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Diapsid, the Glossary

Diapsids ("two arches") are a clade of sauropsids, distinguished from more primitive eureptiles by the presence of two holes, known as temporal fenestrae, in each side of their skulls.^[1]

99 relations: Acallosuchus, Acerosodontosaurus, Allokotosauria, Anapsid, Ankyramorpha, Araeoscelidia, Archelosauria, Archosaur, Archosauriformes, Archosauromorpha, Avicephala, Bird, Captorhinidae, Carboniferous, Choristodera, Clade, Cladogram, Claudiosaurus, Coelurosauravus, Crocodilia, Diapsid, Dolerosaurus, Draco (lizard), Drepanosaur, Elachistosuchus, Eunotosaurus, Eureptilia, Euryapsida, Henry Fairfield Osborn, Holocene, Hovasaurus, Humerus, Hupehsuchia, Ichthyopterygia, Ichthyosauromorpha, Kenyasaurus, Kudnu, Kuehneosauridae, Lanthanolania, Lanthanosuchidae, Lepidosauria, Lepidosauromorpha, Lizard, Longisquama, Mesosaur, Millerettidae, Million years ago, Molecular Biology and Evolution, Molecular phylogenetics, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, ... Expand index (49 more) »
Diapsids
Extant Pennsylvanian first appearances
Reptile taxonomy
Taxa named by Henry Fairfield Osborn

Acallosuchus

Acallosuchus (meaning "ugly crocodile" in Greek) is an extinct genus of reptile from the Triassic Chinle Formation of the southwestern United States. Diapsid and Acallosuchus are diapsids.

See Diapsid and Acallosuchus

Acerosodontosaurus

Acerosodontosaurus is an extinct genus of neodiapsid reptiles that lived during the Late Permian of Madagascar. Diapsid and Acerosodontosaurus are diapsids.

See Diapsid and Acerosodontosaurus

Allokotosauria

Allokotosauria is a clade of early archosauromorph reptiles from the Middle to Late Triassic known from Asia, Africa, North America and Europe.

See Diapsid and Allokotosauria

Anapsid

An anapsid is an amniote whose skull lacks one or more skull openings (fenestra, or fossae) near the temples. Diapsid and anapsid are reptile taxonomy.

See Diapsid and Anapsid

Ankyramorpha ("anchor forms") is an extinct clade of procolophonomorph parareptiles which lived between the early Cisuralian epoch (middle Sakmarian stage) and the latest Triassic period (latest Rhaetian stage) of Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America and South America.

See Diapsid and Ankyramorpha

Araeoscelidia

Araeoscelidia or Araeoscelida is a clade of extinct amniotes (traditionally classified as diapsid reptiles) superficially resembling lizards, extending from the Late Carboniferous to the Early Permian.

See Diapsid and Araeoscelidia

Archelosauria

Archelosauria is a clade grouping turtles and archosaurs (birds and crocodilians) and their fossil relatives, to the exclusion of lepidosaurs (the clade containing lizards, snakes and the tuatara). Diapsid and Archelosauria are reptile taxonomy.

See Diapsid and Archelosauria

Archosaur

Archosauria or archosaurs is a clade of diapsid sauropsid tetrapods, with birds and crocodilians being the only extant representatives.

See Diapsid and Archosaur

Archosauriformes

Archosauriformes (Greek for 'ruling lizards', and Latin for 'form') is a clade of diapsid reptiles encompassing archosaurs and some of their close relatives.

See Diapsid and Archosauriformes

Archosauromorpha

Archosauromorpha (Greek for "ruling lizard forms") is a clade of diapsid reptiles containing all reptiles more closely related to archosaurs (such as crocodilians and dinosaurs, including birds) rather than lepidosaurs (such as tuataras, lizards, and snakes).

See Diapsid and Archosauromorpha

Avicephala

Avicephala ("bird heads") is a potentially polyphyletic grouping of extinct diapsid reptiles that lived during the Late Permian and Triassic periods characterised by superficially bird-like skulls and arboreal lifestyles. Diapsid and Avicephala are diapsids and reptile taxonomy.

