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Allah, the Glossary

Allah (ﷲ|translit.^[1]

167 relations: Abdullah (name), Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib, Abraham, Abrahamic religions, Adi ibn Zayd, Affix, Al-Andalus, Al-Ikhlas, Al-Ism al-A'zam, Al-Marzubani, Al-Tabari, Al-Zamakhshari, Aleph, Alhamdulillah, Allah as a lunar deity, Ancient South Arabian script, Andalusi Arabic, Anthropomorphism, Arab Christians, Arab Muslims, Arabian Peninsula, Arabic, Arabic definite article, Arabic phonology, Arabic Presentation Forms-A, Arabic script, Arabic script in Unicode, Arabs, Aramaic, Assyrian people, Āyah, Baháʼí Faith, Basmala, Bábism, Bible, Biblical Aramaic, Brill Publishers, Catholic Church, Christianity in Indonesia, Christianity in Malta, Cognate, Comparative religion, Contraction (grammar), Creator deity, Dagger alif, Daily Express (Malaysia), Deity, Dhikr, El (deity), Elohim, ... Expand index (117 more) »
Arabian deities
Arabian gods
Middle Eastern gods
Names of God

Abdullah (name)

Abd Allah (translit), also spelled Abdallah, Abdellah, Abdollah, Abdullah, Abdulla, Abdalla and many others, is an Arabic name meaning "Servant of God".

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Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib

Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib (ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib) was the father of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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Abraham

Abraham (originally Abram) is the common Hebrew patriarch of the Abrahamic religions, including Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

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The Abrahamic religions are a grouping of three of the major religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam) together due to their historical coexistence and competition; it refers to Abraham, a figure mentioned in the Hebrew Bible, the Christian Bible, and the Quran, and is used to show similarities between these religions and put them in contrast to Indian religions, Iranian religions, and the East Asian religions (though other religions and belief systems may refer to Abraham as well).

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Adi ibn Zayd

Adi ibn Zayd al-Ibadi al-Tamimi (ʿAdī ibn Zayd al-ʿIbādī al-Tamīmī) (ca. 550-600) was a 6th-century Arab Christian poet from an Ibadi family of al-Hirah.

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Affix

In linguistics, an affix is a morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word or word form.

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Al-Andalus

Al-Andalus was the Muslim-ruled area of the Iberian Peninsula.

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Al-Ikhlas

Al-Ikhlāṣ (الْإِخْلَاص, "Sincerity"), also known as the Declaration of God's Unity and al-Tawhid (التوحيد., "Monotheism"), is the 112th chapter (sūrah) of the Quran.

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Al-Ism al-A'zam

(الاسمالأعظم), literally "the Greatest Name", also known as (label), refers in Islam to the greatest name of Allah, known only to the prophets. Allah and al-Ism al-A'zam are Islamic terminology.

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Al-Marzubani

Abū 'Abd Allāh Muḥammad ibn 'Imrān ibn Mūsā ibn Sa'īd ibn 'Abd Allāh al-Marzubānī al-Khurāsānī (c. 909 – 10 November 994), was a prolific author of adab, akhbar (news), history and ḥadīth (traditions).

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Al-Tabari

Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn Jarīr ibn Yazīd al-Ṭabarī (أَبُو جَعْفَر مُحَمَّد بْن جَرِير بْن يَزِيد ٱلطَّبَرِيّ; 839–923 CE / 224–310 AH), commonly known as al-Ṭabarī (ٱلطَّبَرِيّ), was a Sunni Muslim scholar, polymath, traditionalist, historian, exegete, jurist, and theologian from Amol, Tabaristan, present-day Iran.

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Al-Zamakhshari

Abu al-Qasim Mahmud ibn Umar al-Zamakhshari (1074 –1143) was a medieval Muslim scholar of Iranian descent.

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Aleph

Aleph (or alef or alif, transliterated ʾ) is the first letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician ʾālep 𐤀, Hebrew ʾālef א, Aramaic ʾālap 𐡀, Syriac ʾālap̄ ܐ, Arabic ʾalif ا, and North Arabian 𐪑.

