albania and Himni i Flamurit
Historic Centres of Berat and Gjirokastër
The Historic Centres of Berat and Gjirokastër (Qendrat historike të Beratit dhe Gjirokastrës) encompasses the cities of Berat and Gjirokastër in southern Albania.
See Albania and Historic Centres of Berat and Gjirokastër
Historicism (art)
Historicism or historism comprises artistic styles that draw their inspiration from recreating historic styles or imitating the work of historic artists and artisans.
See Albania and Historicism (art)
History of Albania
During classical antiquity, Albania was home to several Illyrian tribes such as the Albanoi, Ardiaei, Bylliones, Dassaretii, Enchele, Labeatae, Taulantii, Parthini, Penestae, Amantes, and many others, but also Bryges and Epirote tribes, as well as several Greek colonies established on the Illyrian coast in cooperation with the local Illyrians, notably Epidamnos-Dyrrhachium and Apollonia.
See Albania and History of Albania
History of architecture
The history of architecture traces the changes in architecture through various traditions, regions, overarching stylistic trends, and dates.
See Albania and History of architecture
History of the Jews in Albania
The history of the Jews in Albania dates back about 2,000 years.
See Albania and History of the Jews in Albania
History of the Russo-Turkish wars
Russo-Turkish wars (Russko-turetskiye voyny) or Russo-Ottoman wars (Osmanlı-Rus savaşları) were a series of twelve wars fought between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire between the 16th and 20th centuries.
See Albania and History of the Russo-Turkish wars
Honey
Honey is a sweet and viscous substance made by several species of bees, the best-known of which are honey bees.
House of Kastrioti
The Kastrioti were an Albanian noble family, active in the 14th and 15th centuries as the rulers of the Principality of Kastrioti.
See Albania and House of Kastrioti
Human Rights Watch
Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization headquartered in New York City that conducts research and advocacy on human rights.
See Albania and Human Rights Watch
Humid continental climate
A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, typified by four distinct seasons and large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers, and cold (sometimes severely cold in the northern areas) and snowy winters.
See Albania and Humid continental climate
Humid subtropical climate
A humid subtropical climate is a temperate climate type characterized by hot and humid summers, and cool to mild winters.
See Albania and Humid subtropical climate
Hydroelectricity
Hydroelectricity, or hydroelectric power, is electricity generated from hydropower (water power).
See Albania and Hydroelectricity
Hydrology
Hydrology is the scientific study of the movement, distribution, and management of water on Earth and other planets, including the water cycle, water resources, and drainage basin sustainability.
Hydropower
Hydropower (from Ancient Greek -, "water"), also known as water power, is the use of falling or fast-running water to produce electricity or to power machines.
Idealism
Idealism in philosophy, also known as philosophical idealism or metaphysical idealism, is the set of metaphysical perspectives asserting that, most fundamentally, reality is equivalent to mind, spirit, or consciousness; that reality is entirely a mental construct; or that ideas are the highest type of reality or have the greatest claim to being considered "real".
ILGA-Europe
ILGA-Europe is the European region of the International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association.
Illyria
In classical and late antiquity, Illyria (Ἰλλυρία, Illyría or Ἰλλυρίς, Illyrís; Illyria, Illyricum) was a region in the western part of the Balkan Peninsula inhabited by numerous tribes of people collectively known as the Illyrians.
Illyrian deciduous forests
The Illyrian deciduous forests is a terrestrial ecoregion in southern Europe, which extends along the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea.
See Albania and Illyrian deciduous forests
Illyrian kingdom
The Illyrian Kingdom was an Illyrian political entity that existed on the western part of the Balkan Peninsula in ancient times.
See Albania and Illyrian kingdom
Illyrians
The Illyrians (Ἰλλυριοί, Illyrioi; Illyrii) were a group of Indo-European-speaking people who inhabited the western Balkan Peninsula in ancient times.
Illyro-Roman Wars
The Illyro-Roman Wars were a series of wars fought between the Roman Republic and the Illyrian kingdom under the Ardiaei and Labeatae.
See Albania and Illyro-Roman Wars
Impressionism
Impressionism was a 19th-century art movement characterized by relatively small, thin, yet visible brush strokes, open composition, emphasis on accurate depiction of light in its changing qualities (often accentuating the effects of the passage of time), ordinary subject matter, unusual visual angles, and inclusion of movement as a crucial element of human perception and experience.
Improved sanitation
Improved sanitation (related to but distinct from a "safely managed sanitation service") is a term used to categorize types of sanitation for monitoring purposes.
See Albania and Improved sanitation
Independent Albania
Independent Albania (Shqipëria e Pavarur) was a parliamentary state declared in Vlorë (at the time part of Ottoman Empire) on 28 November 1912 during the First Balkan War. Albania and Independent Albania are states and territories established in 1912.
See Albania and Independent Albania
Indo-European languages
The Indo-European languages are a language family native to the overwhelming majority of Europe, the Iranian plateau, and the northern Indian subcontinent.
See Albania and Indo-European languages
Indo-European migrations
The Indo-European migrations are hypothesized migrations of Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) speakers, and subsequent migrations of people speaking derived Indo-European languages, which took place approx.
See Albania and Indo-European migrations
Infant mortality
Infant mortality is the death of an infant before the infant's first birthday.
See Albania and Infant mortality
Institute of Statistics (Albania)
The Institute of Statistics (Instituti i Statistikave – INSTAT) is an independent public legal entity tasked with producing official statistics in the Republic of Albania.
See Albania and Institute of Statistics (Albania)
Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance
The Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance, or simply IPA, is a funding mechanism of the European Union.
See Albania and Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance
International Control Commission (Albania)
The International Commission of Control (Komisioni Ndërkombëtar i Kontrollit të Kufinjve) was the commission established on October 15, 1913, on the basis of the decision by the six Great Powers made on July 29, 1913, according to the London Treaty signed on May 30, 1913.
See Albania and International Control Commission (Albania)
International Gendarmerie
The International Gendarmerie was the first law enforcement agency of the Principality of Albania.
See Albania and International Gendarmerie
International Hydropower Association
The International Hydropower Association (IHA) is an international lobby group and membership association representing the global hydropower sector.
See Albania and International Hydropower Association
International Monetary Fund
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution funded by 190 member countries, with headquarters in Washington, D.C. It is regarded as the global lender of last resort to national governments, and a leading supporter of exchange-rate stability.
See Albania and International Monetary Fund
International recognition of Kosovo
International governments are divided on the issue of recognition of the independence of Kosovo from Serbia, which was declared in 2008.
See Albania and International recognition of Kosovo
International Union for Conservation of Nature
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources.
See Albania and International Union for Conservation of Nature
Internet
The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices.
Interwar period
In the history of the 20th century, the interwar period (or interbellum) lasted from 11November 1918 to 1September 1939 (20years, 9months, 21days) – from the end of World War I (WWI) to the beginning of World War II (WWII).
See Albania and Interwar period
Inva Mula
Inva Mula (born 27 June 1963) is an Albanian opera lyric soprano.
Ionian Sea
The Ionian Sea (Iónio Pélagos,; Mar Ionio or Mar Jonio,; Deti Jon) is an elongated bay of the Mediterranean Sea.
Irreligion in Albania
Irreligion, atheism and agnosticism are present among Albanians (see religion in Albania), along with the predominant faiths of Islam and Christianity.
See Albania and Irreligion in Albania
Isa Boletini
Isa Boletini (15 January 186423 or 24 January 1916) was an Albanian revolutionary commander and politician and rilindas from Kosovo.
Islam in Albania
Islam arrived in Albania mainly during the Ottoman period when the majority of Albanians over time converted to Islam under Ottoman rule, but Islam was introduced to Albanians back in the 8th century during trades.
See Albania and Islam in Albania
Islamic art
Islamic art is a part of Islamic culture and encompasses the visual arts produced since the 7th century CE by people who lived within territories inhabited or ruled by Muslim populations.
Ismail Kadare
Ismail Kadare (28 January 1936 – 1 July 2024) was an Albanian novelist, poet, essayist, screenwriter, and playwright.
Ismail Qemali
Ismail Qemali (16 January 184426 January 1919), was an Albanian politician and statesman who is regarded as the founder of modern Albania.
Iso-Polyphony
Iso-Polyphony is a traditional part of Albanian folk music and, as such, is included in UNESCO's intangible cultural heritage list.
Isolationism
Isolationism is a term used to refer to a political philosophy advocating a foreign policy that opposes involvement in the political affairs, and especially the wars, of other countries.
Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)
The Italian protectorate of Albania, also known as Italian Albania, the Kingdom of Albania or Greater Albania, existed as a puppet state and protectorate of Fascist Italy.
See Albania and Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)
Italianate architecture
The Italianate style was a distinct 19th-century phase in the history of Classical architecture.
See Albania and Italianate architecture
Italy
Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern and Western Europe. Albania and Italy are countries in Europe, member states of NATO, member states of the Union for the Mediterranean, member states of the United Nations and republics.
Jacobin (magazine)
Jacobin is an American socialist magazine based in New York.
See Albania and Jacobin (magazine)
Janina vilayet
The Vilayet of Janina, Yanya or Ioannina (Vilâyet-i Yanya) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire, established in 1867.
See Albania and Janina vilayet
Janissary
A janissary (yeŋiçeri) was a member of the elite infantry units that formed the Ottoman Sultan's household troops.
Jasper
Jasper, an aggregate of microgranular quartz and/or cryptocrystalline chalcedony and other mineral phases, is an opaque, impure variety of silica, usually red, yellow, brown or green in color; and rarely blue.
Jehovah's Witnesses
Jehovah's Witnesses is a nontrinitarian, millenarian, restorationist Christian denomination.
See Albania and Jehovah's Witnesses
Jizya
Jizya (jizya), or jizyah, is a tax historically levied on dhimmis, that is, protected non-Muslim subjects of a state governed by Islamic law.
Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation
The Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply and Sanitation by WHO and UNICEF is the official United Nations mechanism tasked with monitoring progress towards the Sustainable Development Goal Number 6 (SDG 6) since 2016.
See Albania and Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation
Karaburun Peninsula, Albania
The Gadishulli Peninsula (Gadishulli i Karaburunit), also known as Cape Linguetta, is a peninsula of the Mediterranean Sea located in Southern and Southeastern Europe, which is almost completely surrounded by both the Adriatic Sea to the north and the Ionian Sea to the south.
See Albania and Karaburun Peninsula, Albania
Karaburun-Sazan Marine Park
Karaburun-Sazan Marine Park (Parku Detar Karaburun-Sazan) is a marine park in the Vlorë County of southwestern Albania.
See Albania and Karaburun-Sazan Marine Park
Kararname (League of Prizren)
The Kararname ("Decree") of Prizren Committee for National Defence is the name of the decree (the Book of Decisions) signed by 47 Muslim deputies from the districts of Prizren, Yakova (present-day Gjakova), Ipek (present-day Peć), Gucia, Yeni Pazar (present-day Novi Pazar), Sjenica, Pljevlja, Mitrovica, Vučitrn, Pristina, Gnjilane, Skopje, Kalkandelen (present-day Tetovo), Kičevo, Gostivar, and Lower Dibra (present-day Peshkopi) and Upper Dibra (present-day Debar) on June 18, 1878.
See Albania and Kararname (League of Prizren)
Karavasta Lagoon
Karavasta Lagoon (Laguna e Karavastasë) is the largest lagoon in Albania and one of the largest adjoining the Mediterranean Sea, spanning an area of.
See Albania and Karavasta Lagoon
Kavajë
Kavajë (Kavaja) is a city and municipality centrally located in the Western Lowlands region of Albania, in Tirana County.
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems.
See Albania and Köppen climate classification
Köprülü family
The Köprülü family (Köprülü ailesi) was a noble family of Albanian origin in the Ottoman Empire.
See Albania and Köprülü family
KF Skënderbeu Korçë
Klubi i Futbollit Skënderbeu Korçë is an Albanian professional football club based in Korçë, southeastern Albania.
See Albania and KF Skënderbeu Korçë
KF Tirana
Klubi i Futbollit Tirana is an Albanian professional football club based in the country's capital city, Tirana.
KF Vllaznia Shkodër
Klubi I Futbollit Vllaznia Shkodër, commonly known as Vllaznia is an Albanian football club based in the city of Shkodër.
See Albania and KF Vllaznia Shkodër
Kingdom of Albania (medieval)
The Kingdom of Albania (Regnum Albaniae) was established by Charles of Anjou in the Albanian territories he conquered from the Byzantine Empire in 1271, with the help of the local Albanian nobility.
See Albania and Kingdom of Albania (medieval)
Kingdom of Bulgaria
The Tsardom of Bulgaria (translit), also referred to as the Third Bulgarian Tsardom (translit), sometimes translated in English as the "Kingdom of Bulgaria", or simply Bulgaria, was a constitutional monarchy in Southeastern Europe, which was established on 5 October (O.S. 22 September) 1908, when the Bulgarian state was raised from a principality to a tsardom.
See Albania and Kingdom of Bulgaria
Kingdom of Italy
The Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) was a state that existed from 17 March 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy, until 10 June 1946, when the monarchy was abolished, following civil discontent that led to an institutional referendum on 2 June 1946.
See Albania and Kingdom of Italy
Kingdom of Montenegro
The Kingdom of Montenegro (Kraljevina Crna Gora) was a monarchy in southeastern Europe, present-day Montenegro, during the tumultuous period of time on the Balkan Peninsula leading up to and during World War I. Officially it was a constitutional monarchy, but absolutist in practice.
