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Barcelona, the Glossary

Table of Contents

  1. 598 relations: A & C Black, Abadal, Ada Colau, Aerial tramway, AFA (automobile), Air Europa, Airport T1 (Barcelona Metro), Airport T2 station, Al-Andalus, Alfonso II of Aragon, Almanzor, Alternative rock, Amaq News Agency, America (Spanish automobile), Amman, Anarchism, Anarchist communism, Ancient Greek, Andalusia, Anti-authoritarianism, Antoni Gaudí, Antwerp, Aquarium, Aquarium Barcelona, Ara (newspaper), Arabic, Arc de Triomf, Archaeology Museum of Catalonia, Architecture of Barcelona, Art Nouveau, Association football, Association of Tennis Professionals, Athens, ATP 500 tournaments, Autonomism, Autonomous communities of Spain, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Autopista AP-7, Autopista C-33, Autoritat del Transport Metropolità, Autovía A-2, Autovía A-7, Autovía B-10, Autovía B-20, Autovia C-60, AVE, Avienius, Avinguda Diagonal, Avinguda Meridiana, Avui, ... Expand index (548 more) »

  2. 1st-century BC establishments in Spain
  3. Establishments in Spain in the Roman era
  4. Mediterranean port cities and towns in Spain
  5. Populated places established in the 1st century BC
  6. Populated places in Barcelonès
  7. Roman sites in Spain

A & C Black

A & C Black is a British book publishing company, owned since 2002 by Bloomsbury Publishing.

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Abadal

Abadal is a Spanish automobile company founded by the famous early 20th century racing driver Don Francisco Serramelera Abadal, better known as Paco Abadal, in Barcelona in 1912.

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Ada Colau

Ada Colau Ballano (born 3 March 1974) is a Spanish activist and politician who was Mayor of Barcelona between 2015 and 2023.

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Aerial tramway

An aerial tramway, aerial tram, sky tram, aerial cablecar, aerial cableway, telepherique, or seilbahn is a type of aerial lift which uses one or two stationary ropes for support while a third moving rope provides propulsion.

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AFA (automobile)

The Aymerich Fábrica de Automoviles (AFA) was a Spanish automobile manufactured between 1943 and 1944.

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Air Europa

Air Europa Líneas Aéreas, S.A.U., branded as Air Europa, is the third-largest Spanish airline after Iberia and Vueling.

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Airport T1 (Barcelona Metro)

Airport T1 (Aeroport T1) is a Barcelona Metro station that serves terminal T1 of Barcelona–El Prat Airport, in the municipality of El Prat de Llobregat, to the southwest of Barcelona.

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Airport T2 station

Airport T2 (Aeropuerto T2, Aeroport T2) is both a Rodalies de Catalunya commuter rail station and a Barcelona Metro station serving terminal complex T2 of Barcelona–El Prat Airport.

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Al-Andalus

Al-Andalus was the Muslim-ruled area of the Iberian Peninsula.

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Alfonso II of Aragon

Alfonso II (1–25 March 1157Benito Vicente de Cuéllar (1995),, p. 630-631; in Hidalguía. XLIII (252) pp. 619–632."Alfonso II el Casto, hijo de Petronila y Ramón Berenguer IV, nació en Huesca en 1157;". Cfr. Josefina Mateu Ibars, María Dolores Mateu Ibars (1980)..

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Almanzor

Abu ʿĀmir Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh ibn Abi ʿĀmir al-Maʿafiri (أبو عامر محمد بن عبد الله بن أبي عامر المعافري), nicknamed al-Manṣūr (المنصور, "the Victorious"), which is often Latinized as Almanzor in Spanish, Almansor in Catalan and Almançor in Portuguese (c.

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Alternative rock

Alternative rock (also known as alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative) is a category of rock music that evolved from the independent music underground of the 1970s.

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Amaq News Agency

Amaq News Agency (translit) is a news outlet linked to the Islamic State (IS).

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America (Spanish automobile)

The America was a Spanish automobile manufactured in Barcelona from 1917 to 1922.

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Amman

Amman (ʿAmmān) is the capital and the largest city of Jordan, and the country's economic, political, and cultural center.

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Anarchism

Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that is against all forms of authority and seeks to abolish the institutions it claims maintain unnecessary coercion and hierarchy, typically including the state and capitalism.

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Anarchist communism

Anarchist communism is a political ideology and anarchist school of thought that advocates communism.

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Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek (Ἑλληνῐκή) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC.

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Andalusia

Andalusia (Andalucía) is the southernmost autonomous community in Peninsular Spain.

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Anti-authoritarianism is opposition to authoritarianism, which is defined as "a form of social organisation characterised by submission to authority", "favoring complete obedience or subjection to authority as opposed to individual freedom" and to authoritarian government.

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Antoni Gaudí

Antoni Gaudí i Cornet (25 June 1852 – 10 June 1926) was a Catalan architect and designer from Spain, known as the greatest exponent of Catalan Modernism.

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Antwerp

Antwerp (Antwerpen; Anvers) is a city and a municipality in the Flemish Region of Belgium.

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Aquarium

An aquarium (aquariums or aquaria) is a vivarium of any size having at least one transparent side in which aquatic plants or animals are kept and displayed.

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Aquarium Barcelona

Aquarium Barcelona (Aquàrium de Barcelona) is an aquarium located in Port Vell, a harbor in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Ara (newspaper)

Ara (meaning Now in English) is a Catalan daily Spanish newspaper that began publication on 28 November 2010, coinciding with the 2010 Catalan regional election.

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Arabic

Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.

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Arc de Triomf

The Arc de Triomf is a memorial arch in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Archaeology Museum of Catalonia

The Archaeology Museum of Catalonia (Museu d'Arqueologia de Catalunya, MAC) is an archaeological museum with five venues that exposes the most important archaeological collection of Catalonia, focusing on prehistoric times and ancient history.

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Architecture of Barcelona

The architecture of Barcelona has undergone a parallel evolution alongside Catalan and Spanish architecture, reflecting the diverse trends found in the history of Western architecture.

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Art Nouveau

Art Nouveau is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts.

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Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players each, who primarily use their feet to propel a ball around a rectangular field called a pitch.

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Association of Tennis Professionals

The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) is the governing body of the men's professional tennis circuits – the ATP Tour, the ATP Challenger Tour and the ATP Champions Tour.

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Athens

Athens is the capital and largest city of Greece.

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ATP 500 tournaments

The ATP 500 tournaments (previously known as the ATP World Tour 500 tournaments, ATP International Series Gold, and ATP Championship Series) are the fourth highest tier of annual men's tennis tournament after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, and the ATP Masters 1000.

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Autonomism

Autonomism, also known as Autonomist Marxism, is an anti-capitalist social movement and Marxist-based theoretical current that first emerged in Italy in the 1960s from workerism (operaismo).

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Autonomous communities of Spain

In Spain, an autonomous community (comunidad autónoma) is the first sub-national level of political and administrative division, created in accordance with the Spanish Constitution of 1978, with the aim of guaranteeing limited autonomy of the nationalities and regions that make up Spain.

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Autonomous University of Barcelona

The Autonomous University of Barcelona (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona;; UAB) is a public university mostly located in Cerdanyola del Vallès, near the city of Barcelona in Catalonia, Spain.

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Autopista AP-7

The Autopista AP-7 (also called Autopista del Mediterráneo) (Autopista de la Mediterrània) is a Spanish autopista (controlled-access highway).

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Autopista C-33

The Autopista C-33 is a highway in Catalonia.

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Autoritat del Transport Metropolità

The Metropolitan Transport Authority (Autoritat del Transport Metropolità, ATM) is a public consortium intended to coordinate the operation and project the expansion of the public transport system in the Barcelona metropolitan area.

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Autovía A-2

The Autovía A-2 (also called Autovia del Nordeste and Avenida de América, Autovia del Nord-est) is a Spanish autovía and autopista route which starts in Madrid and ends in Barcelona.

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Autovía A-7

The Autovía A-7 (also called Autovia del Mediterráneo) is a Spanish autovía (toll-free limited-access highway) which starts in La Jonquera, near the French frontier and ends in Algeciras.

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Autovía B-10

The B-10, also known as Ronda Litoral (English: Coastal Ring Road), is a freeway in Catalonia, Spain partially encircling Barcelona passing through the eastern side of the city.

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Autovía B-20

Ronda de Dalt (common name) or B-20 motorway is a ring road or beltway within Barcelona and other parts of its metropolitan area, running from l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, to Nus de la Trinitat in the Sant Andreu district of Barcelona.

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Autovia C-60

The Autovia C-60, also known as the Autovia Mataró-Granollers is a highway in Catalonia, Spain.

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AVE

Alta Velocidad Española (AVE) is a high-speed rail service operated by Renfe, the Spanish State railway company.

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Avienius

Postumius Rufius Festus Avienius (sometimes erroneously Avienus) was a Latin writer of the 4th century AD.

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Avinguda Diagonal

Avinguda Diagonal (in Spanish Avenida Diagonal) is the name of one of Barcelona's broadest and most important avenues.

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Avinguda Meridiana

Avinguda Meridiana is a major avenue in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, spanning parts of the Sant Andreu, Nou Barris and Sant Martí northern districts of the city.

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Avui

Avui was a Catalan-language daily newspaper, based in Barcelona, Catalonia.

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Ayuntamiento (Spain)

An ayuntamiento is the body charged with the government and administration of the municipalities in Spain not bound to the regime of concejo abierto ('open council').

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Àmbit metropolità de Barcelona

Àmbit metropolità de Barcelona (Barcelona Metropolitan Demarcation), also referred to as the vegueria of Barcelona, is one of the nine regions (vegueries) of Catalonia.

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Àrea Metropolitana de Barcelona

The Àrea Metropolitana de Barcelona (AMB; English: Metropolitan Area of Barcelona) is a public body operating on the principle of metropolitan authority.

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Balearic Sea

The Balearic Sea (endotoponym: Mar Balear in Catalan and Spanish) also known as Iberian Sea, is a body of water in the Mediterranean Sea between the Balearic Islands and mainland Spain.

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Bank of Saint George

The Bank of Saint George (Casa delle compere e dei banchi di San Giorgio or informally as Ufficio di San Giorgio or Banco) was a financial institution of the Republic of Genoa.

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Bar (establishment)

A bar, also known as a saloon, a tavern or tippling house, or sometimes as a pub or club, is an establishment retail business that serves alcoholic beverages, such as beer, wine, liquor, cocktails, and other beverages such as mineral water and soft drinks.

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Barcelona Cathedral

The Cathedral of the Holy Cross and Saint Eulalia (Catedral de la Santa Creu i Santa Eulàlia), also known as Barcelona Cathedral, is the seat of the Archbishop of Barcelona in Catalonia, Spain.

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Barcelona França railway station

Estació de França (Estación de Francia; "France Station") is a major railway station in the city of Barcelona in Catalonia, Spain.

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Barcelona Guitar Orchestra

The Barcelona Guitar Orchestra (italic) is a 25 chair orchestra of classical guitarists based in Barcelona, Spain.

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Barcelona Marathon

The Zurich Barcelona Marathon (Catalan: Marató Barcelona), formerly the Marathon Catalunya and later the Marató de Catalunya, is an annual marathon race over the classic distance of usually held in March in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, and first held in 1978 in Palafrugell, Catalonia.

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Barcelona Metro

The Barcelona Metro (Catalan and Spanish: Metro de Barcelona) is a network of rapid transit electrified railway lines that run mostly underground in central Barcelona and into the city's suburbs.

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Barcelona metropolitan area

The Barcelona urban area is an urban area in Catalonia (Spain) centered on the city of Barcelona and located less than 100 km south of the border with France.

