Bureaucracy, the Glossary
Bureaucracy is a system of organization where decisions are made by a body of non-elected officials.[1]
Table of Contents
160 relations: Absolute monarchy, Adhocracy, Age of Enlightenment, Anarchy, Ancien régime, Ancient Egypt, Aq Qoyunlu, Arabs, Asante Empire, Austria, Authoritarianism, Authority, Autocracy, Boyar, Bryn Mawr College, Bureaucracy (book), Bureaucrat, Byzantine bureaucracy and aristocracy, Byzantine Empire, Catherine the Great, Centralisation, China, Chinese classics, Civil service, Civil Service (United Kingdom), Clay tablet, Command hierarchy, Confucianism, Confucius, Conservatism, Corporate capitalism, Corporation, Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right, Decentralization, Democratization, Despotism, Diocletian, Divan, Eastern Bloc, Eastern Orthodox Church, Economy and Society, Efficiency, Elements of the Philosophy of Right, Elliott Jaques, Emergence, Emperor Wen of Han, Emperor Wu of Han, English language, Epithet, Equal opportunity, ... Expand index (110 more) »
- Bureaucratic organization
- Max Weber
Absolute monarchy
Absolute monarchy is a form of monarchy in which the sovereign is the sole source of political power, unconstrained by constitutions, legislatures or other checks on their authority.
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Adhocracy
Adhocracy is a flexible, adaptable and informal form of organization that is defined by a lack of formal structure that employs specialized multidisciplinary teams grouped by functions.
Age of Enlightenment
The Age of Enlightenment (also the Age of Reason and the Enlightenment) was the intellectual and philosophical movement that occurred in Europe in the 17th and the 18th centuries.
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Anarchy
Anarchy is a form of society without rulers.
Ancien régime
The ancien régime was the political and social system of the Kingdom of France that the French Revolution overturned through its abolition in 1790 of the feudal system of the French nobility and in 1792 through its execution of the king and declaration of a republic.
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Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeast Africa.
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Aq Qoyunlu
The Aq Qoyunlu or the White Sheep Turkomans (Ağqoyunlular) was a culturally Persianate,Kaushik Roy, Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400–1750, (Bloomsbury, 2014), 38; "Post-Mongol Persia and Iraq were ruled by two tribal confederations: Akkoyunlu (White Sheep) (1378–1507) and Qaraoyunlu (Black Sheep).
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Arabs
The Arabs (عَرَب, DIN 31635:, Arabic pronunciation), also known as the Arab people (الشَّعْبَ الْعَرَبِيّ), are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa.
Asante Empire
The Ashanti Empire (Asante Twi: Asanteman), sometimes called the Asante Empire, was an Akan state that lasted from 1701 to 1901, in what is now modern-day Ghana.
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Austria
Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps.
Authoritarianism is a political system characterized by the rejection of political plurality, the use of strong central power to preserve the political status quo, and reductions in democracy, separation of powers, civil liberties, and the rule of law.
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Authority
Authority is commonly understood as the legitimate power of a person or group over other people. Bureaucracy and Authority are philosophy of law.
Autocracy
Autocracy is a system of government in which absolute power is held by the ruler, known as an autocrat.
Boyar
A boyar or bolyar was a member of the highest rank of the feudal nobility in many Eastern European states, including Bulgaria, Kievan Rus' (and later Russia), Moldavia and Wallachia (and later Romania), Lithuania and among Baltic Germans.
Bryn Mawr College
Bryn Mawr College (Welsh) is a private women's liberal arts college in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania.
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Bureaucracy (book)
Bureaucracy is a political book written by Austrian School economist and libertarian thinker Ludwig von Mises.
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Bureaucrat
A bureaucrat is a member of a bureaucracy and can compose the administration of any organization of any size, although the term usually connotes someone within an institution of government. Bureaucracy and bureaucrat are bureaucratic organization.
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Byzantine bureaucracy and aristocracy
Throughout the fifth century, Hellenistic political systems, philosophies, and theocratic Christian-Eastern concepts had gained power in the eastern Greek-speaking Mediterranean due to the intervention of important religious figures there such as Eusebius of Caesarea and Origen of Alexandria who had been key to developing the constant Christianized worldview of late antiquity. Bureaucracy and Byzantine bureaucracy and aristocracy are bureaucratic organization.