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Alhamdulillah

Alhamdulillah (ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّٰهِ) is an Arabic phrase meaning "praise be to God", sometimes translated as "thank God" or "thanks be to the Lord". Allah and Alhamdulillah are Islamic terminology.

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Allah as a lunar deity

The postulation that Allah (God in Islam) originated as a moon god first arose in 1901 in the scholarship of archaeologist Hugo Winckler.

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Ancient South Arabian script

The Ancient South Arabian script (Old South Arabian: 𐩣𐩯𐩬𐩵; modern الْمُسْنَد) branched from the Proto-Sinaitic script in about the late 2nd millennium BCE.

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Andalusi Arabic

Andalusi Arabic or Andalusian Arabic was a variety or varieties of Arabic spoken mainly from the 9th to the 15th century in Al-Andalus, the regions of the Iberian Peninsula, respectively modern Spain until the late-15th century, and modern Portugal until the mid-13th century under Muslim rule.

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Anthropomorphism

Anthropomorphism is the attribution of human traits, emotions, or intentions to non-human entities.

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Arab Christians

Arab Christians (translit) are ethnic Arabs, Arab nationals, or Arabic speakers, who follow Christianity.

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Arab Muslims

Arab Muslims (ﺍﻟْمُسْلِمون ﺍﻟْﻌَﺮَﺏ) are the largest subdivision of the Arab people and the largest ethnic group among Muslims globally, followed by Bengalis and Punjabis.

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Arabian Peninsula

The Arabian Peninsula (شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَة الْعَرَبِيَّة,, "Arabian Peninsula" or جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَب,, "Island of the Arabs"), or Arabia, is a peninsula in West Asia, situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian Plate.

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Arabic

Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.

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Arabic definite article

(ٱلْـ, also romanized as el-, il-, and l- as pronounced in some varieties of Arabic), is the definite article in the Arabic language: a particle (ḥarf) whose function is to render the noun on which it is prefixed definite.

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Arabic phonology

While many languages have numerous dialects that differ in phonology, contemporary spoken Arabic is more properly described as a continuum of varieties.

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Arabic Presentation Forms-A

Arabic Presentation Forms-A is a Unicode block encoding contextual forms and ligatures of letter variants needed for Persian, Urdu, Sindhi and Central Asian languages.

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Arabic script

The Arabic script is the writing system used for Arabic and several other languages of Asia and Africa.

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Arabic script in Unicode

Many scripts in Unicode, such as Arabic, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms.

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Arabs

The Arabs (عَرَب, DIN 31635:, Arabic pronunciation), also known as the Arab people (الشَّعْبَ الْعَرَبِيّ), are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa.

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Aramaic

Aramaic (ˀərāmiṯ; arāmāˀiṯ) is a Northwest Semitic language that originated in the ancient region of Syria and quickly spread to Mesopotamia, the southern Levant, southeastern Anatolia, Eastern Arabia and the Sinai Peninsula, where it has been continually written and spoken in different varieties for over three thousand years.

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Assyrian people

Assyrians are an indigenous ethnic group native to Mesopotamia, a geographical region in West Asia.

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Āyah

An āyah (آية,; آيات) is a "verse" in the Quran, one of the statements of varying length that make up the chapters (surah) of the Quran and are marked by a number. Allah and Āyah are Islamic terminology.

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Baháʼí Faith

The Baháʼí Faith is a religion founded in the 19th century that teaches the essential worth of all religions and the unity of all people.

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Basmala

The Basmala (بَسْمَلَة,; also known by its opening words; بِسْمِ ٱللَّٰهِ, "In the name of God"), or Tasmiyyah (Arabic: تَسْمِيَّة), is the titular name of the Islamic phrase "In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful" (Arabic: بِسْمِ ٱللَّٰهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ). Allah and Basmala are Islamic terminology.

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Bábism

Bábism (translit), also known as the Bábi Faith, is a monotheistic religion founded in 1844 by the Báb ('Ali Muhammad).

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Bible

The Bible (from Koine Greek τὰ βιβλία,, 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures, some, all, or a variant of which are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, Islam, the Baha'i Faith, and other Abrahamic religions.