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Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art

The Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art (Museu d'Art Contemporani de Barcelona,, MACBA) is a contemporary art museum situated in the Plaça dels Àngels, in El Raval neighborhood, Ciutat Vella district, in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Barcelona Open (tennis)

The Barcelona Open (currently sponsored by Banc Sabadell) is an annual tennis tournament for male professional players.

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Barcelona Pavilion

The Barcelona Pavilion (Pavelló alemany; Pabellón alemán; "German Pavilion"), designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Lilly Reich, was the German Pavilion for the 1929 International Exposition in Barcelona, Spain.

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Barcelona Royal Shipyard

The Barcelona Royal Shipyard (Drassanes Reials de Barcelona, Atarazanas Reales de Barcelona) is a shipyard and former military building of Gothic architecture placed at the Port Vell area of the Port of Barcelona.

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Barcelona Sants railway station

Barcelona Sants is the main railway station in Barcelona, owned by Adif, the railway infrastructure agency of Spain.

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Barcelona Symphony Orchestra and National Orchestra of Catalonia

The Barcelona Symphony Orchestra and National Orchestra of Catalonia (Orquestra Simfònica de Barcelona i Nacional de Catalunya, OBC) is a symphony orchestra based in Barcelona, Spain.

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Barcelona Trail Races

The Barcelona Trail Races or BTR (also known as Ultratrail Collserola during its first editions) is a running event that includes several mountain races or trail running races.

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Barcelona Zoo

Barcelona Zoo (Parc Zoològic de Barcelona in Catalan, Parque Zoológico de Barcelona in Spanish) is a zoo in the Parc de la Ciutadella in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Barcelonès

Barcelonès is the most populated comarca (county) of Catalonia, Spain.

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Barcids

The Barcid (baraq) family was a notable Punic (Phoenician) family in the ancient city of Carthage; many of its members were fierce enemies of the Roman Republic.

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Basilicas in the Catholic Church

Basilicas are Catholic church buildings that have a designation, conferring special privileges, given by the Pope.

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Bellaterra

Bellaterra is a decentralized municipal entity of Cerdanyola del Vallès, in the metropolitan area of Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain).

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Bengali language

Bengali, also known by its endonym Bangla (বাংলা), is an Indo-Aryan language from the Indo-European language family native to the Bengal region of South Asia.

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Berber languages

The Berber languages, also known as the Amazigh languages or Tamazight, are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family.

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Berlin

Berlin is the capital and largest city of Germany, both by area and by population.

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Besòs (river)

The Besòs (Besós) is a river flowing through Catalonia, Spain, formed by the confluence of the Mogent and Congost rivers.

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Betevé

Betevé, stylized betevé, formerly called Barcelona Televisió, is a Spanish free-to-air television channel in Catalan language, that is broadcast in Barcelona and its neighboring county, owned by the City Council of Barcelona.

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Bicing

Bicing is a bicycle-sharing system in the city of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, which was implemented in March 2007, promoted by the City Council.

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Biotechnology

Biotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that involves the integration of natural sciences and engineering sciences in order to achieve the application of organisms and parts thereof for products and services.

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Biscúter

Biscúter (Spanish spelling for the pronunciation of BiScooter) is a microcar manufactured in Spain, by Auto Nacional, SA, from 1953 until 1960, total of all versions around 10,000 units.

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Bolivia

Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in western-central South America.

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Borsa de Barcelona

The Stock Exchange of Barcelona (abbreviation, BCN) is a stock exchange located in Barcelona, and is one of the main exchanges in Spain.

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Boston

Boston, officially the City of Boston, is the capital and most populous city in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States.

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Bread & Butter (tradeshow)

Bread & Butter was an annual Berlin-based event and a year-round online shopping hub by Zalando.

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Buddhism

Buddhism, also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or 5th century BCE.

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Buffer zone

A buffer zone is a neutral zonal area that lies between two or more bodies of land, usually pertaining to countries.

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Busan

Busan, officially is South Korea's second most populous city after Seoul, with a population of over 3.3 million inhabitants as of 2024.

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Business Insider

Business Insider (stylized in all caps, shortened to BI, known from 2021 to 2023 as Insider) is a New York City–based multinational financial and business news website founded in 2007.

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C-16 highway (Spain)

C-16 or Eix del Llobregat is a primary highway in Catalonia, Spain.

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C-17 highway (Spain)

C-17 or Eix del Congost is a primary highway in Catalonia, Spain.

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C-31 highway (Spain)

C-31 or Eix Costaner is one of Catalonia's primary highways.

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C-32 highway (Spain)

C-32 is a primary highway in Catalonia, Spain.

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Cadena SER

La Cadena SER (the SER Network) is a Spanish radio network established in 1924, with a regular listenership of 4,139,000 reported in 2018.

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Camp Municipal Narcís Sala

Camp Municipal Narcís Sala is a football stadium in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Camp Nou

Camp Nou (meaning New Field, often referred to in English as the Nou Camp, currently known as Spotify Camp Nou for sponsorship reasons) is a stadium in Barcelona and the home of La Liga club Barcelona since its opening in 1957.

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Can Framis Museum

Can Framis is the latest Fundació Vila Casas museum, an art center in Barcelona devoted to the promotion of contemporary Catalan painting.

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Can Masdeu

Can Masdeu is a squatted social centre, residence and community garden in the Collserola Park on the outskirts of Barcelona.

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Can Vies

Can Vies (also known as Centre Social Autogestionat Can Vies) is a building located in the Sants neighborhood of Barcelona, built in 1879.

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Car bomb

A car bomb, bus bomb, van bomb, lorry bomb, or truck bomb, also known as a vehicle-borne improvised explosive device (VBIED), is an improvised explosive device designed to be detonated in an automobile or other vehicles.

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Cardo

A cardo (cardines) was a north–south street in Ancient Roman cities and military camps as an integral component of city planning.

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Carolingian Empire

The Carolingian Empire (800–887) was a Frankish-dominated empire in Western and Central Europe during the Early Middle Ages.

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Carthage

Carthage was an ancient city in Northern Africa, on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis in what is now Tunisia.

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Casa Batlló

() is a building in the center of Barcelona, Spain.

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Casa Milà

Casa Milà, popularly known as La Pedrera ("the stone quarry") in reference to its unconventional rough-hewn appearance, is a Modernista building in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Casa Vicens

Casa Vicens is a modernist building situated in the Gràcia neighbourhood of Barcelona.

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Castle of the Three Dragons

The Castle of the Three Dragons (Castell dels Tres Dragons, Castillo de los Tres Dragones), is the popular name given to the modernisme building built between 1887 and 1888 as a Café-Restaurant for the 1888 Universal Exposition of Barcelona by Lluís Domènech i Montaner.

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Castra

In the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, the Latin word castrum (castra) was a military-related term.

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Catalan independence movement

The Catalan independence movement (independentisme català; independentismo catalán; independentisme catalan) is a social and political movement (with roots in Catalan nationalism) which seeks the independence of Catalonia from Spain.

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Catalan language

Catalan (or; autonym: català), known in the Valencian Community and Carche as Valencian (autonym: valencià), is a Western Romance language.

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Catalan motorcycle Grand Prix

The Catalan motorcycle Grand Prix is a motorcycling event held at the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, as part of the FIM Grand Prix motorcycle racing season.

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Catalonia

Catalonia (Catalunya; Cataluña; Catalonha) is an autonomous community of Spain, designated as a nationality by its Statute of Autonomy.

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Catalunya Ràdio

Catalunya Ràdio is Catalonia's public radio network.

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Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.

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CE Europa

Club Esportiu Europa is a Catalan football team based in the city of Barcelona, with close links to the Vila de Gràcia, in the autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain.

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Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas

The Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (Centre for Sociological Research), or CIS, is a Spanish public research institute.

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Cerdanyola del Vallès

Cerdanyola del Vallès is a municipality in the ''comarca'' of the Vallès Occidental in Catalonia, Spain.

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Charlemagne

Charlemagne (2 April 748 – 28 January 814) was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and Emperor, of what is now known as the Carolingian Empire, from 800, holding these titles until his death in 814.

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Church of Colònia Güell

The Church of Colònia Güell (Cripta de la Colònia Güell) is an unfinished work by Antoni Gaudí.

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Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya

The Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya is a motorsport race track in Montmeló, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Citadel

A citadel is the most fortified area of a town or city.

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City Council of Barcelona

The City Council of Barcelona (Catalan: Ajuntament de Barcelona; Spanish: Ayuntamiento de Barcelona) is the top-tier administrative and governing body of the municipality of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Ciutat Vella

Ciutat Vella (meaning in English "Old City") is a district of Barcelona, numbered District 1.

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Clúa

Clúa was a Spanish motorcycle and automobile brand by Construcciones Metálicas Clúa from 1949 to 1962.

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Collective ownership

Collective ownership is the ownership of property by all members of a group.

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Cologne

Cologne (Köln; Kölle) is the largest city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the fourth-most populous city of Germany with nearly 1.1 million inhabitants in the city proper and over 3.1 million people in the Cologne Bonn urban region. Barcelona and Cologne are Coloniae (Roman) and populated places established in the 1st century BC.

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Colombia

Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with insular regions in North America.

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Columbus Monument, Barcelona

The Columbus Monument (Monument a Colom,; Monumento a Colón or Mirador de Colón) is a tall monument to Christopher Columbus at the lower end of La Rambla, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Comarques of Catalonia

The comarques of Catalonia (singular comarca), often referred to in English as counties, are an administrative division of Catalonia.

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A community centre, community center, or community hall is a public location where members of a community gather for group activities, social support, public information, and other purposes.

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A community garden is a piece of land gardened or cultivated by a group of people individually or collectively.

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Commuter rail

Commuter rail, or suburban rail, is a passenger rail transport service that primarily operates within a metropolitan area, connecting commuters to a central city from adjacent suburbs or commuter towns.

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Concert

A concert is a live music performance in front of an audience.

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Confederación Nacional del Trabajo

The (National Confederation of Labor; CNT) is a Spanish confederation of anarcho-syndicalist labor unions, which was long affiliated with the International Workers' Association (AIT).

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Containerization

Containerization is a system of intermodal freight transport using intermodal containers (also called shipping containers, or ISO containers).

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Convergence and Union

Convergence and Union (Convergència i Unió, CiU) was a Catalan nationalist electoral alliance in Catalonia, Spain.

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CosmoCaixa Barcelona

CosmoCaixa Barcelona is a science museum located in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Count of Barcelona

The count of Barcelona (comte de Barcelona, conde de Barcelona, comte de Barcelone) was the ruler of the County of Barcelona and also, by extension and according with the Usages and Catalan constitutions, of the Principality of Catalonia as Princeps for much of Catalan history, from the 9th century until the 18th century.

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County of Barcelona

The County of Barcelona (Comitatus Barcinonensis, Comtat de Barcelona) was a polity in northeastern Iberian Peninsula, originally located in the southern frontier region of the Carolingian Empire.

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Creative Cities Network

The UNESCO Creative Cities Network (UCCN) is a flagship city programme of UNESCO launched in 2004 to promote cooperation among cities which have recognized culture and creativity as strategic drivers of sustainable urban development.

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Critique of work

Critique of work or critique of labour is the critique of, and/or wish to abolish, work as such, and to critique what the critics of works deem wage slavery.

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Crown of Aragon

The Crown of AragonCorona d'Aragón;Corona d'Aragó,;Corona de Aragón;Corona Aragonum.

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Crown of Castile

The Crown of Castile was a medieval polity in the Iberian Peninsula that formed in 1230 as a result of the third and definitive union of the crowns and, some decades later, the parliaments of the kingdoms of Castile and León upon the accession of the then Castilian king, Ferdinand III, to the vacant Leonese throne.

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Cursa de Bombers

The Cursa de Bombers (Fireman's Race) is an annual road running race over 10 km which takes place in April in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Cursa de la Mercè

Cursa de la Mercè (Mercè Race) is a public athletic race with free registration that is held annually in the streets of Barcelona since 1979.