See Diapsid and Avicephala

Bird

Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton.

See Diapsid and Bird

Captorhinidae

Captorhinidae is an extinct family of tetrapods, typically considered primitive reptiles, known from the late Carboniferous to the Late Permian.

See Diapsid and Captorhinidae

Carboniferous

The Carboniferous is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic that spans 60 million years from the end of the Devonian Period Ma (million years ago) to the beginning of the Permian Period, Ma.

See Diapsid and Carboniferous

Choristodera

Choristodera (from the Greek χωριστός chōristos + δέρη dérē, 'separated neck') is an extinct order of semiaquatic diapsid reptiles that ranged from the Middle Jurassic, or possibly Triassic, to the Miocene (168 to 20 or possibly 11.6 million years ago). Diapsid and Choristodera are diapsids.

See Diapsid and Choristodera

Clade

In biological phylogenetics, a clade, also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a grouping of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree.

See Diapsid and Clade

Cladogram

A cladogram (from Greek clados "branch" and gramma "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms.

See Diapsid and Cladogram

Claudiosaurus

Claudiosaurus (claudus is Latin for 'lameness' and saurus means 'lizard') is an extinct genus of diapsid reptiles from the Late Permian Sakamena Formation of the Morondava Basin, Madagascar. Diapsid and Claudiosaurus are diapsids.

See Diapsid and Claudiosaurus

Coelurosauravus

Coelurosauravus (meaning "hollow lizard grandfather") is an extinct genus of gliding reptile, known from the Late Permian of Madagascar.

See Diapsid and Coelurosauravus

Crocodilia

Crocodilia (or Crocodylia, both) is an order of semiaquatic, predatory reptiles known as crocodilians.

See Diapsid and Crocodilia

Diapsid

Diapsids ("two arches") are a clade of sauropsids, distinguished from more primitive eureptiles by the presence of two holes, known as temporal fenestrae, in each side of their skulls. Diapsid and Diapsid are diapsids, extant Pennsylvanian first appearances, reptile taxonomy and taxa named by Henry Fairfield Osborn.

See Diapsid and Diapsid

Dolerosaurus

Dolerosaurus is an extinct genus of diapsid known from the early Late Triassic (late Carnian stage) upper Lunz Formation of Austria.

See Diapsid and Dolerosaurus

Draco (lizard)

Draco is a genus of agamid lizards that are also known as flying lizards, flying dragons or gliding lizards.

See Diapsid and Draco (lizard)

Drepanosaur

Drepanosaurs (members of the clade Drepanosauromorpha) are a group of extinct reptiles that lived between the Carnian and Rhaetian stages of the late Triassic Period, approximately between 230 and 210 million years ago.

See Diapsid and Drepanosaur

Elachistosuchus

Elachistosuchus is an extinct genus of neodiapsid reptile, most likely basal archosauromorph, known from the Late Triassic Arnstadt Formation of Saxony-Anhalt, central Germany.

See Diapsid and Elachistosuchus

Eunotosaurus

Eunotosaurus (Latin: Stout-backed lizard) is an extinct genus of amniote, possibly a close relative of turtles. Diapsid and Eunotosaurus are diapsids.

See Diapsid and Eunotosaurus

Eureptilia

Eureptilia ("true reptiles") is one of the two major subgroups of the clade Sauropsida, the other one being Parareptilia. Diapsid and Eureptilia are extant Pennsylvanian first appearances and reptile taxonomy.

See Diapsid and Eureptilia

Euryapsida

Euryapsida is a polyphyletic (unnatural, as the various members are not closely related) group of sauropsids that are distinguished by a single temporal fenestra, an opening behind the orbit, under which the post-orbital and squamosal bones articulate.

See Diapsid and Euryapsida

Henry Fairfield Osborn

Henry Fairfield Osborn, Sr. (August 8, 1857 – November 6, 1935) was an American paleontologist, geologist and eugenics advocate. Diapsid and Henry Fairfield Osborn are taxa named by Henry Fairfield Osborn.