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Biblical Aramaic

Biblical Aramaic is the form of Aramaic that is used in the books of Daniel and Ezra in the Hebrew Bible.

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Brill Publishers

Brill Academic Publishers, also known as E. J. Brill, Koninklijke Brill, Brill, is a Dutch international academic publisher of books and journals.

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Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.

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Christianity in Indonesia

Christianity is Indonesia's second-largest religion, after Islam.

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Christianity in Malta

In the small Mediterranean island nation of Malta, the predominant religion is Roman Catholicism.

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Cognate

In historical linguistics, cognates or lexical cognates are sets of words that have been inherited in direct descent from an etymological ancestor in a common parent language.

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Comparative religion

Comparative religion is the branch of the study of religions with the systematic comparison of the doctrines and practices, themes and impacts (including migration) of the world's religions.

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Contraction (grammar)

A contraction is a shortened version of the spoken and written forms of a word, syllable, or word group, created by omission of internal letters and sounds.

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Creator deity

A creator deity or creator god is a deity responsible for the creation of the Earth, world, and universe in human religion and mythology.

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Dagger alif

ــٰ The dagger alif (ألف خنجرية) or superscript alif is written as a short vertical stroke on top of an Arabic letter.

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Daily Express (Malaysia)

The Daily Express is an English-language newspaper in Sabah, Malaysia and the sister newspaper of the Overseas Chinese Daily News (OCDN).

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Deity

A deity or god is a supernatural being considered to be sacred and worthy of worship due to having authority over the universe, nature or human life.

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Dhikr

(ذِكْر) is a form of Islamic worship in which phrases or prayers are repeatedly recited for the purpose of remembering God. Allah and Dhikr are Islamic terminology.

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El (deity)

(also Il, 𐎛𐎍 ʾīlu; 𐤀𐤋 ʾīl; אֵל ʾēl; ܐܺܝܠ ʾīyl; إل or إله; cognate to ilu) is a Northwest Semitic word meaning 'god' or 'deity', or referring (as a proper name) to any one of multiple major ancient Near Eastern deities.

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Elohim

Elohim, the plural of rtl, is a Hebrew word meaning "gods" or "godhood". Allah and Elohim are Middle Eastern gods.

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Emblem of Iran

The National Emblem of Iran since the Iranian Revolution features four curves and a sword, surmounted by a shadda.

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Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān

The Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān (abbreviated EQ) is an encyclopedia dedicated to Quranic Studies edited by Islamic scholar Jane Dammen McAuliffe, and published by Brill Publishers.

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Encyclopædia Britannica

The British Encyclopaedia is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.

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Etymology

Etymology (The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) – p. 633 "Etymology /ˌɛtɪˈmɒlədʒi/ the scientific study of words and the way their meanings have changed throughout time".) is the scientific study of the origin and evolution of a word's semantic meaning across time, including its constituent morphemes and phonemes.

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Fakhr al-Din al-Razi

Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī (فخر الدين الرازي) or Fakhruddin Razi (فخر الدين رازی) (1149 or 1150 – 1209), often known by the sobriquet Sultan of the Theologians, was an influential Iranian and Muslim polymath, scientist and one of the pioneers of inductive logic.

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Flag of Afghanistan

The national flag of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (د افغانستان بیرغ; پرچمافغانستان), adopted on 15 August 2021 following the Taliban's victory in the 2001–2021 war, features a white field with a black Shahada inscribed.

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Flag of Iran

The national flag of the Islamic Republic of Iran (پرچمایران), also known as the tricolour (پرچمسه‌رنگ ایران), is a tricolour featuring the Pan-Iranian colors comprising equal horizontal bands of green, white and red with the national emblem ("Allah") in red centred on the white band and the takbir written 11 times each in the Kufic script in white, at the bottom of the green and the top of the red band.

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Flag of Iraq

The flag of Iraq (علمالعراق; ئاڵای عێراق; ܐܵܬ݂ܵܐ ܕܥܝܼܪܲܩ) is the national flag of Iraq, includes the three equal horizontal red, white, and black stripes of the Arab Liberation flag, with the takbir written in green in the Kufic script in the centre. This basic tricolour has been in use since its adoption on 31 July 1963, with several changes to the green symbols in the central white stripes; the most recent version adopted on 22 January 2008 bears the takbīr rendered in dark green and removes the three green stars present since 1963.