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David (company)

David was a Spanish company manufacturing automobiles in Barcelona between 1913 and 1923 and again between 1951 and 1957.

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Decumanus

In Roman urban planning, a decumanus was an east–west-oriented road in a Roman city or castrum (military camp).

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Deloitte

Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, commonly referred to as Deloitte, is a multinational professional services network.

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The Deloitte Football Money League ranks football clubs by revenue generated from football operations.

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Derbi

Derbi is a manufacturer of motorcycles, scooters, mopeds and recreational all-terrain vehicles produced by Nacional Motor S.A.U., a Spanish subsidiary of Piaggio Group.

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Derbi Barceloní

The Derbi Barceloní (Derbi Barcelonés,; "Barcelonian derby"), is the name given to football matches between FC Barcelona and RCD Espanyol.

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Discovery Channel

Discovery Channel, known as The Discovery Channel from 1985 to 1995, and often referred to as simply Discovery, is an American cable channel owned by Warner Bros. Discovery, a publicly traded company run by CEO David Zaslav.

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Districts of Barcelona

Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain is divided into 10 districts.

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Dry season

The dry season was a yearly period of low rainfall, especially in the tropics.

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Dublin

Dublin is the capital of the Republic of Ireland and also the largest city by size on the island of Ireland.

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Duchy of Athens

The Duchy of Athens (Greek: Δουκᾶτον Ἀθηνῶν, Doukaton Athinon; Catalan: Ducat d'Atenes) was one of the Crusader states set up in Greece after the conquest of the Byzantine Empire during the Fourth Crusade as part of the process known as Frankokratia, encompassing the regions of Attica and Boeotia, and surviving until its conquest by the Ottoman Empire in the 15th century.

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Dunkirk

Dunkirk (Dunkerque, Duunkerke, Duinkerke or Duinkerken) is a commune in the department of Nord in northern France.

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Dynastic union

A dynastic union is a type of union in which different states are governed beneath the same dynasty, with their boundaries, their laws, and their interests remaining distinct from each other.

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EADA Business School

EADA Business School (Escuela de Alta Dirección y Administración) is an international business school located in Barcelona.

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Eastern Orthodoxy

Eastern Orthodoxy, otherwise known as Eastern Orthodox Christianity or Byzantine Christianity, is one of the three main branches of Chalcedonian Christianity, alongside Catholicism and Protestantism.

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Ebro trucks

Ebro trucks was a Spanish brand of light and medium trucks and buses, as well as all-wheel-drive utility vehicles with plants located in Barcelona, Madrid, Ávila, and Cordoba.

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Ecuador

Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west.

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Edificio Colón

Edifici Colón (also Torre Maritima) is an office skyscraper in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Eiji Oue

is a Japanese conductor.

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Eixample

The Eixample (Expansion) is a district of Barcelona between the old city (Ciutat Vella) and what were once surrounding small towns (Sants, Gràcia, Sant Andreu, etc.), constructed in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

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El Carmel

El Carmel, or simply Carmel, is a neighbourhood in the district of Horta-Guinardó, in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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El Español

El Español is a Spanish online newspaper that started in 2015.

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El Fénix (automobile)

The El Fenix was a Spanish automobile manufactured from 1901 until 1904.

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El Mundo (Spain)

(), before, is the second largest printed daily newspaper in Spain.

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El País

() is a Spanish-language daily newspaper in Spain.

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El Periódico de Catalunya

El Periódico de Catalunya, also simply known as El Periódico, is a morning daily newspaper based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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El Prat de Llobregat

El Prat de Llobregat, commonly known as El Prat, is a municipality of Spain located in the ''comarca'' of Baix Llobregat in Catalonia.

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El Punt

El Punt was a Catalan daily newspaper based in Girona, Catalonia (Spain).

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Elizalde (automobile)

The Elizalde was a Spanish automobile manufacturer from 1914 until 1928.

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Emmanuel de Martonne

Emmanuel de Martonne (1 April 1873 – 24 July 1955) was a French geographer.

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Enclave and exclave

An enclave is a territory that is entirely surrounded by the territory of only one other state or entity.

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ESADE

Esade (Escola Superior d'Administració i Direcció d'Empreses) is an international private educational institution based in Barcelona, Spain.

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Esplugues de Llobregat

Esplugues de Llobregat is a municipality of the Barcelona metropolitan area.

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Estació del Nord (Barcelona)

The Estació del Nord or Estación del Norte, is a former main line railway station in the city of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys

Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys (formerly known as the Estadi de Montjuïc and Estadi Olímpic de Montjuïc) is a stadium in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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ETA (separatist group)

ETA, an acronym for ("Basque Homeland and Liberty", Encyclopaedia Britannica 20 October 2011 or "Basque Country and Freedom"), was an armed Basque nationalist and far-left separatist organization in the Basque Country between 1959 and 2018, with its goal being independence for the region.

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Eucort

Eucort (Eusebio Cortés SA) was a Spanish automobile manufacturer based at Barcelona from 1945 till 1953.

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Eulalia of Barcelona

Eulalia (c. 289 – February 12, 303), co-patron saint of Barcelona, was a 13-year-old Roman Christian virgin who was martyred in Barcelona during the persecution of Christians in the reign of emperor Diocletian (the Sequence of Saint Eulalia mentions his co-emperor the "pagan king" Maximian).

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European debt crisis

The European debt crisis, often also referred to as the eurozone crisis or the European sovereign debt crisis, was a multi-year debt crisis that took place in the European Union (EU) from 2009 until the mid to late 2010s.

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European Museum of the Year Award

The European Museum of the Year Award (EMYA) is presented each year by the European Museum Forum (EMF) under the auspices of the Council of Europe.

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European route E15

The European route E15 is part of the United Nations international E-road network.

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European route E9

The European route E9 is part of the United Nations international E-road network.

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European route E90

European route E 90 is an A-Class West–East European route, extending from Lisbon in Portugal in the west to the Turkish–Iraqi border in the east.

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European Union

The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe.

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Eurostat

Eurostat ('European Statistical Office'; DG ESTAT) is a Directorate-General of the European Commission located in the Kirchberg quarter of Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.

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Evangelicalism

Evangelicalism, also called evangelical Christianity or evangelical Protestantism, is a worldwide interdenominational movement within Protestant Christianity that emphasizes the centrality of sharing the "good news" of Christianity, being "born again" in which an individual experiences personal conversion, as authoritatively guided by the Bible, God's revelation to humanity.

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Executive Council of Catalonia

The Executive Council of Catalonia (Consell Executiu) or the Executive Government of Catalonia (Catalan: Govern de Catalunya) is the executive branch of the Generalitat of Catalonia.

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Fabra Observatory

The Fabra Observatory (Observatori Fabra,; obs. code: 006) is an astronomical observatory located in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain pointed towards the south at 415 metres above sea level (latitude: 41,4184° N; longitude: 2,1239° E).

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Fall of Barcelona

The fall of Barcelona was the capture of Barcelona, until then in the Republican zone, by the Nationalists; it took place on January 26, 1939, during final phases of the Spanish Civil War.

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Fashion capital

A fashion capital is a city with major influence on the international fashion scene, from history, heritage, designers, trends, and styles, to manufacturing innovation and retailing of fashion products, including events such as fashion weeks, fashion council awards, and trade fairs that together, generate significant economic output.

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Fashion in Barcelona

Today, more fashion capitals exist than the original “Big Four” of London, Paris, Milan, and New York from the 20th century.

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FC Barcelona

Futbol Club Barcelona, commonly known as Barcelona and familiarly as Barça, is a professional football club based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, that competes in La Liga, the top flight of Spanish football.

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FC Barcelona Bàsquet

FC Barcelona Bàsquet (English: FC Barcelona Basketball), commonly referred to as FC Barcelona and colloquially known as Barça, is a professional basketball team based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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FC Barcelona Futsal

Futbol Club Barcelona is a professional futsal club based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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FC Barcelona Handbol

Futbol Club Barcelona Handbol is a professional Spanish handball team based in Barcelona, Catalonia.

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FC Barcelona Hoquei

Futbol Club Barcelona Hoquei is a professional roller hockey team based in Barcelona, Spain.

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FC Barcelona Ice Hockey

FC Barcelona Ice Hockey is an ice hockey club in Barcelona, Catalonia, that is part of FC Barcelona club.

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FC Barcelona Museum

The FC Barcelona museum (FC Barcelona Museu) was inaugurated on 24 September 1984 under the presidency of Josep Lluís Nuñez.

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FC Barcelona Rugby

Futbol Club Barcelona Rugby is a Spanish rugby union club.

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FC Bayern Munich

Fußball-Club Bayern München e. V. (FCB), commonly known as Bayern Munich or FC Bayern, is a German professional sports club based in Munich, Bavaria.

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FDi Intelligence

fDi Intelligence is an English-language bi-monthly news and foreign direct investment (FDI) publication, providing an up-to-date review of global investment activity.

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Ferdinand II of Aragon

Ferdinand II (10 March 1452 – 23 January 1516) was King of Aragon from 1479 until his death in 1516.

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Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya

("Catalan Government Railways"; Spanish: Ferrocarriles de la Generalidad de Cataluña), or FGC, is a railway company which operates several unconnected lines in Catalonia, Spain.

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FIFA Club World Cup

The FIFA Club World Cup is an international men's association football competition organised by the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the sport's global governing body.

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Fira de Barcelona

Fira de Barcelona is Barcelona’s trade fair institution.

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Flight training

Flight training is a course of study used when learning to pilot an aircraft.

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Formula One

Formula One, commonly known as Formula 1 or F1, is the highest class of international racing for open-wheel single-seater formula racing cars sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA).

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Forum Building

The Forum Building (Edifici Fòrum,; Edificio Fórum), is an architectural landmark in Barcelona designed by the Swiss architects Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron (Herzog & de Meuron).

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France

France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe.

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Francisco Franco

Francisco Franco Bahamonde (4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish military general who led the Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spain from 1939 to 1975 as a dictator, assuming the title Caudillo.

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Francoist Spain

Francoist Spain (España franquista), also known as the Francoist dictatorship (dictadura franquista), was the period of Spanish history between 1936 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title Caudillo.

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Fundació Antoni Tàpies

The Fundació Antoni Tàpies ('Antoni Tàpies Foundation') is a cultural center and museum, located in Carrer d'Aragó, in Barcelona, Catalonia.

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Fundació Joan Miró

The Fundació Joan Miró ("Joan Miró Foundation, Centre of Studies of Contemporary Art") is a museum of modern art honoring Joan Miró located on the hill called Montjuïc in Barcelona, Catalonia (Spain).

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Fundació Vila Casas

The Fundació Vila Casas, founded in 1986 by the pharmaceutical entrepreneur Antoni Vila Casas, is a private, non-profit organisation which has the promotion of contemporary Catalan art as its main aim.

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Funicular

A funicular is a type of cable railway system that connects points along a railway track laid on a steep slope.

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G. N. Georgano

George Nicolas "Nick" Georgano (29 February 1932 – 22 October 2017 Alvis Archive Blog, 24 Oct. 2017 The Society of Automotive History) was a British author, specialising in motoring history.

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Galba

Galba (born Servius Sulpicius Galba; 24 December 3 BC – 15 January AD 69) was Roman emperor, ruling from AD 68 to 69.

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Galicia (Spain)

Galicia (Galicia (officially) or Galiza; Galicia) is an autonomous community of Spain and historic nationality under Spanish law.

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Gaza City

Gaza, also called Gaza City, is a Palestinian city in the Gaza Strip.

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Generalitat

Generalitat (literally in English 'Generality') is the name of two major medieval and early modern political institutions and their modern-day analogues in Kingdom of Spain.

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Generalitat de Catalunya

The Generalitat de Catalunya (Generalidad de Cataluña; Generalitat de Catalonha), or the Government of Catalonia, is the institutional system by which Catalonia is self-governed as an autonomous community of Spain.

