Hauran, the Glossary
The Hauran (Ḥawrān; also spelled Hawran or Houran) is a region that spans parts of southern Syria and northern Jordan.[1]
Table of Contents
272 relations: Abbasid Caliphate, Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr, Abd Allah ibn Ali, Abtaa, Abu al-Misk Kafur, Achaemenid Empire, Agha (title), Agrarian society, Ajloun, Al Fadl, Al Hamdan, Al-Atrash, Al-Ghariyah, Al-Harith ibn Jabalah, Al-Jiza, Syria, Al-Kiswah, Al-Masmiyah, Al-Mundhir III ibn al-Harith, Al-Musayfirah, Al-Naimah, Al-Nu'man VI ibn al-Mundhir, Al-Nusra Front, Al-Qurayya, Al-Ramtha SC, Al-Safa (Syria), Al-Sanamayn, Al-Sanamayn District, Al-Shaykh Maskin, Al-Surah al-Saghirah, Al-Tha'lah, Al-Yadudah, Syria, Alam al-Din dynasty, Amarna letters, Amman, Ancient Roman architecture, Anizah, Aqaba, Aqraba, Syria, Ar-Ramtha, Arab states of the Persian Gulf, Arab–Israeli conflict, Arabia Petraea, Arabs, Aram-Damascus, Aramaic, Arameans, Arch, As-Suwayda, As-Suwayda Governorate, Aslihah, ... Expand index (222 more) »
- Herod the Great
- Historical regions of Jordan
- Landforms of Jordan
- Landforms of Syria
- Lava plateaus
- Philip the Tetrarch
- Regions of Syria
Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (translit) was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
See Hauran and Abbasid Caliphate
Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr
Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam (translit; May 624October/November 692) was the leader of a caliphate based in Mecca that rivaled the Umayyads from 683 until his death.
See Hauran and Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr
Abd Allah ibn Ali
Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAlī (– 764 CE) was a member of the Abbasid dynasty, and played a leading role in its rise to power during the Abbasid Revolution.
See Hauran and Abd Allah ibn Ali
Abtaa
Abtaa (أبطع; transliteration: Ibṭaʿ, also spelled Ibta or Obtei'a) is a town in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa District in the Daraa Governorate.
See Hauran and Abtaa
Abu al-Misk Kafur
Abu al-Misk Kafur (905–968), also called al-Laithi, al-Suri, al-Labi was a dominant personality of Ikhshidid Egypt and Syria.
See Hauran and Abu al-Misk Kafur
Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, also known as the Persian Empire or First Persian Empire (𐎧𐏁𐏂), was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC.
See Hauran and Achaemenid Empire
Agha (title)
Agha (ağa; آغا; āghā; "chief, master, lord") is an honorific title for a civilian or officer, or often part of such title.
Agrarian society
An agrarian society, or agricultural society, is any community whose economy is based on producing and maintaining crops and farmland.
See Hauran and Agrarian society
Ajloun
Ajloun (عجلون, ‘Ajlūn), also spelled Ajlun, is the capital town of the Ajloun Governorate, a hilly town in the north of Jordan, located 76 kilometers (around 47 miles) north west of Amman.
Al Fadl
Al Fadl (آل فَضْل, ALA-LC: Āl Faḍl) were an Arab tribe that dominated the Syrian Desert and steppe during the Middle Ages, and whose modern-day descendants largely live in southern Syria and eastern Lebanon.
Al Hamdan
Al Hamdan (ال حمدان) is a Druze clan based in Jabal al-Druze, a mountainous region in southeastern Syria.
Al-Atrash
The al-Atrash (الأطرش&lrm), also known as Bani al-Atrash, is a Druze clan based in Jabal Hauran in southwestern Syria.
Al-Ghariyah
Al-Ghariyeh (الغارية) is a town in Suwayda Governorate, in southern Syria.
Al-Harith ibn Jabalah
Al-Ḥārith ibn Jabalah (الحارث بن جبلة; known in Byzantine sources as Flavios Arethas (Greek: Φλάβιος Ἀρέθας) and Khālid ibn Jabalah (خالد بن جبلة) in later Islamic sources), was a king of the Ghassanids, a pre-Islamic Arab Christian tribe who lived on the eastern frontier of the Byzantine Empire.
See Hauran and Al-Harith ibn Jabalah
Al-Jiza, Syria
Al-Jiza (الجيزة) is a town in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located east of Daraa.
Al-Kiswah
Al-Kiswah (الكسوة also spelled Kissoué/Kiswe) is a city in the Rif Dimashq Governorate, Syria.
Al-Masmiyah
Al-Masmiyah (المسمية, also spelled Musmiyeh, Mesmiyeh, Mismiya, Mismia and Musmeih) is a town in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located northeast of Daraa in the al-Sanamayn District.
Al-Mundhir III ibn al-Harith
Al-Mundhir ibn al-Ḥārith (المنذر بن الحارث), known in Byzantine sources as Flavios Alamoundaros (Φλάβιος Ἀλαμούνδαρος), was the king of the Ghassanid Arabs from 569 to circa 581.
See Hauran and Al-Mundhir III ibn al-Harith
Al-Musayfirah
Al-Musayfirah (المسيفرة, also spelled Mseifreh or Musayfra) is a town in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located east of Daraa and 37 kilometers southeast of Damascus.
Al-Naimah
Al-Naimah (النعيمة), also al-Naima, al-Naimeh or Elnaymah, is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located east of Daraa.