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Flag of Saudi Arabia

The national flag of Saudi Arabia, also known as the al-Alam, is a green background with Arabic inscription and a sword in white.

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Flag of Uzbekistan

The national flag of Uzbekistan (italic, Ўзбекистон Республикасининг давлат байроғи) consists of a horizontal triband of azure, white and green, separated by two thin red fimbriations, with a white crescent moon and twelve white stars at the canton.

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Francis Edward Peters

Francis Edward Peters, SJ (June 23, 1927 – April 30, 2020), was an American academic.

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Francis Xavier

Francis Xavier, SJ (born Francisco de Jasso y Azpilicueta; Latin: Franciscus Xaverius; Basque: Frantzisko Xabierkoa; French: François Xavier; Spanish: Francisco Javier; Portuguese: Francisco Xavier; 7 April 15063 December 1552), venerated as Saint Francis Xavier, was born in Navarre, Spain Catholic missionary and saint who co-founded the Society of Jesus and, as a representative of the Portuguese Empire, led the first Christian mission to Japan.

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Gagauz people

The Gagauz (Gagauzlar) are a Turkic ethnic group native to southern Moldova (Gagauzia, Taraclia District, Basarabeasca District) and southwestern Ukraine (Budjak). Gagauz are mostly Eastern Orthodox Christians. The term Gagauz is also often used as a collective naming of Turkic people living in the Balkans, speaking the Gagauz language, a language separated from Balkan Gagauz Turkish.

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George Sale

George Sale (1697–1736) was a British Orientalist scholar and practising solicitor, best known for his 1734 translation of the Quran into English.

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Gerhard Böwering

Professor Gerhard Böwering is a German academic, currently Professor of Islamic Studies within the Department of Religious Studies, Yale University.

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Ghassanids

The Ghassanids, also called the Jafnids, were an Arab tribe which founded a kingdom which was in place from the third century to the seventh century in the area of the Levant and northern Arabia. They emigrated from South Arabia in the early third century to the Levant. Some merged with Hellenized Christian communities, converting to Christianity in the first few centuries, while others may have already been Christians before emigrating north to escape religious persecution.

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God

In monotheistic belief systems, God is usually viewed as the supreme being, creator, and principal object of faith.

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God in Abrahamic religions

Monotheism—the belief that there is only one deity—is the focus of the Abrahamic religions, which like-mindedly conceive God as the all-powerful and all-knowing deity from whom Abraham received a divine revelation, according to their respective narratives.

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God in Islam

In Islam, God (Allāh, contraction of ٱلْإِلَٰه, lit.) is seen as the creator and sustainer of the universe, who lives eternally and will eventually resurrect all humans.

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Gospel of Mark

The Gospel of Mark is the second of the four canonical gospels and one of the three synoptic Gospels.

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Gospel of Matthew

The Gospel of Matthew is the first book of the New Testament of the Bible and one of the three synoptic Gospels.

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Government of Malaysia

The Government of Malaysia, officially the Federal Government of Malaysia (Kerajaan Persekutuan Malaysia; Jawi), is based in the Federal Territory of Putrajaya, with the exception of the legislative branch, which is located in Kuala Lumpur.

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Greek language

Greek (Elliniká,; Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean.

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H. A. R. Gibb

Sir Hamilton Alexander Rosskeen Gibb (2 January 1895 – 22 October 1971), known as H. A. R.

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Hamza

The hamza (هَمْزَة) is an Arabic script character that, in the Arabic alphabet, denotes a glottal stop and, in non-Arabic languages, indicates a diphthong, vowel, or other features, depending on the language.

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Hasan al-Basri

Abu Sa'id ibn Abi al-Hasan Yasar al-Basri, often referred to as Hasan of Basra (Arabic: الحسن البصري, romanized: Al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī; 642 - 15 October 728) for short, or as Hasan al-Basri, was an ancient Muslim preacher, ascetic, theologian, exegete, scholar, and judge.