See Albania and Kingdom of Montenegro
Kingdom of Naples
The Kingdom of Naples (Regnum Neapolitanum; Regno di Napoli; Regno 'e Napule), was a state that ruled the part of the Italian Peninsula south of the Papal States between 1282 and 1816.
See Albania and Kingdom of Naples
Kingdom of Serbia
The Kingdom of Serbia (Kraljevina Srbija) was a country located in the Balkans which was created when the ruler of the Principality of Serbia, Milan I, was proclaimed king in 1882.
See Albania and Kingdom of Serbia
Kingdom of Serbia (1217–1346)
The Kingdom of Serbia (Краљевина Србија / Kraljevina Srbija), or the Serbian Kingdom (Српско краљевство / Srpsko kraljevstvo), was a medieval Serbian kingdom in Southern Europe comprising most of what is today Serbia (excluding Vojvodina), Kosovo, and Montenegro, as well as southeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina, parts of coastal Croatia south of the Neretva river (excluding Dubrovnik), Albania north of the Drin River, North Macedonia, and a small part of western Bulgaria.
See Albania and Kingdom of Serbia (1217–1346)
Kingdom of Sicily
The Kingdom of Sicily (Regnum Siciliae; Regno di Sicilia; Regnu di Sicilia) was a state that existed in Sicily and the south of the Italian Peninsula plus, for a time, in Northern Africa from its founding by Roger II of Sicily in 1130 until 1816.
See Albania and Kingdom of Sicily
Kodër-Thumanë
Kodër-Thumanë is a village and a former municipality in the Durrës County, western Albania.
Kolë Idromeno
Nikoll Idromeno (15 August 186012 December 1939), better known as Kolë Idromeno, was an Albanian painter, sculptor, architect, photographer, cinematographer, composer and engineer during the Albanian Renaissance in the nineteenth century.
Koman Hydroelectric Power Station
The Koman Hydroelectric Power Station is a large hydroelectric power station, for which a dam on the Drin River was built.
See Albania and Koman Hydroelectric Power Station
Konispol
Konispol (Konispoli) is the southernmost town in Albania.
Konrad Adenauer Foundation
The Konrad Adenauer Foundation (Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, KAS) is a German political party foundation associated with but independent of the centre-right Christian Democratic Union (CDU).
See Albania and Konrad Adenauer Foundation
Korab
Korab is a mountain range in eastern Albania and western North Macedonia, running along the border between the two countries.
Korab (mountain)
Korab (Maja e Korabit or Mali i Korabit; lit) is the highest peak of the eponymous mountain range and the fourth-highest mountain located entirely in the Balkan Peninsula, standing at.
See Albania and Korab (mountain)
Korçë
Korçë (Korça) is the eighth most populous city of the Republic of Albania and the seat of Korçë County and Korçë Municipality.
Korçë County
Korçë County (italic), officially the County of Korçë (italic), is a county in the Southern Region of the Republic of Albania.
Kosovo Albanians
The Albanians of Kosovo (Shqiptarët e Kosovës), also commonly called Kosovo Albanians, Kosovan Albanians or Kosovars (Kosovarët), constitute the largest ethnic group in Kosovo.
See Albania and Kosovo Albanians
Kosovo vilayet
The Vilayet of Kosovo (ولايت قوصوه, Vilâyet-i Kosova; Kosova Vilayeti; Vilajeti i Kosovës;, Kosovski vilajet) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkan Peninsula which included the modern-day territory of Kosovo and the north-western part of the Republic of North Macedonia.
See Albania and Kosovo vilayet
Kostandin Shpataraku
Kostandin Shpataraku (17361767), also commonly known as Shpataraku, was an Albanian Orthodox icon and fresco painter of the Post-Byzantine period in the eighteenth century.
See Albania and Kostandin Shpataraku
Krapfen (doughnut)
A Berliner or Krapfen is a German jam doughnut with no central hole, made from sweet yeast dough fried in lard or cooking oil, with a jam filling, and usually covered in powdered sugar.
See Albania and Krapfen (doughnut)
Krofne
Krofne (Albanian and krafne; Bosnian and krofne, крофне; krofi; крофни) are airy filled doughnuts.
Krujë
Krujë (Kruja; see also the etymology section) is a town and a municipality in north central Albania.
Kuçovë
Kuçovë (Kuçova) is a municipality in south-central Albania.
Kukës
Kukës (Kukësi) is a city in the Republic of Albania.
Kukës County
Kukës County (Qarku i Kukësit) is a landlocked county in northeastern Albania, with the capital in Kukës.
Kyoto Protocol
The was an international treaty which extended the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that commits state parties to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, based on the scientific consensus that global warming is occurring and that human-made CO2 emissions are driving it.
See Albania and Kyoto Protocol
Laç
Laç (Laçi) is a town and a former municipality in Lezhë County, northwestern Albania.
See Albania and Laç
Labëria
Labëria is a historic region that is roughly situated in southwestern Albania.
Lake Ohrid
Lake Ohrid (Охридско Езеро,,; Liqeni i Ohrit) is a lake which straddles the mountainous border between the southwestern part of North Macedonia and eastern Albania.
Lake Prespa
The Lake Prespa is located on the tripoint of North Macedonia, Albania and Greece.
Lake Skadar
Lake Skadar (Liqeni i Shkodrës,; Skadarsko jezero)also called Lake Scutari, Lake Shkodër and Lake Shkodralies on the border of Albania and Montenegro, and is the largest lake in Southern Europe.
Lamb and mutton
Sheep meat is one of the most common meats around the world, taken from the domestic sheep, Ovis aries, and generally divided into lamb, from sheep in their first year, hogget, from sheep in their second, and mutton, from older sheep.
See Albania and Lamb and mutton
Laskaris
The House of Laskaris (Λάσκαρις, later Λάσκαρης; feminine form Laskarina), Latinized as Lascaris, was a Byzantine Greek noble family which rose to prominence during the late Byzantine period.
Latin Church
The Latin Church (Ecclesia Latina) is the largest autonomous (sui iuris) particular church within the Catholic Church, whose members constitute the vast majority of the 1.3 billion Catholics.
Lavandula
Lavandula (common name lavender) is a genus of 47 known species of perennial flowering plants in the mints family, Lamiaceae.
Law enforcement in Albania
Law enforcement in Albania is the responsibility of several agencies.
See Albania and Law enforcement in Albania
League of Lezhë
The League of Lezhë (Lidhja e Lezhës), also commonly referred to as the Albanian League (Lidhja Arbërore), was a military and diplomatic alliance of the Albanian aristocracy, created in the city of Lezhë on 2 March 1444.
See Albania and League of Lezhë
League of Prizren
The League of Prizren (Besëlidhja e Prizrenit), officially the League for the Defense of the Rights of the Albanian Nation (Lidhja për mbrojtjen e të drejtave te kombit Shqiptar), was an Albanian political organization that was officially founded on June 10, 1878 in the old town of Prizren in the Kosovo Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire.
See Albania and League of Prizren
Legume
Legumes are plants in the family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae), or the fruit or seeds of such plants.
Lemon
The lemon (Citrus × limon) is a species of small evergreen tree in the flowering plant family Rutaceae, native to Asia, primarily Northeast India (Assam), Northern Myanmar, and China.
Lezhë
Lezhë (Lezha) is a city in the Republic of Albania and seat of Lezhë County and Lezhë Municipality.
Lezhë County
Lezhë County (Qarku i Lezhës) is one of the 12 counties of Albania.
Library of Congress
The Library of Congress (LOC) is a research library in Washington, D.C. that serves as the library and research service of the U.S. Congress and the de facto national library of the United States.
See Albania and Library of Congress
Librazhd
Librazhd (Librazhdi) is a town and a municipality in Elbasan County, southeast Albania.
Life expectancy
Human life expectancy is a statistical measure of the estimate of the average remaining years of life at a given age.
See Albania and Life expectancy
List of ancient tribes in Illyria
This is a list of ancient tribes in the ancient territory of Illyria (Ἰλλυρία; Illyria).
See Albania and List of ancient tribes in Illyria
List of cities and towns in Albania
This is a list of cities and towns in Albania categorised by municipality, county and population, according to the criteria used by the Institute of Statistics (INSTAT).
See Albania and List of cities and towns in Albania
List of companies of Albania
Albania's transition from a socialist centrally planned economy to a capitalist mixed economy has been largely successful.
See Albania and List of companies of Albania
List of countries and dependencies by area
This is a list of the world's countries and their dependencies by land, water, and total area, ranked by total area.
See Albania and List of countries and dependencies by area
List of countries and dependencies by population
This is a list of countries and dependencies by population.
See Albania and List of countries and dependencies by population
List of countries and dependencies by population density
This is a list of countries and dependencies ranked by population density, sorted by inhabitants per square kilometre or square mile.
See Albania and List of countries and dependencies by population density
List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita
A country's gross domestic product (GDP) at purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita is the PPP value of all final goods and services produced within an economy in a given year, divided by the average (or mid-year) population for the same year.
See Albania and List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita
List of countries by life expectancy
This list of countries by life expectancy provides a comprehensive list of countries alongside their respective life expectancy figures.
See Albania and List of countries by life expectancy
List of countries by proven oil reserves
Proven oil reserves are those quantities of petroleum which, by analysis of geological and engineering data, can be estimated, with a high degree of confidence, to be commercially recoverable from a given date forward from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions.
See Albania and List of countries by proven oil reserves
List of countries by total fertility rate
This is a list of all sovereign states and dependencies by total fertility rate (TFR): the expected number of children born per woman in her child-bearing years.
See Albania and List of countries by total fertility rate
List of countries by unemployment rate
This is a list of countries by unemployment rate.
See Albania and List of countries by unemployment rate
List of first satellites by country
As of, over eighty countries have operated artificial satellites.
See Albania and List of first satellites by country
List of lakes of Albania
Due to favorable weather conditions, significant tectonic subsidence, karst development, and coastal dynamics, Albania boasts numerous natural and human-made lakes, with varying geographical characteristics, from altitude to water flow, geology, and climate.
See Albania and List of lakes of Albania
List of national mottos
This article lists state and national mottos for the world's nations.
See Albania and List of national mottos
List of rivers of Albania
Albania has an extensive hydrographic network of 152 rivers and streams, including 10 large rivers flowing from southeast to northwest, mainly discharging towards the Adriatic Sea.
See Albania and List of rivers of Albania
List of sovereign states by research and development spending
This is a list of countries by research and development (R&D) spending in real terms, based on data published by World Bank, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
See Albania and List of sovereign states by research and development spending
Literacy
Literacy is the ability to read and write.
Llogara National Park
Llogara National Park (Parku Kombëtar i Llogarasë/Llogorasë) is a national park centered on the Ceraunian Mountains along the Albanian Riviera in Southwestern Albania, spanning a surface area of.
See Albania and Llogara National Park
Local government
Local government is a generic term for the lowest tiers of governance or public administration within a particular sovereign state.
See Albania and Local government
Loggerhead sea turtle
The loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) is a species of oceanic turtle distributed throughout the world.
See Albania and Loggerhead sea turtle
London Conference of 1912–1913
The London Conference of 1912–1913, also known as the London Peace Conference or the Conference of the Ambassadors, was an international summit of the six Great Powers of that time (Austria-Hungary, France, Great Britain, Germany, Italy, and Russia) convened in December 1912 due to the successes of the Balkan League armies against the Ottoman Empire in the First Balkan War.
See Albania and London Conference of 1912–1913
Lonely Planet
Lonely Planet is a travel guide book publisher.
Luca Matranga
Luca Matranga (Albanian: Lekë Matrënga; 18 May 1569 – 6 May 1619) was an Arbëresh writer and Catholic priest of Byzantine rite in the Albanian community of Sicily.
Lurë-Dejë Mountain National Park
Lurë-Dejë Mountain National Park (Parku Kombëtar "Lurë-Mali i Dejës") is a national park in northeastern Albania, spanning an expanded area of since 2018 by encompassing the entire section of Kunora e Lurës, former Zall-Gjocaj National Park, and Dejë Mountain.
See Albania and Lurë-Dejë Mountain National Park
Lushnjë
Lushnjë (in Lushnje's own dialect: Lushnje; Lushnja) is a city and municipality in west-central Albania.
Macedonian language
Macedonian (македонски јазик) is an Eastern South Slavic language.
See Albania and Macedonian language
Macedonians (ethnic group)
Macedonians (Makedonci) are a nation and a South Slavic ethnic group native to the region of Macedonia in Southeast Europe.
See Albania and Macedonians (ethnic group)
Macedonians in Albania
The Macedonians in Albania (Maqedonasit në Shqipëri; Makedonci vo Albanija) are an officially recognized ethnic minority.
See Albania and Macedonians in Albania
Malignancy
Malignancy is the tendency of a medical condition to become progressively worse; the term is most familiar as a characterization of cancer.
Mamurras
Mamuras (Mamurasi) is a town and a former municipality in Lezhë County, northwestern Albania.
Man and the Biosphere Programme
Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB) is an intergovernmental scientific program, launched in 1971 by UNESCO, that aims to establish a scientific basis for the 'improvement of relationships' between people and their environments.
See Albania and Man and the Biosphere Programme
Manastir vilayet
The Vilayet of Manastir (Vilâyet-i Manastır) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire, created in 1874, dissolved in 1877 and re-established in 1879.
See Albania and Manastir vilayet
Manufacturing
Manufacturing is the creation or production of goods with the help of equipment, labor, machines, tools, and chemical or biological processing or formulation.
Marin Barleti
Marin Barleti (Marinus Barletius, Marino Barlezio; &ndash) was a historian, humanist and Catholic priest from Shkodër.