Al-Nu'man VI ibn al-Mundhir
Al-Nuʿmān ibn al-Mundhir (النعمان بن المنذر), known in Byzantine sources as Naamanes (Greek: Νααμάνης) was a king of the Ghassanids, a Christian Arab tribe allied to the Byzantine Empire.
See Hauran and Al-Nu'man VI ibn al-Mundhir
Al-Nusra Front
Al-Nusra Front, also known as Front for the Conquest of the Levant, was a Salafi jihadist organization fighting against Syrian government forces in the Syrian Civil War.
Al-Qurayya
Al-Qurayya (القريا; also spelled al-Qrayya or Kureiyeh) is a town in southern Syria, administratively part of the al-Suwayda Governorate, located south of al-Suwayda.
Al-Ramtha SC
Al-Ramtha Sports Club (نادي الرمثا الرياضي) is a Jordanian professional football club based in Ar Ramtha, Jordan.
Al-Safa (Syria)
As-Safa (الصفا), also known as Tulul al-Safa (تلول الصفا), Arabic for Al-Safa hills, is a hilly region which lies in southern Syria, north-east of Jabal al-Druze volcanic plateau.
See Hauran and Al-Safa (Syria)
Al-Sanamayn
Al-Sanamayn (aṣ-Ṣanamayn, also spelled Sanamein, Sanamain, Sunamein) is a city in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate and the center of al-Sanamayn District.
Al-Sanamayn District
Al-Sanamayn District (منطقة الصنمين.) is a district (mantiqah) in Daraa Governorate, Syria.
See Hauran and Al-Sanamayn District
Al-Shaykh Maskin
Al-Shaykh Maskin (Al-Sheikh Meskīn), also spelled Sheikh Maskīn, Sheikh Miskeen, is a town in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located north of Daraa.
See Hauran and Al-Shaykh Maskin
Al-Surah al-Saghirah
Al-Surah al-Saghirah (لصورة الصغيرة) is a town is situated in the Mantiqat Shahba (Shahba district) of As Suwayda Governorate, in southern Syria.
See Hauran and Al-Surah al-Saghirah
Al-Tha'lah
Al-Tha'lah (الثعلة) is a Syrian village in As-Suwayda District in As-Suwayda Governorate.
Al-Yadudah, Syria
Al-Yadudah (اليادودة) is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located north-west of Daraa.
See Hauran and Al-Yadudah, Syria
Alam al-Din dynasty
The Alam al-Dins, also spelled Alamuddin or Alameddine, were a Druze family that intermittently held or contested the paramount chieftainship of the Druze districts of Mount Lebanon in opposition to the Ma'n and Shihab families in the late 17th and early 18th centuries during Ottoman rule.
See Hauran and Alam al-Din dynasty
Amarna letters
The Amarna letters (sometimes referred to as the Amarna correspondence or Amarna tablets, and cited with the abbreviation EA, for "El Amarna") are an archive, written on clay tablets, primarily consisting of diplomatic correspondence between the Egyptian administration and its representatives in Canaan and Amurru, or neighboring kingdom leaders, during the New Kingdom, spanning a period of no more than thirty years in the middle 14th century BC.
Amman
Amman (ʿAmmān) is the capital and the largest city of Jordan, and the country's economic, political, and cultural center.
See Hauran and Amman
Ancient Roman architecture
Ancient Roman architecture adopted the external language of classical ancient Greek architecture for the purposes of the ancient Romans, but was different from Greek buildings, becoming a new architectural style.
See Hauran and Ancient Roman architecture
Anizah
Anizah or Anazah (ʻanizah, Najdi pronunciation) is an Arabian tribe in the Arabian Peninsula, Upper Mesopotamia, and the Levant.
Aqaba
Aqaba (al-ʿAqaba) is the only coastal city in Jordan and the largest and most populous city on the Gulf of Aqaba.
See Hauran and Aqaba
Aqraba, Syria
Aqraba (عقربا; transliteration: ʿAqrabāʾ, also spelled Akraba or Aqrabah) is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the al-Sanamayn District of the Daraa Governorate.
Ar-Ramtha
Ar-Ramtha (ar-Ramṯā), colloquially transliterated as Ar-Romtha (ar-Rumṯā), is a city situated in the far northwest of Jordan near the border with Syria.
Arab states of the Persian Gulf
The Arab states of the Persian Gulf or the Arab Gulf states (دول الخليج العربي) refers to a group of Arab states bordering the Persian Gulf.
See Hauran and Arab states of the Persian Gulf
Arab–Israeli conflict
The Arab–Israeli conflict is the phenomenon involving political tension, military conflicts, and other disputes between various Arab countries and Israel, which escalated during the 20th century.
See Hauran and Arab–Israeli conflict
Arabia Petraea
Arabia Petraea or Petrea, also known as Rome's Arabian Province (Provincia Arabia; العربية الصخرية.; Ἐπαρχία Πετραίας Ἀραβίας) or simply Arabia, was a frontier province of the Roman Empire beginning in the 2nd century.
Arabs
The Arabs (عَرَب, DIN 31635:, Arabic pronunciation), also known as the Arab people (الشَّعْبَ الْعَرَبِيّ), are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa.
See Hauran and Arabs
Aram-Damascus
The Kingdom of Aram-Damascus (ܐܪܡ-ܕܪܡܣܘܩ) was an Aramean polity that existed from the late-12th century BCE until 732 BCE, and was centred around the city of Damascus in the Southern Levant.
