Daqin, the Glossary
Daqin (alternative transliterations include Tachin, Tai-Ch'in) is the ancient Chinese name for the Roman Empire or, depending on context, the Near East, especially Syria.[1]
Table of Contents
256 relations: Accusative case, Aden, Adult, Al-Hira, Al-Karak, Alexandria, Amber, Ammianus Marcellinus, An (Chinese surname), An Shigao, Ancient Rome, Annan (Tang protectorate), Antioch, Antoninus Pius, Arsaces I of Parthia, Asbestos, Aurelian, Aureus, Óc Eo, Babylonia, Bactrian language, Ban Chao, Beijing, Bethlehem, Book of Jin, Book of Liang, Book of the Later Han, Bukhara, Byzantine Empire, Byzantine medicine, Byzantine science, Byzantium, Caliphate, Cantonese, Capital punishment, Catholic Church, Cattigara, Chalcedony, Chang'an, Characene, Charax Spasinu, China–India relations, Chinese language, Chinese name, Christian name, Christianity in China, Church of the East, Cinnabar, Cistern, Climate of ancient Rome, ... Expand index (206 more) »
- China-Roman Empire relations
- Foreign relations of ancient Rome
- Historical Chinese exonyms
- History of Christianity in China
- History of the foreign relations of China
Accusative case
In grammar, the accusative case (abbreviated) of a noun is the grammatical case used to receive the direct object of a transitive verb.
Aden
Aden (Old South Arabian: 𐩲𐩵𐩬) is a port city located in Yemen in the southern part of the Arabian peninsula, positioned near the eastern approach to the Red Sea.
See Daqin and Aden
Adult
An adult is a human or other animal that has reached full growth.
See Daqin and Adult
Al-Hira
Al-Hira (translit Middle Persian: Hērt) was an ancient city in Mesopotamia located south of what is now Kufa in south-central Iraq.
Al-Karak
Al-Karak (الكرك) is a city in Jordan known for its medieval castle, the Kerak Castle.
Alexandria
Alexandria (الإسكندرية; Ἀλεξάνδρεια, Coptic: Ⲣⲁⲕⲟϯ - Rakoti or ⲁⲗⲉⲝⲁⲛⲇⲣⲓⲁ) is the second largest city in Egypt and the largest city on the Mediterranean coast.
Amber
Amber is fossilized tree resin.
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Ammianus Marcellinus
Ammianus Marcellinus, occasionally anglicised as Ammian (Greek: Αμμιανός Μαρκελλίνος; born, died 400), was a Roman soldier and historian who wrote the penultimate major historical account surviving from antiquity (preceding Procopius).
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An (Chinese surname)
The surname Ān is a Chinese surname which literally means "peace" or "tranquility".
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An Shigao
An Shigao (Korean: An Sego, Japanese: An Seikō, Vietnamese: An Thế Cao) (fl. c. 148-180 CE) was an early Buddhist missionary to China, and the earliest known translator of Indian Buddhist texts into Chinese.
Ancient Rome
In modern historiography, ancient Rome is the Roman civilisation from the founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD.
Annan (Tang protectorate)
Annan was an imperial protectorate and the southernmost administrative division of the Tang dynasty and Wu Zhou dynasty of China from 679 to 866, located in modern-day Vietnam.
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Antioch
Antioch on the Orontes (Antiókheia hē epì Oróntou)Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Ὀρόντου; or Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Δάφνῃ "Antioch on Daphne"; or Ἀντιόχεια ἡ Μεγάλη "Antioch the Great"; Antiochia ad Orontem; Անտիոք Antiokʽ; ܐܢܛܝܘܟܝܐ Anṭiokya; אנטיוכיה, Anṭiyokhya; أنطاكية, Anṭākiya; انطاکیه; Antakya.
Antoninus Pius
Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Pius (19 September AD 86 – 7 March 161) was Roman emperor from AD 138 to 161.
Arsaces I of Parthia
Arsaces I (from Ἀρσάκης; in 𐭀𐭓𐭔𐭊 Aršak) was the first king of Parthia, ruling from 247 BC to 217 BC, as well as the founder and eponym of the Arsacid dynasty of Parthia.
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Asbestos
Asbestos is a naturally occurring fibrous silicate mineral.
Aurelian
Aurelian (Lucius Domitius Aurelianus; 9 September 214 – November 275) was a Roman emperor who reigned from 270 to 275 during the Crisis of the Third Century.
Aureus
The aureus (aurei, 'golden', used as a noun) was a gold coin of ancient Rome originally valued at 25 pure silver denarii (sin. denarius).
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Óc Eo
Óc Eo (Vietnamese) is an archaeological site in modern-day Óc Eo commune of Thoại Sơn District in An Giang Province of southern Vietnam.
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Babylonia
Babylonia (𒆳𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠) was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in the city of Babylon in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq and parts of Syria and Iran).
Bactrian language
Bactrian (ariao, cat.
See Daqin and Bactrian language
Ban Chao
Ban Chao (32–102 CE), courtesy name Zhongsheng, was a Chinese diplomat, explorer, and military general of the Eastern Han dynasty.
Beijing
Beijing, previously romanized as Peking, is the capital of China.
Bethlehem
Bethlehem (بيت لحم,,; בֵּית לֶחֶם) is a city in the Israeli-occupied West Bank of the State of Palestine, located about south of Jerusalem.
Book of Jin
The Book of Jin is an official Chinese historical text covering the history of the Jin dynasty from 266 to 420.
Book of Liang
The Book of Liang was compiled under Yao Silian and completed in 635.
Book of the Later Han
The Book of the Later Han, also known as the History of the Later Han and by its Chinese name Hou Hanshu, is one of the Twenty-Four Histories and covers the history of the Han dynasty from 6 to 189 CE, a period known as the Later or Eastern Han.
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Bukhara
Bukhara (Uzbek; بخارا) is the seventh-largest city in Uzbekistan by population, with 280,187 residents.
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.
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Byzantine medicine
Byzantine medicine encompasses the common medical practices of the Byzantine Empire from c. 400 AD to 1453 AD.
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Byzantine science
Scientific scholarship during the Byzantine Empire played an important role in the transmission of classical knowledge to the Islamic world and to Renaissance Italy, and also in the transmission of Islamic science to Renaissance Italy.