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Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.
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Catherine the Great
Catherine II (born Princess Sophie Augusta Frederica von Anhalt-Zerbst; 2 May 172917 November 1796), most commonly known as Catherine the Great, was the reigning empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796.
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Centralisation
Centralisation or centralization (see spelling differences) is the process by which the activities of an entity or organization, particularly those regarding planning, decision-making and control of strategies and policies, become concentrated within a particular group, sector, department or region within that entity or organization. Bureaucracy and Centralisation are organizational theory.
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China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia.
Chinese classics
The Chinese classics or canonical texts are the works of Chinese literature authored prior to the establishment of the imperial Qin dynasty in 221 BC.
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Civil service
The civil service is a collective term for a sector of government composed mainly of career civil service personnel hired rather than elected, whose institutional tenure typically survives transitions of political leadership. Bureaucracy and civil service are bureaucratic organization.
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Civil Service (United Kingdom)
In the United Kingdom, the Civil Service is the permanent bureaucracy or secretariat of Crown employees that supports His Majesty's Government, which is led by a cabinet of ministers chosen by the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
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Clay tablet
In the Ancient Near East, clay tablets (Akkadian 𒁾) were used as a writing medium, especially for writing in cuneiform, throughout the Bronze Age and well into the Iron Age.
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Command hierarchy
A command hierarchy is a group of people who carry out orders based on others' authority within the group.
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Confucianism
Confucianism, also known as Ruism or Ru classicism, is a system of thought and behavior originating in ancient China, and is variously described as a tradition, philosophy (humanistic or rationalistic), religion, theory of government, or way of life.
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Confucius
Confucius (孔子; pinyin), born Kong Qiu (孔丘), was a Chinese philosopher of the Spring and Autumn period who is traditionally considered the paragon of Chinese sages, as well as the first teacher in China to advocate for mass education.
Conservatism
Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy and ideology that seeks to promote and preserve traditional institutions, customs, and values.
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Corporate capitalism
In social science and economics, corporate capitalism is a capitalist marketplace characterized by the dominance of hierarchical and bureaucratic corporations.
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Corporation
A corporation is an organization—usually a group of people or a company—authorized by the state to act as a single entity (a legal entity recognized by private and public law as "born out of statute"; a legal person in a legal context) and recognized as such in law for certain purposes.
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Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right
Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right (Zur Kritik der Hegelschen Rechtsphilosophie) is a manuscript written by the German political philosopher Karl Marx in 1843 but unpublished during his lifetimeexcept for the introduction, published in Deutsch–Französische Jahrbücher in 1844.
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Decentralization
Decentralization or decentralisation is the process by which the activities of an organization, particularly those regarding planning and decision-making, are distributed or delegated away from a central, authoritative location or group and given to smaller factions within it. Bureaucracy and Decentralization are organizational theory.
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Democratization
Democratization, or democratisation, is the structural government transition from an authoritarian government to a more democratic political regime, including substantive political changes moving in a democratic direction.
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Despotism
In political science, despotism (despotismós) is a form of government in which a single entity rules with absolute power.
Diocletian
Diocletian (Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus, Diokletianós; 242/245 – 311/312), nicknamed Jovius, was Roman emperor from 284 until his abdication in 305.
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Divan
A divan or diwan (دیوان, dīvān; from Sumerian dub, clay tablet) was a high government ministry in various Islamic states, or its chief official (see dewan).
Eastern Bloc
The Eastern Bloc, also known as the Communist Bloc (Combloc), the Socialist Bloc, and the Soviet Bloc, was the unofficial coalition of communist states of Central and Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa, and Latin America that were aligned with the Soviet Union and existed during the Cold War (1947–1991).
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Eastern Orthodox Church
The Eastern Orthodox Church, officially the Orthodox Catholic Church, and also called the Greek Orthodox Church or simply the Orthodox Church, is the second-largest Christian church, with approximately 230 million baptised members.
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Economy and Society
Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive Sociology (1921;; or simply Economy and Society) is a book by political economist and sociologist Max Weber, published posthumously in Germany by his wife Marianne.
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Efficiency
Efficiency is the often measurable ability to avoid making mistakes or wasting materials, energy, efforts, money, and time while performing a task.