Aramaic
Aramaic (ˀərāmiṯ; arāmāˀiṯ) is a Northwest Semitic language that originated in the ancient region of Syria and quickly spread to Mesopotamia, the southern Levant, southeastern Anatolia, Eastern Arabia and the Sinai Peninsula, where it has been continually written and spoken in different varieties for over three thousand years.
Arameans
The Arameans, or Aramaeans (𐤀𐤓𐤌𐤉𐤀,,; אֲרַמִּים; Ἀραμαῖοι; ܐܪ̈ܡܝܐ), were a tribal Semitic people in the ancient Near East, first documented in historical sources from the late 12th century BC.
Arch
An arch is a curved vertical structure spanning an open space underneath it.
See Hauran and Arch
As-Suwayda
As-Suwayda (ٱلسُّوَيْدَاء / ALA-LC romanization: as-Suwaydāʾ), also spelled Sweida, is a mainly Druze city located in southwestern Syria, close to the border with Jordan.
As-Suwayda Governorate
As-Suwayda or Al-Suwayda Governorate (مُحافظة السويداء / ALA-LC: Muḥāfaẓat as-Suwaydā’) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria.
See Hauran and As-Suwayda Governorate
Aslihah
Aslihah (الاصلحة) also spelled Aslihah or Asleha, is a village in southeastern Syria, administratively part of the as-Suwayda District of the as-Suwayda Governorate, located south of as-Suwayda.
Assyria
Assyria (Neo-Assyrian cuneiform: x16px, māt Aššur) was a major ancient Mesopotamian civilization which existed as a city-state from the 21st century BC to the 14th century BC, which eventually expanded into an empire from the 14th century BC to the 7th century BC.
Ataman, Syria
′Ataman (عتمان), also spelled ′Atman, Athman, Osmane or Othman, is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located 4 kilometers north of Daraa.
Ayyubid dynasty
The Ayyubid dynasty (الأيوبيون; Eyûbiyan), also known as the Ayyubid Sultanate, was the founding dynasty of the medieval Sultanate of Egypt established by Saladin in 1171, following his abolition of the Fatimid Caliphate of Egypt.
See Hauran and Ayyubid dynasty
Azd
The Azd (Arabic: أَزْد), or Al-Azd (Arabic: ٱلْأَزْد), is an ancient Arabian tribe.
See Hauran and Azd
Ba'ath Party
The Arab Socialist Baʿth Party (also anglicized as Ba'ath in loose transcription; البعث العربي الاشتراكي) was a political party founded in Syria by Mishel ʿAflaq, Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn al-Bīṭār, and associates of Zakī al-ʾArsūzī.
Balqa (region)
The Balqa (البلقاء; transliteration: al-Balqāʾ), known colloquially as the Balga, is a geographic region in central Jordan generally defined as the highlands east of the Jordan Valley in between the Zarqa River to the north and the Wadi Mujib gorge to the south. Hauran and Balqa (region) are historical regions of Jordan and Landforms of Jordan.
Balqa Governorate
Balqa' (البلقاء Al Balqā’) is one of the governorates of Jordan.
See Hauran and Balqa Governorate
Banu Fazara
The Banu Fazara or Fazzara or Fezara or Fezzara were an Arab tribe whose original homeland was Najd.
Banu Murra
Banu Murra was a tribe during the era of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
Banu Nu'aym
The Banu Nu'aym, also spelled al-Na'imeh, al-Na'im or al-Ne'im, are a large tribal confederation present in the Hauran and Golan Heights regions of Syria.
Banu Uqayl
Banu Uqayl (بنو عُـقَـيـْل) are an ancient Arab tribe that played an important role in the history of Eastern Arabia and Iraq.
Barid
The barīd (بريد, often translated as "the postal service") was the state-run courier service of the Umayyad and later Abbasid Caliphates.
See Hauran and Barid
Basalt
Basalt is an aphanitic (fine-grained) extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron (mafic lava) exposed at or very near the surface of a rocky planet or moon.
Bashar al-Assad
Bashar al-Assad (born 11 September 1965) is a Syrian politician who is the current and 19th president of Syria since 17 July 2000.
See Hauran and Bashar al-Assad
Bassir
Bassir (بصير) is a village in Hauran, located 630 meters (0.4 miles) above sea level and southern of Damascus in Syria.
Batanaea
Batanaea or Batanea was an area often mentioned between the first century BC until the fourth century AD. Hauran and Batanaea are Herod the Great and Philip the Tetrarch.
Battle of Ain Dara
The Battle of Ain Dara occurred in the village of Ain Dara, in Mount Lebanon in 1711, between the Qaysi and Yamani, two rival tribo-political factions.
See Hauran and Battle of Ain Dara
Battle of Ain Jalut
The Battle of Ain Jalut, also spelled Ayn Jalut, was fought between the Bahri Mamluks of Egypt and the Mongol Empire on 3 September 1260 (25 Ramadan 658 AH) near the spring of Ain Jalut in southeastern Galilee in the Jezreel Valley.
See Hauran and Battle of Ain Jalut
Battle of Bosra
The Battle of Bosra was fought in 634 CE between the Rashidun Caliphate army and the Byzantine Empire over the possession of the city of Bosra, in Syria.