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Byzantium
Byzantium or Byzantion (Βυζάντιον) was an ancient Thracian settlement and later a Greek city in classical antiquity that became known as Constantinople in late antiquity and which is known as Istanbul today.
Caliphate
A caliphate or khilāfah (خِلَافَةْ) is a monarchical form of government (initially elective, later absolute) that originated in the 7th century Arabia, whose political identity is based on a claim of succession to the Islamic State of Muhammad and the identification of a monarch called caliph (خَلِيفَةْ) as his heir and successor.
Cantonese
Cantonese is the traditional prestige variety of Yue Chinese, a Sinitic branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages originating from the city of Guangzhou (historically known as Canton) and its surrounding Pearl River Delta, with over 82.4 million native speakers.
Capital punishment
Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty and formerly called judicial homicide, is the state-sanctioned killing of a person as punishment for actual or supposed misconduct.
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Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.
Cattigara
Cattigara is the name of a major port city located on the Magnus Sinus described by various antiquity sources.
Chalcedony
Chalcedony is a cryptocrystalline form of silica, composed of very fine intergrowths of quartz and moganite.
Chang'an
Chang'an is the traditional name of Xi'an.
Characene
Characene (Ancient Greek: Χαρακηνή), also known as Mesene (Μεσσήνη) or Meshan, was a kingdom founded by the Iranian Hyspaosines located at the head of the Persian Gulf mostly within modern day Iraq.
Charax Spasinu
Charax Spasinu, also called Charax Spasinou, Charax Pasinu, Spasinu Charax (ΣπασίνουΧάραξ), Alexandria (Greek: Ἀλεξάνδρεια) or Antiochia in Susiana (Greek: Ἀντιόχεια τῆς Σουσιανῆς), was an ancient port at the head of the Persian Gulf in modern day Iraq, and the capital of the ancient kingdom of Characene.
China–India relations
China and India have historically maintained peaceful relations for thousands of years of recorded history, but the harmony of their relationship has varied in modern times, after the Chinese Communist Party's victory in the Chinese Civil War in 1949, and especially post the Annexation of Tibet by the People's Republic of China.
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Chinese language
Chinese is a group of languages spoken natively by the ethnic Han Chinese majority and many minority ethnic groups in China.
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Chinese name
Chinese names are personal names used by individuals from Greater China and other parts of the Sinophone world.
Christian name
A Christian name, sometimes referred to as a baptismal name, is a religious personal name given on the occasion of a Christian baptism, though now most often given by parents at birth.
Christianity in China
Christianity has been present in China since the early medieval period, and became a significant presence in the country during the early modern era.
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Church of the East
The Church of the East (''ʿĒḏtā d-Maḏenḥā''.) or the East Syriac Church, also called the Church of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, the Persian Church, the Assyrian Church, the Babylonian Church or the Nestorian Church, is one of three major branches of Nicene Eastern Christianity that arose from the Christological controversies of the 5th and 6th centuries, alongside the Miaphisite churches (which came to be known as the Oriental Orthodox Churches) and the Chalcedonian Church (whose Eastern branch would later become the Eastern Orthodox Church).
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Cinnabar
Cinnabar, or cinnabarite, also known as mercurblende is the bright scarlet to brick-red form of mercury(II) sulfide (HgS).
Cistern
A cistern is a space excavated in bedrock or soil designed for catching and storing water.
Climate of ancient Rome
The climate of ancient Rome varied throughout the existence of that civilization.
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Clothing in ancient Rome
Clothing in ancient Rome generally comprised a short-sleeved or sleeveless, knee-length tunic for men and boys, and a longer, usually sleeved tunic for women and girls.
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Constans II
Constans II (Kōnstas; 7 November 630 – 15 July 668), also called "the Bearded" (Pogonatus; ho Pōgōnãtos), was the Byzantine emperor from 641 to 668.
Constantinople
Constantinople (see other names) became the capital of the Roman Empire during the reign of Constantine the Great in 330.
Coral
Corals are colonial marine invertebrates within the class Anthozoa of the phylum Cnidaria.
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Counterfeit
To counterfeit means to imitate something authentic, with the intent to steal, destroy, or replace the original, for use in illegal transactions, or otherwise to deceive individuals into believing that the fake is of equal or greater value than the real product.
Culture of ancient Rome
The culture of ancient Rome existed throughout the almost 1,200-year history of the civilization of Ancient Rome.
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Damascus
Damascus (Dimašq) is the capital and largest city of Syria, the oldest current capital in the world and, according to some, the fourth holiest city in Islam.
Daqin Pagoda
The Daqin Pagoda is a Buddhist pagoda in Zhouzhi County of Xi'an (formerly Chang'an), Shaanxi Province, China, located about two kilometres to the west of Louguantai temple.
Dead Sea
The Dead Sea (al-Baḥr al-Mayyit, or label; Yām hamMelaḥ), also known by other names, is a landlocked salt lake bordered by Jordan to the east and the Israeli-occupied West Bank and Israel to the west.
Denarius
The denarius (dēnāriī) was the standard Roman silver coin from its introduction in the Second Punic War to the reign of Gordian III (AD 238–244), when it was gradually replaced by the antoninianus.
Early Muslim conquests
The early Muslim conquests or early Islamic conquests (translit), also known as the Arab conquests, were initiated in the 7th century by Muhammad, the founder of Islam.
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Eastern Han Chinese
Eastern Han Chinese (alternatively Later Han Chinese or Late Old Chinese) is the stage of the Chinese language attested in poetry and glosses from the Eastern Han period (1st–3rd centuries AD).
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Eastern Wu
Wu (Chinese: 吳; pinyin: Wú; Middle Chinese *ŋuo Schuessler, Axel. (2009) Minimal Old Chinese and Later Han Chinese. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i. p. 52), known in historiography as Eastern Wu or Sun Wu, was a dynastic state of China and one of the three major states that competed for supremacy over China in the Three Kingdoms period.
Economy of the Han dynasty
The economy of the Han dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD) of ancient China experienced upward and downward movements in its economic cycle, periods of economic prosperity and decline.
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Egypt
Egypt (مصر), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and the Sinai Peninsula in the southwest corner of Asia.
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Eilat
Eilat (אֵילַת; Īlāt) is Israel's southernmost city, with a population of, a busy port and popular resort at the northern tip of the Red Sea, on what is known in Israel as the Gulf of Eilat and in Jordan as the Gulf of Aqaba.