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Elements of the Philosophy of Right
Elements of the Philosophy of Right (Grundlinien der Philosophie des Rechts) is a work by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel published in 1820, though the book's original title page dates it to 1821. Bureaucracy and Elements of the Philosophy of Right are philosophy of law.
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Elliott Jaques
Elliott Jaques (January 18, 1917 – March 8, 2003) was a Canadian psychoanalyst, social scientist and management consultant known as the originator of concepts such as corporate culture, midlife crisis, fair pay, maturation curves, time span of discretion (level of work) and requisite organization, as a total system of managerial organization.
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Emergence
In philosophy, systems theory, science, and art, emergence occurs when a complex entity has properties or behaviors that its parts do not have on their own, and emerge only when they interact in a wider whole.
Emperor Wen of Han
Emperor Wen of Han (203/02 – 6 July 157 BC), personal name Liu Heng (劉恆), was the fifth emperor of the Han dynasty from 180 until his death in 157 BC.
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Emperor Wu of Han
Emperor Wu of Han (156 – 29 March 87BC), born Liu Che and courtesy name Tong, was the seventh emperor of the Han dynasty from 141 to 87 BC. His reign lasted 54 years – a record not broken until the reign of the Kangxi Emperor more than 1,800 years later – and remains the record for ethnic Han emperors.
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English language
English is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, whose speakers, called Anglophones, originated in early medieval England on the island of Great Britain.
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Epithet
An epithet, also a byname, is a descriptive term (word or phrase) commonly accompanying or occurring in place of the name of a real or fictitious person, place, or thing.
Equal opportunity
Equal opportunity is a state of fairness in which individuals are treated similarly, unhampered by artificial barriers, prejudices, or preferences, except when particular distinctions can be explicitly justified.
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Europe
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.
Exchequer
In the civil service of the United Kingdom, His Majesty's Exchequer, or just the Exchequer, is the accounting process of central government and the government's current account (i.e., money held from taxation and other government revenues) in the Consolidated Fund.
Farm (revenue leasing)
Farming or tax-farming is a technique of financial management in which the management of a variable revenue stream is assigned by legal contract to a third party and the holder of the revenue stream receives fixed periodic rents from the contractor.
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François Quesnay
François Quesnay (4 June 1694 – 16 December 1774) was a French economist and physician of the Physiocratic school.
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France
France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe.
French language
French (français,, or langue française,, or by some speakers) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.
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Friedrich Melchior, Baron von Grimm
Friedrich Melchior, Baron von Grimm (26 September 172319 December 1807) was a German-born French-language journalist, art critic, diplomat and contributor to the Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers.
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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (27 August 1770 – 14 November 1831) was a German philosopher and one of the most influential figures of German idealism and 19th-century philosophy.
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George Ritzer
George Ritzer (born October 14, 1940) is an American sociologist, professor, and author who has mainly studied globalization, metatheory, patterns of consumption, and modern/postmodern social theory.
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Guangzhou
Guangzhou, previously romanized as Canton or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of Guangdong province in southern China.
Han dynasty
The Han dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China (202 BC9 AD, 25–220 AD) established by Liu Bang and ruled by the House of Liu.
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Hierarchical organization
A hierarchical organization or hierarchical organisation (see spelling differences) is an organizational structure where every entity in the organization, except one, is subordinate to a single other entity. Bureaucracy and hierarchical organization are bureaucratic organization.
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History of China
The history of China spans several millennia across a wide geographical area.
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Ideal type
Ideal type (Idealtypus), also known as pure type, is a typological term most closely associated with the sociologist Max Weber (1864–1920). Bureaucracy and Ideal type are max Weber.
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Imperial examination
The imperial examination was a civil service examination system in Imperial China administered for the purpose of selecting candidates for the state bureaucracy.
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Individualism
Individualism is the moral stance, political philosophy, ideology, and social outlook that emphasizes the intrinsic worth of the individual.
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Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution, sometimes divided into the First Industrial Revolution and Second Industrial Revolution, was a period of global transition of the human economy towards more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes that succeeded the Agricultural Revolution.
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Information and communications technology
Information and communications technology (ICT) is an extensional term for information technology (IT) that stresses the role of unified communications and the integration of telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals) and computers, as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage and audiovisual, that enable users to access, store, transmit, understand and manipulate information.