See Hauran and Battle of Bosra
Battle of Maysalun
The Battle of Maysalun (معركة ميسلون), also known as the Battle of Maysalun Pass or the Battle of Khan Maysalun (Bataille de Khan Mayssaloun), was a four-hour battle fought between the forces of the Arab Kingdom of Syria and the French Army of the Levant on 24 July 1920 near Khan Maysalun in the Anti-Lebanon Mountains, about west of Damascus.
See Hauran and Battle of Maysalun
Battle of Panium
The Battle of Panium (also known as Paneion, Πάνειον, or Paneas, Πανειάς) was fought in 200 BC near Paneas (Caesarea Philippi) between Seleucid and Ptolemaic forces as part of the Fifth Syrian War.
See Hauran and Battle of Panium
Battle of the Yarmuk
The Battle of the Yarmuk (also spelled Yarmouk) was a major battle between the army of the Byzantine Empire and the Arab Muslim forces of the Rashidun Caliphate.
See Hauran and Battle of the Yarmuk
Bedouin
The Bedouin, Beduin, or Bedu (singular) are pastorally nomadic Arab tribes who have historically inhabited the desert regions in the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, the Levant, and Mesopotamia (Iraq).
Bilad al-Sham
Bilad al-Sham (Bilād al-Shām), often referred to as Islamic Syria or simply Syria in English-language sources, was a province of the Rashidun, Umayyad, Abbasid, and Fatimid caliphates.
Book of Deuteronomy
Deuteronomy (second law; Liber Deuteronomii) is the fifth book of the Torah (in Judaism), where it is called (דְּבָרִים|Dəḇārīm| words) and the fifth book of the Hebrew Bible and Christian Old Testament.
See Hauran and Book of Deuteronomy
Bosra
Bosra (Buṣrā), formerly Bostra (Βόστρα) and officially called Busra al-Sham (Buṣrā al-Shām), is a town in southern Syria, administratively belonging to the Daraa District of the Daraa Governorate and geographically part of the Hauran region.
See Hauran and Bosra
Breadbasket
The breadbasket of a country or of a region is an area which, because of the richness of the soil and/or advantageous climate, produces large quantities of wheat or other grain.
Burid dynasty
The Burid dynasty was a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Oghuz Turkic origin which ruled over the Emirate of Damascus in the early 12th century, as subjects of the Seljuk Empire.
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.
See Hauran and Byzantine Empire
Caliphate
A caliphate or khilāfah (خِلَافَةْ) is a monarchical form of government (initially elective, later absolute) that originated in the 7th century Arabia, whose political identity is based on a claim of succession to the Islamic State of Muhammad and the identification of a monarch called caliph (خَلِيفَةْ) as his heir and successor.
Cantilever
A cantilever is a rigid structural element that extends horizontally and is unsupported at one end.
Chalcedonian Christianity
Chalcedonian Christianity is a term referring to the branches of Christianity that accept and uphold theological resolutions of the Council of Chalcedon, the fourth ecumenical council, held in 451.
See Hauran and Chalcedonian Christianity
Christianity in Syria
Christians in Syria made up about 10% of the pre-war Syrian population.
See Hauran and Christianity in Syria
Cinder cone
A cinder cone (or scoria cone) is a steep conical hill of loose pyroclastic fragments, such as volcanic clinkers, volcanic ash, or scoria that has been built around a volcanic vent.
Circassians in Syria
Circassians in Syria refer to the Circassian diaspora that settled in Syria (then part of the Ottoman Empire) in the 19th century.
See Hauran and Circassians in Syria
Coele-Syria
Coele-Syria (Κοίλη Συρία, Koílē Syría, 'Hollow Syria') was a region of Syria in classical antiquity.
Combating Terrorism Center
The Combating Terrorism Center is an academic institution at the United States Military Academy (USMA) in West Point, New York that provides education, research and policy analysis in the specialty areas of terrorism, counterterrorism, homeland security, and internal conflict.
See Hauran and Combating Terrorism Center
Corbel
In architecture, a corbel is a structural piece of stone, wood or metal jutting from a wall to carry a superincumbent weight, a type of bracket.
Crusades
The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Christian Latin Church in the medieval period.
Da'el
Da'el (داعل, also spelled Da'il) is a town in southern Syria located on the old road between Daraa and Damascus, located approximately 14 kilometers north of Daraa.
See Hauran and Da'el
Damascus
Damascus (Dimašq) is the capital and largest city of Syria, the oldest current capital in the world and, according to some, the fourth holiest city in Islam.
Daraa
Daraa (Darʿā, Levantine Arabic:, also Darʿā, Dara’a, Deraa, Dera'a, Dera, Derʿā and Edrei; means "fortress", compare Dura-Europos) is a city in southwestern Syria, located about north of the border with Jordan.
See Hauran and Daraa
Daraa District
Daraa District (منطقة درعا) is a district (mantiqah) administratively belonging to Daraa Governorate, Syria.
Daraa Governorate
Daraa Governorate (مُحافظة درعا / ALA-LC) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria.
See Hauran and Daraa Governorate
Daraa Governorate campaign
The campaign of the province of Daraa, which began on 14 November 2011 is a part of the Syrian Civil War, consisting of several battles and offensives in the province of southern Syria.
See Hauran and Daraa Governorate campaign
Dead Cities
The Dead Cities (المدن الميتة) or Forgotten Cities (المدن المنسية) are a group of 700 abandoned settlements in northwest Syria between Aleppo and Idlib.
Dhibin
Dhibin (ذيبين; also spelled Dhaybin or Thibin) is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Salkhad District of the al-Suwayda Governorate.