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Hebrew language

Hebrew (ʿÎbrit) is a Northwest Semitic language within the Afroasiatic language family.

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Herald Malaysia

Herald Malaysia is a multilingual Malaysian Catholic weekly newspaper.

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High court (Malaysia)

The high courts in Malaysia are the third-highest courts in the hierarchy of courts, after the Federal Court and the Court of Appeal.

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Himyarite Kingdom

The Himyarite Kingdom was a polity in the southern highlands of Yemen, as well as the name of the region which it claimed.

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Hubal

In Arabian mythology, Hubal (هُبَل) was a god worshipped in pre-Islamic Arabia, notably by the Quraysh at the Kaaba in Mecca. Allah and Hubal are Arabian gods.

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Ibn Kathir

Abu al-Fida Isma'il ibn Umar ibn Kathir al-Dimashqi (translit), known simply as Ibn Kathir, was an Arab Islamic exegete, historian and scholar.

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Ibn Qutaybah

Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muslim ibn Qutayba al-Dīnawarī al-Marwazī better known simply as Ibn Qutaybah (Ibn Qutaybah; c. 828 – 13 November 889 CE / 213 – 15 Rajab 276 AH) was an Islamic scholar of Persian descent.

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Ilah

(إله; plural: آلهة) is an Arabic term meaning "god". Allah and Ilah are Arabian deities and Islamic terminology.

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Indonesian language

Indonesian is the official and national language of Indonesia.

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Inshallah

Inshallah (ʾIn shāʾ Allāh), also spelled In shaa Allah, In sha Allah, Insya Allah, and İn şa Allah, is an Arabic-language expression meaning "if God wills" or "God willing". Allah and Inshallah are Islamic terminology.

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Irfan Shahîd

Irfan Arif Shahîd (ʿIrfān ʿārif Shahīd; Nazareth, Mandatory Palestine, January 15, 1926 – Washington, D.C., November 9, 2016), born as Erfan Arif Kawar (ʿIrfān ʿārif Qaʿwār), was a scholar in the field of Oriental studies.

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Ishmael

Ishmael was the first son of Abraham, according to the Abrahamic religions.

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Israel

Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Southern Levant, West Asia.

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Jane Dammen McAuliffe

Jane Dammen McAuliffe (born 1944) is an American educator, scholar of Islam and the inaugural director of national and international outreach at the Library of Congress.

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Jews

The Jews (יְהוּדִים) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites of the ancient Near East, and whose traditional religion is Judaism.

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Jinn

Jinn (جِنّ), also romanized as djinn or anglicized as genies, are invisible creatures in early pre-Islamic Arabia and later in Islamic culture and beliefs. Allah and Jinn are Islamic terminology.

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Jordan

Jordan, officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, is a country in the Southern Levant region of West Asia.

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Judeo-Arabic dialects

Judeo-Arabic dialects (ערביה יהודיה) are ethnolects formerly spoken by Jews throughout the Arab world.

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Julius Wellhausen

Julius Wellhausen (17 May 1844 – 7 January 1918) was a German biblical scholar and orientalist.

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Kaaba

The Kaaba, sometimes referred to as al-Ka'ba al-Musharrafa, is a stone building at the center of Islam's most important mosque and holiest site, the Masjid al-Haram in Mecca, Saudi Arabia.

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King James Version

on the title-page of the first edition and in the entries in works like the "Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church", etc.--> The King James Version (KJV), also the King James Bible (KJB) and the Authorized Version (AV), is an Early Modern English translation of the Christian Bible for the Church of England, which was commissioned in 1604 and published in 1611, by sponsorship of King James VI and I.

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Kingdom of Aksum

The Kingdom of Aksum (ʾÄksum; 𐩱𐩫𐩪𐩣,; Axōmítēs) also known as the Kingdom of Axum, or the Aksumite Empire, was a kingdom in East Africa and South Arabia from classical antiquity to the Middle Ages.