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Iron cage
In sociology, the iron cage is a concept introduced by Max Weber to describe the increased rationalization inherent in social life, particularly in Western capitalist societies. Bureaucracy and iron cage are max Weber.
Ivor Wilks
Professor Emeritus Ivor G. Wilks (19 July 1928 – 7 October 2014), Starr FM.
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Jack Welch
John Francis Welch Jr. (November 19, 1935 – March 1, 2020) was an American business executive, chemical engineer, and writer.
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Jacques Claude Marie Vincent de Gournay
Jacques Claude Marie Vincent de Gournay (28 May 1712, Saint-Malo – 27 June 1759, Cádiz), was a French economist, who became an intendant of commerce.
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James Palais
James B. Palais (1934–2006) was an American historian, Koreanist, and writer.
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John Mearsheimer
John Joseph Mearsheimer (born December 14, 1947) is an American political scientist and international relations scholar.
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John Stuart Mill
John Stuart Mill (20 May 1806 – 7 May 1873) was an English philosopher, political economist, politician and civil servant.
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Jos C.N. Raadschelders
Jos C.N. Raadschelders is a scholar of public administration.
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Judicial system of the Russian Empire
The judicial system of the Russian Empire was established as part of the system of government reforms of Peter the Great.
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Jurisdiction
Jurisdiction (from Latin juris 'law' + dictio 'speech' or 'declaration') is the legal term for the legal authority granted to a legal entity to enact justice.
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Karl Marx
Karl Marx (5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German-born philosopher, political theorist, economist, historian, sociologist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist.
Kumasi
Kumasi (historically spelled Comassie or Coomassie, usually spelled Kumase in Twi language) is a city in the Ashanti Region, and is among the largest metropolitan areas in Ghana.
Lactantius
Lucius Caecilius Firmianus, signo Lactantius (c. 250 – c. 325), was an early Christian author who became an advisor to Roman emperor Constantine I, guiding his Christian religious policy in its initial stages of emergence, and a tutor to his son Crispus.
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Laterculus Veronensis
The Laterculus Veronensis or Verona List is a list of Roman provinces and barbarian peoples from the time of the emperors Diocletian and Constantine I, most likely from AD 314.
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Legalism (Chinese philosophy)
Fajia, or the School of fa (laws,methods), often translated as Legalism, is a school of mainly Warring States period classical Chinese philosophy, whose ideas contributed greatly to the formation of the bureaucratic Chinese empire, and Daoism as prominent in the early Han.
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Legitimacy (political)
In political science, legitimacy is the right and acceptance of an authority, usually a governing law or a regime.
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Leon Trotsky
Lev Davidovich Bronstein (– 21 August 1940), better known as Leon Trotsky, was a Russian revolutionary, Soviet politician, and political theorist.
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Li (Confucianism)
In traditional Confucian philosophy, is an ethical concept broadly translatable as 'rite'.
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Liberal democracy
Liberal democracy, western-style democracy, or substantive democracy is a form of government that combines the organization of a representative democracy with ideas of liberal political philosophy.
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List of rulers of Asante
The Asantehene is the title for the monarch of the historical Ashanti Empire as well as the ceremonial ruler of the Ashanti people today.
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List of Russian monarchs
This is a list of all reigning monarchs in the history of Russia.
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Louis XIV
LouisXIV (Louis-Dieudonné; 5 September 16381 September 1715), also known as Louis the Great or the Sun King, was King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715.
Ludwig von Mises
Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (29 September 1881 – 10 October 1973) was an Austrian–American Austrian School economist, historian, logician, and sociologist.
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Machinery of government
The machinery of government (sometimes abbreviated as MoG) is the interconnected structures and processes of government, such as the functions and accountability of departments in the executive branch of government.
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Management
Management (or managing) is the administration of organizations, whether they are a business, a nonprofit organization, or a government body through business administration, nonprofit management, or the political science sub-field of public administration respectively.
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Margaret Thatcher
Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher, (13 October 19258 April 2013) was a British stateswoman and Conservative politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990.
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Max Weber
Maximilian Karl Emil Weber (21 April 186414 June 1920) was a German sociologist, historian, jurist, and political economist who was one of the central figures in the development of sociology and the social sciences more generally.