Mariner Books
Mariner Books, originally an imprint of HMH Books, was established in 1997 as a publisher of fiction, non-fiction, and poetry in trade paperback.
Market economy
A market economy is an economic system in which the decisions regarding investment, production and distribution to the consumers are guided by the price signals created by the forces of supply and demand.
See Albania and Market economy
Martin Luther
Martin Luther (10 November 1483– 18 February 1546) was a German priest, theologian, author, hymnwriter, professor, and Augustinian friar.
Marxism–Leninism
Marxism–Leninism is a communist ideology that became the largest faction of the communist movement in the world in the years following the October Revolution.
See Albania and Marxism–Leninism
Mass migration
Mass migration refers to the migration of large groups of people from one geographical area to another.
See Albania and Mass migration
Master's degree
A master's degree (from Latin) is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities or colleges upon completion of a course of study demonstrating mastery or a high-order overview of a specific field of study or area of professional practice.
See Albania and Master's degree
Medieval Latin
Medieval Latin was the form of Literary Latin used in Roman Catholic Western Europe during the Middle Ages.
See Albania and Medieval Latin
Mediterranean Basin
In biogeography, the Mediterranean Basin, also known as the Mediterranean Region or sometimes Mediterranea, is the region of lands around the Mediterranean Sea that have mostly a Mediterranean climate, with mild to cool, rainy winters and warm to hot, dry summers, which supports characteristic Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub vegetation.
See Albania and Mediterranean Basin
Mediterranean climate
A Mediterranean climate, also called a dry summer climate, described by Köppen as Cs, is a temperate climate type that occurs in the lower mid-latitudes (normally 30 to 44 north and south latitude).
See Albania and Mediterranean climate
Mediterranean diet
The Mediterranean diet is a diet inspired by the eating habits and traditional food typical of southern Spain, southern Italy, and Crete, and formulated in the early 1960s.
See Albania and Mediterranean diet
Mediterranean Games
The Mediterranean Games is a multi-sport event organised by the International Committee of Mediterranean Games (CIJM).
See Albania and Mediterranean Games
Mediterranean monk seal
The Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus) is a monk seal belonging to the family Phocidae.
See Albania and Mediterranean monk seal
Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, on the east by the Levant in West Asia, and on the west almost by the Morocco–Spain border.
See Albania and Mediterranean Sea
Medium (website)
Medium is an American online publishing platform developed by Evan Williams and launched in August 2012.
See Albania and Medium (website)
Mehmed II
Mehmed II (translit; II.,; 30 March 14323 May 1481), commonly known as Mehmed the Conqueror (lit; Fâtih Sultan Mehmed), was twice the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from August 1444 to September 1446 and then later from February 1451 to May 1481.
Mehmed III
Mehmed III (Meḥmed-i sālis; III.; 26 May 1566 – 22 December 1603) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1595 until his death in 1603.
Mental disorder
A mental disorder, also referred to as a mental illness, a mental health condition, or a psychiatric disability, is a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning.
See Albania and Mental disorder
Meshari
Meshari (Albanian for "Missal") is the oldest published book in Albanian.
Metres above the Adriatic
Metres above the Adriatic (Metri sopra l'Adriatico, Meter über Adria, Serbo-Croatian: Metara iznad Jadrana) is the vertical datum used in Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Slovenia to measure elevation, referring to the average water level of the Adriatic Sea at the Sartorio mole in the Port of Trieste.
See Albania and Metres above the Adriatic
Michael Attaleiates
Michael Attaleiates or Attaliates (Michaḗl Attaleiátēs,; – 1080) was a Byzantine Greek chronicler, public servant and historian active in Constantinople and around the empire's provinces in the second half of the eleventh century.
See Albania and Michael Attaleiates
Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period (also spelt mediaeval or mediæval) lasted from approximately 500 to 1500 AD.
Migration Period
The Migration Period (circa 300 to 600 AD), also known as the Barbarian Invasions, was a period in European history marked by large-scale migrations that saw the fall of the Western Roman Empire and subsequent settlement of its former territories by various tribes, and the establishment of the post-Roman kingdoms.
See Albania and Migration Period
Military of the Ottoman Empire
The military of the Ottoman Empire (Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun silahlı kuvvetleri) was the armed forces of the Ottoman Empire.
See Albania and Military of the Ottoman Empire
Military service
Military service is service by an individual or group in an army or other militia, air forces, and naval forces, whether as a chosen job (volunteer) or as a result of an involuntary draft (conscription).
See Albania and Military service
Mining
Mining is the extraction of valuable geological materials and minerals from the surface of the Earth.
Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (Albania)
The Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (Ministria për Europën dhe Punët e Jashtme) is a department of the Albanian Government, in charge of diplomacy, foreign policy and the process of admission of Albania into the European Union.
See Albania and Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (Albania)
Ministry of Defence (Albania)
The Ministry of Defence is a department of the Albanian Government, in charge of the formation and implementation of national security and ordering, coordinating and carrying out the general guidelines of the Cabinet about the defence policy, and is the headquarters of the Military of Albania.
See Albania and Ministry of Defence (Albania)
Ministry of Health and Social Protection
The Ministry of Health and Social Protection is a department of the Albanian Government, charged with the responsibility to oversee the running of Albania's healthcare system, including supporting universal and affordable access to medical, pharmaceutical and hospital services, while helping people to stay healthy through health promotion.
See Albania and Ministry of Health and Social Protection
Ministry of Tourism and Environment (Albania)
The Ministry of Tourism and Environment is a department of the Albanian Government in charge of regulation concerning the environment, the sustainable use of natural resources, promotion of renewable resources, protection of nature and biodiversity, sustainable development and management of forestry and pastures, and the quality monitoring of water resources.
See Albania and Ministry of Tourism and Environment (Albania)
Minority group
The term "minority group" has different usages, depending on the context.
See Albania and Minority group
Mirdita
Mirdita is a region of northern Albania whose territory is synonymous with the historic Albanian tribe of the same name.
Mixed economy
A mixed economy is an economic system that accepts both private businesses and nationalized government services, like public utilities, safety, military, welfare, and education.
Mobile network operator
A mobile network operator (MNO), also known as a mobile network provider, wireless service provider, wireless carrier, mobile network carrier, or cellular company, is a telecommunications provider of services that sells, delivers and maintains mobile telephony services to an end user.
See Albania and Mobile network operator
Modern era
The modern era or the modern period is considered the current historical period of human history.
Modernism
Modernism was an early 20th-century movement in literature, visual arts, and music that emphasized experimentation, abstraction, and subjective experience.
Moment magnitude scale
The moment magnitude scale (MMS; denoted explicitly with M or or Mwg, and generally implied with use of a single M for magnitude) is a measure of an earthquake's magnitude ("size" or strength) based on its seismic moment.
See Albania and Moment magnitude scale
Monarchy
A monarchy is a form of government in which a person, the monarch, is head of state for life or until abdication.
Monetary policy
Monetary policy is the policy adopted by the monetary authority of a nation to affect monetary and other financial conditions to accomplish broader objectives like high employment and price stability (normally interpreted as a low and stable rate of inflation).
See Albania and Monetary policy
Montenegrins
Montenegrins (Black Mountain, or, Montenegrini) are a South Slavic ethnic group that share a common ancestry, culture, history, and language, identified with the country of Montenegro.
Montenegro
Montenegro is a country in Southeastern Europe, situated on the Balkan Peninsula. Albania and Montenegro are Balkan countries, countries in Europe, member states of NATO, member states of the Union for the Mediterranean, member states of the United Nations and republics.
Moscopole
Moscopole or Voskopoja (Voskopojë; Moscopole, with several other variants; Moschopolis) is a village in Korçë County in southeastern Albania.
Movie theater
A movie theater (American English), cinema (British English), or cinema hall (Indian English), also known as a movie house, picture house, picture theater or simply theater, is a business that contains auditoria for viewing films (also called movies, motion pictures or "flicks") for public entertainment.
Muhammad Ali of Egypt
Muhammad Ali (4 March 1769 – 2 August 1849) was an Ottoman Albanian governor and military commander who was the de facto ruler of Egypt from 1805 to 1848, considered the founder of modern Egypt.
See Albania and Muhammad Ali of Egypt
Multi-party system
In political science, a multi-party system is a political system where more than two meaningfully-distinct political parties regularly run for office and win elections.
See Albania and Multi-party system
Municipalities of Albania
Municipalities (lang or lang) are the second-level administrative divisions of Albania, below the counties and above the communes.
See Albania and Municipalities of Albania
Murad II
Murad II (Murād-ı sānī, II.; 16 June 1404 – 3 February 1451) was twice the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1421 to 1444 and from 1446 to 1451.
Mural
A mural is any piece of graphic artwork that is painted or applied directly to a wall, ceiling or other permanent substrate.
Music of Albania
The music of Albania (Muzika Shqiptare) is associated with the country of Albania and Albanian communities.
See Albania and Music of Albania
Muslim world
The terms Muslim world and Islamic world commonly refer to the Islamic community, which is also known as the Ummah.
Mussel
Mussel is the common name used for members of several families of bivalve molluscs, from saltwater and freshwater habitats.
Muzaka family
The Muzaka were a noble Albanian family that ruled over the region of Myzeqe (southern Albania) in the Late Middle Ages.
Myzeqe
The Myzeqe (Myzeqeja; Muzachia) is a plain in the Western Lowlands of Albania.
Nagoya Protocol
The Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity, also known as the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS), is a 2010 supplementary agreement to the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
See Albania and Nagoya Protocol
Naim Frashëri
Naim bey Frashëri, more commonly Naim Frashëri (25 May 184620 October 1900), was an Albanian historian, journalist, poet, rilindas and translator who was proclaimed as the national poet of Albania.
National anthem
A national anthem is a patriotic musical composition symbolizing and evoking eulogies of the history and traditions of a country or nation.
See Albania and National anthem
National Center of Cinematography (Albania)
The National Center of Cinematography (Qendra Kombëtare e Kinematografisë) is the largest film distributor and film production company in the cinema of Albania connected with over 700 films (feature films and documentaries) between 1947 and 2012.
See Albania and National Center of Cinematography (Albania)
National colours
National colours are frequently part of a country's set of national symbols.
See Albania and National colours
National dish
A national dish is a culinary dish that is strongly associated with a particular country.
National park
A national park is a nature park designated for conservation purposes because of unparalleled national natural, historic, or cultural significance.
National poet
A national poet or national bard is a poet held by tradition and popular acclaim to represent the identity, beliefs and principles of a particular national culture.
National symbols of Albania
The national symbols of Albania are symbols that are used in Albania to represent what is unique about the nation, reflecting different aspects of its culture and history.
See Albania and National symbols of Albania
NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO; Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance of 32 member states—30 European and 2 North American.
See Albania and NATO
Nature conservation
Nature conservation is the moral philosophy and conservation movement focused on protecting species from extinction, maintaining and restoring habitats, enhancing ecosystem services, and protecting biological diversity.
See Albania and Nature conservation
Nature reserve
A nature reserve (also known as a wildlife refuge, wildlife sanctuary, biosphere reserve or bioreserve, natural or nature preserve, or nature conservation area) is a protected area of importance for flora, fauna, funga, or features of geological or other special interest, which is reserved and managed for purposes of conservation and to provide special opportunities for study or research.
See Albania and Nature reserve
Naum Veqilharxhi
Naum Veqilharxhi (born Naum Panajot Bredhi; 1797–1846) was an Albanian lawyer and scholar.
See Albania and Naum Veqilharxhi
Naval Postgraduate School
The Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) is a public graduate school operated by the United States Navy and located in Monterey, California.
See Albania and Naval Postgraduate School
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship.
Neço Muko
Neço Muko (October 21, 1899 – 1934), also known as Neço Muko Himarjoti, was an Albanian singer and composer.
Neoclassicism
Neoclassicism, also spelled Neo-classicism, emerged as a Western cultural movement in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that drew inspiration from the art and culture of classical antiquity.
Neolithic
The Neolithic or New Stone Age (from Greek νέος 'new' and λίθος 'stone') is an archaeological period, the final division of the Stone Age in Europe, Asia and Africa.
Net migration rate
The net migration rate is the difference between the number of immigrants (people coming into an area) and the number of emigrants (people leaving an area) divided by the population.
See Albania and Net migration rate
Non-denominational
A non-denominational person or organization is one that does not follow (or is not restricted to) any particular or specific religious denomination.
See Albania and Non-denominational
North Macedonia
North Macedonia, officially the Republic of North Macedonia, is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe. Albania and North Macedonia are Balkan countries, countries and territories where Albanian is an official language, countries in Europe, member states of NATO, member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, member states of the United Nations and republics.
See Albania and North Macedonia
Northern Albania
Northern Albania (Shqipëria Veriore) is one of the three NUTS-2 Regions of Albania.
See Albania and Northern Albania
Northern Mountain Region (Albania)
The Northern Mountain Region (Krahina Malore Veriore) is a geographical region in northern Albania.
See Albania and Northern Mountain Region (Albania)
Notre Dame Global Adaptation Index
Notre Dame Global Adaptation Index is a program of the University of Notre Dame’s Environmental Change Initiative.
See Albania and Notre Dame Global Adaptation Index
Oak
An oak is a hardwood tree or shrub in the genus Quercus of the beech family.
See Albania and Oak
Obesity
Obesity is a medical condition, sometimes considered a disease, in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that it can potentially have negative effects on health.
Oceanic climate
An oceanic climate, also known as a marine climate or maritime climate, is the temperate climate sub-type in Köppen classification represented as Cfb, typical of west coasts in higher middle latitudes of continents, generally featuring cool to warm summers and cool to mild winters (for their latitude), with a relatively narrow annual temperature range and few extremes of temperature.