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Girona–Costa Brava Airport

Girona–Costa Brava Airport (Catalan: Aeroport de Girona-Costa Brava, Spanish: Aeropuerto de Gerona-Costa Brava) is an airport located southwest of the city of Girona, next to the small village of Vilobí d'Onyar, in the north-east of Catalonia, Spain.

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Gitanos

The Romani in Spain, generally known by the endonym Calé, or the exonym gitanos, belong to the Iberian Romani subgroup known as Calé, with smaller populations in Portugal (known as ciganos) and in Southern France (known as tsiganes).

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Global city

A global city, also known as a power city, world city, alpha city, or world center, is a city that serves as a primary node in the global economic network. The concept originates from geography and urban studies, based on the thesis that globalization has created a hierarchy of strategic geographic locations with varying degrees of influence over finance, trade, and culture worldwide.

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Global Language Monitor

The Global Language Monitor (GLM) is a company based in Austin, Texas, that analyzes trends in the English language.

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Gondola lift

A gondola lift is a means of cable transport and type of aerial lift which is supported and propelled by cables from above.

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Gothic Quarter, Barcelona

The Gothic Quarter (Barri Gòtic or El Gòtic; Barrio Gótico) is the historic centre of the old city of Barcelona.

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Government budget

A government budget or a budget is a projection of the government's revenues and expenditure for a particular period of time often referred to as a financial or fiscal year, which may or may not correspond with the calendar year.

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Government of Spain

The government of Spain (Gobierno de España) is the central government which leads the executive branch and the General State Administration of the Kingdom of Spain.

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GP2 Series

The GP2 Series was a form of open wheel motor racing introduced in 2005 following the discontinuation of the long-term Formula One feeder series, Formula 3000.

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Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana

The (English: the Great Catalan Encyclopedia) is a Catalan-language encyclopedia, started in fascicles, and published in 1968 by.

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Gran Via (Barcelona)

Gran Via is the second major business district of Barcelona, after Diagonal Mar.

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Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes

Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes ("Great Way of the Catalan Courts"), more simply known as Gran Via, is one of Barcelona's major avenues.

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Gràcia

Gràcia, meaning "grace" (in English), is a district of the Mediterranean city of Barcelona, in the northeastern autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain.

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Guangzhou

Guangzhou, previously romanized as Canton or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of Guangdong province in southern China. Barcelona and Guangzhou are populated places established in the 1st century BC.

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Guàrdia Urbana de Barcelona

The Guàrdia Urbana (English: Urban Guard) is the municipal police force for the city of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Hamilcar Barca

Hamilcar Barca or Barcas (𐤇𐤌𐤋𐤒𐤓𐤕𐤟𐤁𐤓𐤒, Ḥomilqart Baraq; –228BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman, leader of the Barcid family, and father of Hannibal, Hasdrubal and Mago.

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Handball

Handball (also known as team handball, European handball or Olympic handball) is a team sport in which two teams of seven players each (six outcourt players and a goalkeeper) pass a ball using their hands with the aim of throwing it into the goal of the opposing team.

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Hannibal

Hannibal (translit; 247 – between 183 and 181 BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman who commanded the forces of Carthage in their battle against the Roman Republic during the Second Punic War.

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Havana

Havana (La Habana) is the capital and largest city of Cuba.

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Hectare

The hectare (SI symbol: ha) is a non-SI metric unit of area equal to a square with 100-metre sides (1 hm2), that is, 10,000 square meters (10,000 m2), and is primarily used in the measurement of land.

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Height above mean sea level

Height above mean sea level is a measure of a location's vertical distance (height, elevation or altitude) in reference to a vertical datum based on a historic mean sea level.

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Hercules

Hercules is the Roman equivalent of the Greek divine hero Heracles, son of Jupiter and the mortal Alcmena.

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Heritage streetcar

Heritage streetcars or heritage trams are a part of the efforts to preserve rail transit heritage.

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High Court of Justice of Catalonia

The High Court of Justice of Catalonia (Tribunal Superior de Justícia de Catalunya, TSJC) is the highest body and last judicial instance of the Spanish judiciary in Catalonia.

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High-speed rail

High-speed rail (HSR) is a type of rail transport network utilizing trains that run significantly faster than those of traditional rail, using an integrated system of specialized rolling stock and dedicated tracks.

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Hipercor bombing

A car bomb attack was carried out on 19 June 1987 at the Hipercor shopping centre in Barcelona, Spain, by the Basque separatist organisation ETA, which was classified as a terrorist group by the European Union and numerous nations.

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Hispania

Hispania (Hispanía; Hispānia) was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula.

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Hispano-Suiza

Hispano-Suiza is a Spanish automotive company.

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History of Catalonia

The recorded history of the lands of what today is known as Catalonia begins with the development of the Iberian peoples while several Greek colonies were established on the coast before the Roman conquest.

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History of slavery

The history of slavery spans many cultures, nationalities, and religions from ancient times to the present day.

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History of the European Communities (1973–1993)

Between 1973 and 1993 the European Communities saw the first enlargement of the Communities.

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Horta-Guinardó

Horta-Guinardó is the name of one of the districts of Barcelona, located in its North-Eastern corner.

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Hospital de Sant Pau

The former Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (Hospital of the Holy Cross and Saint Paul) in the neighborhood of El Guinardó, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, is a complex built between 1901 and 1930.

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IATA airport code

An IATA airport code, also known as an IATA location identifier, IATA station code, or simply a location identifier, is a three-letter geocode designating many airports and metropolitan areas around the world, defined by the International Air Transport Association (IATA).

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Iberia (airline)

Iberia, legally incorporated as Iberia Líneas Aéreas de España, S.A. Operadora, Sociedad Unipersonal, is the flag carrier of Spain.

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Iberian Peninsula

The Iberian Peninsula (IPA), also known as Iberia, is a peninsula in south-western Europe, defining the westernmost edge of Eurasia.

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Iberian scripts

The Iberian scripts are the Paleohispanic scripts that were used to represent the extinct Iberian language.

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IESE Business School

IESE Business School is the graduate business school of the University of Navarra.

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Ildefons Cerdà

Ildefons Cerdà Sunyer (Ildefonso Cerdá Suñer; 23 December 1815, Centelles – 21 August 1876, Caldas de Besaya) was a Spanish urban planner and civil engineer who designed the 19th-century "extension" of Barcelona called the Eixample.

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IMAX

IMAX is a proprietary system of high-resolution cameras, film formats, film projectors, and theaters known for having very large screens with a tall aspect ratio (approximately either 1.43:1 or 1.90:1) and steep stadium seating, with the 1.43:1 ratio format being available only in few selected locations.

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Imperial College Press

Imperial College Press (ICP) was formed in 1995 as a partnership between Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine in London and World Scientific publishing.

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Industrial design

Industrial design is a process of design applied to physical products that are to be manufactured by mass production.

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Initiative for Catalonia Greens

Initiative for Catalonia Greens (Iniciativa per Catalunya Verds, ICV) was an eco-socialist political party in Catalonia.

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Inter-city rail

Inter-city rail services are express trains that run services that connect cities over longer distances than commuter or regional trains.

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International Olympic Committee

The International Olympic Committee (IOC; Comité international olympique, CIO) is a non-governmental sports organisation based in Lausanne, Switzerland.

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Isabella I of Castile

Isabella I (Isabel I; 22 April 1451 – 26 November 1504), also called Isabella the Catholic (Spanish: Isabel la Católica), was Queen of Castile and León from 1474 until her death in 1504.

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Isfahan

Isfahan or Esfahan (اصفهان) is a major city in the Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan province, Iran.

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Islamic State

The Islamic State (IS), also known as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and by its Arabic acronym Daesh, is a transnational Salafi jihadist group and an unrecognised quasi-state.

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Istanbul

Istanbul is the largest city in Turkey, straddling the Bosporus Strait, the boundary between Europe and Asia.

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Japanese School in Barcelona

The is a Japanese international school in Sant Cugat del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain, in Greater Barcelona.

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Jardí Botànic de Barcelona

The Botanical Garden of Barcelona (Jardí Botànic de Barcelona) is a botanical garden in the Montjuïc hill of Barcelona set amongst a number of stadiums used in the Summer Olympic Games of 1992.

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Jaume Collboni

Jaume Collboni Cuadrado (born 5 September 1969) is a Spanish politician, lawyer by profession and civil servant of the local administration.

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Jaume I University

Jaume I University (Universidad Jaime I, Universitat Jaume I, UJI) is a university in the city of Castelló de la Plana, Valencian Community, Spain.

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Jehovah's Witnesses

Jehovah's Witnesses is a nontrinitarian, millenarian, restorationist Christian denomination.

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Jihadism

Jihadism is a neologism for militant Islamic movements that are perceived as existentially threatening to the West.

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Josep Tarradellas Barcelona–El Prat Airport

Josep Tarradellas Barcelona–El Prat Airport (Catalan: Aeroport Josep Tarradellas Barcelona-El Prat, Spanish: Aeropuerto Josep Tarradellas Barcelona-El Prat), and also known as Barcelona-El Prat Airport, is an international airport located southwest.

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Joventut Badalona

Club Joventut Badalona, S.A.D. is a Spanish professional basketball club based in Badalona, Catalonia, Spain, playing in the Liga ACB and the EuroCup.

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Kapi (car)

The Kapi was a Spanish automobile manufactured by Automóviles y Autoscooter Kapi in Barcelona from 1950 until 1955.

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Köppen climate classification

The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems.

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Kingdom Hall

A Kingdom Hall is a place of worship used by Jehovah's Witnesses.

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Kingdom of Aragon

The Kingdom of Aragon (Reino d'Aragón; Regne d'Aragó; Regnum Aragoniae; Reino de Aragón) or Imperial Aragon (Aragón Imperial) was a medieval and early modern kingdom on the Iberian Peninsula, corresponding to the modern-day autonomous community of Aragon, in Spain.

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Kobe

Kobe (Kōbe), officially, is the capital city of Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan.

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Kyoto

Kyoto (Japanese: 京都, Kyōto), officially, is the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture in the Kansai region of Japan's largest and most populous island of Honshu.

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L'Auditori

L'Auditori is a modern building of 42,000 square metres designed by the architect Rafael Moneo, opened on 22 March 1999, in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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L'Hospitalet de Llobregat

L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Hospitalet de Llobregat), often shortened to L'Hospitalet or just L'H, is a municipality in the Barcelonès ''comarca'', in Catalonia (Spain). Barcelona and L'Hospitalet de Llobregat are populated places in Barcelonès.

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La Barceloneta, Barcelona

La Barceloneta is a neighborhood in the Ciutat Vella district of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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La Cuadra

La Cuadra is a municipality and village in La Rioja Province in northwestern Argentina.

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La Mercè

La Mercè is the annual festival (festa major) of the city of Barcelona in Catalonia, Spain.

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La Rambla, Barcelona

La Rambla is considered the most well known street in central Barcelona.

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La Vanguardia

La Vanguardia is a Spanish daily newspaper, founded in 1881.

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Lampedusa

Lampedusa (Lampidusa; Lampeduża) is the largest island of the Italian Pelagie Islands in the Mediterranean Sea.

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Language immersion

Language immersion, or simply immersion, is a technique used in bilingual language education in which two languages are used for instruction in a variety of topics, including maths, science, or social studies.

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Languages of Spain

--> The majority of languages of Spain belong to the Romance language family, of which Spanish is the only one with official status in the whole country.

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Latin

Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.

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Les Corts (district)

Les Corts is one of the ten districts into which Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain has been divided up since 1984, numbered IV.

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Les Tres Torres

Les Tres Torres ("the three towers") is a residential neighbourhood in the inland Sarrià-Sant Gervasi district of Barcelona, Catalonia (Spain).