Meritocracy
Meritocracy (merit, from Latin mereō, and -cracy, from Ancient Greek κράτος 'strength, power') is the notion of a political system in which economic goods or political power are vested in individual people based on ability and talent, rather than wealth, social class, or race.
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Michel Crozier
Michel Crozier (6 November 1922, Sainte-Menehould, Marne – 24 May 2013, Paris) was a French sociologist and member of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques from 1999 until his death.
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Military history of Russia
The military history of Russia has antecedents involving Kievan Rus' and the Rus' principalities that succeeded it, the Mongol invasion of the early 13th century, Russia's numerous wars against Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Sweden, and Ottoman Empire, Prussia (Seven Years' War), France (especially the Napoleonic Wars and the Crimean War).
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Ministry (government department)
Ministry or department (also less commonly used secretariat, office, or directorate) are designations used by first-level executive bodies in the machinery of governments that manage a specific sector of public administration.
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Monarchy
A monarchy is a form of government in which a person, the monarch, is head of state for life or until abdication.
Monetary economics
Monetary economics is the branch of economics that studies the different theories of money: it provides a framework for analyzing money and considers its functions (such as medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account), and it considers how money can gain acceptance purely because of its convenience as a public good.
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Muhammad
Muhammad (570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam.
Napoleon
Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led a series of successful campaigns across Europe during the Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars from 1796 to 1815.
Napoleonic Code
The Napoleonic Code, officially the Civil Code of the French (simply referred to as Code civil), is the French civil code established during the French Consulate in 1804 and still in force in France, although heavily and frequently amended since its inception.
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Nazism
Nazism, formally National Socialism (NS; Nationalsozialismus), is the far-right totalitarian socio-political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Germany.
Netherlands
The Netherlands, informally Holland, is a country located in Northwestern Europe with overseas territories in the Caribbean.
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Nomenklatura
The nomenklatura (a; from nomenclatura, system of names) were a category of people within the Soviet Union and other Eastern Bloc countries who held various key administrative positions in the bureaucracy, running all spheres of those countries' activity: government, industry, agriculture, education, etc., whose positions were granted only with approval by the communist party of each country or region.
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Nonprofit organization
A nonprofit organization (NPO), also known as a nonbusiness entity, nonprofit institution, or simply a nonprofit (using the adjective as a noun), is a legal entity organized and operated for a collective, public or social benefit, as opposed to an entity that operates as a business aiming to generate a profit for its owners.
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Northcote–Trevelyan Report
The Northcote-Trevelyan Report was a document prepared by Stafford H. Northcote (later to be Chancellor of the Exchequer) and C.E. Trevelyan (then Permanent Secretary at the Treasury) about the British Civil Service.
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Organization
An organization or organisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences), is an entity—such as a company, an institution (formal organization), or an association—comprising one or more people and having a particular purpose.
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Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.
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Outline of organizational theory
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to organizational theory: Organizational theory – the interdisciplinary study of social organizations. Bureaucracy and outline of organizational theory are organizational theory.
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Patricia Buckley Ebrey
Patricia Buckley Ebrey (born March 7, 1947) is an American art historian and sinologist specializing in cultural and gender issues during the Chinese Song Dynasty.
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Power (social and political)
In political science, power is the social production of an effect that determines the capacities, actions, beliefs, or conduct of actors.
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Prikaz
A prikaz (прика́з;, plural) was an administrative, judicial, territorial, or executive office functioning on behalf of palace, civil, military, or church authorities in the Grand Duchy of Moscow and the Tsardom of Russia from the 15th to the 18th centuries.
Proconsul
A proconsul was an official of ancient Rome who acted on behalf of a consul.
Professional association
A professional association (also called a professional body, professional organization, or professional society) is a group that usually seeks to further a particular profession, the interests of individuals and organisations engaged in that profession, and the public interest.
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Province
A province is an administrative division within a country or state.
Public administration
Public administration, or public policy and administration refers to "the management of public programs", or the "translation of politics into the reality that citizens see every day",Kettl, Donald and James Fessler. Bureaucracy and public administration are government.
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Qin dynasty
The Qin dynasty was the first dynasty of Imperial China.