Dominique Sourdel
Dominique Sourdel (31 January 1921, Pont-Sainte-Maxence – 4 March 2014, Neuilly-sur-Seine) was a French historian who specialized in Medieval Islam.
See Hauran and Dominique Sourdel
Druze
The Druze (دَرْزِيّ, or دُرْزِيّ, rtl), who call themselves al-Muwaḥḥidūn (lit. 'the monotheists' or 'the unitarians'), are an Arab and Arabic-speaking esoteric ethnoreligious group from West Asia who adhere to the Druze faith, an Abrahamic, monotheistic, syncretic, and ethnic religion whose main tenets assert the unity of God, reincarnation, and the eternity of the soul.
See Hauran and Druze
Edmond James de Rothschild
Baron Abraham Edmond Benjamin James de Rothschild (19 August 1845 – 2 November 1934) was a French member of the Rothschild banking family.
See Hauran and Edmond James de Rothschild
Edom
Edom (Edomite: 𐤀𐤃𐤌; אֱדוֹם, lit.: "red"; Akkadian: 𒌑𒁺𒈪, 𒌑𒁺𒈬; Ancient Egyptian) was an ancient kingdom in Transjordan, located between Moab to the northeast, the Arabah to the west, and the Arabian Desert to the south and east.
See Hauran and Edom
Ethnological Museum of Berlin
The Ethnological Museum of Berlin (Ethnologisches Museum Berlin.) is one of the Berlin State Museums (Staatliche Museen zu Berlin.), the de facto national collection of the Federal Republic of Germany.
See Hauran and Ethnological Museum of Berlin
Euphrates
The Euphrates (see below) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia.
Faisal I of Iraq
Faisal I bin al-Hussein bin Ali al-Hashemi (فيصل الأول بن الحسين بن علي الهاشمي, Fayṣal al-Awwal bin al-Ḥusayn bin ʻAlī al-Hāshimī; 20 May 1885 – 8 September 1933) was King of Iraq from 23 August 1921 until his death in 1933.
See Hauran and Faisal I of Iraq
Fatimid Caliphate
The Fatimid Caliphate or Fatimid Empire (al-Khilāfa al-Fāṭimiyya) was a caliphate extant from the tenth to the twelfth centuries CE under the rule of the Fatimids, an Isma'ili Shia dynasty.
See Hauran and Fatimid Caliphate
Free Syrian Army
The Free Syrian Army (FSA; al-jaysh as-Sūrī al-ḥur) is a big-tent coalition of decentralized Syrian opposition rebel groups in the Syrian civil war founded on 29 July 2011 by Colonel Riad al-Asaad and six officers who defected from the Syrian Armed Forces.
See Hauran and Free Syrian Army
Galilee
Galilee (hagGālīl; Galilaea; al-jalīl) is a region located in northern Israel and southern Lebanon.
Gaza City
Gaza, also called Gaza City, is a Palestinian city in the Gaza Strip.
Ghabaghib
Ghabaghib (غَبَاغِب Ġabāġib; also spelled Ghabagheb) is a town in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located north of Daraa.
Ghasm
Ghasm (غصم, also spelled Ghasam) is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located northeast of Daraa and west of Bosra.
See Hauran and Ghasm
Ghassanids
The Ghassanids, also called the Jafnids, were an Arab tribe which founded a kingdom which was in place from the third century to the seventh century in the area of the Levant and northern Arabia. They emigrated from South Arabia in the early third century to the Levant. Some merged with Hellenized Christian communities, converting to Christianity in the first few centuries, while others may have already been Christians before emigrating north to escape religious persecution.
Ghuta
Ghouta (غُوطَةُ دِمَشْقَ / ALA-LC: Ḡūṭat Dimašq) is a countryside area in southwestern Syria that surrounds the city of Damascus along its eastern and southern rim.
See Hauran and Ghuta
Golan Heights
The Golan Heights (Haḍbatu l-Jawlān or; רמת הגולן), or simply the Golan, is a basaltic plateau, at the southwest corner of Syria. Hauran and Golan Heights are lava plateaus and regions of Syria.
Gottlieb Schumacher
Gottlieb Schumacher (21 November 1857 – 26 November 1925) was an American-born civil engineer, architect and archaeologist of German descent, who was an important figure in the early archaeological exploration of Palestine.
See Hauran and Gottlieb Schumacher
Great Syrian Revolt
The Great Syrian Revolt (الثورة السورية الكبرى), also known as the Revolt of 1925, was a general uprising across the State of Syria and Greater Lebanon during the period of 1925 to 1927.
See Hauran and Great Syrian Revolt
Greek Orthodox Church
Greek Orthodox Church (Greek: Ἑλληνορθόδοξη Ἐκκλησία, Ellinorthódoxi Ekklisía) is a term that can refer to any one of three classes of Christian churches, each associated in some way with Greek Christianity, Levantine Arabic-speaking Christians or more broadly the rite used in the Eastern Roman Empire.
See Hauran and Greek Orthodox Church
Hafez al-Assad
Hafez al-Assad (6 October 193010 June 2000) was a Syrian statesman, military officer and revolutionary who served as the 18th president of Syria from 1971 until his death in 2000.
Haifa
Haifa (Ḥēyfā,; Ḥayfā) is the third-largest city in Israel—after Jerusalem and Tel Aviv—with a population of in.
See Hauran and Haifa
Hajj
Hajj (translit; also spelled Hadj, Haj or Haji) is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holiest city for Muslims.