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Emil Bretschneider
Emil Bretschneider (in Bankaushof (now Benkavas muiža, Saldus novads, Latvia) – in Saint Petersburg) was a sinologist of Baltic German ethnicity and a correspondent member of the Académie française.
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Emperor Huan of Han
Emperor Huan of Han (132 – 25 January 168) was the 27th emperor of the Han dynasty after he was enthroned by the Empress Dowager and her brother Liang Ji on 1 August 146.
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Emperor of China
Throughout Chinese history, "Emperor" was the superlative title held by the monarchs who ruled various imperial dynasties or Chinese empires.
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Emperor Shenzong of Song
The Emperor Shenzong of Song (25 May 1048 – 1 April 1085), personal name Zhao Xu, was the sixth emperor of the Song dynasty of China.
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Emperor Taizong of Tang
Emperor Taizong of Tang (28January 59810July 649), previously Prince of Qin, personal name Li Shimin, was the second emperor of the Tang dynasty of China, ruling from 626 to 649.
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Emperor Wu of Jin
Emperor Wu of Jin (236 – 16 May 290), personal name Sima Yan, courtesy name Anshi (安世), was a grandson of Sima Yi, nephew of Sima Shi and son of Sima Zhao.
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Emperor Wuzong of Tang
Emperor Wuzong of Tang (July 2, 814 – April 22, 846), né Li Chan, later changed to Li Yan just before his death, was an emperor of the Tang dynasty of China, reigning from 840 to 846.
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Emperor Yang of Sui
Emperor Yang of Sui (隋煬帝, 569 – 11 April 618), personal name Yang Guang (楊廣), alternative name Ying (英), Xianbei name Amo (阿摩), was the second emperor of the Sui dynasty of China.
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Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD
Of the many eruptions of Mount Vesuvius, a major stratovolcano in Southern Italy, the best-known is its eruption in 79 AD, which was one of the deadliest in history.
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Euphrates
The Euphrates (see below) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia.
Eurasian Steppe
The Eurasian Steppe, also called the Great Steppe or The Steppes, is the vast steppe ecoregion of Eurasia in the temperate grasslands, savannas and shrublands biome.
Europeans in Medieval China
Given textual and archaeological evidence, it is thought that thousands of Europeans lived in Imperial China during the Yuan dynasty.
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Florus
Three main sets of works are attributed to Florus (a Roman cognomen): Virgilius orator an poeta, the Epitome of Roman History and a collection of 14 short poems (66 lines in all).
See Daqin and Florus
Fordham University
Fordham University is a private Jesuit research university in New York City.
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Foreign relations of imperial China
The foreign relations of Imperial China from the Qin dynasty until the Qing dynasty encompassed many situations as the fortunes of dynasties rose and fell. Daqin and foreign relations of imperial China are history of the foreign relations of China.
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Frances Wood
Frances Wood (born 1948) is an English librarian, sinologue and historian known for her writings on Chinese history, including Marco Polo, life in the Chinese treaty ports, and the First Emperor of China.
Friedrich Hirth
Friedrich Hirth Ph.D. (16 April 1845 in Gräfentonna, Saxe-Gotha – 10 January 1927 in Munich) was a German-American sinologist.
Funan
Funan (Hvunân,; Phù Nam, Chữ Hán: 夫南) was the name given by Chinese cartographers, geographers and writers to an ancient Indianized state—or, rather a loose network of states (Mandala)—located in mainland Southeast Asia covering parts of present-day Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam that existed from the first to sixth century CE. Daqin and Funan are historical Chinese exonyms.
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Gan Ying
Gan Ying (fl. 97 AD) was a Chinese diplomat, explorer, and military official who was sent on a mission to the Roman Empire to find out more about it in 97 CE by the Chinese military general Ban Chao. Daqin and Gan Ying are China-Roman Empire relations.
Güyük Khan
Güyük Khan (also Güyük Khagan, Güyük or Güyug; 19 March 1206 – 20 April 1248) was the third Khagan of the Mongol Empire, the eldest son of Ögedei Khan and a grandson of Genghis Khan.
Gemstone
A gemstone (also called a fine gem, jewel, precious stone, semiprecious stone, or simply gem) is a piece of mineral crystal which, when cut or polished, is used to make jewelry or other adornments.
Geography (Ptolemy)
The Geography (Γεωγραφικὴ Ὑφήγησις,, "Geographical Guidance"), also known by its Latin names as the Geographia and the Cosmographia, is a gazetteer, an atlas, and a treatise on cartography, compiling the geographical knowledge of the 2nd-century Roman Empire.
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Giovanni de' Marignolli
Giovanni de' Marignolli (Johannes Marignola;.), variously anglicized as John of Marignolli or John of Florence, was a notable 14th-century Catholic European traveller to medieval China and India.
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Given name
A given name (also known as a forename or first name) is the part of a personal name quoted in that identifies a person, potentially with a middle name as well, and differentiates that person from the other members of a group (typically a family or clan) who have a common surname.
Glass
Glass is an amorphous (non-crystalline) solid.
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Golden Chersonese
The Golden Chersonese or Golden Khersonese (Χρυσῆ Χερσόνησος, Chrysḗ Chersónēsos; Chersonesus Aurea), meaning the Golden Peninsula, was the name used for the Malay Peninsula by Greek and Roman geographers in classical antiquity, most famously in Claudius Ptolemy's 2nd-century Geography.
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Greek language
Greek (Elliniká,; Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean.
Greek name
In the modern world, Greek names are the personal names among people of Greek language and culture, generally consisting of a given name and a family name.
Gulf of Thailand
The Gulf of Thailand, also known as the Gulf of Siam, is a shallow inlet in the southwestern South China Sea, bounded between the southwestern shores of the Indochinese Peninsula and the northern half of the Malay Peninsula.
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Han Chinese
The Han Chinese or the Han people, or colloquially known as the Chinese are an East Asian ethnic group native to Greater China.
Han dynasty
The Han dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China (202 BC9 AD, 25–220 AD) established by Liu Bang and ruled by the House of Liu.
Henry Yule
Colonel Sir Henry Yule (1 May 1820 – 30 December 1889) was a Scottish Orientalist and geographer.
History of China
The history of China spans several millennia across a wide geographical area.