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Lesbos

Lesbos or Lesvos (Lésvos) is a Greek island located in the northeastern Aegean Sea.

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Liceu

The Gran Teatre del Liceu ("Great Theater of the Lyceum"), usually known as El Liceu, is an opera house in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Liga ACB

The Liga ACB, known as Liga Endesa for sponsorship reasons, is the top professional basketball division of the Spanish basketball league system.

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List of cities by GDP

This is a list of cities in the world by nominal gross domestic product (GDP).

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List of markets in Barcelona

The city of Barcelona has a great many neighborhood markets that provide meat, fish, produce, and more on a daily basis, and are still vital to the urban life of the city.

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List of mayors of Barcelona

This is a list of mayors of Barcelona since 1835.

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List of tallest buildings in Barcelona

Barcelona as the capital of Catalonia, the second biggest city in Spain and sixth-most populous urban area in the European Union, is a city with one of the largest number of skyscrapers in Europe.

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List of urban areas in the European Union

This is a list of urban areas in the European Union with over 500,000 inhabitants as of 2022.

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Lleida–Alguaire Airport

Lleida–Alguaire Airport (Catalan: Aeroport de Lleida-Alguaire, Spanish: Aeropuerto de Lérida-Alguaire) is an airport located in Alguaire, Catalonia, Spain; about from the centre of Lleida and about from the centre of Barcelona.

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Llobregat

The Llobregat is the second longest river in Catalonia, Spain, after the Ter.

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Lluís Domènech i Montaner

Lluís Domènech i Montaner (21 December 1850 – 27 December 1923) was a Catalan architect who was very much involved in and influential for the Catalan Modernisme català, the Art Nouveau/Jugendstil movement.

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Looting

Looting is the act of stealing, or the taking of goods by force, typically in the midst of a military, political, or other social crisis, such as war, natural disasters (where law and civil enforcement are temporarily ineffective), or rioting.

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Louis the Pious

Louis the Pious (Ludwig der Fromme; Louis le Pieux; 16 April 778 – 20 June 840), also called the Fair and the Debonaire, was King of the Franks and co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813.

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Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (born Maria Ludwig Michael Mies; March 27, 1886August 17, 1969) was a German-American architect, academic, and interior designer. Barcelona and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe are Recipients of the Royal Gold Medal.

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Madrid

Madrid is the capital and most populous city of Spain.

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Madrid–Barcelona high-speed rail line

The Madrid–Barcelona high-speed rail line is a standard gauge railway line inaugurated on 20 February 2008.

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Maghreb

The Maghreb (lit), also known as the Arab Maghreb (اَلْمَغْرِبُ الْعَرَبِيُّ) and Northwest Africa, is the western part of the Arab world.

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Magistrate

The term magistrate is used in a variety of systems of governments and laws to refer to a civilian officer who administers the law.

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Majority

A majority is more than half of a total.

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Mandarin Chinese

Mandarin is a group of Chinese language dialects that are natively spoken across most of northern and southwestern China.

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Maputo

Maputo is the capital and largest city of Mozambique.

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Mariano Rajoy

Mariano Rajoy Brey (born 27 March 1955) is a Spanish politician who served as Prime Minister of Spain from 2011 to 2018, when a vote of no confidence ousted his government.

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Maritime Museum of Barcelona

The Maritime Museum of Barcelona (Museu Marítim de Barcelona, MMB) is located in the building of Drassanes Reials de Barcelona, the royal arsenal of Barcelona, dedicated to shipbuilding between the thirteenth century and eighteenth century.

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Marseille

Marseille or Marseilles (Marseille; Marselha; see below) is the prefecture of the French department of Bouches-du-Rhône and of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region.

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May Days

The May Days, sometimes also called May Events, refer to a series of clashes between 3 and 8 May 1937 during which factions on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War engaged one another in street battles in various parts of Catalonia, centered on the city of Barcelona.

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Medication

A medication (also called medicament, medicine, pharmaceutical drug, medicinal drug or simply drug) is a drug used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease.

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Mediterranean climate

A Mediterranean climate, also called a dry summer climate, described by Köppen as Cs, is a temperate climate type that occurs in the lower mid-latitudes (normally 30 to 44 north and south latitude).

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Mediterranean Sea

The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, on the east by the Levant in West Asia, and on the west almost by the Morocco–Spain border.

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Middle Ages

In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period (also spelt mediaeval or mediæval) lasted from approximately 500 to 1500 AD.

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Milan

Milan (Milano) is a city in northern Italy, regional capital of Lombardy, and the second-most-populous city proper in Italy after Rome.

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Mini Estadi

Miniestadi (meaning in English "Mini Stadium"), officially named "Miniestadi", was a football stadium in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Mobile World Congress

MWC Barcelona (formerly but still commonly referred to as Mobile World Congress) is an annual trade show dedicated to the mobile communications industry.

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Modernisme

Modernisme (Catalan for "modernism"), also known as Catalan modernism and Catalan art nouveau, is the historiographic denomination given to an art and literature movement associated with the search of a new entitlement of Catalan culture, one of the most predominant cultures within Spain.

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Molins de Rei

Molins de Rei or Molins de Rey in Spanish is a municipality located 18 km from Barcelona's city centre, in the ''comarca'' of Baix Llobregat in Catalonia, Spain.

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Monastery of Pedralbes

The Monastery of Pedralbes, otherwise the Royal Monastery of Santa Maria de Pedralbes is a Gothic monastery in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Monocle (brand)

Monocle is a global affairs and lifestyle magazine, 24-hour radio station, website, retailer and media brand, produced by Winkreative Ltd.

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Montcada i Reixac

Montcada i Reixac, often referred to as simply Montcada, is a municipality in the ''comarca'' of the Vallès Occidental in Catalonia, Spain.

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Monterrey

Monterrey is the capital and largest city of the northeastern state of Nuevo León, Mexico, and the ninth largest city and second largest metro area in Mexico behind Greater Mexico City.

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Montevideo

Montevideo is the capital and largest city of Uruguay.

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Montjuïc

Montjuïc is a hill in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Montjuïc Cable Car

The Montjuïc Cable Car (officially Telefèric de Montjuïc, in Catalan) is a gondola lift in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Montjuïc Castle

Montjuïc Castle (Castell de Montjuïc, Castillo de Montjuich) is an old military fortress, with roots dating back from 1640, built on top of Montjuïc hill in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Montjuïc Funicular

The Montjuïc Funicular (Funicular de Montjuïc; Funicular de Montjuic) is a funicular railway in the city of Barcelona, in Catalonia, Spain.

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Montmeló

Montmeló is a municipality in the comarca of Vallès Oriental, within the Barcelona metropolitan area, in Catalonia, Spain.

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Montpellier

Montpellier (Montpelhièr) is a city in southern France near the Mediterranean Sea.

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Moroccans in Spain

Moroccans in Spain formed 16.4% of the 4,549,858 foreigners in Spain as of 1 January 2017.

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Morocco

Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa.

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Mundo Deportivo

Mundo Deportivo (meaning Sports World in English) is a Spanish nationwide daily sports newspaper published in Barcelona.

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Municipal elections in Barcelona

Municipal elections in Barcelona are held every four years to elect the city council.

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Municipalities of Catalonia

Catalonia is (as of 2018) divided into 947 municipalities.

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Muntanya Russa (Tibidabo Amusement Park)

Muntanya Russa (translated from Catalan to Roller Coaster) is the name of an amusement ride of Tibidabo Amusement Park, located at level 1 of the park.

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Murcia

Murcia is a city in south-eastern Spain, the capital and most populous city of the autonomous community of the Region of Murcia, and the seventh largest city in the country.

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Museu de la Música de Barcelona

The Museu de la Música de Barcelona (English: Music Museum of Barcelona) is a museum in Barcelona, Spain that houses a collection of musical instruments from around the world as well as biographical documents, from ancient civilisations to new technologies from the 21st century.

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Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya

The ("National Art Museum of Catalonia"), abbreviated as MNAC, is a museum of Catalan visual art located in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Museu Picasso

The Museu Picasso ("Picasso Museum") is an art museum in Barcelona, in Catalonia, Spain.

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Museum of Natural Sciences of Barcelona

The Museum of Natural Sciences of Barcelona (in Catalan, Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona; in Spanish, Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Barcelona) is a natural history museum in Barcelona, Spain.

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Museum of the History of Barcelona

The Museum of the History of Barcelona (Museu d'Història de Barcelona, MUHBA) is a history museum that conserves, researches, communicates and exhibits the historical heritage of the city of Barcelona, from its origins in Roman times until the present day.

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Muslims

Muslims (God) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition.

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Nacional Pescara

Nacional Pescara was a government backed attempt to create a Spanish motor industry.

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Naples

Naples (Napoli; Napule) is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest city of Italy, after Rome and Milan, with a population of 909,048 within the city's administrative limits as of 2022.

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Napoleon

Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led a series of successful campaigns across Europe during the Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars from 1796 to 1815.

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National Geographic

National Geographic (formerly The National Geographic Magazine, sometimes branded as NAT GEO) is an American monthly magazine published by National Geographic Partners.

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National Statistics Institute (Spain)

The (INE) is the official agency in Spain that collects statistics about demography, economy, and Spanish society.

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New York City

New York, often called New York City (to distinguish it from New York State) or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States.

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Nightclub

A nightclub is a club that is open at night, usually for drinking, dancing and other entertainment.

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Nightlife

Nightlife is a collective term for entertainment that is available and generally more popular from the late evening into the early hours of the morning.

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Ningbo

Ningbo is a sub-provincial city in northeast Zhejiang province, People's Republic of China. It comprises six urban districts, two satellite county-level cities, and two rural counties, including several islands in Hangzhou Bay and the East China Sea. Ningbo is the southern economic center of the Yangtze Delta megalopolis.

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Nissan

is a Japanese multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.

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Nou Barris

Nou Barris ("nine neighbourhoods") is one of the ten districts into which Barcelona has been officially divided since 1984.

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Nou Sardenya

Nou Sardenya is a municipally-owned football stadium in the Gràcia district of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Open University of Catalonia

The Open University of Catalonia (Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, UOC) is a private open university based in Barcelona, Spain.

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OPENCities

OPENCities is a project initiated by British Council Spain, to help cities to become more open and competitive.

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Otro Ford

The Otro Ford was a Spanish automobile manufactured from 1922 until 1924.

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Outline of Barcelona

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Barcelona: Barcelona – city on the northeastern coast of Spain.

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Palau Blaugrana

Palau Blaugrana (meaning in English "Blue and Garnet Palace") is an arena in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, belonging to FC Barcelona.

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Palau de la Música Catalana

Palau de la Música Catalana (Palace of Catalan Music) is a concert hall in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Palau dels Esports de Barcelona

The Palau dels Esports de Barcelona (Barcelona Sports Palace) is a multi-purpose indoor arena in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Palau Güell

The Palau Güell (Güell Palace) is a mansion designed by the architect Antoni Gaudí for the industrial tycoon Eusebi Güell, and was built between 1886 and 1888.

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Palau Nacional

The Palau Nacional (Catalan for 'National Palace') is a building on the hill of Montjuïc in Barcelona. It was the main site of the 1929 International Exhibition. It was designed by Eugenio Cendoya and Enric Catà under the supervision of Pere Domènech i Roura.Roig (1995) p.

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Palau Reial Major

The Palau Reial Major ("Grand Royal Palace") is a complex of historic buildings located in Plaça del Rei, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Palau Sant Jordi

Palau Sant Jordi (St.) is an indoor sporting arena and multi-purpose installation that is part of the Olympic Ring complex located in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Parc de la Ciutadella

The Parc de la Ciutadella ("Citadel Park") is a park on the northeastern edge of Ciutat Vella, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Parc del Laberint d'Horta

The Parc del Laberint d'Horta ("Park of the Labyrinth of Horta", sometimes referred to as Jardins (Gardens) del Laberint d'Horta) is a historical garden in the Horta-Guinardó district in Barcelona and the oldest of its kind in the city.