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Qing dynasty
The Qing dynasty, officially the Great Qing, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last imperial dynasty in Chinese history.
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Rational-legal authority
Rational-legal authority (also known as rational authority, legal authority, rational domination, legal domination, or bureaucratic authority) is a form of leadership in which the authority of an organization or a ruling regime is largely tied to legal rationality, legal legitimacy and bureaucracy. Bureaucracy and rational-legal authority are management theory and max Weber.
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Rationalization (sociology)
In sociology, the term rationalization was coined by Max Weber, a German sociologist, jurist, and economist. Bureaucracy and rationalization (sociology) are max Weber.
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Red tape
Red tape is an idiom referring to regulations or conformity to formal rules or standards which are claimed to be excessive, rigid or redundant, or to bureaucracy claimed to hinder or prevent action or decision-making. Bureaucracy and red tape are bureaucratic organization.
Requisite organization
Requisite organization (RO) is a term and methodology developed by Elliott Jaques and Kathryn Cason as a result of the research in stratified systems theory, general theory of bureaucracy, work complexity and human capability over 60 years. Bureaucracy and Requisite organization are organizational theory.
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Robert K. Merton
Robert King Merton (born Meyer Robert Schkolnick; July 4, 1910 – February 25, 2003) was an American sociologist who is considered a founding father of modern sociology, and a major contributor to the subfield of criminology.
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Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.
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Ronald Reagan
Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911June 5, 2004) was an American politician and actor who served as the 40th president of the United States from 1981 to 1989.
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Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a vast empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its proclamation in November 1721 until its dissolution in March 1917.
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Russian Orthodox Church
The Russian Orthodox Church (ROC; Russkaya pravoslavnaya tserkov', abbreviated as РПЦ), alternatively legally known as the Moscow Patriarchate (Moskovskiy patriarkhat), is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Christian church.
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Safavid Iran
Safavid Iran, Safavid Persia or the Safavid Empire,, officially known as the Guarded Domains of Iran, was one of the largest and long-standing Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty.
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Sayyid
Sayyid (سيد;; meaning 'sir', 'Lord', 'Master'; Arabic plural: سادة; feminine: سيدة) is an honorific title of Hasanids and Husaynids Muslims, recognized as descendants of the Arab companion Ali through his sons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali.
Scribe
A scribe is a person who serves as a professional copyist, especially one who made copies of manuscripts before the invention of automatic printing.
Separation of powers
The separation of powers principle functionally differentiates several types of state power (usually law-making, adjudication, and execution) and requires these operations of government to be conceptually and institutionally distinguishable and articulated, thereby maintaining the integrity of each. Bureaucracy and separation of powers are philosophy of law.
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A social club may be a group of people or the place where they meet, generally formed around a common interest, occupation or activity.
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Song dynasty
The Song dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 960 to 1279.
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Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.
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Standardized test
A standardized test is a test that is administered and scored in a consistent, or "standard", manner.
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State (polity)
A state is a political entity that regulates society and the population within a territory.
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Sui dynasty
The Sui dynasty was a short-lived Chinese imperial dynasty that ruled from 581 to 618.
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Sumer
Sumer is the earliest known civilization, located in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (now south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the sixth and fifth millennium BC.
Sydney, Lady Morgan
Sydney, Lady Morgan (née Owenson; 25 December 1781? – 14 April 1859), was an Irish novelist, best known for The Wild Irish Girl (1806), a romantic, and some critics suggest, "proto-feminist", novel with political and patriotic overtones.
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Tang dynasty
The Tang dynasty (唐朝), or the Tang Empire, was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907, with an interregnum between 690 and 705.
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Technocracy
Technocracy is a form of government in which the decision-makers are selected based on their expertise in a given area of responsibility, particularly with regard to scientific or technical knowledge.
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The Man in the Gray Flannel Suit
The Man in the Gray Flannel Suit is a 1956 American drama film starring Gregory Peck and Jennifer Jones, with Fredric March, Lee J. Cobb, Keenan Wynn and Marisa Pavan in support.
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The Organization Man
The Organization Man is a book by William H. Whyte, originally published by Simon & Schuster in 1956.
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The Revolution Betrayed
The Revolution Betrayed: What is the Soviet Union and Where is it Going? (Преданная революция: Что такое СССР и куда он идет?) is a book published in 1936 by the exiled Soviet leader Leon Trotsky.