See Daqin and History of China
History of Iran
The history of Iran (or Persia, as it was commonly known in the Western world) is intertwined with that of Greater Iran, a sociocultural region spanning the area between Anatolia in the west and the Indus River and Syr Darya in the east, and between the Caucasus and Eurasian Steppe in the north and the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman in the south.
History of Ming
The History of Ming is the final official Chinese history included in the Twenty-Four Histories.
History of Song (book)
The History of Song or Song Shi is one of the official Chinese historical works known as the Twenty-Four Histories of China that records the history of the Song dynasty (960–1279).
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History of the Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire's history is generally periodised from late antiquity until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453 AD.
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History of the Chinese language
The earliest historical linguistic evidence of the spoken Chinese language dates back approximately 4500 years, while examples of the writing system that would become written Chinese are attested in a body of inscriptions made on bronze vessels and oracle bones during the Late Shang period (1050 BCE), with the very oldest dated to.
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History of the Han dynasty
The Han dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) was the second imperial dynasty of China.
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History of the Ming dynasty
The Ming dynasty (23 January 1368 – 25 April 1644), officially the Great Ming, founded by the peasant rebel leader Zhu Yuanzhang, known as the Hongwu Emperor, was an imperial dynasty of China.
See Daqin and History of the Ming dynasty
History of the Roman Empire
The history of the Roman Empire covers the history of ancient Rome from the fall of the Roman Republic in 27 BC until the abdication of Romulus Augustulus in AD 476 in the West, and the Fall of Constantinople in the East in AD 1453.
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History of Yuan
The History of Yuan, also known as the Yuanshi, is one of the official Chinese historical works known as the Twenty-Four Histories of China.
Homs
Homs (حِمْص / ALA-LC:; Levantine Arabic: حُمْص / Ḥomṣ), known in pre-Islamic Syria as Emesa (Émesa), is a city in western Syria and the capital of the Homs Governorate.
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Hongwu Emperor
Hongwu Emperor (21 October 1328– 24 June 1398), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Taizu of Ming, personal name Zhu Yuanzhang, courtesy name Guorui, was the founding emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigning from 1368 to 1398.
Horace
Quintus Horatius Flaccus (8 December 65 BC – 27 November 8 BC),Suetonius,. commonly known in the English-speaking world as Horace, was the leading Roman lyric poet during the time of Augustus (also known as Octavian). The rhetorician Quintilian regarded his Odes as the only Latin lyrics worth reading: "He can be lofty sometimes, yet he is also full of charm and grace, versatile in his figures, and felicitously daring in his choice of words."Quintilian 10.1.96.
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India
India, officially the Republic of India (ISO), is a country in South Asia.
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Indian Ocean
The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or approx.
Indo-Roman trade relations
Indo-Roman trade relations (see also the spice trade and incense road) was trade between the Indian subcontinent and the Roman Empire in Europe and the Mediterranean Sea.
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Iranian languages
The Iranian languages, also called the Iranic languages, are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family that are spoken natively by the Iranian peoples, predominantly in the Iranian Plateau.
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Iranian peoples
The Iranian peoples or Iranic peoples are a diverse grouping of peoples who are identified by their usage of the Iranian languages (branch of the Indo-European languages) and other cultural similarities.
Iskandariya
Al-Iskandariya or Alexandria (الإسكندرية, also given as Iskandariyah, Iskanderiyah, Iskanderiya, Iskanderiyeh or Sikandariyeh or Al Askandariyah) is an ancient city in central Iraq, one of a number of towns in the Near East founded by and named after Alexander the Great (Al-Iskandar in Arabic).
Israel
Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Southern Levant, West Asia.
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Japanese language
is the principal language of the Japonic language family spoken by the Japanese people.
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Jiaozhi
Jiaozhi (standard Chinese, pinyin: Jiāozhǐ), or Giao Chỉ, was a historical region ruled by various Chinese dynasties, corresponding to present-day northern Vietnam.
Jiaozhou (region)
Jiaozhou (Wade–Giles: Chiao1-Cho1; Giao Châu) was an imperial Chinese province under the Han and Jin dynasties.
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John of Montecorvino
John of Montecorvino or Giovanni da Montecorvino in Italian (1247 – 1328) was an Italian Franciscan missionary, traveller and statesman, founder of the earliest Latin Catholic missions in India and China, and archbishop of Peking.
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John V Palaiologos
John V Palaiologos or Palaeologus (Ἰωάννης Παλαιολόγος, Iōánnēs Palaiológos; 18 June 1332 – 16 February 1391) was Byzantine emperor from 1341 to 1391, with interruptions.
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Jonathan D. Spence
Jonathan Dermot Spence (11 August 1936 – 25 December 2021) was a British-American historian, sinologist, and author who specialised in Chinese history.
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Kang (Chinese surname)
Kang (康, pinyin: Kāng) is a Chinese surname.
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Kang Senghui
Kang Senghui (traditional: 康僧會; simplified: 康僧会; pinyin: Kāng Sēnghuì; Wade–Giles: K'ang Seng-hui; Vietnamese: Khương Tăng Hội; died 280) was a Buddhist monk and translator during the Three Kingdoms period of ancient China.
Kangju
Kangju (Eastern Han Chinese: kʰɑŋ-kɨɑ Schuessler, Axel (2014) "Phonological Notes on Hàn Period Transcriptions of Foreign Names and Words" in Studies in Chinese and Sino-Tibetan Linguistics: Dialect, Phonology, Transcription and Text. Series: Language and Linguistics Monograph. Issue 53. Daqin and Kangju are historical Chinese exonyms.
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Katarina Vilioni
Katarina Vilioni (died 1342) was an Italian woman and one of the first Europeans known to have resided in China.
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Khanbaliq
Khanbaliq (style, Qaɣan balɣasu) or Dadu of Yuan (ᠳᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠤ, Dayidu) was the winter capital of the Yuan dynasty of China in what is now Beijing, the capital of China today.
Kublai Khan
Kublai Khan (23 September 1215 – 18 February 1294), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Shizu of Yuan and his regnal name Setsen Khan, was the founder and first emperor of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty of China.
Langgan
Langgan is the ancient Chinese name of a gemstone which remains an enigma in the history of mineralogy; it has been identified, variously, as blue-green malachite, blue coral, white coral, whitish chalcedony, red spinel, and red jade.
Latin
Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
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Leon (given name)
Leon is a first name of Greek origin, meaning "lion".