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Paris

Paris is the capital and largest city of France.

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Park Güell

Park Güell (Parc Güell; Parque Güell) is a privatized park system composed of gardens and architectural elements located on Carmel Hill, in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Parks and gardens of Barcelona

The parks and gardens of Barcelona cover an area of 2,784 hectares.

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Parliament of Catalonia

The Parliament of Catalonia (Parlament de Catalunya,; Parlamento de Cataluña; Parlament de Catalonha) is the unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of Catalonia.

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Patron saint

A patron saint, patroness saint, patron hallow or heavenly protector is a saint who in Catholicism, Lutheranism, Anglicanism, Eastern Orthodoxy and Oriental Orthodoxy is regarded as the heavenly advocate of a nation, place, craft, activity, class, clan, family, or person.

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Patronal festival

A patronal feast or patronal festival (fiesta patronal; festa patronal; festa patronal; festa patronale; fête patronale) is a yearly celebration dedicated – in countries influenced by Christianity – to the 'heavenly advocate' or 'patron' of the location holding the festival, who is a saint or virgin.

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Pedralbes

Pedralbes (Old Catalan for white stones) is a neighborhood in Les Corts district of Barcelona, Catalonia (Spain).

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Pegaso

Pegaso ("Pegasus") was a Spanish manufacturer of trucks, buses, tractors, armored vehicles, and, for a while, to train apprentices, and have a good brand image, some sports cars.

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Peninsular War

The Peninsular War (1807–1814) was the military conflict fought in the Iberian Peninsula by Spain, Portugal, and the United Kingdom against the invading and occupying forces of the First French Empire during the Napoleonic Wars.

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People's Party (Spain)

The People's Party (Partido Popular; known mostly by its acronym, PP) is a conservative and Christian-democratic political party in Spain.

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Perpignan–Barcelona high-speed rail line

The Perpignan–Barcelona high-speed line is an international high-speed rail line between Perpignan in Roussillon, France and Barcelona, Spain.

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Peter Gelderloos

Peter Gelderloos (born) is an American anarchist activist and writer.

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Petronilla of Aragon

Petronilla (29 June/11 August 1136 – 15 October 1173), whose name is also spelled Petronila or Petronella (Aragonese: Peyronela or Payronella, and Peronella), was Queen of Aragon (1137–1164) from the abdication of her father, Ramiro II, in 1137 until her own abdication in 1164.

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Philip IV of Spain

Philip IV (Felipe Domingo Victor de la Cruz de Austria y Austria, Filipe; 8 April 160517 September 1665), also called the Planet King (Spanish: Rey Planeta), was King of Spain from 1621 to his death and (as Philip III) King of Portugal from 1621 to 1640.

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Philippines

The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia.

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Phoenicia

Phoenicia, or Phœnicia, was an ancient Semitic thalassocratic civilization originating in the coastal strip of the Levant region of the eastern Mediterranean, primarily located in modern Lebanon.

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Pierre Méchain

Pierre François André Méchain (16 August 1744 – 20 September 1804) was a French astronomer and surveyor who, with Charles Messier, was a major contributor to the early study of deep-sky objects and comets.

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Plaça d'Europa

Plaça d'Europa (official name in Catalan, in Plaza de Europa) is a square in the District VII (Granvia l'Hospitalet) of L'Hospitalet de Llobregat suburb of Barcelona, Catalonia in Spain.

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Plaça de les Glòries Catalanes

Plaça de les Glòries Catalanes, most often shortened to Glòries, is a large square in Barcelona, first designed by Ildefons Cerdà to serve as the city centre in his original urban plan (Pla Cerdà), but nowadays relegated to quite a secondary position.

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Plaça del Rei

Plaça del Rei (meaning "King's Square" in Catalan, in Plaza del Rey) is a 14th-century medieval public square in the Barri Gòtic of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Plaça Sant Jaume

The Plaça de Sant Jaume (in English "Saint James's Square") is a square at the center of the Old City of Barcelona and the administrative heart of both the city and surrounding Catalonia.

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Plague (disease)

Plague is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis.

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Plain

In geography, a plain, commonly known as flatland, is a flat expanse of land that generally does not change much in elevation, and is primarily treeless.

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Pliny the Elder

Gaius Plinius Secundus (AD 23/24 AD 79), called Pliny the Elder, was a Roman author, naturalist, natural philosopher, naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and a friend of the emperor Vespasian.

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Polytechnic University of Catalonia

The Technical University of Catalonia (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya,, Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña; UPC), currently referred to as BarcelonaTech, is the largest polytechnic university in Catalonia, Spain.

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Pompeu Fabra University

Pompeu Fabra University (Universitat Pompeu Fabra, UPF,; Universidad Pompeu Fabra) is a public university located in the city of Barcelona, Catalonia in Spain.

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Pomponius Mela

Pomponius Mela, who wrote around AD 43, was the earliest known Roman geographer.

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Port of Barcelona

The Port of Barcelona (Port de Barcelona,; Puerto de Barcelona) is a major port in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Port Olímpic

The Port Olímpic (Olympic Harbour) is a marina located in Barcelona, Catalonia.

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Port Vell

Port Vell (literally in English "Old Harbor") is a waterfront harbor in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, and part of the Port of Barcelona.

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Port Vell Aerial Tramway

The Port Vell Aerial Tramway (Telefèric del Port or Aeri del Port, Teleférico del Puerto) is an aerial tramway in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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PortAventura World

PortAventura World is an entertainment resort in Salou and Vila-seca, Tarragona, on the Costa Daurada in Catalonia, Spain.

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Post-war

A post-war or postwar period is the interval immediately following the end of a war.

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Postal codes in Spain

Spanish postal codes were introduced on 1 July 1984, when the Sociedad Estatal de Correos y Telégrafos introduced automated mail sorting.

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Primavera Sound

Primavera Sound (commonly referred to as Primavera) is an annual music festival held at the Parc del Fòrum in Barcelona, Spain, during late May and early June.

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Principality of Catalonia

The Principality of Catalonia (Principat de Catalunya; Principat de Catalonha; Principado de Cataluña; Principatus Cathaloniæ) was a medieval and early modern state in the northeastern Iberian Peninsula.

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Province of Barcelona

Barcelona is a province of eastern Spain, in the center of the autonomous community of Catalonia.

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Provinces of Spain

A province in Spain.

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Ptolemy

Claudius Ptolemy (Πτολεμαῖος,; Claudius Ptolemaeus; AD) was an Alexandrian mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, and music theorist who wrote about a dozen scientific treatises, three of which were important to later Byzantine, Islamic, and Western European science.

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PTV (car)

PTV was a trademark of Automóviles Utilitarios S. A. a microcar manufacturer based in Manresa, near Barcelona, Spain.

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Public art in Barcelona

Public art in Barcelona is a designated group of monuments and outdoor sculptures in the city.

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Public security

Public security or public safety is the prevention of and protection from events that could endanger the safety and security of the public from significant danger, injury, or property damage.

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Public university

A public university or public college is a university or college that is owned by the state or receives significant funding from a government.

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Punic people

The Punic people, usually known as the Carthaginians (and sometimes as Western Phoenicians), were a Semitic people who migrated from Phoenicia to the Western Mediterranean during the Early Iron Age.

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Punjabi language

Punjabi, sometimes spelled Panjabi, is an Indo-Aryan language native to the Punjab region of Pakistan and India.

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Pyrenees

The Pyrenees are a mountain range straddling the border of France and Spain.

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Quality of life

Quality of life (QOL) is defined by the World Health Organization as "an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns".

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Quechuan languages

Quechua, also called Runasimi ('people's language') in Southern Quechua, is an indigenous language family that originated in central Peru and thereafter spread to other countries of the Andes.

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RAC 1

RAC 1 is the main Catalan language private radio station.

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Rack railway

A rack railway (also rack-and-pinion railway, cog railway, or cogwheel railway) is a steep grade railway with a toothed rack rail, usually between the running rails.

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Radio masts and towers

Radio masts and towers are typically tall structures designed to support antennas for telecommunications and broadcasting, including television.

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Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona

Ramon Berenguer IV (c. 1114 – 6 August 1162, Anglicized Raymond Berengar IV), sometimes called the Saint, was the count of Barcelona and the consort of Aragon who brought about the union of the County of Barcelona with the Kingdom of Aragon to form the Crown of Aragon.

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Ranked lists of Spanish municipalities

This article includes several ranked indicators for Spain's municipalities.

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Rapid transit

Rapid transit or mass rapid transit (MRT), commonly referred to as metro, is a type of high-capacity public transport that is generally built in urban areas.

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RCD Espanyol

Reial Club Deportiu Espanyol de Barcelona ("Royal Spanish Sports Club of Barcelona"), commonly known as RCD Espanyol, is a Spanish professional sports club based in Cornellà, Catalonia.

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Real Club de Tenis Barcelona

The Real Club de Tenis Barcelona 1899 (Reial Club de Tennis Barcelona 1899) is a tennis club and training center in Barcelona, Spain.

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Reapers' War

The Reapers' War (Guerra dels Segadors,; Guerra de los Segadores), also known as the Catalan Revolt, was a conflict that affected the Principality of Catalonia between the years of 1640 and 1659.

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Republican Left of Catalonia

The Republican Left of Catalonia (Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya, ERC;; generically branded as Esquerra Republicana) is a pro-Catalan independence, social democratic political party in the Spanish autonomous community of Catalonia, with a presence also in Valencia, the Balearic Islands and the French department of Pyrénées-Orientales (Northern Catalonia).

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Responsible Travel

Responsible Travel is an activist travel company offering over 6,000 responsible holidays from 400 holiday providers around the world.

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Reus Airport

Reus Airport is located by the beaches of Costa Daurada, equidistant in relation to the town of Constantí and the city of Reus and approximately from the city centre of Tarragona, in Catalonia, Spain.

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Revolutionary Catalonia

Revolutionary Catalonia (21 July 1936 – 8 May 1937) was the period in which the autonomous region of Catalonia in northeast Spain was controlled or largely influenced by various anarchist, communist, and socialist trade unions, parties, and militias of the Spanish Civil War era.

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Ring road

A ring road (also known as circular road, beltline, beltway, circumferential (high)way, loop or orbital) is a road or a series of connected roads encircling a town, city or country.

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Rio de Janeiro

Rio de Janeiro, or simply Rio, is the capital of the state of Rio de Janeiro.

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Road running

Road running is the sport of running on a measured course over an established road.

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Road traffic safety

Road traffic safety refers to the methods and measures used to prevent road users from being killed or seriously injured.

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Rodalies de Catalunya

Rodalies de Catalunya ("Commuter Rail of Catalonia") is the main commuter and regional rail system in the Spanish autonomous community of Catalonia.

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Roller hockey

Roller hockey is a form of hockey played on a dry surface using wheeled skates.

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Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.

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Romanesque art

Romanesque art is the art of Europe from approximately 1000 AD to the rise of the Gothic style in the 12th century, or later depending on region.

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Romanian language

Romanian (obsolete spelling: Roumanian; limba română, or românește) is the official and main language of Romania and Moldova.

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Ronda del Mig

Ronda del Mig is an expressway that runs through the city of Barcelona through the interior of the city, unlike the Ronda del Litoral and the Ronda de Dalt, which runs along the periphery.

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Rosario

Rosario is the largest city in the central Argentine province of Santa Fe.

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Royal Gold Medal

The Royal Gold Medal for architecture is awarded annually by the Royal Institute of British Architects on behalf of the British monarch, in recognition of an individual's or group's substantial contribution to international architecture. Barcelona and Royal Gold Medal are Recipients of the Royal Gold Medal.