See Diapsid and Henry Fairfield Osborn

Holocene

The Holocene is the current geological epoch, beginning approximately 11,700 years ago.

See Diapsid and Holocene

Hovasaurus

Hovasaurus is an extinct genus of basal diapsid reptile. Diapsid and Hovasaurus are diapsids.

See Diapsid and Hovasaurus

Humerus

The humerus (humeri) is a long bone in the arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow.

See Diapsid and Humerus

Hupehsuchia

Hupehsuchia is an order of diapsid reptiles closely related to ichthyosaurs.

See Diapsid and Hupehsuchia

Ichthyopterygia

Ichthyopterygia ("fish flippers") was a designation introduced by Sir Richard Owen in 1840 to designate the Jurassic ichthyosaurs that were known at the time, but the term is now used more often for both true Ichthyosauria and their more primitive early and middle Triassic ancestors.

See Diapsid and Ichthyopterygia

Ichthyosauromorpha

The Ichthyosauromorpha are an extinct clade of marine reptiles consisting of the Ichthyosauriformes and the Hupehsuchia, living during the Mesozoic.

See Diapsid and Ichthyosauromorpha

Kenyasaurus

Kenyasaurus is an extinct genus of basal tangasaurid known from the Early Triassic period of Coast Province, southeastern Kenya. Diapsid and Kenyasaurus are diapsids.

See Diapsid and Kenyasaurus

Kudnu

Kudnu is an extinct genus of neodiapsid reptile from the Early Triassic Arcadia Formation of Australia. Diapsid and Kudnu are diapsids.

See Diapsid and Kudnu

Kuehneosauridae

Kuehneosauridae is an extinct family of small, lizard-like gliding diapsids known from the Triassic period of Europe and North America.

See Diapsid and Kuehneosauridae

Lanthanolania

Lanthanolania (meaning "forgotten butcher") is an extinct genus of diapsid from Middle Permian (Wordian stage, or uppermost Kazanian in Eastern Europe) deposits of Arkhangel'sk Province, Russia. Diapsid and Lanthanolania are diapsids.

See Diapsid and Lanthanolania

Lanthanosuchidae

Lanthanosuchidae is a family of procolophonomorph parareptiles that lived 268–255 million years ago.

See Diapsid and Lanthanosuchidae

Lepidosauria

The Lepidosauria (from Greek meaning scaled lizards) is a subclass or superorder of reptiles, containing the orders Squamata and Rhynchocephalia.

See Diapsid and Lepidosauria

Lepidosauromorpha

Lepidosauromorpha (in PhyloCode known as Pan-Lepidosauria) is a group of reptiles comprising all diapsids closer to lizards than to archosaurs (which include crocodiles and birds).

See Diapsid and Lepidosauromorpha

Lizard

Lizard is the common name used for all squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most oceanic island chains.

See Diapsid and Lizard

Longisquama

Longisquama is a genus of extinct reptile. Diapsid and Longisquama are diapsids.

See Diapsid and Longisquama

Mesosaur

Mesosaurs ("middle lizards") were a group of small aquatic reptiles that lived during the early Permian period (Cisuralian), roughly 299 to 270 million years ago.

See Diapsid and Mesosaur

Millerettidae

Millerettidae is an extinct family of parareptiles from the Middle Permian to the Late Permian period (Capitanian - Changhsingian stages) of South Africa.

See Diapsid and Millerettidae

Million years ago

Million years ago, abbreviated as Mya, Myr (megayear) or Ma (megaannum), is a unit of time equal to (i.e. years), or approximately 31.6 teraseconds.

See Diapsid and Million years ago

Molecular Biology and Evolution

Molecular Biology and Evolution (MBE) is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.

See Diapsid and Molecular Biology and Evolution

Molecular phylogenetics

Molecular phylogenetics is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships.