See Hauran and Hajj
Hanna Batatu
Hanna Batatu (حنّا بطاطو) (1926 in Jerusalem – 24 June 2000 in Winsted, Connecticut, U.S.) was a Palestinian Marxist historian specialising in the history of Iraq and the modern Arab east.
Hasmonean dynasty
The Hasmonean dynasty (חַשְׁמוֹנָאִים Ḥašmōnāʾīm; Ασμοναϊκή δυναστεία) was a ruling dynasty of Judea and surrounding regions during the Hellenistic times of the Second Temple period (part of classical antiquity), from BCE to 37 BCE.
See Hauran and Hasmonean dynasty
Hebrew Bible
The Hebrew Bible or Tanakh (. Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary. Hebrew), also known in Hebrew as Miqra (Hebrew), is the canonical collection of Hebrew scriptures, comprising the Torah, the Nevi'im, and the Ketuvim.
Hejaz railway
The Hejaz railway (also spelled Hedjaz or Hijaz; سِكَّة حَدِيد الحِجَاز or الخَط الحَدِيدِي الحِجَازِي, حجاز دمیریولی, Hicaz Demiryolu) was a narrow-gauge railway (track gauge) that ran from Damascus to Medina, through the Hejaz region of modern day Saudi Arabia, with a branch line to Haifa on the Mediterranean Sea.
Hellenistic art
Hellenistic art is the art of the Hellenistic period generally taken to begin with the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and end with the conquest of the Greek world by the Romans, a process well underway by 146 BC, when the Greek mainland was taken, and essentially ending in 30 BC with the conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt following the Battle of Actium.
See Hauran and Hellenistic art
Hellenization
Hellenization (also spelled Hellenisation) or Hellenism is the adoption of Greek culture, religion, language, and identity by non-Greeks.
Hermann Burchardt
Hermann Burchardt (November 18, 1857 – December 19, 1909) was a German explorer and photographer of Jewish descent, who is renowned for his black and white pictorial essays of scenes in Arabia in the early 20th century.
See Hauran and Hermann Burchardt
Herod Agrippa II
Herod Agrippa II (AD 27/28 – or 100), officially named Marcus Julius Agrippa and sometimes shortened to Agrippa, was the last ruler from the Herodian dynasty, reigning over territories outside of Judea as a Roman client.
See Hauran and Herod Agrippa II
Herod the Great
Herod I or Herod the Great was a Roman Jewish client king of the Herodian Kingdom of Judea.
See Hauran and Herod the Great
Herodian tetrarchy
The Herodian tetrarchy was a regional division of a client state of Rome, formed following the death of Herod the Great in 4 BCE. Hauran and Herodian tetrarchy are Philip the Tetrarch.
See Hauran and Herodian tetrarchy
Hit, Syria
Hit (الهيت, also spelled Heet or al-Hit) is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the al-Suwayda Governorate, located northeast of al-Suwayda.
Howard Crosby Butler
Howard Crosby Butler (March 7, 1872 Croton Falls, New York – August 13, 1922 Neuilly) was an American archaeologist.
See Hauran and Howard Crosby Butler
Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt
Ibrahim Pasha (إبراهيمباشا Ibrāhīm Bāshā; 1789 – 10 November 1848) was an Egyptian general and politician; he was the commander of both the Egyptian and Ottoman armies and the eldest son of Muhammad Ali, the Wāli and unrecognized Khedive of Egypt and Sudan.
See Hauran and Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt
Idlib Governorate
Idlib Governorate (مُحافظة ادلب / ALA-LC: Muḥāfaẓat Idlib) is one of the 14 governorates of Syria.
See Hauran and Idlib Governorate
Ikhshidid dynasty
The Ikhshidid dynasty was a dynasty of Turkic mamluk origin, who ruled Egypt and the Levant from 935 to 969.
See Hauran and Ikhshidid dynasty
Imperial Roman army
The Imperial Roman Army was the military land force of the Roman Empire from 27 BC to 476 AD, and the final incarnation in the long history of the Roman army.
See Hauran and Imperial Roman army
Iqta'
An iqta (iqṭāʿ) and occasionally iqtaʿa (اقطاعة) was an Islamic practice of tax farming that became common in Muslim Asia during the Buyid dynasty.
See Hauran and Iqta'
Ira, Syria
′Ira (عرى; also spelled Areh, ′Ara or Ora) is a village in southeastern Syria, administratively part of the as-Suwayda District of the as-Suwayda Governorate, located south of as-Suwayda.
Irbid
Irbid (إِربِد), known in ancient times as Arabella or Arbela (Άρβηλα in Ancient Greek), is the capital and largest city of Irbid Governorate.
See Hauran and Irbid
Irbid Governorate
Irbid or Irbed (إربد) is a governorate in Jordan, located north of Amman, the country's capital.
See Hauran and Irbid Governorate
Islamic State
The Islamic State (IS), also known as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and by its Arabic acronym Daesh, is a transnational Salafi jihadist group and an unrecognised quasi-state.
Ismail al-Atrash
Ismail al-Atrash (died November 1869) was the preeminent Druze sheikh (chieftain) of Jabal Hauran, a mountainous region southeast of Damascus, in the mid-19th century.
See Hauran and Ismail al-Atrash
Israel
Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Southern Levant, West Asia.