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Royal Institute of British Architects

The Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) is a professional body for architects primarily in the United Kingdom, but also internationally, founded for the advancement of architecture under its royal charter granted in 1837, three supplemental charters and a new charter granted in 1971.

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Ruhr

The Ruhr (Ruhrgebiet, also Ruhrpott), also referred to as the Ruhr area, sometimes Ruhr district, Ruhr region, or Ruhr valley, is a polycentric urban area in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Ryanair

Ryanair is an Irish ultra low-cost carrier group headquartered in Swords, Dublin, Ireland.

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Saïda, Algeria

Saïda (سعيدة, saʿīda) is a commune and the capital city of Saïda Province, Algeria.

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Sabadell

Sabadell is a city and municipality in Catalonia, Spain.

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Sabadell Airport

Sabadell Airport is located next to the city of Sabadell, from Barcelona's city centre, in Catalonia.

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Sagrada Família

The Basílica i Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Família, otherwise known as Sagrada Família, is a church under construction in the Eixample district of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Sagrada Família (neighborhood)

Sagrada Família is a neighborhood in the Eixample district of Barcelona, Catalonia (Spain).

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Saint Petersburg

Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the second-largest city in Russia after Moscow.

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San Francisco

San Francisco, officially the City and County of San Francisco, is a commercial, financial, and cultural center in Northern California.

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Sant Adrià de Besòs

Sant Adrià de Besòs is a city and a municipality within the comarca of Barcelonès in Catalonia, north-eastern Spain. Barcelona and Sant Adrià de Besòs are populated places in Barcelonès.

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Sant Andreu

Sant Andreu is one of the ten districts of Barcelona since its redistricting in 1984.

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Sant Cugat del Vallès

Sant Cugat del Vallès is a town and municipality north of Barcelona, Catalonia.

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Sant Feliu de Llobregat

Sant Feliu de Llobregat is an industrial city and municipality in Catalonia, Spain, in the province of Barcelona.

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Sant Gervasi – la Bonanova

Sant Gervasi – la Bonanova is a neighbourhood in the Sarrià-Sant Gervasi district of Barcelona, Catalonia (Spain).

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Sant Joan Despí

paren) is a city and municipality located in the Baix Llobregat area (Barcelona province in Catalonia, Spain). It is situated on the left bank of the Llobregat river. Es is a dialectal form of the masculine article el, hence Despí would be rendered Del pi in standard Catalan. Since 2006, the town has been the home of the FC Barcelona training ground and youth academy, the Ciutat Esportiva Joan Gamper; in 2019, the club's Johan Cruyff Stadium opened adjacent to the training facility, which is home to FC Barcelona Femení, FC Barcelona Atlètic, and Juvenil A (U19 A team).

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Sant Just Desvern

paren) is a town near Barcelona, in the ''comarca'' of the Baix Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain. Sant Just Desvern is located in the 2,078317º of longitude and 41,381611º of latitude. It is situated at 122 m (average) above sea level. The maximum height is located at 405 meters above sea level, almost in the top of Turó de Merlès (416.7 m), and the lowest spot of this town is about 40 meters, located at the park of Torreblanca.

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Sant Martí (district)

Sant Martí, is a district of Barcelona located on its eastern side, usually numbered 10 out of the ten districts of the city.

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Sant Pau del Camp

paren) is a church and former monastery in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. While the monastery now stands within the El Raval district in central Barcelona, it once stood outside the city (before 14th century); its rural location gave the church its name.

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Sant Sebastià

Sant Sebastià beach is located in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Santa Coloma de Cervelló

Santa Coloma de Cervelló is a municipality situated in the comarca of Baix Llobregat, at the province of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Santa Coloma de Gramenet

Santa Coloma de Gramenet, informally simply known as Santa Coloma, and formerly as Gramenet de Besòs between 1936 and 1939, is a municipality in Barcelonès county, in Catalonia, Spain. Barcelona and Santa Coloma de Gramenet are populated places in Barcelonès.

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Santa Maria del Mar, Barcelona

Santa Maria del Mar ("Saint Mary of the Sea") is a church in the Ribera district of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, built between 1329 and 1383 at the height of Principality of Catalonia's maritime and mercantile preeminence.

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Santa Maria del Pi, Barcelona

Santa Maria del Pi (meaning "St. Mary of the Pine") is a 15th-century Gothic church in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Sants-Montjuïc

Sants-Montjuïc is one of the ten districts into which Barcelona has been split since 1984, numbered District 3.

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Sarajevo

Sarajevo is the capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 275,524 in its administrative limits.

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Sarrià-Sant Gervasi

Sarrià-Sant Gervasi is one of the biggest districts of Barcelona, Spain.

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São Paulo

São Paulo is the most populous city in Brazil and the capital of the state of São Paulo.

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Sónar

Sónar is a festival dedicated to music, creativity and technology, founded in Barcelona in 1994 by Ricard Robles, Enric Palau, and Sergi Caballero.

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Science museum

A science museum is a museum devoted primarily to science.

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SEAT

SEAT S.A. (from Spanish Sociedad Española de Automóviles de Turismo) is a Spanish car manufacturer that sells its vehicles under the SEAT and Cupra brands.

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Second Spanish Republic

The Spanish Republic, commonly known as the Second Spanish Republic, was the form of democratic government in Spain from 1931 to 1939.

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Secondary sector of the economy

In macroeconomics, the secondary sector of the economy is an economic sector in the three-sector theory that describes the role of manufacturing.

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Self-defense

Self-defense (self-defence primarily in Commonwealth English) is a countermeasure that involves defending the health and well-being of oneself from harm.

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Self-employment

Self-employment is the state of working for oneself rather than an employer.

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Seoul

Seoul, officially Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest city of South Korea.

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Serra de Collserola

The Serra de Collserola, or simply Collserola, is a mountain range between the rivers Besòs and Llobregat.

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The term sextuple is mainly used in the sports press for winning six important national and international titles in sport, especially in football, within one sporting year or season.

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Shanghai

Shanghai is a direct-administered municipality and the most populous urban area in China.

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Siege of Barcelona (801)

The siege of Barcelona was a military operation by a Carolingian army with the aim of conquering the city of Barcelona, which had been under Muslim control for 80 years.

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Sister city

A sister city or a twin town relationship is a form of legal or social agreement between two geographically and politically distinct localities for the purpose of promoting cultural and commercial ties.

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Skateboarding

Skateboarding is an action sport that involves riding and performing tricks using a skateboard, as well as a recreational activity, an art form, an entertainment industry job, and a method of transportation.

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Social services are a range of public services intended to provide support and assistance towards particular groups, which commonly include the disadvantaged.

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The Socialists' Party of Catalonia (Partit dels Socialistes de Catalunya, PSC–PSOE) is a social-democratic political party in Catalonia, Spain, resulting from the merger of three parties: the Socialist Party of Catalonia–Regrouping, led by Josep Pallach i Carolà, the Socialist Party of Catalonia–Congress, and the Catalan Federation of the PSOE.

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Somorrostro

Somorrostro Beach is a beach in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Spain

Spain, formally the Kingdom of Spain, is a country located in Southwestern Europe, with parts of its territory in the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and Africa.

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Spanish art

Spanish art has been an important contributor to Western art and Spain has produced many famous and influential artists including Velázquez, Goya and Picasso.

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Spanish Civil War

The Spanish Civil War (Guerra Civil Española) was a military conflict fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republicans and the Nationalists.

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Spanish colonization of the Americas

The Spanish colonization of the Americas began in 1493 on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola (now Haiti and the Dominican Republic) after the initial 1492 voyage of Genoese mariner Christopher Columbus under license from Queen Isabella I of Castile.

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Spanish Grand Prix

The Spanish Grand Prix (Gran Premio de España, Gran Premi d'Espanya) is a Formula One motor racing event currently held at the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya.

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Spanish GT Championship

The Spanish GT Championship / Iber GT (Campeonato de España de GT / Iber GT) was a Spanish auto racing series founded in 1999 and organised by the GT Sport Organización.

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Spanish language

Spanish (español) or Castilian (castellano) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin spoken on the Iberian Peninsula of Europe.

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Spanish March

The Spanish March or Hispanic March was a military buffer zone established c.795 by Charlemagne in the eastern Pyrenees and nearby areas, to protect the new territories of the Christian Carolingian Empire - the Duchy of Gascony, the Duchy of Aquitaine, and Septimania - from the Muslim Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba in al-Andalus.

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Spanish Revolution of 1936

The Spanish Revolution was a workers' social revolution that began at the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in 1936 and for two to three years resulted in the widespread implementation of anarchist and, more broadly, libertarian socialist organizational principles throughout various portions of the country, primarily Catalonia, Aragon, Andalusia, and parts of the Valencian Community.

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Spanish transition to democracy

The Spanish transition to democracy, known in Spain as la Transición or la Transición española, is a period of modern Spanish history encompassing the regime change that moved from the Francoist dictatorship to the consolidation of a parliamentary system, in the form of constitutional monarchy under Juan Carlos I.

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Sport (Spanish newspaper)

Sport is a Spanish daily sports newspaper based in Barcelona, Catalonia.

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Sports club

A sports club or sporting club, sometimes an athletics club or sports society or sports association, is a group of people formed for the purpose of playing sports.

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Squatting

Squatting is the action of occupying an abandoned or unoccupied area of land or a building, usually residential, that the squatter does not own, rent or otherwise have lawful permission to use.

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Stage Front Stadium

RCDE Stadium, also known as Estadi Cornellà-El Prat (Estadio Cornellà-El Prat), is an all-seater football stadium on the outskirts of Cornellà de Llobregat and El Prat de Llobregat, in the wider Barcelona urban area (Catalonia, Spain).

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State Meteorological Agency

The State Meteorological Agency (AEMET) is a state agency of the Government of Spain responsible for providing weather forecast, warnings of hazardous weather and assisting the administrations in such matters.

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Statistical Institute of Catalonia

The Statistical Institute of Catalonia (in Catalan: Institut d'Estadística de Catalunya, usually referred to by its acronym IDESCAT) is the official body responsible for collecting and publishing statistics in the autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain.

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Street names in Barcelona

The odonyms of Barcelona — meaning the street names in Barcelona along with the names of thoroughfares and other roads in the city — are regulated by the Ponència de Nomenclàtor dels Carrers de Barcelona, a commission under the Department of Culture of the Barcelona City Council.

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Sub-Saharan Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa, Subsahara, or Non-Mediterranean Africa is the area and regions of the continent of Africa that lie south of the Sahara.

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Tarragona

Tarragona (Tarraco) is a coastal city and municipality in Catalonia (Spain). Barcelona and Tarragona are Coloniae (Roman), Mediterranean port cities and towns in Spain and roman sites in Spain.

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Taula de canvi de Barcelona

The Taula de canvi of Barcelona, created in 1401 and still extant in diminished form in the 19th century, was a municipal bank in Barcelona that has been described as the first-ever central bank.

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Taxi

A taxi, also known as a taxicab or simply a cab, is a type of vehicle for hire with a driver, used by a single passenger or small group of passengers, often for a non-shared ride.

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Taxi stand

A taxicab stand (also called taxi rank, cab stand, taxi stand, cab rank, or hack stand) is a queue area on a street or on private property where taxicabs line up to wait for passengers.

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Tétouan

Tétouan (tiṭwān), is a city in northern Morocco.

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TBS Education

TBS Education, formerly Toulouse Business School and Groupe ESC Toulouse (École supérieure de Commerce de Toulouse), is a triple crown business school founded in 1903 by the Toulouse Chamber of Commerce and Industry.

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Teatre Lliure

The Teatre Lliure ("Free Theatre") is a theatre in Barcelona, Spain, considered one of the most prestigious in Catalonia.