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Kitab al-Aghani

Kitāb al-Aghānī (The Book of Songs), is an encyclopedic collection of poems and songs that runs to over 20 volumes in modern editions, attributed to the 10th-century Arabic writer Abū al-Farāj al-Isfahānī (also known as al-Isbahānī).

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Latin

Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.

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Ligature (writing)

In writing and typography, a ligature occurs where two or more graphemes or letters are joined to form a single glyph.

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Malay language

Malay (Bahasa Melayu, Jawi: بهاس ملايو) is an Austronesian language that is an official language of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore, and that is also spoken in East Timor and parts of Thailand.

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Malaysian Malay

Malaysian Malay (Bahasa Melayu Malaysia.), also known as Standard Malay (Bahasa Melayu piawai), Bahasa Malaysia, or simply Malay, is a standardized form of the Malay language used in Malaysia and also used in Brunei and Singapore (as opposed to the variety used in Indonesia, which is referred to as the "Indonesian" language).

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Malta

Malta, officially the Republic of Malta, is an island country in Southern Europe located in the Mediterranean Sea.

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Maltese language

Maltese (Malti, also L-Ilsien Malti or Lingwa Maltija) is a Semitic language derived from late medieval Sicilian Arabic with Romance superstrata.

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Mandaeans

Mandaeans (المندائيون), also known as Mandaean Sabians (الصابئة المندائيون) or simply as Sabians (الصابئة), are an ethnoreligious group who are followers of Mandaeism.

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Marshall Hodgson

Marshall Goodwin Simms Hodgson (April 11, 1922 – June 10, 1968), was an Islamic studies academic and a world historian at the University of Chicago.

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Mecca

Mecca (officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah) is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia and the holiest city according to Islam.

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Miscellaneous Symbols

Miscellaneous Symbols is a Unicode block (U+2600–U+26FF) containing glyphs representing concepts from a variety of categories: astrological, astronomical, chess, dice, musical notation, political symbols, recycling, religious symbols, trigrams, warning signs, and weather, among others.

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Monotheism

Monotheism is the belief that one god is the only deity.

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Muhammad

Muhammad (570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam.

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Muslims

Muslims (God) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition.

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Names of God

There are various names of God, many of which enumerate the various qualities of a Supreme Being.

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Names of God in Islam

Names of God in Islam (أَسْمَاءُ ٱللَّٰهِ ٱلْحُسْنَىٰ, "Allah's Beautiful Names") are names attributed to God in Islam by Muslims. Allah and names of God in Islam are names of God.

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Names of God in Judaism

Judaism considers some names of God so holy that, once written, they should not be erased: יהוה, rtl (Adonai), rtl (El), rtl, rtl (Shaddai), and rtl; some also include I Am that I Am. Allah and names of God in Judaism are names of God.

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Old Arabic

Old Arabic is the name for any Arabic language or dialect continuum before Islam.

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Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

The Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary (OALD) was the first advanced learner's dictionary of English.

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Pantheon (religion)

A pantheon is the particular set of all gods of any individual polytheistic religion, mythology, or tradition.

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Peninsular Malaysia

Peninsular Malaysia, historically known as Malaya, also known as West Malaysia or the "Malaysian Peninsula", is the western part of Malaysia that comprises the southern part of the Malay Peninsula on Mainland Southeast Asia and the nearby islands.

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Polytheism

Polytheism is the belief in or worship of more than one god.

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Portuguese language

Portuguese (português or, in full, língua portuguesa) is a Western Romance language of the Indo-European language family originating from the Iberian Peninsula of Europe.

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Pre-Islamic Arabia

Pre-Islamic Arabia, referring to the Arabian Peninsula before Muhammad's first revelation in 610 CE, is referred to in Islam in the context of, highlighting the prevalence of paganism throughout the region at the time.

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Princeton University Press

Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.

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Qaryat al-Faw

Qaryat Al Faw (قرية الفاو) was the capital of the first Kindah kingdom.

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Quran

The Quran, also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation directly from God (Allah). Allah and Quran are Islamic terminology.

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Quraysh

The Quraysh (قُرَيْشٌ) was an Arab tribe that inhabited and controlled Mecca and its Kaaba.

