Eastern Arabia & Sumer - Unionpedia, the concept map

Akkadian Empire

The Akkadian Empire was the first known ancient empire of Mesopotamia, succeeding the long-lived civilization of Sumer.

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Akkadian language

Akkadian (translit)John Huehnergard & Christopher Woods, "Akkadian and Eblaite", The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages.

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Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeast Africa.

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Assyria

Assyria (Neo-Assyrian cuneiform: x16px, māt Aššur) was a major ancient Mesopotamian civilization which existed as a city-state from the 21st century BC to the 14th century BC, which eventually expanded into an empire from the 14th century BC to the 7th century BC.

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Baghdad

Baghdad (or; translit) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab and in West Asia after Tehran.

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Bahrain

Bahrain (Two Seas, locally), officially the Kingdom of Bahrain, is an island country in West Asia.

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Bitumen

Bitumen is an immensely viscous constituent of petroleum.

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Carnelian

Carnelian (also spelled cornelian) is a brownish-red mineral commonly used as a semiprecious stone.

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Clay tablet

In the Ancient Near East, clay tablets (Akkadian 𒁾) were used as a writing medium, especially for writing in cuneiform, throughout the Bronze Age and well into the Iron Age.

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Copper

Copper is a chemical element; it has symbol Cu and atomic number 29.

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Cuneiform

Cuneiform is a logo-syllabic writing system that was used to write several languages of the Ancient Near East.

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Date palm

Phoenix dactylifera, commonly known as the date palm, is a flowering-plant species in the palm family, Arecaceae, cultivated for its edible sweet fruit called dates.

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Dilmun

Dilmun, or Telmun, (Sumerian:,Transliteration: Similar text: later 𒉌𒌇(𒆠), NI.TUKki.

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Early Dynastic Period (Mesopotamia)

The Early Dynastic period (abbreviated ED period or ED) is an archaeological culture in Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq) that is generally dated to and was preceded by the Uruk and Jemdet Nasr periods.

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Egypt

Egypt (مصر), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and the Sinai Peninsula in the southwest corner of Asia.

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Enki

Enki (𒀭𒂗𒆠) is the Sumerian god of water, knowledge (gestú), crafts (gašam), and creation (nudimmud), and one of the Anunnaki.

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Epic of Gilgamesh

The Epic of Gilgamesh is an epic from ancient Mesopotamia.

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Eridu

Eridu (𒆠|translit.

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Gilgamesh

Gilgamesh (𒀭𒄑𒂆𒈦|translit.

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Gold

Gold is a chemical element; it has symbol Au (from the Latin word aurum) and atomic number 79.

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Harappa

Harappa is an archaeological site in Punjab, Pakistan, about west of Sahiwal.

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Harriet Crawford

Harriet Elizabeth Walston Crawford, Lady Swinnerton-Dyer (born 1937) is a British archaeologist.

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Inanna

Inanna is the ancient Mesopotamian goddess of love, war, and fertility.

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Indus Valley Civilisation

The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), also known as the Indus Civilisation, was a Bronze Age civilisation in the northwestern regions of South Asia, lasting from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE, and in its mature form from 2600 BCE to 1900 BCE.

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Iraq

Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, is a country in West Asia and a core country in the geopolitical region known as the Middle East.

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Ivory

Ivory is a hard, white material from the tusks (traditionally from elephants) and teeth of animals, that consists mainly of dentine, one of the physical structures of teeth and tusks.

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Lapis lazuli

Lapis lazuli, or lapis for short, is a deep-blue metamorphic rock used as a semi-precious stone that has been prized since antiquity for its intense color.

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Meluhha

or (𒈨𒈛𒄩𒆠) is the Sumerian name of a prominent trading partner of Sumer during the Middle Bronze Age.

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Ninhursag

Ninḫursaĝ (𒀭𒎏𒄯𒊕 Ninḫarsang), sometimes transcribed Ninursag, Ninḫarsag, or Ninḫursaĝa, also known as Damgalnuna or Ninmah, was the ancient Sumerian mother goddess of the mountains, and one of the seven great deities of Sumer.

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Ninlil

Ninlil (DNIN.LÍL; meaning uncertain) was a Mesopotamian goddess regarded as the wife of Enlil.

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Nippur

Nippur (Sumerian: Nibru, often logographically recorded as, EN.LÍLKI, "Enlil City;"I. E. S. Edwards, C. J. Gadd, N. G. L. Hammond, The Cambridge Ancient History: Prolegomena & Prehistory: Vol. 1, Part 1, Cambridge University Press, 1970 Akkadian: Nibbur) was an ancient Sumerian city.

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Oman

Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman, is a country in West Asia.

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Persian Gulf

The Persian Gulf (Fars), sometimes called the (Al-Khalīj al-ˁArabī), is a mediterranean sea in West Asia.

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Sacred language

A sacred language, holy language or liturgical language is a language that is cultivated and used primarily for religious reasons (like Mosque service) by people who speak another, primary language (like Persian, Urdu, Pashtu, Balochi, Sindhi etc.) in their daily lives.

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Semitic languages

The Semitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family.

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Silver

Silver is a chemical element; it has symbol Ag (derived from Proto-Indo-European ''*h₂erǵ'')) and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and reflectivity of any metal. The metal is found in the Earth's crust in the pure, free elemental form ("native silver"), as an alloy with gold and other metals, and in minerals such as argentite and chlorargyrite. Most silver is produced as a byproduct of copper, gold, lead, and zinc refining. Silver has long been valued as a precious metal. Silver metal is used in many bullion coins, sometimes alongside gold: while it is more abundant than gold, it is much less abundant as a native metal. Its purity is typically measured on a per-mille basis; a 94%-pure alloy is described as "0.940 fine". As one of the seven metals of antiquity, silver has had an enduring role in most human cultures. Other than in currency and as an investment medium (coins and bullion), silver is used in solar panels, water filtration, jewellery, ornaments, high-value tableware and utensils (hence the term "silverware"), in electrical contacts and conductors, in specialized mirrors, window coatings, in catalysis of chemical reactions, as a colorant in stained glass, and in specialized confectionery. Its compounds are used in photographic and X-ray film. Dilute solutions of silver nitrate and other silver compounds are used as disinfectants and microbiocides (oligodynamic effect), added to bandages, wound-dressings, catheters, and other medical instruments.

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Sumerian language

Sumerian (Also written 𒅴𒄀 eme-gi.ePSD2 entry for emegir.|'native language'|) was the language of ancient Sumer.

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Thorkild Jacobsen

Thorkild Peter Rudolph Jacobsen (7 June 1904 – 2 May 1993) was a Danish historian specializing in Assyriology and Sumerian literature.

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Ur

Ur was an important Sumerian city-state in ancient Mesopotamia, located at the site of modern Tell el-Muqayyar (mound of bitumen) in Dhi Qar Governorate, southern Iraq.

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Uruk

Uruk, known today as Warka, was an ancient city in the Near East, located east of the current bed of the Euphrates River, on an ancient, now-dried channel of the river.

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Ziggurat

A ziggurat (Cuneiform: 𒅆𒂍𒉪, Akkadian: ziqqurratum, D-stem of zaqārum 'to protrude, to build high', cognate with other Semitic languages like Hebrew zaqar (זָקַר) 'protrude') is a type of massive structure built in ancient Mesopotamia.

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Ziusudra

Ziusudra (𒍣𒌓𒋤𒁺|translit.

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