See Albania and Oceanic climate
Official language
An official language is a language having certain rights to be used in defined situations.
See Albania and Official language
Official Publishing Center (Albania)
The Official Publishing Center is an institution of the Albanian government under the direct supervision of the Ministry of Justice.
See Albania and Official Publishing Center (Albania)
Old World wine
Old World wine refers primarily to wine made in Europe but can also include other regions of the Mediterranean basin with long histories of winemaking such as North Africa and the Near East.
See Albania and Old World wine
Olive
The olive, botanical name Olea europaea, meaning 'European olive', is a species of small tree or shrub in the family Oleaceae, found traditionally in the Mediterranean Basin.
Onufri
Onufri (Onufri; Ονούφριος; Onufri), Onouphrios of Neokastro or Onouphrios Argytes, was a 16th century Archpriest of Elbasan and the most important painter of Orthodox murals and icons in the early post-Byzantine era in Albania.
Open market
The term open market is used generally to refer to an economic situation close to free trade.
OpenDemocracy
openDemocracy is an independent media platform and news website based in the United Kingdom.
Operation Active Endeavour
Operation Active Endeavour was a maritime operation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
See Albania and Operation Active Endeavour
Operation Alba
Operation Alba ("Sunrise" or "Dawn" in Italian) was a multinational peacekeeping force sent to Albania in 1997.
See Albania and Operation Alba
Opinga
Opinga (Gheg Albanian: Apânga) are traditional shoes worn by Albanians in Albania, Kosovo, North Macedonia (opinci), Montenegro, Greece (by the Klepths), and the Arbëresh villages of Italy.
Orbit
In celestial mechanics, an orbit (also known as orbital revolution) is the curved trajectory of an object such as the trajectory of a planet around a star, or of a natural satellite around a planet, or of an artificial satellite around an object or position in space such as a planet, moon, asteroid, or Lagrange point.
Oregano
Oregano (Origanum vulgare) is a species of flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae.
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is a regional security-oriented intergovernmental organization comprising member states in Europe, North America, and Asia.
See Albania and Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
Ottoman Albania
Ottoman Albania refers to a period in Albanian history from the Ottoman conquest in the late 15th century to the Albanian declaration of Independence and official secession from the Ottoman Empire in 1912. The Ottomans first entered Albania in 1385 upon the invitation of the Albanian noble Karl Thopia to suppress the forces of the noble Balša II during the Battle of Savra.
See Albania and Ottoman Albania
Ottoman architecture
Ottoman architecture is an architectural style or tradition that developed under the Ottoman Empire over a long period, undergoing some significant changes during its history.
See Albania and Ottoman architecture
Ottoman conquest of Otranto
In the summer of 1480, the Ottoman Empire invaded southern Italy, and laid siege to Otranto, finally capturing it on 11 August.
See Albania and Ottoman conquest of Otranto
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.
See Albania and Ottoman Empire
Ottoman wars in Europe
A series of military conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and various European states took place from the Late Middle Ages up through the early 20th century.
See Albania and Ottoman wars in Europe
Our Lady of Good Counsel
Our Lady of Good Counsel (Mater boni consilii) is a title given to the Blessed Virgin Mary, after a painting said to be miraculous, now found in the thirteenth century Augustinian church at Genazzano, near Rome, Italy.
See Albania and Our Lady of Good Counsel
Outline of Albania
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Albania: The Republic of Albania – a sovereign state located on the Balkan Peninsula in South-eastern Europe.
See Albania and Outline of Albania
Overweight
Being overweight is having more body fat than is optimally healthy.
Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.
See Albania and Oxford University Press
Palace of Congresses
The Palace of Congresses is a venue in Tirana, Albania, where numerous multi-genre concerts, exhibition, festivals, competitions and other events are held, including the annual Festivali i Këngës and Kënga Magjike and the Tirana Book Fair.
See Albania and Palace of Congresses
Palearctic realm
The Palearctic or Palaearctic is the largest of the eight biogeographic realms of the Earth.
See Albania and Palearctic realm
Palgrave Macmillan
Palgrave Macmillan is a British academic and trade publishing company headquartered in the London Borough of Camden.
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Pan-European Corridor VIII
The Corridor VIII is one of the Pan-European corridors.
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Pan-European Corridor X
The Corridor X is one of the pan-European corridors.
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Parashqevi Simaku
Parashqevi Simaku (born 1 September 1966, in Kavajë) is an Albanian singer noted for her work in the 1980s.
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Paris Agreement
The Paris Agreement (or Paris Accords, Paris Climate Accords) is an international treaty on climate change that was signed in 2016.
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Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920)
The Paris Peace Conference was a set of formal and informal diplomatic meetings in 1919 and 1920 after the end of World War I, in which the victorious Allies set the peace terms for the defeated Central Powers.
See Albania and Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920)
Parliament of Albania
The Parliament of Albania (Kuvendi i Shqipërisë) or Kuvendi is the unicameral representative body of the citizens of the Republic of Albania; it is Albania's legislature.
See Albania and Parliament of Albania
Parliamentary republic
A parliamentary republic is a republic that operates under a parliamentary system of government where the executive branch (the government) derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature (the parliament).
See Albania and Parliamentary republic
Partition (politics)
In politics, a partition is a change of political borders cutting through at least one territory considered a homeland by some community.
See Albania and Partition (politics)
Pashalik of Scutari
The Pashalik of Scutari (1757–1831), also known as the Bushati Pashalik, was an Albanian pashalik ruled by the Bushati family.
See Albania and Pashalik of Scutari
Pashalik of Yanina
The Pashalik of Yanina, sometimes referred to as the Pashalik of Ioannina or Pashalik of Janina, was an autonomous pashalik within the Ottoman Empire between 1787 and 1822 covering large areas of Albania, Greece, and North Macedonia.
See Albania and Pashalik of Yanina
Patos (municipality)
Patos (Patosi) is a town and a municipality in the County of Fier, Albania.
See Albania and Patos (municipality)
Patos-Marinza Oil Field
Patos-Marinëz is an Albanian oil field that was discovered in 1928.
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Paulist Fathers
The Paulist Fathers, officially named the Missionary Society of Saint Paul the Apostle (Societas Sacerdotum Missionariorum a Sancto Paulo Apostolo), abbreviated CSP, is a Catholic society of apostolic life of Pontifical Right for men founded in New York City in 1858 by Isaac Hecker in collaboration with George Deshon, Augustine Hewit, and Francis A.
See Albania and Paulist Fathers
Peach
The peach (Prunus persica) is a deciduous tree first domesticated and cultivated in Zhejiang province of Eastern China.
Peasant Revolt (Albania)
The Peasant Revolt, also known as the Muslim uprising and in Albania as the Central Albania Uprising, was an uprising of peasants from central Albania, mostly Muslims against the regime of Wilhelm, Prince of Albania during 1914.
See Albania and Peasant Revolt (Albania)
Penguin Group
Penguin Group is a British trade book publisher and part of Penguin Random House, which is owned by the German media conglomerate Bertelsmann.
The People's Socialist Republic of Albania (Republika Popullore Socialiste e Shqipërisë), officially the People's Republic of Albania from 1946 until 1976, and from 1991 to 1992 as the Republic of Albania, was the one-party communist state in Albania from 1946 to 1991.
See Albania and People's Socialist Republic of Albania
Periplus of the Euxine Sea
The Periplus of the Euxine Sea (Περίπλους τοῦ ΕὐξείνουΠόντου, Períplous toû Euxeínou Póntou, modern Greek transliteration Períplous tou Efxínou Pódou, Periplus Ponti Euxini) is a periplus or guidebook detailing the destinations visitors encounter when traveling about the shore of the Black Sea.
See Albania and Periplus of the Euxine Sea
Peshkopi
Peshkopi (Peshkopia, Latin: Penestae) is a town located in the mountainous regions of northeastern Albania, in Dibër County.
Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations.
See Albania and Petroleum reservoir
Phoenice
Phoenice or Phoenike (Φοινίκη) was an ancient Greek city in Epirus and capital of the Chaonians.
Phonograph record
A phonograph record (also known as a gramophone record, especially in British English), a vinyl record (for later varieties only), or simply a record or vinyl is an analog sound storage medium in the form of a flat disc with an inscribed, modulated spiral groove.
See Albania and Phonograph record
Phytogeography
Phytogeography (from Greek φυτόν, phytón.
See Albania and Phytogeography
Pindus
The Pindus (also Pindos or Pindhos; Píndos; Pindet; Pindu) is a mountain range located in Northern Greece and Southern Albania.
Pindus Mountains mixed forests
The Pindus Mountains mixed forests constitute a terrestrial ecoregion of Europe according to both the WWF and Digital Map of European Ecological Regions by the European Environment Agency.
See Albania and Pindus Mountains mixed forests
Pine
A pine is any conifer tree or shrub in the genus Pinus of the family Pinaceae.
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Pjetër Bogdani
(Pietro Bogdano; 1627 – 6 December 1689) was the most original writer of Old Albanian literature.
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Pjetër Budi
Pjetër Budi (1566 – December 1622), was an Albanian Catholic bishop and a prominent Old Albanian author.
Planned economy
A planned economy is a type of economic system where the distribution of goods and services or the investment, production and the allocation of capital goods takes place according to economic plans that are either economy-wide or limited to a category of goods and services.
See Albania and Planned economy
Plav Municipality
Plav Municipality (Montenegrin, Komuna e Plavës) is one of the municipalities of Montenegro.
See Albania and Plav Municipality
Plav, Montenegro
Plav (Плав; Plavë) is a town in Montenegro in the northern region.
See Albania and Plav, Montenegro
Pleuratus II
Pleuratus II (Ancient Greek: Πλευρᾶτος; ruled c. 260 – 250 BC) was an Illyrian king of the Ardiaean Kingdom.
Plum
A plum is a fruit of some species in ''Prunus'' subg. ''Prunus''. Dried plums are often called prunes, though in the United States they may be labeled as 'dried plums', especially during the 21st century.
See Albania and Plum
Pogradec
Pogradec is the eleventh most populous city in Albania and the capital of the eponymous municipality.
Politics of Albania
Albania is a unitary parliamentary constitutional republic, in which the president of Albania is the head of state and the prime minister of Albania is the head of government in a multi-party system.
See Albania and Politics of Albania
Port
A port is a maritime facility comprising one or more wharves or loading areas, where ships load and discharge cargo and passengers.
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Port of Durrës
The Port of Durrës (Porti i Durrësit) is the largest seaport of Albania.
See Albania and Port of Durrës
Port of Sarandë
The Port of Sarandë or Sarandë Harbor is a port of Albania in the city of Sarandë, Albania.
See Albania and Port of Sarandë
Port of Shëngjin
The Port of Shëngjin or Shëngjin Harbor (Porti i Shëngjinit) is a port of Albania in the city of Shëngjin, Albania.
See Albania and Port of Shëngjin
Port of Vlorë
The Port of Vlorë or Vlorë Harbor (Porti i Vlorës) is a port of Albania in the city of Vlorë, Albania.
Potential enlargement of the European Union
There are currently nine states recognized as candidates for membership of the European Union: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, Turkey, and Ukraine.
See Albania and Potential enlargement of the European Union
Pottery
Pottery is the process and the products of forming vessels and other objects with clay and other raw materials, which are fired at high temperatures to give them a hard and durable form.
Powdered sugar
Powdered sugar, also called confectioners' sugar and icing sugar is a finely ground sugar produced by milling granulated sugar into a powdered state.
See Albania and Powdered sugar
Precipitation
In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls from clouds due to gravitational pull.
Prenk Bib Doda
Prenk Bib Doda, also known as Prênk Pasha (Prenk Bibë Doda; 1860–1919), was an Albanian member of the Young Turks, prince of Mirdita, and politician in the Principality of Albania.
See Albania and Prenk Bib Doda
President of Albania
The president of Albania (Presidenti i Shqipërisë), officially styled the President of the Republic of Albania (Presidenti i Republikës së Shqipërisë), is the head of state, commander-in-chief of the military and the representative of the unity of the Albanian people.
See Albania and President of Albania
Primary health care
Primary health care (PHC) is a whole-of-society approach to effectively organise and strengthen national health systems to bring services for health and wellbeing closer to communities.
See Albania and Primary health care
Prime Minister of Albania
The prime minister of Albania (Kryeministri i Shqipërisë), officially the prime minister of the Republic of Albania (Kryeministri i Republikës së Shqipërisë), is the head of government of Albania.
See Albania and Prime Minister of Albania
Princeton University Press
Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.
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Principality of Albania
The Principality of Albania (Principata e Shqipërisë) was a short-lived monarchy in Albania, headed by Wilhelm, Prince of Albania, that lasted from the Treaty of London of 1913 which ended the First Balkan War, through the invasions of Albania during World War I and the subsequent disputes over Albanian independence during the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, until 1925, when the monarchy was abolished and the Albanian Republic declared.
See Albania and Principality of Albania
Principality of Albania (medieval)
The Principality of Albania (Albanian: Principata e Arbërisë) was an Albanian principality ruled by the Albanian dynasty of Thopia.
See Albania and Principality of Albania (medieval)
Principality of Arbanon
Arbanon (Old Albanian: Arbën in Old Gheg, Arbër in Old Tosk; Arbanum) was a medieval principality in present-day Albania, ruled by the native Progoni family, and the first Albanian state to emerge in recorded history.
See Albania and Principality of Arbanon
Principality of Kastrioti
The Principality of Kastrioti (Principata ë Kastriotit) was one of the Albanian principalities during the Late Middle Ages.