See Diapsid and Molecular phylogenetics

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of evolutionary biology and phylogenetics.

See Diapsid and Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

Muscles of mastication

The four classical muscles of mastication elevate the mandible (closing the jaw) and move it forward/backward and laterally, facilitating biting and chewing.

See Diapsid and Muscles of mastication

Nile crocodile

The Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) is a large crocodilian native to freshwater habitats in Africa, where it is present in 26 countries.

See Diapsid and Nile crocodile

Orovenator

Orovenator is an extinct genus of diapsid from Lower Permian (Artinskian stage) deposits of Oklahoma, United States. Diapsid and Orovenator are diapsids.

See Diapsid and Orovenator

Palacrodon

Palacrodon is an extinct genus of Triassic reptile with a widespread distribution. Diapsid and Palacrodon are diapsids.

See Diapsid and Palacrodon

Palaeagama

Palaeagama is an extinct genus of neodiapsid reptile from the Late Permian or Early Triassic of South Africa.

See Diapsid and Palaeagama

Paleothyris

Paleothyris was a small, agile, anapsid romeriidan reptile which lived in the Moscovian (Carboniferous) age of the Late Carboniferous in Nova Scotia.

See Diapsid and Paleothyris

Pantestudines

Pantestudines or Pan-Testudines is the proposed group of all reptiles more closely related to turtles than to any other living animal.

See Diapsid and Pantestudines

Pappochelys

Pappochelys (παπποχέλυς meaning "grandfather turtle" in Greek) is an extinct genus of diapsid reptile possibly related to turtles.

See Diapsid and Pappochelys

Parareptilia

Parareptilia ("near-reptiles") is an extinct subclass or clade of basal sauropsids/reptiles, typically considered the sister taxon to Eureptilia (the group that likely contains all living reptiles and birds).

See Diapsid and Parareptilia

Pareiasauromorpha

Pareiasauromorpha is a group of parareptilian amniotes from the Permian.

See Diapsid and Pareiasauromorpha

Pennsylvanian (geology)

The Pennsylvanian (also known as Upper Carboniferous or Late Carboniferous) is, on the ICS geologic timescale, the younger of two subperiods of the Carboniferous Period (or the upper of two subsystems of the Carboniferous System).

See Diapsid and Pennsylvanian (geology)

Petrolacosaurus

Petrolacosaurus ("rock lake lizard") is an extinct genus of diapsid reptile from the late Carboniferous period.

See Diapsid and Petrolacosaurus

Phylogenetic nomenclature

Phylogenetic nomenclature is a method of nomenclature for taxa in biology that uses phylogenetic definitions for taxon names as explained below.

See Diapsid and Phylogenetic nomenclature

Phylogenetics

In biology, phylogenetics is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms.

See Diapsid and Phylogenetics

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (often abbreviated PNAS or PNAS USA) is a peer-reviewed multidisciplinary scientific journal.

See Diapsid and Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Procolophonia

Procolophonia is an extinct suborder (clade) of herbivorous reptiles that lived from the Middle Permian till the end of the Triassic period.

See Diapsid and Procolophonia

Procolophonoidea

Procolophonoidea is an extinct superfamily of procolophonian parareptiles.

See Diapsid and Procolophonoidea

Procolophonomorpha

Procolophonomorpha is an order or clade containing most parareptiles.

See Diapsid and Procolophonomorpha

Prolacerta

Prolacerta is a genus of archosauromorph from the lower Triassic of South Africa and Antarctica.

See Diapsid and Prolacerta

Protoavis

Protoavis (meaning "first bird") is a problematic taxon known from fragmentary remains from Late Triassic Norian stage deposits near Post, Texas.

See Diapsid and Protoavis

Protorosauria

Protorosauria is an extinct, likely paraphyletic group of basal archosauromorph reptiles from the latest Middle Permian (Capitanian stage) to the end of the Late Triassic (Rhaetian stage) of Asia, Europe and North America.

See Diapsid and Protorosauria

Protorosaurus

Protorosaurus (from πρότερος, 'earlier' and σαῦρος, 'lizard') is an extinct genus of reptile.

