Chile & War of the Confederation - Unionpedia, the concept map

Argentina

Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America.

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Arica

Arica is a commune and a port city with a population of 222,619 in the Arica Province of northern Chile's Arica y Parinacota Region.

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Bolivia

Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in western-central South America.

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Caldera, Chile

Caldera is a port city and commune in the Copiapó Province of the Atacama Region in northern Chile.

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Callao

Callao is a Peruvian seaside city and region on the Pacific Ocean in the Lima metropolitan area.

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Chilean Army

The Chilean Army (Ejército de Chile) is the land arm of the Chilean Armed Forces.

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Chilean Civil War of 1829–1830

The Chilean Civil War of 1829–1830 (Guerra Civil de 1829–1830) was a civil war in Chile fought between conservative Pelucones and liberal Pipiolos forces over the constitutional regime in force.

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Chilean Navy

The Chilean Navy (Armada de Chile) is the naval warfare service branch of the Chilean Armed Forces.

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Diego Portales

Diego José Pedro Víctor Portales y Palazuelos (June 16, 1793 – June 6, 1837) was a Chilean statesman and entrepreneur.

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Great Britain

Great Britain (commonly shortened to Britain) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north-west coast of continental Europe, consisting of the countries England, Scotland and Wales.

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Guayaquil

Guayaquil (Wayakil), officially Santiago de Guayaquil, is the largest city in Ecuador and also the nation's economic capital and main port.

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Joaquín Prieto

Joaquín Prieto Vial (August 20, 1786 – November 22, 1854) was a Chilean military and political figure.

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Juan Fernández Islands

The Juan Fernández Islands (Archipiélago Juan Fernández) are a sparsely inhabited series of islands in the South Pacific Ocean reliant on tourism and fishing.

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Peru

Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a megadiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon River. Peru has a population of over 32 million, and its capital and largest city is Lima. At, Peru is the 19th largest country in the world, and the third largest in South America. Peruvian territory was home to several cultures during the ancient and medieval periods, and has one of the longest histories of civilization of any country, tracing its heritage back to the 10th millennium BCE. Notable pre-colonial cultures and civilizations include the Caral–Supe civilization (the earliest civilization in the Americas and considered one of the cradles of civilization), the Nazca culture, the Wari and Tiwanaku empires, the Kingdom of Cusco, and the Inca Empire, the largest known state in the pre-Columbian Americas. The Spanish Empire conquered the region in the 16th century and Charles V established a viceroyalty with the official name of the Kingdom of Peru that encompassed most of its South American territories, with its capital in Lima. Higher education started in the Americas with the official establishment of the National University of San Marcos in Lima in 1551. Peru formally proclaimed independence from Spain in 1821, following the military campaigns of Bernardo O'Higgins, José de San Martín and final Simón Bolívar, and the decisive battle of Ayacucho, Peru completed its independence in 1824. In the ensuing years, the country first suffered from political instability until a period of relative economic and political stability began due to the exploitation of guano that ended with the War of the Pacific (1879–1884). Throughout the 20th century, Peru grappled with political and social instability, including the internal conflict between the state and guerrilla groups, interspersed with periods of economic growth. Implementation of Plan Verde shifted Peru towards neoliberal economics under the authoritarian rule of Alberto Fujimori and Vladimiro Montesinos in the 1990s, with the former's political ideology of Fujimorism leaving a lasting imprint on the country's governance that continues to present day. The 2000s marked economic expansion and poverty reduction, but the subsequent decade revealed long-existing sociopolitical vulnerabilities, exacerbated by a political crisis instigated by Congress and the COVID-19 pandemic, precipitating the period of unrest beginning in 2022. The sovereign state of Peru is a representative democratic republic divided into 25 regions. Its main economic activities include mining, manufacturing, agriculture and fishing, along with other growing sectors such as telecommunications and biotechnology. The country forms part of The Pacific Pumas, a political and economic grouping of countries along Latin America's Pacific coast that share common trends of positive growth, stable macroeconomic foundations, improved governance and an openness to global integration. Peru ranks high in social freedom; it is an active member of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, the Pacific Alliance, the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership and the World Trade Organization; and is considered as a middle power. Peru's population includes Mestizos, Amerindians, Europeans, Africans and Asians. The main spoken language is Spanish, although a significant number of Peruvians speak Quechuan languages, Aymara, or other Indigenous languages. This mixture of cultural traditions has resulted in a wide diversity of expressions in fields such as art, cuisine, literature, and music.

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Peru–Bolivian Confederation

The Peru–Bolivian Confederation (Confederación Perú-Boliviana) was a short-lived state that existed in South America between 1836 and 1839.

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South America

South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere.

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Spanish language

Spanish (español) or Castilian (castellano) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin spoken on the Iberian Peninsula of Europe.

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Talcahuano

Talcahuano (From Mapudungun Tralkawenu, "Thundering Sky") is a port city and commune in the Biobío Region of Chile.

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Valparaíso

Valparaíso is a major city, commune, seaport and naval base facility in Valparaíso Region, Chile.

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War of the Confederation

The War of the Confederation (Guerra de la Confederación) was a military confrontation waged by the United Restoration Army, the alliance of the land and naval forces of Chile and the Restoration Army of Peru, formed in 1836 by Peruvian soldiers opposed to the confederation, and the Argentine Confederation against the Peru–Bolivian Confederation between 1836 and 1839.

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War of the Pacific

The War of the Pacific (Guerra del Pacífico), also known as the Nitrate War (Guerra del salitre) and by multiple other names, was a war between Chile and a Bolivian–Peruvian alliance from 1879 to 1884.

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