See Albania and Principality of Kastrioti
Principality of Muzaka
The Principality of Muzaka (Albanian: Principata e Muzakajve) was an independent realm ruled by the Albanian Muzaka family with its capital at Berat, covering territories in Central and Southern Albania, Western Macedonia and Northern Greece.
See Albania and Principality of Muzaka
Pristina
Pristina, Prishtina or Priština is the capital and largest city of Kosovo.
Privatization
Privatization (rendered privatisation in British English) can mean several different things, most commonly referring to moving something from the public sector into the private sector.
Progon, Lord of Kruja
Progon was the first Albanian ruler known by name, an archon of the Kruja Fortress (modern Krujë) and its surroundings, known as the Principality of Arbanon.
See Albania and Progon, Lord of Kruja
Prose
Prose is the form of written language (including written speech or dialogue) that follows the natural flow of speech, a language's ordinary grammatical structures, or typical writing conventions and formatting.
Protected area
Protected areas or conservation areas are locations which receive protection because of their recognized natural, ecological or cultural values.
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Protected areas of Albania
Despite being a relatively small country, Albania is exceedingly rich in biodiversity.
See Albania and Protected areas of Albania
Protestantism
Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that emphasizes justification of sinners through faith alone, the teaching that salvation comes by unmerited divine grace, the priesthood of all believers, and the Bible as the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice.
Provisional Government of Albania
The Provisional Government of Albania (Qeveria e Përkohshme e Shqipërisë), also called the Qemali Government, was the first government of Albania, created by the Assembly of Vlorë on 4 December 1912.
See Albania and Provisional Government of Albania
Prunus cerasus
Prunus cerasus (sour cherry, tart cherry, or dwarf cherry) is a species of Prunus in the subgenus Cerasus (cherries), native to much of Europe, North Africa and West Asia.
See Albania and Prunus cerasus
Ptolemy
Claudius Ptolemy (Πτολεμαῖος,; Claudius Ptolemaeus; AD) was an Alexandrian mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, and music theorist who wrote about a dozen scientific treatises, three of which were important to later Byzantine, Islamic, and Western European science.
Public broadcasting
Public broadcasting (or public service broadcasting) involves radio, television, and other electronic media outlets whose primary mission is public service.
See Albania and Public broadcasting
Pygmy cormorant
The pygmy cormorant (Microcarbo pygmaeus) is a member of the Phalacrocoracidae (cormorant) family of seabirds.
See Albania and Pygmy cormorant
Pyramid of Tirana
The Pyramid of Tirana is a structure and former museum located in Tirana, the capital of Albania.
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Pyramid schemes in Albania
The 1997 rebellion in Albania was triggered significantly by the failure of multiple pyramid schemes.
See Albania and Pyramid schemes in Albania
Qeleshe
The, also known as and, is a white brimless felt skull cap traditionally worn by Albanians.
Ramsar Convention
The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of Ramsar sites (wetlands).
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Ramsar site
A Ramsar site is a wetland site designated to be of international importance under the Ramsar Convention,.
Rayah
A raiyah or reaya (from raʿāyā, a plural of رعيّة raʿiya "countryman, animal, sheep pasturing, subjects, nationals, flock", also spelled raiya, raja, raiah, re'aya; Ottoman Turkish رعايا; Modern Turkish râiya or reaya; related to the Arabic word rā'ī راعي which means "shepherd, herdsman, patron") was a member of the tax-paying lower class of Ottoman society, in contrast to the askeri and kul.
Red fox
The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is the largest of the true foxes and one of the most widely distributed members of the order Carnivora, being present across the entire Northern Hemisphere including most of North America, Europe and Asia, plus parts of North Africa.
Regional cuisine
Regional cuisine is cuisine based upon national, state or local regions.
See Albania and Regional cuisine
Religion in Albania
Albania is a secular and religiously diverse country with no official religion and thus, freedom of religion, belief and conscience are guaranteed under the country's constitution.
See Albania and Religion in Albania
Religious festival
A religious festival is a time of special importance marked by adherents to that religion.
See Albania and Religious festival
Remorse
Remorse is a distressing emotion experienced by an individual who regrets actions which they have done in the past that they deem to be shameful, hurtful, or wrong.
Renewable energy
Renewable energy (or green energy) is energy from renewable natural resources that are replenished on a human timescale.
See Albania and Renewable energy
Reporters Without Borders
Reporters Without Borders (RWB; Reporters sans frontières; RSF) is an international non-profit and non-governmental organization focused on safeguarding the right to freedom of information.
See Albania and Reporters Without Borders
Republic
A republic, based on the Latin phrase res publica ('public affair'), is a state in which political power rests with the public through their representatives—in contrast to a monarchy.
Republic of Ragusa
The Republic of Ragusa (Republica de Ragusa; Respublica Ragusina; Repubblica di Ragusa; Dubrovačka Republika; Repùblega de Raguxa) was an aristocratic maritime republic centered on the city of Dubrovnik (Ragusa in Italian and Latin; Raguxa in Venetian) in South Dalmatia (today in southernmost Croatia) that carried that name from 1358 until 1808.
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Research and development
Research and development (R&D or R+D; also known in Europe as research and technological development or RTD) is the set of innovative activities undertaken by corporations or governments in developing new services or products and carrier science computer marketplace e-commerce, copy center and service maintenance troubleshooting software, hardware improving existing ones.
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Respiratory disease
Respiratory diseases, or lung diseases, are pathological conditions affecting the organs and tissues that make gas exchange difficult in air-breathing animals.
See Albania and Respiratory disease
Revolutions of 1989
The Revolutions of 1989, also known as the Fall of Communism, were a revolutionary wave of liberal democracy movements that resulted in the collapse of most Marxist–Leninist governments in the Eastern Bloc and other parts of the world.
See Albania and Revolutions of 1989
Rise of nationalism in the Ottoman Empire
The rise of the Western notion of nationalism in the Ottoman Empire eventually caused the breakdown of the Ottoman millet system.
See Albania and Rise of nationalism in the Ottoman Empire
Rita Ora
Rita Sahatçiu Ora (born Rita Sahatçiu; 26 November 1990) is a British singer, songwriter, television personality, and actress.
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.
Roman Republic
The Roman Republic (Res publica Romana) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom (traditionally dated to 509 BC) and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire following the War of Actium.
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Romani language
Romani (also Romany, Romanes, Roma; rromani ćhib) is an Indo-Aryan macrolanguage of the Romani communities.
See Albania and Romani language
Romani people
The Romani, also spelled Romany or Rromani and colloquially known as the Roma (Rom), are an ethnic group of Indo-Aryan origin who traditionally lived a nomadic, itinerant lifestyle.
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeast Europe. Albania and Romania are Balkan countries, countries in Europe, member states of NATO, member states of the Union for the Mediterranean, member states of the United Nations and republics.
The Romania national football team (Echipa națională de fotbal a României) represents Romania in men's international football, and is administered by the Romanian Football Federation (Federația Română de Fotbal), also known as FRF.
See Albania and Romania national football team
Romanticism
Romanticism (also known as the Romantic movement or Romantic era) was an artistic and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century.
Rosemary
Salvia rosmarinus, commonly known as rosemary, is a shrub with fragrant, evergreen, needle-like leaves and white, pink, purple, or blue flowers.
Rowman & Littlefield
Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group is an American independent academic publishing company founded in 1949.
See Albania and Rowman & Littlefield
Royal Tombs of Selca e Poshtme
The Illyrian Tombs of Selca e Poshtme are located near the town of Pogradec in Albania near the village of Selcë e Poshtme.
See Albania and Royal Tombs of Selca e Poshtme
Rozafa Castle
Rozafa Castle (Kalaja e Rozafës) or Shkodër Castle (Kalaja e Shkodrës) is a castle near the city of Shkodër, in northwestern Albania.
Rrajcë
Rrajcë is a village and a former municipality in Elbasan County, in eastern Albania.
RTSH
Radio Televizioni Shqiptar ("Albanian Radio and Television"; mostly called RTSH) is the national public broadcasting company of Albania.
See Albania and RTSH
Rugby union
Rugby union football, commonly known simply as rugby union or more often just rugby, is a close-contact team sport that originated at Rugby School in England in the first half of the 19th century.
Sacral architecture
Sacral architecture (also known as sacred architecture or religious architecture) is a religious architectural practice concerned with the design and construction of places of worship or sacred or intentional space, such as churches, mosques, stupas, synagogues, and temples.
See Albania and Sacral architecture
Saimir Pirgu
Saimir Pirgu (born 23 September 1981 in Elbasan) is an Albanian international opera singer (tenor).
Sali Berisha
Sali Ram Berisha (born 15 October 1944) is an Albanian cardiologist and conservative politician who served as the president of Albania from 1992 to 1997 and 32nd prime minister from 2005 to 2013.
Salvia
Salvia is the largest genus of plants in the sage family Lamiaceae, with nearly 1000 species of shrubs, herbaceous perennials, and annuals.
Samir Mane
Samir Mane; born 24 December 1967 is an Albanian entrepreneur.
Sanjak
A sanjak (سنجاق,, "flag, banner") was an administrative division of the Ottoman Empire.
Sanjak of Prizren
The Sanjak of Prizren (Prizren Sancağı, Sanxhaku i Prizrenit, Призренски санџак / Prizrenski sandžak) was one of the sanjaks in the Ottoman Empire with Prizren as its administrative centre.
See Albania and Sanjak of Prizren
Sanjak-bey
Sanjak-bey, sanjaq-bey or -beg (سنجاق بك) was the title given in the Ottoman Empire to a bey (a high-ranking officer, but usually not a pasha) appointed to the military and administrative command of a district (sanjak, in Arabic liwa’), hence the equivalent Arabic title of amir liwa (أمير لواء) He was answerable to a superior wāli or another provincial governor.
Sarandë
Sarandë (Saranda; Ágioi Saránta) is a city in the Republic of Albania and seat of Sarandë Municipality.
Sazan
Sazan (Sazani) is an Albanian uninhabited island in the Mediterranean Sea.
Scandinavia
Scandinavia is a subregion of Northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural, and linguistic ties between its constituent peoples.
School life expectancy
School life expectancy is a measure of how many years of education a child of school-entering age would receive during their lifetime if the school enrollment rates stay the same as of today.
See Albania and School life expectancy
Scutari vilayet
The Vilayet of Scutari, Shkodër or Shkodra (İşkodra Vilayeti or Vilayet-i İşkodra; Vilajeti i Shkodrës) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire that existed from 1867 to 1913, located in parts of what today is Montenegro and Albania.
See Albania and Scutari vilayet
Secular state
A secular state is an idea pertaining to secularity, whereby a state is or purports to be officially neutral in matters of religion, supporting neither religion nor irreligion.
Selenicë
Selenicë (Selenitsã "Selițcă") is a municipality in Vlorë County, southwestern Albania.
Separation of powers
The separation of powers principle functionally differentiates several types of state power (usually law-making, adjudication, and execution) and requires these operations of government to be conceptually and institutionally distinguishable and articulated, thereby maintaining the integrity of each.
See Albania and Separation of powers
Serbia
Serbia, officially the Republic of Serbia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Southeast and Central Europe, located in the Balkans and the Pannonian Plain. Albania and Serbia are Balkan countries, countries in Europe, member states of the United Nations and republics.
Serbian Empire
The Serbian Empire (Српско царство / Srpsko carstvo) was a medieval Serbian state that emerged from the Kingdom of Serbia.
See Albania and Serbian Empire
Serbian language
Serbian (српски / srpski) is the standardized variety of the Serbo-Croatian language mainly used by Serbs.
See Albania and Serbian language
Serbs
The Serbs (Srbi) are a South Slavic ethnic group native to Southeastern Europe who share a common Serbian ancestry, culture, history, and language.
Serbs and Montenegrins in Albania
Serbs and Montenegrins (Serbs-Montenegrins) are an ethno-linguistic community in Albania.
See Albania and Serbs and Montenegrins in Albania
Seventh-day Adventist Church
The Seventh-day Adventist Church (SDA) is an Adventist Protestant Christian denomination which is distinguished by its observance of Saturday, the seventh day of the week in the Christian (Gregorian) and the Hebrew calendar, as the Sabbath, its emphasis on the imminent Second Coming (advent) of Jesus Christ, and its annihilationist soteriology.
See Albania and Seventh-day Adventist Church
Shebenik
Shebenik ('Shebeniku') is a mountain situated northeast of Librazhd municipality, in eastern Albania.
Shebenik National Park
Shebenik National Park (Parku Kombëtar i Shebenikut) is a national park in eastern Albania adjacent to the border with North Macedonia.
See Albania and Shebenik National Park
Shkodër County
Shkodër County (Qarku i Shkodrës) is a county in northwestern Albania, with the capital in Shkodër.
See Albania and Shkodër County
Shkumbin
The Shkumbin, also known as Shkembi, is a river in Southern Europe.
Sicily
Sicily (Sicilia,; Sicilia,, officially Regione Siciliana) is an island in the central Mediterranean Sea, south of the Italian Peninsula in continental Europe and is one of the 20 regions of Italy.
Sideritis
Sideritis, also known as ironwort, mountain tea, Greek tea and shepherd's tea, is a genus of flowering plants known for their use as herbal medicine, commonly as a herbal tea.
Siege of Pelium
The siege of Pelium was undertaken by Alexander the Great against the Illyrian tribes in parts of what is modern-day Albania.
See Albania and Siege of Pelium
Siege of Shkodra
The siege of Shkodra took place from May 1478 to April 1479 as a confrontation between the Ottoman Empire and the Venetians together with the League of Lezhe and other Albanians at Shkodra (Scutari in Italian) and its Rozafa Castle during the First Ottoman-Venetian War (1463–1479).