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Leon of Sparta
Leon (Λέων) was the 14th Agiad dynasty King of Sparta, ruling from 590 BC to 560 BC.
Li (unit)
Li (lǐ, or 市里, shìlǐ), also known as the Chinese mile, is a traditional Chinese unit of distance.
Li Baoyu
Li Baoyu (703 – April 15, 777), né An Chongzhang (安重璋), known for some time as An Baoyu (安抱玉), formally Duke Zhaowu of Liang (涼昭武公), was an ethnic SogdianHoward, Michael C., Transnationalism in Ancient and Medieval Societies, the Role of Cross Border Trade and Travel, McFarland & Company, 2012, p.
List of Roman governors of Syria
This is a list of governors of the Roman province of Syria.
See Daqin and List of Roman governors of Syria
Luxury goods
In economics, a luxury good (or upmarket good) is a good for which demand increases more than what is proportional as income rises, so that expenditures on the good become a more significant proportion of overall spending.
Ma Duanlin
Ma Duanlin (1245–1322) was a Chinese historical writer and encyclopaedist.
Malay Peninsula
The Malay Peninsula is located in Mainland Southeast Asia.
Marco Polo
Marco Polo (8 January 1324) was a Venetian merchant, explorer and writer who travelled through Asia along the Silk Road between 1271 and 1295.
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (English:; 26 April 121 – 17 March 180) was Roman emperor from 161 to 180 and a Stoic philosopher.
Matteo Ricci
Matteo Ricci (Matthaeus Riccius; 6 October 1552 – 11 May 1610) was an Italian Jesuit priest and one of the founding figures of the Jesuit China missions.
Medal
A medal or medallion is a small portable artistic object, a thin disc, normally of metal, carrying a design, usually on both sides.
See Daqin and Medal
Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, on the east by the Levant in West Asia, and on the west almost by the Morocco–Spain border.
See Daqin and Mediterranean Sea
Michael Shen Fu-Tsung
Michael Alphonsus Shen Fu-Tsung, SJ, also known as Michel Sin, Michel Chin-fo-tsoung, Shen Fo-tsung, or Shen Fuzong (1691), By Albert Chan (2002) p.395 was a Chinese mandarin and Jesuit from Nanking.
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Michael VII Doukas
Michael VII Doukas or Ducas (Mikhaḗl Doúkas), nicknamed Parapinakes (Παραπινάκης, lit. "minus a quarter", with reference to the devaluation of the Byzantine currency under his rule), was the senior Byzantine emperor from 1071 to 1078.
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Middle Chinese
Middle Chinese (formerly known as Ancient Chinese) or the Qieyun system (QYS) is the historical variety of Chinese recorded in the Qieyun, a rime dictionary first published in 601 and followed by several revised and expanded editions.
Middle Egypt
Middle Egypt is the section of land between Lower Egypt (the Nile Delta) and Upper Egypt, stretching upstream from Asyut in the south to Memphis in the north.
Middle Persian
Middle Persian, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg (Pahlavi script: 𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪, Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫀𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫐, Avestan script: 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬯𐬍𐬐) in its later form, is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasanian Empire.
Ming dynasty
The Ming dynasty, officially the Great Ming, was an imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty.
Mongol Empire
The Mongol Empire of the 13th and 14th centuries was the largest contiguous empire in history.
Mu'awiya I
Mu'awiya I (Muʿāwiya ibn Abī Sufyān; –April 680) was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling from 661 until his death.
Nabataean Kingdom
The Nabataean Kingdom (Nabataean Aramaic: 𐢕𐢃𐢋𐢈 Nabāṭū), also named Nabatea, was a political state of the Nabataeans during classical antiquity.
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Names of China
The names of China include the many contemporary and historical designations given in various languages for the East Asian country known as in Standard Chinese, a form based on the Beijing dialect of Mandarin.
Near East
The Near East is a transcontinental region around the East Mediterranean encompassing parts of West Asia, the Balkans, and North Africa, specifically the historical Fertile Crescent, the Levant, Anatolia, East Thrace, and Egypt.
Nestorianism
Nestorianism is a term used in Christian theology and Church history to refer to several mutually related but doctrinarily distinct sets of teachings.
New Book of Tang
The New Book of Tang, generally translated as the "New History of the Tang" or "New Tang History", is a work of official history covering the Tang dynasty in ten volumes and 225 chapters.
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Nile
The Nile (also known as the Nile River) is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa.
See Daqin and Nile
Nile Delta
The Nile Delta (دلتا النيل, or simply الدلتا) is the delta formed in Lower Egypt where the Nile River spreads out and drains into the Mediterranean Sea.
Northern Vietnam
Northern Vietnam (Bắc Bộ) is one of three geographical regions within Vietnam.
See Daqin and Northern Vietnam
Old Book of Tang
The Old Book of Tang, or simply the Book of Tang, is the first classic historical work about the Tang dynasty, comprising 200 chapters, and is one of the Twenty-Four Histories.
See Daqin and Old Book of Tang
Old Chinese
Old Chinese, also called Archaic Chinese in older works, is the oldest attested stage of Chinese, and the ancestor of all modern varieties of Chinese.
Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions.
Palatine Hill
The Palatine Hill (Classical Latin: Palatium; Neo-Latin: Collis/Mons Palatinus; Palatino), which relative to the seven hills of Rome is the centremost, is one of the most ancient parts of the city; it has been called "the first nucleus of the Roman Empire".
Palmyra
Palmyra (Palmyrene:, romanized: Tadmor; Tadmur) is an ancient city in the eastern part of the Levant, now in the center of modern Syria.
Parthia
Parthia (𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺 Parθava; 𐭐𐭓𐭕𐭅Parθaw; 𐭯𐭫𐭮𐭥𐭡𐭥 Pahlaw) is a historical region located in northeastern Greater Iran.
Parthian Empire
The Parthian Empire, also known as the Arsacid Empire, was a major Iranian political and cultural power centered in ancient Iran from 247 BC to 224 AD.
Parthian language
The Parthian language, also known as Arsacid Pahlavi and Pahlawānīg, is an extinct ancient Northwestern Iranian language once spoken in Parthia, a region situated in present-day northeastern Iran and Turkmenistan.