Istakhri
Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Farisi al-Istakhri (آبو إسحاق إبراهيمبن محمد الفارسي الإصطخري) (also Estakhri, استخری, i.e. from the Iranian city of Istakhr, b. - d. 346 AH/AD 957) was a 10th-century travel author and Islamic geographer who wrote valuable accounts in Arabic of the many Muslim territories he visited during the Abbasid era of the Islamic Golden Age.
Iturea
Iturea or Ituraea (Ἰτουραία, Itouraía) is the Greek name of a Levantine region north of Galilee during the Late Hellenistic and early Roman periods. Hauran and Iturea are Herod the Great and Philip the Tetrarch.
Izra
Izraʾ (إِزْرَع) is a town in the Daraa Governorate of Syria, to the north of the city of Daraa.
See Hauran and Izra
Izra District
Izra' District (منطقة ازرع) is a district (mantiqah) administratively belonging to Daraa Governorate, Syria.
Jabal al-Druze
Jabal al-Druze (Mountain of the Druze), is an elevated volcanic region in the As-Suwayda Governorate of southern Syria.
Jabal Druze State
Jabal al-Druze (جبل الدروز, Djebel Druze) was an autonomous state in the French Mandate of Syria from 1921 to 1936, designed to function as a government for the local Druze population under French oversight.
See Hauran and Jabal Druze State
Jabiyah
Jabiyah (الجابية / ALA-LC: al-Jābiya) was a town of political and military significance in the 6th–8th centuries.
Jasim
Jasim (جاسم, also spelled Jasem) is a small city in the Izra' District of the Daraa Governorate in southern Syria.
See Hauran and Jasim
Jaysh al-Muwahhidin
The Jaysh al-Muwahhideen or Jaysh Abu Ibrahim (جيش الموحدين) was a Druze militia group in Syria.
See Hauran and Jaysh al-Muwahhidin
Jerusalem
Jerusalem is a city in the Southern Levant, on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea.
Johann Ludwig Burckhardt
Johann Ludwig (also known as John Lewis, Jean Louis) Burckhardt (24 November 1784 – 15 October 1817) was a Swiss traveller, geographer and Orientalist.
See Hauran and Johann Ludwig Burckhardt
Jordan
Jordan, officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, is a country in the Southern Levant region of West Asia.
Judea
Judea or Judaea (Ἰουδαία,; Iudaea) is a mountainous region of the Levant.
See Hauran and Judea
Jund Dimashq
Jund Dimashq (جند دمشق) was the largest of the sub-provinces (ajnad, sing. jund), into which Syria was divided under the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties.
Khabab
Khabab (خبب, Syriac: ܟܚܐܒܐܒ) is a town located in southern Syria in the Hauran plain, part of the Daraa Governorate, 57 km (~36 miles) south of Damascus and about the same distance from the city of Daraa.
Kharaba
Kharaba (خربا) also spelled Kharraba or Kherba, is a village in southeastern Syria, administratively part of the as-Suwayda District of the as-Suwayda Governorate, located southwest of as-Suwayda city and northeast of Daraa.
Khirbet Ghazaleh
Khirbet Ghazaleh (خربة غزالة also spelled Khirbet Ghazalah) is a town in the Daraa Governorate, roughly 17 kilometers northeast of Daraa adjacent to Da'el in the west and near Izra' to the north.
See Hauran and Khirbet Ghazaleh
Khiyarat Dannun
Khiyarat Dannun (خيارة دنون, also spelled Khiara) is a village in the Rif Dimashq Governorate in southern Syria south of Damascus.
See Hauran and Khiyarat Dannun
Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)
The Kingdom of Israel, or the Kingdom of Samaria, was an Israelite kingdom in the Southern Levant during the Iron Age, whose beginnings can be dated back to the first half of the 10th century BCE.
See Hauran and Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)
Lajat
The Lajat (/ALA-LC: al-Lajāʾ), also spelled Lejat, Lajah, el-Leja or Laja, is the largest lava field in southern Syria, spanning some 900 square kilometers. Hauran and Lajat are Hebrew Bible places, Herod the Great and Philip the Tetrarch.
See Hauran and Lajat
Lakhmid kingdom
The Lakhmid Kingdom (translit), also referred to in Arabic as al-Manādhirah (المناذرة, romanized as) or Banu Lakhm (بنو لخم, romanized as) was an Arab kingdom in Southern Iraq and Eastern Arabia, with al-Hirah as their capital, from the late 3rd century to 602 AD/CE.
See Hauran and Lakhmid kingdom
Lebanon
Lebanon (Lubnān), officially the Republic of Lebanon, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia.
Levant
The Levant is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean region of West Asia and core territory of the political term ''Middle East''.
Lintel
A lintel or lintol is a type of beam (a horizontal structural element) that spans openings such as portals, doors, windows and fireplaces.
Maaraba, Daraa
Maaraba (translit) or Moraba is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located east of Daraa.
Mamluk Sultanate
The Mamluk Sultanate (translit), also known as Mamluk Egypt or the Mamluk Empire, was a state that ruled Egypt, the Levant and the Hejaz from the mid-13th to early 16th centuries.
See Hauran and Mamluk Sultanate
Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon
The Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon (Mandat pour la Syrie et le Liban; al-intidāb al-faransīalā sūriyā wa-lubnān, also referred to as the Levant States; 1923−1946) was a League of Nations mandate founded in the aftermath of the First World War and the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire, concerning Syria and Lebanon.
See Hauran and Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon
Marj al-Saffar
Marj al-Saffar or Marj al-Suffar (مرج الصفر) is a large plain to the south of Damascus.