See Albania and Siege of Shkodra
Sino-Soviet split
The Sino-Soviet split was the gradual worsening of relations between the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) during the Cold War.
See Albania and Sino-Soviet split
Skanderbeg
Gjergj Kastrioti (17 January 1468), commonly known as Skanderbeg, was an Albanian feudal lord and military commander who led a rebellion against the Ottoman Empire in what is today Albania, North Macedonia, Greece, Kosovo, Montenegro, and Serbia.
Skanderbeg Square
The Skanderbeg Square is the main plaza in the centre of Tirana, Albania.
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Skavica Hydro Power Plant
Skavica Hydro Power Plant is a proposed large power plant on the Drin River situated in Albania.
See Albania and Skavica Hydro Power Plant
Small Prespa Lake
Small Prespa Lake (Λίμνη Μικρή Πρέσπα, Limni Mikri Prespa; Prespa e Vogël; Мало Преспанско Езеро, Malo Prespansko Ezero) is a lake shared between Greece (138 km² drainage area; 42.5 km² surface area) and Albania (51 km² drainage area; 4.3 km² surface area).
See Albania and Small Prespa Lake
The Socialist Party of Albania (Partia Socialiste e Shqipërisë, PS or PSSh) is a social-democratic political party in Albania.
See Albania and Socialist Party of Albania
Solar energy
Solar energy is radiant light and heat from the Sun that is harnessed using a range of technologies such as solar power to generate electricity, solar thermal energy (including solar water heating), and solar architecture.
Soured milk
Soured milk denotes a range of food products produced by the acidification of milk.
South Slavs
South Slavs are Slavic people who speak South Slavic languages and inhabit a contiguous region of Southeast Europe comprising the eastern Alps and the Balkan Peninsula.
Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe or Southeastern Europe (SEE) is a geographical sub-region of Europe, consisting primarily of the region of the Balkans, as well as adjacent regions and archipelagos.
See Albania and Southeast Europe
Southern Europe
Southern Europe is the southern region of Europe.
See Albania and Southern Europe
Southern Gas Corridor
The Southern Gas Corridor is an initiative of the European Commission for a natural gas supply route from Caspian and Middle Eastern regions to Europe, proposed in 2008.
See Albania and Southern Gas Corridor
Southern Mountain Region (Albania)
The Southern Mountain Region (Krahina Malore Jugore) is a physiogeographical region in southern Albania.
See Albania and Southern Mountain Region (Albania)
Sovereign state
A sovereign state is a state that has the highest authority over a territory.
See Albania and Sovereign state
Sovereignty
Sovereignty can generally be defined as supreme authority.
Sparidae
Sparidae is a family of ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Spariformes, the seabreams and porgies, although they were traditionally classified in the order Perciformes.
Spearmint
Spearmint, scientific name Mentha spicata, also known as garden mint, common mint, lamb mint and mackerel mint, is native to Europe and southern temperate Asia, extending from Ireland in the west to southern China in the east.
Spinach
Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is a leafy green flowering plant native to central and Western Asia.
Stalinist architecture
Stalinist architecture, mostly known in the former Eastern Bloc as Stalinist style or socialist classicism, is the architecture of the Soviet Union under the leadership of Joseph Stalin, between 1933 (when Boris Iofan's draft for the Palace of the Soviets was officially approved) and 1955 (when Nikita Khrushchev condemned "excesses" of the past decades and disbanded the Soviet Academy of Architecture).
See Albania and Stalinist architecture
Starčevo culture
The Starčevo culture is an archaeological culture of Southeastern Europe, dating to the Neolithic period between c. 6200 and 4500 BCE.
See Albania and Starčevo culture
State atheism
State atheism or atheist state is the incorporation of hard atheism or non-theism into political regimes.
State of emergency
A state of emergency is a situation in which a government is empowered to put through policies that it would normally not be permitted to do, for the safety and protection of its citizens.
See Albania and State of emergency
State Police (Albania)
The Albanian State Police (Policia e Shtetit) is the national police and law enforcement agency which operates throughout the Republic of Albania.
See Albania and State Police (Albania)
State religion
A state religion (also called official religion) is a religion or creed officially endorsed by a sovereign state.
See Albania and State religion
State school
A state school, public school, or government school is a primary or secondary school that educates all students without charge.
Stato da Màr
The Stato da Màr or Domini da Mar was the Republic of Venice's maritime and overseas possessions from around 1000 to 1797, including at various times parts of what are now Istria, Dalmatia, Montenegro, Albania, Greece and notably the Ionian Islands, Peloponnese, Crete, Cyclades, Euboea, as well as Cyprus.
Stefan Dušan
Stefan Uroš IV Dušan (Стефан Урош IV Душан), also known as Dušan the Mighty (– 20 December 1355), was the King of Serbia from 8 September 1331 and Emperor of the Serbs, Greeks, Bulgarians and Albanians from 16 April 1346 until his death in 1355.
Strawberry
The garden strawberry (or simply strawberry; Fragaria × ananassa) is a widely grown hybrid species of the genus Fragaria in the rose family, Rosaceae, collectively known as the strawberries, which are cultivated worldwide for their fruit.
Subarctic climate
The subarctic climate (also called subpolar climate, or boreal climate) is a continental climate with long, cold (often very cold) winters, and short, warm to cool summers.
See Albania and Subarctic climate
Sublime Porte
The Sublime Porte, also known as the Ottoman Porte or High Porte (Bāb-ı Ālī or Babıali, from gate and عالي), was a synecdoche or metaphor used to refer collectively to the central government of the Ottoman Empire in Istanbul.
Sufi lodge
A Sufi lodge is a building designed specifically for gatherings of a Sufi brotherhood or tariqa and is a place for spiritual practice and religious education.
Sugar beet
A sugar beet is a plant whose root contains a high concentration of sucrose and which is grown commercially for sugar production.
Sultan
Sultan (سلطان) is a position with several historical meanings.
Sunni Islam
Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims, and simultaneously the largest religious denomination in the world.
Supreme Court of Albania
The Supreme Court of the Republic of Albania (Gjykata e Lartë e Republikës së Shqipërisë) is the highest court of Albania and is the final court of appeals in the country's judicial system.
See Albania and Supreme Court of Albania
Switzerland
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. Albania and Switzerland are countries in Europe, member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie and member states of the United Nations.
Taçi Oil
Taçi Oil is an Albanian petroleum company and oil distributor in Albania headquartered in Tirana.
Taranto
Taranto (Tarde) is a coastal city in Apulia, Southern Italy.
Taulantii
Taulantii or Taulantians ('swallow-men'; Ancient Greek:, or,; Taulantii) were an Illyrian people that lived on the Adriatic coast of southern Illyria (modern Albania).
Tavë kosi
Tavë kosi ("soured milk casserole") is a national dish in Albania.
Tefta Tashko-Koço
Tefta Tashko-Koço (2 November 191022 December 1947) was an Albanian singer and soprano.
See Albania and Tefta Tashko-Koço
Telecommunications industry
The telecommunications industries within the sector of information and communication technology is made up of all telecommunications/telephone companies and internet service providers and plays a crucial role in the evolution of mobile communications and the information society.
See Albania and Telecommunications industry
Telephone company
A telephone company is a kind of electronic communications service provider, more precisely a telecommunications service provider (TSP), that provides telecommunications services such as telephony and data communications access.
See Albania and Telephone company
Telephone numbers in Albania
For domestic calls (within the country), 0 must be dialled before the user number of another administrative unit.
See Albania and Telephone numbers in Albania
Televizioni Klan
Televizioni Klan, also shortened to TV Klan, is an Albanian private television channel with national coverage, based in Tirana, Albania.
See Albania and Televizioni Klan
Territorial integrity
Territorial integrity is the principle under international law where sovereign states have a right to defend their borders and all territory in them from another state.
See Albania and Territorial integrity
Tertiary education
Tertiary education, also referred to as third-level, third-stage or post-secondary education, is the educational level following the completion of secondary education.
See Albania and Tertiary education
Tertiary sector of the economy
The tertiary sector of the economy, generally known as the service sector, is the third of the three economic sectors in the three-sector model (also known as the economic cycle).
See Albania and Tertiary sector of the economy
Textile industry
The textile industry is primarily concerned with the design, production and distribution of textiles: yarn, cloth and clothing.
See Albania and Textile industry
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, informally known as the LDS Church or Mormon Church, is the largest Latter Day Saint denomination, tracing its roots to its founding by Joseph Smith during the Second Great Awakening.
See Albania and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
The Daily Telegraph
The Daily Telegraph, known online and elsewhere as The Telegraph, is a British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed in the United Kingdom and internationally.
See Albania and The Daily Telegraph
The Economist
The Economist is a British weekly newspaper published in printed magazine format and digitally.
The Great Warrior Skanderbeg
The Great Warrior Skanderbeg (Luftëtari i madh i Shqipërisë Skënderbeu; Velikiy voin Albanii Skanderbeg) is a 1953 Soviet-Albanian biopic directed by Sergei Yutkevich.
See Albania and The Great Warrior Skanderbeg
The Guardian
The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.
The New York Times
The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.
See Albania and The New York Times
The World Factbook
The World Factbook, also known as the CIA World Factbook, is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world.
See Albania and The World Factbook
Thekna mine
The Thekna mine is a large mine located in central Albania in Dibër County, east of the capital, Tirana.
Theodosius I
Theodosius I (Θεοδόσιος; 11 January 347 – 17 January 395), also called Theodosius the Great, was a Roman emperor from 379 to 395.
Thopia family
The Thopia were one of the most powerful Albanian feudal families in the Late Middle Ages, part of the nobility of the Angevin Kingdom of Albania.
Thyme
Thyme is a culinary herb consisting of the dried aerial parts of some members of the genus Thymus of flowering plants in the mint family Lamiaceae.
Tirana
Tirana (Tirona) is the capital and largest city of Albania.
Tirana County
Tirana County (italic), officially the County of Tirana (italic), is a county in the Central Region of the Republic of Albania.
Tirana International Airport Nënë Tereza
Tirana International Airport Nënë Tereza (Aeroporti Ndërkombëtar i Tiranës Nënë Tereza), often referred to as the Rinas International Airport, is one of the two main international airports of the Republic of Albania.
See Albania and Tirana International Airport Nënë Tereza
Tomorr
Tomorr is a mountain chain in the region of Berat and Skrapar, in Albania.
Top Channel
Top Channel is a national commercial television network based in Tirana, Albania.
Topography
Topography is the study of the forms and features of land surfaces.
Tosk Albanian
Tosk (toskërishtja) is the southern group of dialects of the Albanian language, spoken by the ethnographic group known as Tosks.
Tosks
Tosks (Toskët) are one of two major ethnic subgroups of Albanians (the other being the Ghegs) differentiated by their cultural, linguistic, social and religious characteristics.
Total fertility rate
The total fertility rate (TFR) of a population is the average number of children that are born to a woman over her lifetime, if they were to experience the exact current age-specific fertility rates (ASFRs) through their lifetime, and they were to live from birth until the end of their reproductive life.
See Albania and Total fertility rate
Tourism in Albania
Tourism in Albania has been a key element to the country's economic activity and is constantly developing.
See Albania and Tourism in Albania
Traditional Albanian clothing
The traditional Albanian clothing includes more than 500 different varieties of clothing in all Albania and the Albanian-speaking territories and communities (including the Arbëreshë in Italy, Arvanites in Greece and Arbanasi in Croatia).
See Albania and Traditional Albanian clothing
Trans Adriatic Pipeline
The Trans Adriatic Pipeline (TAP; Gazsjellësi Trans-Adriatik; Diadriatikós Agogós Fysikoú Aeríou; Gasdotto Trans-Adriatico) is a natural gas pipeline operational since 2020, running from Greece through Albania and the Adriatic Sea to Italy.
See Albania and Trans Adriatic Pipeline
Treaty of Berlin (1878)
The Treaty of Berlin (formally the Treaty between Austria-Hungary, France, Germany, Great Britain and Ireland, Italy, Russia, and the Ottoman Empire for the Settlement of Affairs in the East) was signed on 13 July 1878.
See Albania and Treaty of Berlin (1878)
Treaty of London (1913)
The Treaty of London (1913) was signed on 30 May following the London Conference of 1912–1913.
See Albania and Treaty of London (1913)
Treaty of San Stefano
The 1878 Preliminary Treaty of San Stefano (Сан-Стефанский мир; Peace of San-Stefano, Сан-Стефанский мирный договор; Peace treaty of San-Stefano, or Ayastefanos Antlaşması) was a treaty between the Russian and Ottoman empires at the conclusion of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878.
See Albania and Treaty of San Stefano
Trout
Trout (trout) is a generic common name for numerous species of carnivorous freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the genera Oncorhynchus, Salmo and Salvelinus, all of which are members of the subfamily Salmoninae in the family Salmonidae.
Tumulus
A tumulus (tumuli) is a mound of earth and stones raised over a grave or graves.
Turhan Përmeti
Turhan Përmeti (19 December 1846 – 18 February 1927) was an Albanian politician and statesman who served as the second prime minister of Albania, serving from March 1914 to September 1914 and from December 1918 to January 1920.
See Albania and Turhan Përmeti
UEFA
The Union of European Football Associations (UEFA; Union des associations européennes de football; Union der europäischen Fußballverbände) is one of six continental bodies of governance in association football.