See Daqin and Parthian language
Pei Songzhi
Pei Songzhi (372–451), courtesy name Shiqi, was a Chinese historian and politician who lived in the late Eastern Jin dynasty and the Liu Song dynasty.
Persian Gulf
The Persian Gulf (Fars), sometimes called the (Al-Khalīj al-ˁArabī), is a mediterranean sea in West Asia.
Persianate society
A Persianate society is a society that is based on or strongly influenced by the Persian language, culture, literature, art and/or identity.
See Daqin and Persianate society
Petra
Petra (Al-Batrāʾ; Πέτρα, "Rock"), originally known to its inhabitants as Raqmu (Nabataean: or, *Raqēmō), is a historic and archaeological city in southern Jordan.
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Pinyin
Hanyu Pinyin, or simply pinyin, is the most common romanization system for Standard Chinese.
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Poena cullei
Poena cullei (Latin, 'penalty of the sack') under Roman law was a type of death penalty imposed on a subject who had been found guilty of patricide.
Pomponius Mela
Pomponius Mela, who wrote around AD 43, was the earliest known Roman geographer.
Pontoon bridge
A pontoon bridge (or ponton bridge), also known as a floating bridge, uses floats or shallow-draft boats to support a continuous deck for pedestrian and vehicle travel.
Prefix
A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word.
See Daqin and Prefix
Principate
The Principate was the form of imperial government of the Roman Empire from the beginning of the reign of Augustus in 27 BC to the end of the Crisis of the Third Century in AD 284, after which it evolved into the Dominate.
Ptolemy
Claudius Ptolemy (Πτολεμαῖος,; Claudius Ptolemaeus; AD) was an Alexandrian mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, and music theorist who wrote about a dozen scientific treatises, three of which were important to later Byzantine, Islamic, and Western European science.
Qin (state)
Qin (or Ch'in) was an ancient Chinese state during the Zhou dynasty.
Qin dynasty
The Qin dynasty was the first dynasty of Imperial China.
Qin Shi Huang
Qin Shi Huang (February 25912 July 210 BC) was the founder of the Qin dynasty and the first emperor of China.
Rafe de Crespigny
Richard Rafe Champion de Crespigny (born 1936), also known by his Chinese name Zhang Leifu, is an Australian sinologist and historian.
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Records of the Three Kingdoms
The Records of the Three Kingdoms is a Chinese official history written by Chen Shou in the late 3rd century CE, covering the end of the Han dynasty (220 CE) and the subsequent Three Kingdoms period (220–280 CE).
See Daqin and Records of the Three Kingdoms
Reservoir
A reservoir is an enlarged lake behind a dam, usually built to store fresh water, often doubling for hydroelectric power generation.
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Beijing
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Beijing (Archidioecesis Pechimensis) is a Metropolitan Latin archdiocese in the People's Republic of China.
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Roman commerce
Roman commerce was a major sector of the Roman economy during the later generations of the Republic and throughout most of the imperial period. Daqin and Roman commerce are foreign relations of ancient Rome.
Roman currency
Roman currency for most of Roman history consisted of gold, silver, bronze, orichalcum and copper coinage.
Roman Egypt
Roman Egypt; was an imperial province of the Roman Empire from 30 BC to AD 641.
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.
Roman glass
Roman glass objects have been recovered across the Roman Empire in domestic, industrial and funerary contexts.
Roman law
Roman law is the legal system of ancient Rome, including the legal developments spanning over a thousand years of jurisprudence, from the Twelve Tables, to the (AD 529) ordered by Eastern Roman emperor Justinian I. Roman law forms the basic framework for civil law, the most widely used legal system today, and the terms are sometimes used synonymously.
Roman naming conventions
Over the course of some fourteen centuries, the Romans and other peoples of Italy employed a system of nomenclature that differed from that used by other cultures of Europe and the Mediterranean Sea, consisting of a combination of personal and family names.
See Daqin and Roman naming conventions
Roman Republic
The Roman Republic (Res publica Romana) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom (traditionally dated to 509 BC) and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire following the War of Actium.
Roman Syria
Roman Syria was an early Roman province annexed to the Roman Republic in 64 BC by Pompey in the Third Mithridatic War following the defeat of King of Armenia Tigranes the Great, who had become the protector of the Hellenistic kingdom of Syria.
Roman–Parthian Wars
The Roman–Parthian Wars (54 BC – 217 AD) were a series of conflicts between the Parthian Empire and the Roman Republic and Roman Empire.
See Daqin and Roman–Parthian Wars
Rome
Rome (Italian and Roma) is the capital city of Italy.
See Daqin and Rome
Samarkand
Samarkand or Samarqand (Uzbek and Tajik: Самарқанд / Samarqand) is a city in southeastern Uzbekistan and among the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Central Asia.
Scythians
The Scythians or Scyths (but note Scytho- in composition) and sometimes also referred to as the Pontic Scythians, were an ancient Eastern Iranic equestrian nomadic people who had migrated during the 9th to 8th centuries BC from Central Asia to the Pontic Steppe in modern-day Ukraine and Southern Russia, where they remained established from the 7th century BC until the 3rd century BC.
Sea silk
Sea silk is an extremely fine, rare, and valuable fabric that is made from the long silky filaments or byssus secreted by a gland in the foot of pen shells (in particular Pinna nobilis).
Serica
Serica (Σηρικά) was one of the easternmost countries of Asia known to the Ancient Greek and Roman geographers. Daqin and Serica are China-Roman Empire relations and foreign relations of ancient Rome.
See Daqin and Serica
Siege of Constantinople (674–678)
The first Arab siege of Constantinople in 674–678 was a major conflict of the Arab–Byzantine wars, and the first culmination of the Umayyad Caliphate's expansionist strategy towards the Byzantine Empire, led by Caliph Mu'awiya I. Mu'awiya, who had emerged in 661 as the ruler of the Muslim Arab empire following a civil war, renewed aggressive warfare against Byzantium after a lapse of some years and hoped to deliver a lethal blow by capturing the Byzantine capital of Constantinople.
See Daqin and Siege of Constantinople (674–678)
Sihai Huayi Zongtu
The Sihai Huayi Zongtu ("Complete Map of the Four Seas, China, and the Barbarians") is a Chinese world map dated to 1532, the 11th year of the Ming Dynasty's Jiajing Emperor.
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Silk
Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles.