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The Study of Administration
"The Study of Administration" is an 1887 article by Woodrow Wilson in Political Science Quarterly.
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Thomas Taylor Meadows
Thomas Taylor Meadows (1815–1868) was a British sinologist.
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Time of Troubles
The Time of Troubles (Smutnoye vremya), also known as Smuta (troubles), was a period of political crisis in Russia which began in 1598 with the death of Feodor I, the last of the House of Rurik, and ended in 1613 with the accession of Michael I of the House of Romanov.
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Transport
Transport (in British English) or transportation (in American English) is the intentional movement of humans, animals, and goods from one location to another.
Tsardom of Russia
The Tsardom of Russia, also known as the Tsardom of Muscovy, was the centralized Russian state from the assumption of the title of tsar by Ivan IV in 1547 until the foundation of the Russian Empire by Peter the Great in 1721. From 1550 to 1700, Russia grew by an average of per year. The period includes the upheavals of the transition from the Rurik to the Romanov dynasties, wars with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Sweden, and the Ottoman Empire, and the Russian conquest of Siberia, to the reign of Peter the Great, who took power in 1689 and transformed the tsardom into an empire.
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Tsarist bureaucracy
The Tsarist bureaucracy, alongside the military, the judiciary and the Russian Orthodox Church, played a major role in solidifying and maintaining the rule of the Tsars in the Tsardom of Russia (1547–1721) and in the Russian Empire (1721–1917).
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Ulama
In Islam, the ulama (the learned ones; singular ʿālim; feminine singular alimah; plural aalimath), also spelled ulema, are scholars of Islamic doctrine and law.
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of the continental mainland.
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Uzun Hasan
Uzun Hasan or Uzun Hassan (اوزون حسن; اوزون حسن; where uzun means "tall" in Oghuz Turkic; 1423 – January 6, 1478) was a ruler of the Turkoman Aq Qoyunlu state and is generally considered to be its strongest ruler.
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Voltaire
François-Marie Arouet (21 November 169430 May 1778), known by his nom de plume M. de Voltaire (also), was a French Enlightenment writer, philosopher (philosophe), satirist, and historian.
Western culture
Western culture, also known as Western civilization, European civilization, Occidental culture, or Western society, includes the diverse heritages of social norms, ethical values, traditional customs, belief systems, political systems, artifacts and technologies of the Western world.
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Woodrow Wilson
Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856February 3, 1924) was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th president of the United States from 1913 to 1921.
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Xiaolian
Xiaolian (literally "filial and incorrupt"), was the standard of nominating civil officers started by Emperor Wu of Han in 134 BC.
See also
Bureaucratic organization
- Administrative history
- Apparatus of the Government of Russia
- Bureaucracy
- Bureaucrat
- Bureaucratic drift
- Bureaucratic inertia
- Byzantine bureaucracy and aristocracy
- Civil service
- Ex officio member
- Government of the Inca Empire
- Hierarchical organization
- Licence Raj
- New class
- Official communications in imperial China
- Organizational economics
- Red tape
- Representative bureaucracy
Max Weber
- Alfred Weber
- Axiological neutrality
- Bureaucracy
- Charisma
- Charismatic authority
- Disenchantment
- Guenther Roth
- Ideal type
- Inner-worldly asceticism
- Interpretations of Max Weber's liberalism
- Iron cage
- Life chances
- Marianne Weber
- Max Weber
- Max Weber Sr.
- Max Weber and German politics
- Monopoly on violence
- Protestant work ethic
- Rational-legal authority
- Rationalization (sociology)
- Richard Münch (sociologist)
- Social action
- The Myth of Disenchantment
- Three-component theory of stratification
- Traditional authority
- Tripartite classification of authority
- Verstehen
- Werturteilsstreit
- Wolfgang Schluchter
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bureaucracy
Also known as Beaurocracy, Beureaucracy, Beurocracy, Birokrasi, Bureacracy, Bureauacracy, Bureaucracies, Bureaucratic, Bureaucratic despotism, Bureaucratisation, Bureaucratism, Bureaucratization, Bureaucratize, Bureaucratized, Bureucracy, Burocracy, Government bureaucracy, Weberian bureaucracy.
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