See Albania and UEFA
UEFA Euro 2016
The 2016 UEFA European Football Championship, commonly referred to as UEFA Euro 2016 (stylised as UEFA EURO 2016) or simply Euro 2016, was the 15th UEFA European Championship, the quadrennial international men's football championship of Europe organised by UEFA.
See Albania and UEFA Euro 2016
Unemployment
Unemployment, according to the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development), is people above a specified age (usually 15) not being in paid employment or self-employment but currently available for work during the reference period.
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; pronounced) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture.
UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists
UNESCO established its Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage with the aim of ensuring better protection of important intangible cultural heritages worldwide and the awareness of their significance.
See Albania and UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists
UNICEF
UNICEF, originally the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund, officially United Nations Children's Fund since 1953, is an agency of the United Nations responsible for providing humanitarian and developmental aid to children worldwide.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was a sovereign state in Northwestern Europe that was established by the union in 1801 of the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland.
See Albania and United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is a diplomatic and political international organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and serve as a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations.
See Albania and United Nations
United Nations Development Programme
The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)Programme des Nations unies pour le développement, PNUD is a United Nations agency tasked with helping countries eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable economic growth and human development.
See Albania and United Nations Development Programme
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (ECE or UNECE) is one of the five regional commissions under the jurisdiction of the United Nations Economic and Social Council.
See Albania and United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia
The United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG) was established by United Nations Security Council Resolution 858 on 24 August 1993 to verify compliance with a 27 July 1993 ceasefire agreement between the Republic of Georgia and forces in Abkhazia with special attention given to the situation in the city of Sukhumi, Georgia.
See Albania and United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia
United States Department of State
The United States Department of State (DOS), or simply the State Department, is an executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy and relations.
See Albania and United States Department of State
Universal health care
Universal health care (also called universal health coverage, universal coverage, or universal care) is a health care system in which all residents of a particular country or region are assured access to health care.
See Albania and Universal health care
University of Gothenburg
The University of Gothenburg (Göteborgs universitet) is a university in Sweden's second largest city, Gothenburg.
See Albania and University of Gothenburg
Vaçe Zela
Vaçe Zela (7 April 19396 February 2014) was an Albanian singer and songwriter.
Valbona Valley
The Valbona Valley (Luginës së Valbonës) is in the Albanian Alps in northern Albania.
See Albania and Valbona Valley
Vau i Dejës Hydroelectric Power Station
The Vau i Dejës Hydroelectric Power Station is a hydroelectric dam on the Drin River, in Albania, near the settlement of Vau i Dejës.
See Albania and Vau i Dejës Hydroelectric Power Station
Vegetable oil
Vegetable oils, or vegetable fats, are oils extracted from seeds or from other parts of edible plants.
Venetian Albania
Venetian Albania (Albania vèneta, Albania Veneta,, Mletačka Albanija, Млетачка Албанија) was the official term for several possessions of the Republic of Venice in the southeastern Adriatic, encompassing coastal territories primarily in present-day southern Montenegro and partially in northern Albania.
See Albania and Venetian Albania
Vermosh
Vermosh (definite form Vermoshi) is the northernmost village of Albania, located in the former Kelmend municipality.
Vilayet
A vilayet (lang, "province"), also known by various other names, was a first-order administrative division of the later Ottoman Empire.
Viticulture
Viticulture (vitis cultura, "vine-growing"), viniculture (vinis cultura, "wine-growing"), or winegrowing is the cultivation and harvesting of grapes.
Vizion Plus
Vizion Plus is a national privately owned channel established in 1999 in Tirana, Albania.
Vjosa
The Vjosa (indefinite form: Vjosë) or Aoös (Αώος) is a river in northwestern Greece and southwestern Albania.
Vlorë
Vlorë (Vlora) is the third most populous city of the Republic of Albania and seat of Vlorë County and Vlorë Municipality.
Vlorë County
Vlorë County (Qarku i Vlorës) is one of the 12 counties of the Republic of Albania with the capital in Vlorë.
Vodafone Albania
Vodafone Albania is a major telecommunications company based in Tirana, Albania.
See Albania and Vodafone Albania
Warsaw Pact
The Warsaw Pact (WP), formally the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance (TFCMA), was a collective defense treaty signed in Warsaw, Poland, between the Soviet Union and seven other Eastern Bloc socialist republics of Central and Eastern Europe in May 1955, during the Cold War.
Waste management
Waste management or waste disposal includes the processes and actions required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal.
See Albania and Waste management
Water pollution
Water pollution (or aquatic pollution) is the contamination of water bodies, with a negative impact on their uses.
See Albania and Water pollution
Water resources
Water resources are natural resources of water that are potentially useful for humans, for example as a source of drinking water supply or irrigation water.
See Albania and Water resources
Waterproofing
Waterproofing is the process of making an object, person or structure waterproof or water-resistant so that it remains relatively unaffected by water or resisting the ingress of water under specified conditions.
Western Europe
Western Europe is the western region of Europe.
See Albania and Western Europe
Western European Union
The Western European Union (WEU; Union de l'Europe occidentale, UEO; Westeuropäische Union., WEU) was the international organisation and military alliance that succeeded the Western Union (WU) after the 1954 amendment of the 1948 Treaty of Brussels.
See Albania and Western European Union
Western Roman Empire
In modern historiography, the Western Roman Empire was the western provinces of the Roman Empire, collectively, during any period in which they were administered separately from the eastern provinces by a separate, independent imperial court.
See Albania and Western Roman Empire
Westernization
Westernization (or Westernisation, see spelling differences), also Europeanisation or occidentalization (from the Occident), is a process whereby societies come under or adopt what is considered to be Western culture, in areas such as industry, technology, science, education, politics, economics, lifestyle, law, norms, mores, customs, traditions, values, mentality, perceptions, diet, clothing, language, writing system, religion, and philosophy.
See Albania and Westernization
White Drin
The White Drin or White Drim (Drini i Bardhë; italics, Бели Дрим) is a river in Kosovo and northern Albania, a ca.
Wildcat
The wildcat is a species complex comprising two small wild cat species: the European wildcat (Felis silvestris) and the African wildcat (F. lybica).
William, Prince of Wied
William V, Prince of Wied (Wilhelm Adolph Maximilian Karl Fürst von Wied; 22 August 184522 October 1907) was a German army officer and politician, elder son of Hermann, Prince of Wied.
See Albania and William, Prince of Wied
Wind power
Wind power is the use of wind energy to generate useful work.
Wolf
The wolf (Canis lupus;: wolves), also known as the gray wolf or grey wolf, is a large canine native to Eurasia and North America.
See Albania and Wolf
World Economic Forum
The World Economic Forum (WEF) is an international non-governmental organization, think tank, and lobbying organisation based in Cologny, Canton of Geneva, Switzerland.
See Albania and World Economic Forum
World Health Organization
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health.
See Albania and World Health Organization
World Heritage Site
World Heritage Sites are landmarks and areas with legal protection by an international convention administered by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, or scientific significance.
See Albania and World Heritage Site
World Network of Biosphere Reserves
The UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR) covers internationally designated protected areas, known as biosphere or nature reserves, which are meant to demonstrate a balanced relationship between people and nature (e.g. encourage sustainable development).
See Albania and World Network of Biosphere Reserves
World Press Freedom Index
The World Press Freedom Index (WPFI) is an annual ranking of countries compiled and published by Reporters Without Borders (RSF) since 2002 based upon the organization's own assessment of the countries' press freedom records in the previous year.
See Albania and World Press Freedom Index
World War I
World War I (alternatively the First World War or the Great War) (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers.
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.
World Weightlifting Championships
The World Weightlifting Championships is an international weightlifting competition, currently held annually (except for years of the Summer Olympic Games) by the International Weightlifting Federation (IWF).
See Albania and World Weightlifting Championships
Xhamadan
A xhamadan or xhamadani is a traditional wool garment worn by Albanian men.
Yale University
Yale University is a private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut.
See Albania and Yale University
Yogurt
Yogurt (from; also spelled yoghurt, yogourt or yoghourt) is a food produced by bacterial fermentation of milk.
Zagan Pasha
Zaganos or Zagan Pasha (زاغنوس پاشا, Zağanos Paşa, Zognush Pasha; 1426 – 1469) was an Albanian Ottoman military commander, with the titles and ranks of kapudan pasha and the highest military rank, grand vizier, during the reign of Sultan Mehmed II "the Conqueror".
Zaharia family
The Zaharia family was an Albanian noble family, most prominent during the 14th and 15th century.
See Albania and Zaharia family
Zog I
Zog I (Ahmed Muhtar Zogolli; 8 October 18959 April 1961) was the leader of Albania from 1922 to 1939.
Zografi Brothers
The brothers Kostandin Zografi and Athanas Zografi (or as they were known locally, Kostë and Thanas Korçari) were Albanian painters of the 18th century from Dardhë, in modern Korçë municipality, southern Albania (then Ottoman Empire).
See Albania and Zografi Brothers
.al
.al is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Albania.
See Albania and .al
1946 Balkan Cup
The 1946 Balkan Cup was the 8th edition of this tournament.
See Albania and 1946 Balkan Cup
1954 Cannes Film Festival
The 7th Cannes Film Festival was held from 25 March to 9 April 1954.
See Albania and 1954 Cannes Film Festival
1972 Summer Olympics
The 1972 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XX Olympiad and officially branded as Munich 1972 (München 1972), were an international multi-sport event held in Munich, West Germany, from 26 August to 11 September 1972.
See Albania and 1972 Summer Olympics
1972 World Weightlifting Championships
The 1972 Men's World Weightlifting Championships were held in Munich, West Germany from August 27 to September 6, 1972.
See Albania and 1972 World Weightlifting Championships
1987 Mediterranean Games
The X Mediterranean Games (ألعاب البحر الأبيض المتوسط 1987), commonly known as the 1987 Mediterranean Games, were the 10th Mediterranean Games.
See Albania and 1987 Mediterranean Games
1991 Albanian parliamentary election
Constitutional Assembly elections were held in the People's Socialist Republic of Albania on 31 March 1991, with later rounds on 7 April and 14 April.
See Albania and 1991 Albanian parliamentary election
1992 Albanian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Albania on 22 March 1992, with a second round of voting for eleven seats on 29 March.
See Albania and 1992 Albanian parliamentary election
1992 Winter Olympics
The 1992 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XVI Olympic Winter Games (XVIes Jeux Olympiques d'hiver) and commonly known as Albertville '92 (Arpitan: Arbèrtvile '92), was a winter multi-sport event held from 8 to 23 February 1992 in and around Albertville, France.
See Albania and 1992 Winter Olympics
1997 Albanian civil unrest
In 1997, widespread civil unrest struck Albania due to economic problems in the country that were caused by the collapse of pyramid schemes.
See Albania and 1997 Albanian civil unrest
19th meridian east
The meridian 19° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Africa, the Atlantic Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.
See Albania and 19th meridian east
2002 World Weightlifting Championships
The 2002 World Weightlifting Championships were held in Warsaw, Poland from November 18 to November 26, 2002.
See Albania and 2002 World Weightlifting Championships
2006 Winter Olympics
The 2006 Winter Olympics (2006 Olimpiadi invernali), officially the XX Olympic Winter Games (XX Giochi olimpici invernali) and also known as Torino 2006, were a winter multi-sport event held from 10 to 26 February in Turin, Italy.
See Albania and 2006 Winter Olympics
2008 Kosovo declaration of independence
The 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence, which proclaimed the Republic of Kosovo to be a state independent from Serbia, was adopted at a meeting held on 17 February 2008 by 109 out of the 120 members of the Assembly of Kosovo, including the Prime Minister of Kosovo, Hashim Thaçi, and by the President of Kosovo, Fatmir Sejdiu (who was not a member of the Assembly).
See Albania and 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence
2011 World Weightlifting Championships
The 2011 World Weightlifting Championships were held at Disneyland Paris in Paris, France.
See Albania and 2011 World Weightlifting Championships
2013 Albanian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Albania on 23 June 2013.
See Albania and 2013 Albanian parliamentary election
2013 Mediterranean Games
The 2013 Mediterranean Games (2013 Akdeniz Oyunları), officially known as the XVII Mediterranean Games (XVII Akdeniz Oyunları) and commonly known as Mersin 2013, was an international multi-sport event held from 20 to 30 June 2013 in Mersin, Turkey.
See Albania and 2013 Mediterranean Games
21st meridian east
The meridian 21° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, Europe, Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.
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39th parallel north
The 39th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 39 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane.
See Albania and 39th parallel north
42nd parallel north
The 42nd parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 42 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane.