See Diapsid and Protorosaurus

Radius (bone)

The radius or radial bone (radii or radiuses) is one of the two large bones of the forearm, the other being the ulna.

See Diapsid and Radius (bone)

Reptile

Reptiles, as commonly defined, are a group of tetrapods with usually an ectothermic ('cold-blooded') metabolism and amniotic development. Diapsid and Reptile are extant Pennsylvanian first appearances.

See Diapsid and Reptile

Rhynchocephalia

Rhynchocephalia is an order of lizard-like reptiles that includes only one living species, the tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus) of New Zealand.

See Diapsid and Rhynchocephalia

Rhynchosaur

Rhynchosaurs are a group of extinct herbivorous Triassic archosauromorph reptiles, belonging to the order Rhynchosauria.

See Diapsid and Rhynchosaur

Sauria

Sauria is the clade containing the most recent common ancestor of Archosauria (which includes crocodilians and birds) and Lepidosauria (which includes squamates and the tuatara), and all its descendants. Diapsid and Sauria are reptile taxonomy.

See Diapsid and Sauria

Sauropsida

Sauropsida (Greek for "lizard faces") is a clade of amniotes, broadly equivalent to the class Reptilia, though typically used in a broader sense to also include extinct stem-group relatives of modern reptiles and birds (which, as theropod dinosaurs, are nested within reptiles as more closely related to crocodilians than to lizards or turtles). Diapsid and Sauropsida are extant Pennsylvanian first appearances.

See Diapsid and Sauropsida

Sauropterygia

Sauropterygia ("lizard flippers") is an extinct taxon of diverse, aquatic reptiles that developed from terrestrial ancestors soon after the end-Permian extinction and flourished during the Triassic before all except for the Plesiosauria became extinct at the end of that period.

See Diapsid and Sauropterygia

Saurosternon

Saurosternon is an extinct genus of neodiapsid reptile from the Late Permian of South Africa. Diapsid and Saurosternon are diapsids.

See Diapsid and Saurosternon

Skull

The skull is a bone protective cavity for the brain.

See Diapsid and Skull

Snake

Snakes are elongated, limbless reptiles of the suborder Serpentes.

See Diapsid and Snake

Species

A species (species) is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction.

See Diapsid and Species

Squamata

Squamata (Latin squamatus, 'scaly, having scales') is the largest order of reptiles, comprising lizards and snakes.

See Diapsid and Squamata

Synapsida

Synapsida is one of the two major clades of vertebrate animals in the group Amniota, the other being the Sauropsida (which includes reptiles and birds). Diapsid and Synapsida are extant Pennsylvanian first appearances and taxa named by Henry Fairfield Osborn.

See Diapsid and Synapsida

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diapsid

Also known as Diapsida, Diapsids, Neodiapsid, Neodiapsida, Neodiapsids, Neodiaspida.

, Muscles of mastication, Nile crocodile, Orovenator, Palacrodon, Palaeagama, Paleothyris, Pantestudines, Pappochelys, Parareptilia, Pareiasauromorpha, Pennsylvanian (geology), Petrolacosaurus, Phylogenetic nomenclature, Phylogenetics, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Procolophonia, Procolophonoidea, Procolophonomorpha, Prolacerta, Protoavis, Protorosauria, Protorosaurus, Radius (bone), Reptile, Rhynchocephalia, Rhynchosaur, Sauria, Sauropsida, Sauropterygia, Saurosternon, Skull, Snake, Species, Squamata, Synapsida, Tangasauridae, Tanystropheidae, Taxonomy, Temporal fenestra, Thadeosaurus, Thalattosauria, Trilophosaurus, Tuatara, Turtle, Vertebrate paleontology, Weigeltisauridae, Youngina, Younginidae, Younginiformes.

Diapsid, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Diapsids

Extant Pennsylvanian first appearances

Reptile taxonomy

Taxa named by Henry Fairfield Osborn

References