See Daqin and Silk
Silk Road
The Silk Road was a network of Eurasian trade routes active from the second century BCE until the mid-15th century. Daqin and Silk Road are China-Roman Empire relations and foreign relations of ancient Rome.
Sino-Roman relations
Sino-Roman relations comprised the (primarily indirect) contacts and flows of trade goods, information, and occasional travelers between the Roman Empire and the Han dynasty, as well as between the later Eastern Roman Empire and various successive Chinese dynasties that followed. Daqin and Sino-Roman relations are China-Roman Empire relations and foreign relations of ancient Rome.
See Daqin and Sino-Roman relations
Sogdia
Sogdia or Sogdiana was an ancient Iranian civilization between the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya, and in present-day Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan.
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Sogdian language
The Sogdian language was an Eastern Iranian language spoken mainly in the Central Asian region of Sogdia (capital: Samarkand; other chief cities: Panjakent, Fergana, Khujand, and Bukhara), located in modern-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan; it was also spoken by some Sogdian immigrant communities in ancient China.
See Daqin and Sogdian language
Solidus (coin)
The solidus (Latin 'solid';: solidi) or nomisma (νόμισμα, nómisma, 'coin') was a highly pure gold coin issued in the Later Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire.
South China Sea
The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean.
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia is the geographical southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Australian mainland, which is part of Oceania.
Standard Chinese
Standard Chinese is a modern standard form of Mandarin Chinese that was first codified during the republican era (1912‒1949).
See Daqin and Standard Chinese
Strabo
StraboStrabo (meaning "squinty", as in strabismus) was a term employed by the Romans for anyone whose eyes were distorted or deformed.
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Sun Quan
Sun Quan (182 – 21 May 252), courtesy name Zhongmou (仲謀), posthumously known as Emperor Da of Wu, was the founder of Eastern Wu, one of the Three Kingdoms of China.
Surname
A surname, family name, or last name is the mostly hereditary portion of one's personal name that indicates one's family.
Syria (region)
Syria (Hieroglyphic Luwian: Sura/i; Συρία; ܣܘܪܝܐ) or Sham (Ash-Shām) is a historical region located east of the Mediterranean Sea in West Asia, broadly synonymous with the Levant.
Syriac Christianity
Syriac Christianity (ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ / Mšiḥoyuṯo Suryoyto or Mšiḥāyūṯā Suryāytā) is a branch of Eastern Christianity of which formative theological writings and traditional liturgies are expressed in the Classical Syriac language, a variation of the old Aramaic language.
See Daqin and Syriac Christianity
Syriac language
The Syriac language (Leššānā Suryāyā), also known natively in its spoken form in early Syriac literature as Edessan (Urhāyā), the Mesopotamian language (Nahrāyā) and Aramaic (Aramāyā), is an Eastern Middle Aramaic dialect. Classical Syriac is the academic term used to refer to the dialect's literary usage and standardization, distinguishing it from other Aramaic dialects also known as 'Syriac' or 'Syrian'.
Tang dynasty
The Tang dynasty (唐朝), or the Tang Empire, was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907, with an interregnum between 690 and 705.
Thebaid
The Thebaid or Thebais (Θηβαΐς, Thēbaïs) was a region in ancient Egypt, comprising the 13 southernmost nomes of Upper Egypt, from Abydos to Aswan.
Theodosius II
Theodosius II (Θεοδόσιος; 10 April 401 – 28 July 450) was Roman emperor from 402 to 450.
Tianzhu (India)
Tianzhu is the historical Chinese name for India. Daqin and Tianzhu (India) are historical Chinese exonyms and history of the foreign relations of China.
Tiber
The Tiber (Tevere; Tiberis) is the third-longest river in Italy and the longest in Central Italy, rising in the Apennine Mountains in Emilia-Romagna and flowing through Tuscany, Umbria, and Lazio, where it is joined by the River Aniene, to the Tyrrhenian Sea, between Ostia and Fiumicino.
See Daqin and Tiber
Tiberius
Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus (16 November 42 BC – 16 March AD 37) was Roman emperor from AD 14 until 37.
Trajan
Trajan (born Marcus Ulpius Traianus, adopted name Caesar Nerva Traianus; 18 September 53) was a Roman emperor from AD 98 to 117, remembered as the second of the Five Good Emperors of the Nerva–Antonine dynasty.
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Transliteration
Transliteration is a type of conversion of a text from one script to another that involves swapping letters (thus trans- + liter-) in predictable ways, such as Greek →, Cyrillic →, Greek → the digraph, Armenian → or Latin →.
Transoxiana
Transoxiana or Transoxania is the Latin name for the region and civilization located in lower Central Asia roughly corresponding to modern-day eastern Uzbekistan, western Tajikistan, parts of southern Kazakhstan, parts of Turkmenistan and southern Kyrgyzstan.
Tribe of Ephraim
According to the Hebrew Bible, the Tribe of Ephraim (אֶפְרַיִם, ʾEp̄rayīm, in pausa: אֶפְרָיִם, ʾEp̄rāyīm) was one of the tribes of Israel.
See Daqin and Tribe of Ephraim
Twenty-Four Histories
The Twenty-Four Histories, also known as the Orthodox Histories, are the Chinese official dynastic histories covering from the earliest dynasty in 3000 BC to the Ming dynasty in the 17th century.
See Daqin and Twenty-Four Histories
Umayyad Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate or Umayyad Empire (al-Khilāfa al-Umawiyya) was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty.
See Daqin and Umayyad Caliphate
Uruk
Uruk, known today as Warka, was an ancient city in the Near East, located east of the current bed of the Euphrates River, on an ancient, now-dried channel of the river.
See Daqin and Uruk
Utopia
A utopia typically describes an imaginary community or society that possesses highly desirable or near-perfect qualities for its members.
See Daqin and Utopia
Valerie Hansen
Valerie Hansen is an American historian.
Vassal
A vassal or liege subject is a person regarded as having a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch, in the context of the feudal system in medieval Europe.
See Daqin and Vassal
Vietnam
Vietnam, officially the (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's fifteenth-most populous country.
Virgil
Publius Vergilius Maro (traditional dates 15 October 70 BC21 September 19 BC), usually called Virgil or Vergil in English, was an ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period.
See Daqin and Virgil
Wade–Giles
Wade–Giles is a romanization system for Mandarin Chinese.