See Albania and 42nd parallel north
See also
Balkan countries
- Albania
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Bulgaria
- Croatia
- Greece
- Kosovo
- Montenegro
- North Macedonia
- Romania
- Serbia
- Slovenia
- Turkey
Countries and territories where Albanian is an official language
- Albania
- Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija
- Kosovo
- North Macedonia
- Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo
Member states of NATO
- Albania
- Belgium
- Bulgaria
- Canada
- Canada and NATO
- Croatia
- Czech Republic
- Denmark
- Estonia
- Finland
- Finland and NATO
- France
- Germany
- Greece
- Hungary
- Iceland
- Italy
- Kingdom of the Netherlands
- Latvia
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Member states of NATO
- Montenegro
- Netherlands
- North Macedonia
- North Macedonia and NATO
- Norway
- Poland
- Portugal
- Romania
- Romania and NATO
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Spain
- Sweden
- Sweden and NATO
- Turkey
- United Kingdom
- United States
Member states of the Union for the Mediterranean
- Albania
- Algeria
- Austria
- Belgium
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Bulgaria
- Croatia
- Cyprus
- Denmark
- Egypt
- Estonia
- Finland
- France
- Germany
- Greece
- Hungary
- Israel
- Italy
- Kingdom of the Netherlands
- Latvia
- Lebanon
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Malta
- Monaco
- Montenegro
- Morocco
- Poland
- Portugal
- Romania
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Spain
- Sweden
- Tunisia
- Turkey
States and territories established in 1912
- Albania
- Arizona
- Assam Province
- Bihar
- Bihar and Orissa Province
- Chahar Province
- Chekiang Province, Republic of China
- Drač County
- Franklin County, New Zealand
- French protectorate in Morocco
- Independent Albania
- Italian Islands of the Aegean
- Khasi and Jaintia Hills
- Kholm Governorate (Russian Empire)
- New Mexico
- Republic of China (1912–1949)
- Spanish protectorate in Morocco
- Taiwan
- Teriberskaya Volost
- Territory of Alaska
- Yunnan Province, Republic of China
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albania
Also known as Albania (Balkans), Albania demographics, Albanian Republic, Albanian state, Albanie, Albanija, Albenia, Arbania, Biodiversity in Albania, Ethnic minorities in Albania, Etymology of Albania, Fourth Republic of Albania, ISO 3166-1:AL, Republic of Albania, Republika e Shqipërisë, Shqipëri, Shqipëria, Shqipni, Shqipnia, Shquiperia, Αλβανία.
, AlbChrome, Albpetrol, ALBtelecom, ALBtelecom Mobile, Aleksandër Meksi, Aleksandër Stavre Drenova, Alexander the Great, Ali Pasha of Ioannina, Alps of Albania National Park, Amantia, Amphitheatre of Durrës, Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe, Antea Cement, Anti-communism, Antigonia (Chaonia), Antireligion, Apollonia (Illyria), Apricot, Arbëreshë people, Ardiaei, Arianiti family, ARMO oil refiner, Arms of Skanderbeg, Aromanian language, Aromanians, Art Nouveau, Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians, Asia, Assembly of Vlorë, Atheism, Aurignacian, Austria-Hungary, Authoritarianism, Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus, Autonomy, Çorape, Bachelor's degree, Balance of trade, Balkan lynx, Balkan mixed forests, Balkans, Banjë Hydro Power Plant, Bank, Basil, Batra mine, Bayezid II, Bebe Rexha, Beech, Bektashi Order, Belgrade, Bell pepper, Benito Mussolini, Berat, Berat County, Bibliography of Albania, Biodiversity, Biodiversity action plan, Biodiversity 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power, Great Recession, Greater Albania, Greater flamingo, Greece, Greek colonisation, Greek language, Greeks, Greeks in Albania, Green sea turtle, Greenhouse gas emissions, Gregorios Kamonas, Gross domestic product, Gusinje, Hazard, Head of government, Head of state, Health care, Hekurudha Shqiptare, Helen of Anjou, Himarë, Himni i Flamurit, Historic Centres of Berat and Gjirokastër, Historicism (art), History of Albania, History of architecture, History of the Jews in Albania, History of the Russo-Turkish wars, Honey, House of Kastrioti, Human Rights Watch, Humid continental climate, Humid subtropical climate, Hydroelectricity, Hydrology, Hydropower, Idealism, ILGA-Europe, Illyria, Illyrian deciduous forests, Illyrian kingdom, Illyrians, Illyro-Roman Wars, Impressionism, Improved sanitation, Independent Albania, Indo-European languages, Indo-European migrations, Infant mortality, Institute of Statistics (Albania), Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance, International Control Commission (Albania), International Gendarmerie, International Hydropower Association, International Monetary Fund, International recognition of Kosovo, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Internet, Interwar period, Inva Mula, Ionian Sea, Irreligion in Albania, Isa Boletini, Islam in Albania, Islamic art, Ismail Kadare, Ismail Qemali, Iso-Polyphony, Isolationism, Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943), Italianate architecture, Italy, Jacobin (magazine), Janina vilayet, Janissary, Jasper, Jehovah's Witnesses, Jizya, Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation, Karaburun Peninsula, Albania, Karaburun-Sazan Marine Park, Kararname (League of Prizren), Karavasta Lagoon, Kavajë, Köppen climate classification, Köprülü family, KF Skënderbeu Korçë, KF Tirana, KF Vllaznia Shkodër, Kingdom of Albania (medieval), Kingdom of Bulgaria, Kingdom of Italy, Kingdom of Montenegro, Kingdom of Naples, Kingdom of Serbia, Kingdom of Serbia (1217–1346), Kingdom of Sicily, Kodër-Thumanë, Kolë Idromeno, Koman Hydroelectric Power Station, Konispol, Konrad Adenauer Foundation, Korab, Korab (mountain), Korçë, Korçë County, Kosovo Albanians, Kosovo vilayet, Kostandin Shpataraku, Krapfen (doughnut), Krofne, Krujë, Kuçovë, Kukës, Kukës County, Kyoto Protocol, Laç, Labëria, Lake Ohrid, Lake Prespa, Lake Skadar, Lamb and mutton, Laskaris, Latin Church, Lavandula, Law enforcement in Albania, League of Lezhë, League of Prizren, Legume, Lemon, Lezhë, Lezhë County, Library of Congress, Librazhd, Life expectancy, List of ancient tribes in Illyria, List of cities and towns in Albania, List of companies of Albania, List of countries and dependencies by area, List of countries and dependencies by population, List of countries and dependencies by population density, List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita, List of countries by life expectancy, List of countries by proven oil reserves, List of countries by total fertility rate, List of countries by unemployment rate, List of first satellites by country, List of lakes of Albania, List of national mottos, List of rivers of Albania, List of sovereign states by research and development spending, Literacy, Llogara National Park, Local government, Loggerhead sea turtle, London Conference of 1912–1913, Lonely Planet, Luca Matranga, Lurë-Dejë Mountain National Park, Lushnjë, Macedonian language, Macedonians (ethnic group), Macedonians in Albania, Malignancy, Mamurras, Man and the Biosphere Programme, Manastir vilayet, Manufacturing, Marin Barleti, Mariner Books, Market economy, Martin Luther, Marxism–Leninism, Mass migration, Master's degree, Medieval Latin, Mediterranean Basin, Mediterranean climate, Mediterranean diet, Mediterranean Games, Mediterranean monk seal, Mediterranean Sea, Medium (website), Mehmed II, Mehmed III, Mental disorder, Meshari, Metres above the Adriatic, Michael Attaleiates, Middle Ages, Migration Period, Military of the Ottoman Empire, Military service, Mining, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (Albania), Ministry of Defence (Albania), Ministry of Health and Social Protection, Ministry of Tourism and Environment (Albania), Minority group, Mirdita, Mixed economy, Mobile network operator, Modern era, Modernism, Moment magnitude scale, Monarchy, Monetary policy, Montenegrins, Montenegro, Moscopole, Movie theater, Muhammad Ali of Egypt, Multi-party system, Municipalities of Albania, Murad II, Mural, Music of Albania, Muslim world, Mussel, Muzaka family, Myzeqe, Nagoya Protocol, Naim Frashëri, National anthem, National Center of Cinematography (Albania), National colours, National dish, National park, National poet, National symbols of Albania, NATO, Nature conservation, Nature reserve, Naum Veqilharxhi, Naval Postgraduate School, Nazi Germany, Neço Muko, Neoclassicism, Neolithic, Net migration rate, Non-denominational, North Macedonia, Northern Albania, Northern Mountain Region (Albania), Notre Dame Global Adaptation Index, Oak, Obesity, Oceanic climate, Official language, Official Publishing Center (Albania), Old World wine, Olive, Onufri, Open market, OpenDemocracy, Operation Active Endeavour, Operation Alba, Opinga, Orbit, Oregano, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, Ottoman Albania, Ottoman architecture, Ottoman conquest of Otranto, Ottoman Empire, Ottoman wars in Europe, Our Lady of Good Counsel, Outline of Albania, Overweight, Oxford University Press, Palace of Congresses, Palearctic realm, Palgrave Macmillan, Pan-European Corridor VIII, Pan-European Corridor X, Parashqevi Simaku, Paris Agreement, Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Parliament of Albania, Parliamentary republic, Partition (politics), Pashalik of Scutari, Pashalik of Yanina, Patos (municipality), Patos-Marinza Oil Field, Paulist Fathers, Peach, Peasant Revolt (Albania), Penguin Group, People's Socialist Republic of Albania, Periplus of the Euxine Sea, Peshkopi, Petroleum reservoir, Phoenice, Phonograph record, Phytogeography, Pindus, Pindus Mountains mixed forests, Pine, Pjetër Bogdani, Pjetër Budi, Planned economy, Plav Municipality, Plav, Montenegro, Pleuratus II, Plum, Pogradec, Politics of Albania, Port, Port of Durrës, Port of Sarandë, Port of Shëngjin, Port of Vlorë, Potential enlargement of the European Union, Pottery, Powdered sugar, Precipitation, Prenk Bib Doda, President of Albania, Primary health care, Prime Minister of Albania, Princeton University Press, Principality of Albania, Principality of Albania (medieval), Principality of Arbanon, Principality of Kastrioti, Principality of Muzaka, Pristina, Privatization, Progon, Lord of Kruja, Prose, Protected area, Protected areas of Albania, Protestantism, Provisional Government of Albania, Prunus cerasus, Ptolemy, Public broadcasting, Pygmy cormorant, Pyramid of Tirana, Pyramid schemes in Albania, Qeleshe, Ramsar Convention, Ramsar site, Rayah, Red fox, Regional cuisine, Religion in Albania, Religious festival, Remorse, Renewable energy, Reporters Without Borders, Republic, Republic of Ragusa, Research and development, Respiratory disease, Revolutions of 1989, Rise of nationalism in the Ottoman Empire, Rita Ora, Roman Empire, Roman Republic, Romani language, Romani people, Romania, Romania national football team, Romanticism, Rosemary, Rowman & Littlefield, Royal Tombs of Selca e Poshtme, Rozafa Castle, Rrajcë, RTSH, Rugby union, Sacral architecture, Saimir Pirgu, Sali Berisha, Salvia, Samir Mane, Sanjak, Sanjak of Prizren, Sanjak-bey, Sarandë, Sazan, Scandinavia, School life expectancy, Scutari vilayet, Secular state, Selenicë, Separation of powers, Serbia, Serbian Empire, Serbian language, Serbs, Serbs and Montenegrins in Albania, Seventh-day Adventist Church, Shebenik, Shebenik National Park, Shkodër County, Shkumbin, Sicily, Sideritis, Siege of Pelium, Siege of Shkodra, Sino-Soviet split, Skanderbeg, Skanderbeg Square, Skavica Hydro Power Plant, Small Prespa Lake, Socialist Party of Albania, Solar energy, Soured milk, South Slavs, Southeast Europe, Southern Europe, Southern Gas Corridor, Southern Mountain Region (Albania), Sovereign state, Sovereignty, Sparidae, Spearmint, Spinach, Stalinist architecture, Starčevo culture, State atheism, State of emergency, State Police (Albania), State religion, State school, Stato da Màr, Stefan Dušan, Strawberry, Subarctic climate, Sublime Porte, Sufi lodge, Sugar beet, Sultan, Sunni Islam, Supreme Court of Albania, Switzerland, Taçi Oil, Taranto, Taulantii, Tavë kosi, Tefta Tashko-Koço, Telecommunications industry, Telephone company, Telephone numbers in Albania, Televizioni Klan, Territorial integrity, Tertiary education, Tertiary sector of the economy, Textile industry, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, The Daily Telegraph, The Economist, The Great Warrior Skanderbeg, The Guardian, The New York Times, The World Factbook, Thekna mine, Theodosius I, Thopia family, Thyme, Tirana, Tirana County, Tirana International Airport Nënë Tereza, Tomorr, Top Channel, Topography, Tosk Albanian, Tosks, Total fertility rate, Tourism in Albania, Traditional Albanian clothing, Trans Adriatic Pipeline, Treaty of Berlin (1878), Treaty of London (1913), Treaty of San Stefano, Trout, Tumulus, Turhan Përmeti, UEFA, UEFA Euro 2016, Unemployment, UNESCO, UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists, UNICEF, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Nations, United Nations Development Programme, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia, United States Department of State, Universal health care, University of Gothenburg, Vaçe Zela, Valbona Valley, Vau i Dejës Hydroelectric Power Station, Vegetable oil, Venetian Albania, Vermosh, Vilayet, Viticulture, Vizion Plus, Vjosa, Vlorë, Vlorë County, Vodafone Albania, Warsaw Pact, Waste management, Water pollution, Water resources, Waterproofing, Western Europe, Western European Union, Western Roman Empire, Westernization, White Drin, Wildcat, William, Prince of Wied, Wind power, Wolf, World Economic Forum, World Health Organization, World Heritage Site, World Network of Biosphere Reserves, World Press Freedom Index, World War I, World War II, World Weightlifting Championships, Xhamadan, Yale University, Yogurt, Zagan Pasha, Zaharia family, Zog I, Zografi Brothers, .al, 1946 Balkan Cup, 1954 Cannes Film Festival, 1972 Summer Olympics, 1972 World Weightlifting Championships, 1987 Mediterranean Games, 1991 Albanian parliamentary election, 1992 Albanian parliamentary election, 1992 Winter Olympics, 1997 Albanian civil unrest, 19th meridian east, 2002 World Weightlifting Championships, 2006 Winter Olympics, 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence, 2011 World Weightlifting Championships, 2013 Albanian parliamentary election, 2013 Mediterranean Games, 21st meridian east, 39th parallel north, 42nd parallel north.