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Rahman (name)

Rahman (رحمن) is an Arabic origin surname meaning "gracious", "King", "merciful" or "Lord" based on the triconsonantal root R-Ḥ-M. With nisba (Arabic onomastic), the name becomes Rahmani, means "descendant of the gracious one" and is also used as a surname.

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Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary

Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary is a large American dictionary, first published in 1966 as The Random House Dictionary of the English Language: The Unabridged Edition.

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Regional indicator symbol

The regional indicator symbols are a set of 26 alphabetic Unicode characters (A–Z) intended to be used to encode ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 two-letter country codes in a way that allows optional special treatment.

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Routledge

Routledge is a British multinational publisher.

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Saadia Gaon

Saʿadia ben Yosef Gaon (882/892 – 942) was a prominent rabbi, gaon, Jewish philosopher, and exegete who was active in the Abbasid Caliphate.

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Sabah

Sabah, or given nickname Sabah Bumi Di Bawah Bayu (means Sabah Land Below The Wind) is a state of Malaysia located on the northern portion of Borneo, in the region of East Malaysia.

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Sarawak

Sarawak is a state of Malaysia.

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Semitic languages

The Semitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family.

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Sephardic Jews

Sephardic Jews (Djudíos Sefardíes), also known as Sephardi Jews or Sephardim, and rarely as Iberian Peninsular Jews, are a Jewish diaspora population associated with the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal).

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Shaddah

Shaddah (شَدّة, " emphasis", also called by the verbal noun from the same root, tashdid "emphasis") is one of the diacritics used with the Arabic alphabet, indicating a geminated consonant.

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Shahada

The Shahada (الشَّهَادَةُ;, 'the testimony'), also transliterated as Shahadah, is an Islamic oath and creed, and one of the Five Pillars of Islam and part of the Adhan. Allah and Shahada are Islamic terminology.

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Siegfried August Mahlmann

Siegfried August Mahlmann (May 13, 1771 – December 16, 1826) was a German poet and editor.

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Sikhs

Sikhs (singular Sikh: or; sikkh) are an ethnoreligious group who adhere to Sikhism, a religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Guru Nanak.

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SIL International

SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics) is an evangelical Christian nonprofit organization whose main purpose is to study, develop and document languages, especially those that are lesser-known, in order to expand linguistic knowledge, promote literacy, translate the Christian Bible into local languages, and aid minority language development.

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Sufism

Sufism is a mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic purification, spirituality, ritualism and asceticism.

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Synalepha

A synalepha or synaloepha is the merging of two syllables into one, especially when it causes two words to be pronounced as one.

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Syria

Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant.

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Syriac language

The Syriac language (Leššānā Suryāyā), also known natively in its spoken form in early Syriac literature as Edessan (Urhāyā), the Mesopotamian language (Nahrāyā) and Aramaic (Aramāyā), is an Eastern Middle Aramaic dialect. Classical Syriac is the academic term used to refer to the dialect's literary usage and standardization, distinguishing it from other Aramaic dialects also known as 'Syriac' or 'Syrian'.

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Tafsir

Tafsir (tafsīr; Explanation) refers to exegesis, usually of the Quran. Allah and Tafsir are Islamic terminology.

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Takbir

The takbīr (تَكْبِير) is the name for the Arabic phrase (اَللَّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ).Wensinck, A.J., "Takbīr", in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Allah and Takbir are Islamic terminology.

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Tanukhids

The Tanûkhids (transl), Tanukh (translit), or Banū Tanūkh (بنو تنوخ, romanized as) were a confederation of Arab tribes, sometimes characterized as Saracens.

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Tasbih

Tasbih (تَسْبِيح) is a form of dhikr that involves the glorification of God in Islam by saying: "Subhan Allah" (سُبْحَانَ ٱللَّٰهِ; lit. "Glory be to Allah").

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Tawhid

Tawhid (تَوْحِيد|translit. Allah and Tawhid are Islamic terminology.

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Tetragrammaton

The Tetragrammaton, or the Tetragram, is the four-letter Hebrew theonym (transliterated as YHWH or YHVH), the name of God in the Hebrew Bible.