Wadi Musa
Wadi Musa (وادي موسى, literally "Valley of Musa (AS)) is a town located in the Ma'an Governorate in southern Jordan.
Walls of Constantinople
The Walls of Constantinople (Konstantinopolis Surları; Τείχη της Κωνσταντινουπόλης) are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul in Turkey) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great.
See Daqin and Walls of Constantinople
Warring States period
The Warring States period was an era in ancient Chinese history characterized by warfare, bureaucratic and military reform, and political consolidation.
See Daqin and Warring States period
Warwick Ball
Warwick Ball is an Australia-born Near-Eastern archaeologist.
Weilüe
The Weilüe was a Chinese historical text written by Yu Huan between 239 and 265.
See Daqin and Weilüe
Wenxian Tongkao
The Wenxian Tongkao or Tongkao was one of the model works of the Tongdian compiled by Ma Duanlin in 1317, during the Yuan Dynasty.
Wild silk
Wild silks have been known and used in many countries from early times, although the scale of production is far smaller than that from cultivated silkworms.
Xi'an
Xi'an is the capital of Shaanxi Province.
See Daqin and Xi'an
Xi'an Stele
The Xi'an Stele or the Jingjiao Stele (p), sometimes translated as the "Nestorian Stele," is a Tang Chinese stele erected in 781 that documents 150 years of early Christianity in China.
Xinjiang
Xinjiang, officially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China (PRC), located in the northwest of the country at the crossroads of Central Asia and East Asia.
Xirong
Xirong or Rong were various people who lived primarily in and around the western extremities of ancient China (in modern Gansu and Qinghai).
See Daqin and Xirong
Yellow River
The Yellow River is the second-longest river in China, after the Yangtze; with an estimated length of it is the sixth-longest river system on Earth.
Yu Huan
Yu Huan (third century) was a Chinese historian and travel writer of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period.
Yu Ying-shih
Yu Ying-shih (22 January 1930 – 1 August 2021) was a Chinese-born American historian, sinologist, and the Gordon Wu '58 Professor of Chinese Studies, Emeritus, at Princeton University.
Yuan dynasty
The Yuan dynasty, officially the Great Yuan (Mongolian:, Yeke Yuwan Ulus, literally "Great Yuan State"), was a Mongol-led imperial dynasty of China and a successor state to the Mongol Empire after its ''de facto'' division.
Zeugma (Commagene)
Zeugma (Ζεῦγμα; ܙܘܓܡܐ) was an ancient Hellenistic era Greek and then Roman city of Commagene; located in modern Gaziantep Province, Turkey.
See Daqin and Zeugma (Commagene)
Zhang Qian
Zhang Qian (died c. 114 BC) was a Chinese diplomat, explorer, and politician who served as an imperial envoy to the world outside of China in the late 2nd century BC during the Western Han dynasty.
Zhou dynasty
The Zhou dynasty was a royal dynasty of China that existed for 789 years from until 256 BC, the longest of such reign in Chinese history.
See also
China-Roman Empire relations
Foreign relations of ancient Rome
- Amicitia
- Berber kings of Roman-era Tunisia
- Crisis of the Roman Republic
- Daqin
- Donations of Alexandria
- Fetial
- Foederati
- Foreign influences on Pompeii
- Foreign relations of the Byzantine Empire
- Germanic–Roman contacts
- Greco-Roman relations in classical antiquity
- Gulussa
- Indo-Roman relations
- Interpretatio graeca
- Itinerarium Alexandri
- Kingdom of Soissons
- Latin League
- Maritime Silk Road
- Mastanabal
- Micipsa
- Parandzem
- Pax Romana
- Periplus of the Erythraean Sea
- Periplus of the Euxine Sea
- Ptolemy's world map
- Roman commerce
- Roman influence in Caucasian Albania
- Roman relations with Nubia
- Roman relations with the Armenians
- Roman–Iranian relations
- Romano-British culture
- Serica
- Silk Road
- Sino-Roman relations
- Vardandukht
- Vramshapuh
- Zarmandukht
- Zruanduxt
Historical Chinese exonyms
- Chenla
- Chi Tu
- Daqin
- Daxia
- Dayuan
- Far West (Taixi)
- Funan
- Fusang
- Kangju
- Nanyang (region)
- Shule Kingdom
- Tianzhu (India)
- Tuyuhun
- Wa (Japan)
- Yancai
History of Christianity in China
- Albazinians
- Anti-Christian Movement
- Chinese Recorder and Missionary Journal
- Chinese Rites controversy
- Chung Hua Sheng Kung Hui
- Daniel H. Bays
- Daqin
- Figurism
- Ginling College
- God Worshipping Society
- Handbook of Christianity in China
- Harbin Russians
- History of Christianity in Sichuan
- Jazep Hermanovich
- Juye Incident
- Kucheng massacre
- List of works by Robert Morrison (missionary)
- Manchurian revival
- Murder of Wu Shuoyan
- Nanjing incident of 1616
- Pierre Perrier
- Protectorate of missions
- R. G. Tiedemann
- Roman Malek
- Russian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Harbin
- Shen-kuang-szu Incident
- Sidney D. Gamble
- Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
- The Shouters
- Tianjin Massacre
- Zhao Fusan
History of the foreign relations of China
- 2010–2012 killing of CIA sources in China
- American espionage in China
- Anti-Chinese sentiment
- Bengal–Jaunpur confrontation
- Chinese exonyms
- Chinese exploration
- Convention of Chuenpi
- Daqin
- Dates of establishment of diplomatic relations with the Qing dynasty
- Daxia
- Dayuan
- Dragon Blade (film)
- Far West (Taixi)
- Foreign relations of Imperial China
- Foreign relations of imperial China
- Heqin
- History of China–Japan relations
- History of Sino-Russian relations
- History of cross-strait relations
- History of foreign relations of China
- Interstate relations during the Spring and Autumn period
- List of diplomatic missions of the Qing dynasty
- List of recipients of tribute from China
- Marshall Mission
- Rafael Perestrello
- Ryūkyū-kan
- Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas
- Sino-Soviet relations from 1969 to 1991
- State visits by Xi Jinping to Italy and France
- Tianzhu (India)
- Treaty ports
- Wars involving China
- William Bradford Reed
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daqin
Also known as Da Chin, Da Qin, Da Quin, Dachin, Ta Chin, Ta Ch’in, Ta-Chin, Tachin, .
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