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Teatre Nacional de Catalunya

Teatre Nacional de Catalunya (TNC;; National Theatre of Catalonia) is a public theatre located in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Tel Aviv

Tel Aviv-Yafo (translit,; translit), usually referred to as just Tel Aviv, is the most populous city in the Gush Dan metropolitan area of Israel.

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Telephone numbers in Spain

The Spanish telephone numbering plan is the allocation of telephone numbers in Spain.

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Televisió de Catalunya

Televisió de Catalunya (known by the acronym TVC) is the public broadcasting network of Catalonia, one of the seventeen autonomous communities of Spain.

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Television channel

A television channel, or TV channel, is a terrestrial frequency or virtual number over which a television station or television network is distributed.

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Temple Expiatori del Sagrat Cor

The Temple Expiatori del Sagrat Cor (Expiatory Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus) is a Roman Catholic church and minor basilica located on the summit of Mount Tibidabo in Barcelona, Catalonia.

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The Brandery

The Brandery was an urban fashion show, organized from 2009 to 2012 by Fira de Barcelona and held twice a year, in summer and winter.

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The Independent

The Independent is a British online newspaper.

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The Japanese and Europe

The Japanese and Europe: Economic and Cultural Encounters is a 1996 book by Marie Conte-Helm, published by Athlone Press.

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The Pinker Tones

The Pinker Tones is an alternative pop band from Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Themed Entertainment Association

The Themed Entertainment Association (TEA) is an international non-profit association that represents creators, developers, designers and producers of themed entertainment.

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Tibidabo

Tibidabo is a hill overlooking Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Tibidabo Amusement Park

Tibidabo Amusement Park (Catalan: Parc d'Atraccions Tibidabo) is an amusement park located on Tibidabo in the Collserola Ridge in Barcelona.

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Tibidabo Funicular

The Tibidabo Funicular (Funicular del Tibidabo; Funicular del Tibidabo) is a funicular railway in the city of Barcelona, in Catalonia, Spain.

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Times Higher Education World University Rankings

The Times Higher Education World University Rankings, often referred to as the THE Rankings, is the annual publication of university rankings by the Times Higher Education magazine.

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Torre de Collserola

Torre de Collserola is a uniquely designed tower located on the Tibidabo hill in the Serra de Collserola, in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Torre Glòries

The Torre Glòries, formerly known as Torre Agbar, is a 38-story skyscraper located between Avinguda Diagonal and Carrer Badajoz, near Plaça de les Glòries Catalanes, which marks the gateway to the new technological district of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Torre Jaume I

Torre Jaume I is a 107-metre (351 feet) high steel truss tower in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, which was built in 1931 by Carlos Boigas.

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Torre Sant Sebastià

Torre Sant Sebastià is a 78 metre tall free standing lattice tower in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain which is used as a suspension cable station.

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Toulouse

Toulouse (Tolosa) is the prefecture of the French department of Haute-Garonne and of the larger region of Occitania.

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Trambaix

The Trambaix is one of Barcelona's three tram systems.

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Trambesòs

Trambesòs is a tram–light rail system in the Spanish autonomous community of Catalonia that links the Barcelona district of Sant Martí with Badalona and Sant Adrià de Besòs.

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TramMet

Tramvia Metropolità, SA (TramMet) is a company based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Tramvia Blau

The Tramvia Blau (blue tramway) is one of Barcelona's three tram systems.

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Transport hub

A transport hub is a place where passengers and cargo are exchanged between vehicles and/or between transport modes.

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Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona

Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona (TMB) is the main public transit operator in Barcelona.

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Travessera de Dalt

Travessera de Dalt is an important and much-used street in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain).

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Triumphal arch

A triumphal arch is a free-standing monumental structure in the shape of an archway with one or more arched passageways, often designed to span a road, and usually standing alone, unconnected to other buildings.

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Tunis

Tunis (تونس) is the capital and largest city of Tunisia.

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Turó de la Rovira

Turó de la Rovira is a hill overlooking Barcelona with an altitude of 262m.

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Turin

Turin (Torino) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in Northern Italy. Barcelona and Turin are Coloniae (Roman).

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U.S. News & World Report Best Colleges Ranking

The U.S. News & World Report Best Colleges Ranking is an annual set of rankings of colleges and universities in the United States, first published in 1983.

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UE Sant Andreu

Unió Esportiva Sant Andreu is a Spanish football club based in the district of Sant Andreu in Barcelona, Catalonia.

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UEFA Champions League

The UEFA Champions League (abbreviated as UCL) is an annual club association football competition organised by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) and contested by top-division European clubs, deciding the competition winners through a round robin group stage to qualify for a double-legged knockout format, and a single leg final.

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UEFA stadium categories

UEFA stadium categories are categories for football stadiums laid out in UEFA's Stadium Infrastructure Regulations.

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Umayyad Caliphate

The Umayyad Caliphate or Umayyad Empire (al-Khilāfa al-Umawiyya) was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty.

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UNESCO

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; pronounced) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture.

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Union for the Mediterranean

The Union for the Mediterranean (UfM; Union pour la Méditerranée, الإتحاد من أجل المتوسط Al-Ittiḥād min ajl al-Mutawasseṭ) is an intergovernmental organization of 43 member states from Europe and the Mediterranean Basin: the 27 EU member states (including those not on the Mediterranean) and 16 Mediterranean partner countries from North Africa, Western Asia and Southern Europe.

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Universal suffrage

Universal suffrage or universal franchise ensures the right to vote for as many people bound by a government's laws as possible, as supported by the "one person, one vote" principle.

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University of Barcelona

The University of Barcelona (official name in Universitat de Barcelona, UB) is a public research university located in the city of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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University Ramon Llull

University Ramon Llull (Universitat Ramon Llull, URL) is a private university located in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain established in 1990.

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Urban heat island

Urban areas usually experience the urban heat island (UHI) effect, that is, they are significantly warmer than surrounding rural areas.

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Urban park

An urban park or metropolitan park, also known as a city park, municipal park (North America), public park, public open space, or municipal gardens (UK), is a park or botanical garden in cities, densely populated suburbia and other incorporated places that offers green space and places for recreation to residents and visitors.

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Urban planning

Urban planning, also known as town planning, city planning, regional planning, or rural planning in specific contexts, is a technical and political process that is focused on the development and design of land use and the built environment, including air, water, and the infrastructure passing into and out of urban areas, such as transportation, communications, and distribution networks, and their accessibility.

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Urban planning of Barcelona

The urban planning of Barcelona developed in accordance with the historical and territorial changes of the city, and in line with other defining factors of public space, such as architecture, urban infrastructure and the adaptation and maintenance of natural spaces, parks and gardens.

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Urban renewal

Urban renewal (also called urban regeneration in the United Kingdom and urban redevelopment in the United States) is a program of land redevelopment often used to address urban decay in cities.

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Urdu

Urdu (اُردُو) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in South Asia.

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Valencia

Valencia (officially in Valencian: València) is the capital of the province and autonomous community of the same name in Spain. Barcelona and Valencia are Coloniae (Roman), Mediterranean port cities and towns in Spain and roman sites in Spain.

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Vallvidrera Funicular

The Vallvidrera Funicular (Catalan and Spanish: Funicular de Vallvidrera) is a funicular railway in the Barcelona district of Sarrià-Sant Gervasi, in Catalonia, Spain.

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Valparaíso

Valparaíso is a major city, commune, seaport and naval base facility in Valparaíso Region, Chile.

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Venetian Towers

The Venetian Towers (in Catalan: Torres Venecianes) is the popular name for a pair of towers on Avinguda de la Reina Maria Cristina at its junction with Plaça d'Espanya in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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VilaWeb

VilaWeb is a Catalan-language web portal and daily news outlet, founded in May 1995 by the journalists Vicent Partal and Assumpció Maresma.

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Visigoths

The Visigoths (Visigothi, Wisigothi, Vesi, Visi, Wesi, Wisi) were a Germanic people united under the rule of a king and living within the Roman Empire during late antiquity.

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Vueling

Vueling S.A. is a Spanish low-cost airline based at Viladecans in Greater Barcelona with hubs at Barcelona–El Prat Airport (main), Paris-Orly Airport in Paris, France, Amsterdam Schiphol Airport in Amsterdam, The Netherlands and Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport in Rome, Italy (secondary).

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Welfare

Welfare, or commonly social welfare, is a type of government support intended to ensure that members of a society can meet basic human needs such as food and shelter.

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World Heritage Site

World Heritage Sites are landmarks and areas with legal protection by an international convention administered by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, or scientific significance.

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World Trade Center Barcelona

World Trade Center Barcelona is a business park located in Barcelona, opened on 22 July 1999.

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World Urban Forum

The World Urban Forum (WUF) is the world’s premier conference on urban issues.

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Zona Franca (Barcelona)

Zona Franca (also called in Polígon Industrial de la Zona Franca) is a logistics and industrial area located in the Sants-Montjuïc district of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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1888 Barcelona Universal Exposition

The 1888 Barcelona Universal Exposition (in Catalan: Exposició Universal de Barcelona and Exposición Universal de Barcelona in Spanish) was Spain's first International World's Fair and ran from 8 April to 9 December 1888.

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1929 Barcelona International Exposition

The 1929 Barcelona International Exposition (also 1929 Barcelona Universal Exposition, or Expo 1929, officially in Spanish: Exposición Internacional de Barcelona 1929 was the second World Fair to be held in Barcelona, the first one being in 1888. It took place from 20 May 1929 to 15 January 1930 in Barcelona, Spain.

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1982 FIFA World Cup

The 1982 FIFA World Cup was the 12th FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial football tournament for men's senior national teams, and was played in Spain from 13 June to 11 July 1982.

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1992 Summer Olympics

The 1992 Summer Olympics (Juegos Olímpicos de Verano de 1992, Jocs Olímpics d'estiu de 1992), officially the Games of the XXV Olympiad (Juegos de la XXV Olimpiada, Jocs de la XXV Olimpíada) and officially branded as Barcelona '92, were an international multi-sport event held from 25 July to 9 August 1992 in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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20 minutos

20 minutos is a Spanish free newspaper, with local editions in several Spanish cities, published by Multiprensa & Mas S.L.

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2004 Universal Forum of Cultures

The 2004 Universal Forum of Cultures - (Fòrum Universal de les Cultures, Fórum Universal de las Culturas) was a 141-day international event that took place in the Centre de Convencions Internacional de Barcelona (CCIB) and its surrounding venues, Barcelona, Spain from May 9 to September 26, 2004, and was the first edition of the Universal Forum of Cultures.

See Barcelona and 2004 Universal Forum of Cultures

2013 World Aquatics Championships

The 15th FINA World Championships (Campionat Mundial de Natació de 2013, Campeonato Mundial de Natación de 2013) were held from 20 July to 4 August in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

See Barcelona and 2013 World Aquatics Championships

2017 Barcelona attacks

On the afternoon of 17 August 2017, 22-year-old Younes Abouyaaqoub drove a van into pedestrians on La Rambla street in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain killing 13 people and injuring at least 130 others, one of whom died 10 days later on 27 August.

See Barcelona and 2017 Barcelona attacks

2017–2018 Spanish constitutional crisis

A constitutional crisis took place in Spain from 2017 to 2018 as the result of a political conflict between the Government of Spain and the Generalitat de Catalunya under the then-President Carles Puigdemont —the government of the autonomous community of Catalonia until 28 October 2017— over the issue of Catalan independence.

See Barcelona and 2017–2018 Spanish constitutional crisis

2019–2020 Catalan protests

The sentencing of nine Catalan independence leaders in a 2019 trial by the Supreme Court of Spain triggered protests in Catalonia.

See Barcelona and 2019–2020 Catalan protests

See also

1st-century BC establishments in Spain

Establishments in Spain in the Roman era

Mediterranean port cities and towns in Spain

Populated places established in the 1st century BC

Populated places in Barcelonès

Roman sites in Spain

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barcelona

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