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The Borneo Post

The Borneo Post, established in 1978, is the largest and widely circulated English-language daily newspaper in East Malaysia and also the alternately circulated newspaper in Brunei (as a strong competitor to the main existing newspapers of Pelita Brunei, Borneo Bulletin and also Media Permata, to a lesser extent, the now-defunct Brunei Times).

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The Christian Science Monitor

The Christian Science Monitor (CSM), commonly known as The Monitor, is a nonprofit news organization that publishes daily articles both in electronic format and a weekly print edition.

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The Star (Malaysia)

Star Media Group Berhad (doing business as The Star) is an English-language newspaper in Malaysia.

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Theodore Abu Qurrah

Theodore Abū Qurrah (Theodoros Aboukaras; Tawadrūs Abū Qurrah; c. 750, – c. 825) was a 9th-century Melkite bishop and theologian who lived in the early Islamic period.

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Thomas Carlyle

Thomas Carlyle (4 December 17955 February 1881) was a Scottish essayist, historian, and philosopher from the Scottish Lowlands.

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Tor Andræ

Tor Julius Efraim Andræ (9 July 1885 – 24 February 1947) was a Swedish clergyman, professor and scholar of comparative religion who served as Bishop of the Diocese of Linköping.

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Trinity

The Christian doctrine of the Trinity (from 'threefold') is the central doctrine concerning the nature of God in most Christian churches, which defines one God existing in three,, consubstantial divine persons: God the Father, God the Son (Jesus Christ) and God the Holy Spirit, three distinct persons (hypostases) sharing one essence/substance/nature (homoousion).

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allah

Also known as Alaha, Allaah, Allah (word), Allahu, Allakh, Allāh, Audhu billah, God (Arabic), God in Arabic, Llah, Llāh, Ollah, ʾAllāh, , ا ﷲ, الله, اﷲ.

, Emblem of Iran, Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān, Encyclopædia Britannica, Etymology, Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, Flag of Afghanistan, Flag of Iran, Flag of Iraq, Flag of Saudi Arabia, Flag of Uzbekistan, Francis Edward Peters, Francis Xavier, Gagauz people, George Sale, Gerhard Böwering, Ghassanids, God, God in Abrahamic religions, God in Islam, Gospel of Mark, Gospel of Matthew, Government of Malaysia, Greek language, H. A. R. Gibb, Hamza, Hasan al-Basri, Hebrew language, Herald Malaysia, High court (Malaysia), Himyarite Kingdom, Hubal, Ibn Kathir, Ibn Qutaybah, Ilah, Indonesian language, Inshallah, Irfan Shahîd, Ishmael, Israel, Jane Dammen McAuliffe, Jews, Jinn, Jordan, Judeo-Arabic dialects, Julius Wellhausen, Kaaba, King James Version, Kingdom of Aksum, Kitab al-Aghani, Latin, Ligature (writing), Malay language, Malaysian Malay, Malta, Maltese language, Mandaeans, Marshall Hodgson, Mecca, Miscellaneous Symbols, Monotheism, Muhammad, Muslims, Names of God, Names of God in Islam, Names of God in Judaism, Old Arabic, Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, Pantheon (religion), Peninsular Malaysia, Polytheism, Portuguese language, Pre-Islamic Arabia, Princeton University Press, Qaryat al-Faw, Quran, Quraysh, Rahman (name), Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, Regional indicator symbol, Routledge, Saadia Gaon, Sabah, Sarawak, Semitic languages, Sephardic Jews, Shaddah, Shahada, Siegfried August Mahlmann, Sikhs, SIL International, Sufism, Synalepha, Syria, Syriac language, Tafsir, Takbir, Tanukhids, Tasbih, Tawhid, Tetragrammaton, The Borneo Post, The Christian Science Monitor, The Star (Malaysia), Theodore Abu Qurrah, Thomas Carlyle, Tor Andræ, Trinity, Umar Faruq Abd-Allah, Umm el-Jimal, Unicode, University of Chicago Press, Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar lateral approximants, Yahweh, Zabad inscription, 18-point agreement, 1st century, 20-point agreement.

Allah, the Glossary

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