Marwan I
Marwan ibn al-Hakam ibn Abi al-As ibn Umayya (translit; 623 or 626April/May 685), commonly known as MarwanI, was the fourth Umayyad caliph, ruling for less than a year in 684–685.
Masonry
Masonry is the craft of building a structure with brick, stone, or similar material, including mortar plastering which are often laid in, bound, and pasted together by mortar.
Mecca
Mecca (officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah) is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia and the holiest city according to Islam.
See Hauran and Mecca
Medina
Medina, officially Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah and also commonly simplified as Madīnah or Madinah, is the capital of Medina Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia.
Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, on the east by the Levant in West Asia, and on the west almost by the Morocco–Spain border.
See Hauran and Mediterranean Sea
Mehmed Fuad Pasha
Mehmed Fuad Pasha (1814 – February 12, 1869), sometimes known as Keçecizade Mehmed Fuad Pasha and commonly known as Fuad Pasha, was an Ottoman administrator and statesman, who is known for his prominent role in the Tanzimat reforms of the mid-19th-century Ottoman Empire, as well as his leadership during the 1860 Mount Lebanon civil war in Syria.
See Hauran and Mehmed Fuad Pasha
Mehmed Rashid Pasha
Mehmed Rashid Pasha (Mehmed Râşid Paşa, Muḥammad Rāshid Basha; 1824–15 June 1876) was an Ottoman statesman who served as the vali (governor) of Syria Vilayet in 1866–1871 and as minister of foreign affairs of the Ottoman government in 1873–1874 and 1875 until his death.
See Hauran and Mehmed Rashid Pasha
Melchior de Vogüé
Charles-Jean-Melchior, Marquis de Vogüé (18 October 182910 November 1916) was a French archaeologist, diplomat, and member of the Académie française in seat 18.
See Hauran and Melchior de Vogüé
Melkite Greek Catholic Church
The Melkite Greek Catholic Church, or Melkite Byzantine Catholic Church, is an Eastern Catholic church in full communion with the Holy See as part of the worldwide Catholic Church.
See Hauran and Melkite Greek Catholic Church
Ministry of Culture (Italy)
The Ministry of Culture (Ministero della Cultura - MiC) is the ministry of the Government of Italy in charge of national museums and the monuments historiques.
See Hauran and Ministry of Culture (Italy)
Monophysitism
Monophysitism or monophysism (from Greek μόνος, "solitary" and φύσις, "nature") is a Christology that states that in the person of the incarnated Word (that is, in Jesus Christ) there was only one nature—the divine.
Mount Hermon
Mount Hermon (جبل الشيخ or جبل حرمون / ALA-LC: Jabal al-Shaykh ('Mountain of the Sheikh') or Jabal Haramun; הַר חֶרְמוֹן, Har Ḥermōn) is a mountain cluster constituting the southern end of the Anti-Lebanon mountain range.
Mount Lebanon
Mount Lebanon (جَبَل لُبْنَان, jabal lubnān,; ܛܘܪ ܠܒ݂ܢܢ,,, ṭūr lewnōn) is a mountain range in Lebanon.
Mu'awiya II
Mu'awiya ibn Yazid ibn Mu'awiya (translit; –684), commonly known as Mu'awiya II, was the third Umayyad caliph, ruling for less than a year in 683–684.
Muslim conquest of the Levant
The Muslim conquest of the Levant (Fatḥ al-šām; lit. "Conquest of Syria"), or Arab conquest of Syria, was a 634–638 CE invasion of Byzantine Syria by the Rashidun Caliphate.
See Hauran and Muslim conquest of the Levant
Muzayrib
Muzayrib (مُزَيْرِيب, also spelled Mzerib, Mzeireb, Mzereeb, Mezereeb or al-Mezereeb) is a town in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located northwest of Daraa on the Jordan–Syria border.
Nabataean architecture
Nabatean architecture (Arabic: اَلْعِمَارَةُ النَّبَطِيَّةُ; al-ʿimarah al-nabatiyyah) refers to the building traditions of the Nabateans (/ˌnæbəˈtiːənz/; Nabataean Aramaic: 𐢕𐢃𐢋𐢈 Nabāṭū; Arabic: ٱلْأَنْبَاط al-ʾAnbāṭ; compare Akkadian: 𒈾𒁀𒌅Nabātu; Ancient Greek: Ναβαταῖος; Latin: Nabataeus), an ancient Arab people who inhabited northern Arabia and the southern Levant.
See Hauran and Nabataean architecture
Nabataean Kingdom
The Nabataean Kingdom (Nabataean Aramaic: 𐢕𐢃𐢋𐢈 Nabāṭū), also named Nabatea, was a political state of the Nabataeans during classical antiquity.
See Hauran and Nabataean Kingdom
Nabataeans
The Nabataeans or Nabateans (translit) were an ancient Arab people who inhabited northern Arabia and the southern Levant.
Nabatieh
Nabatieh (النبطية,, Syriac-Aramaic: ܐܠܢܒܛܝܥ), or Nabatîyé, is the city of the Nabatieh Governorate, in southern Lebanon.
Najran, Syria
Najran (نجران, also spelled Nijran) is a village in southern Syria lying south of the Lejah plain, administratively part of the al-Suwayda Governorate, located northwest of al-Suwayda.
Nasib Border Crossing
The Nasib Border Crossing (مركز نصيب الحدودي), also known as Jaber Border Crossing is an international border crossing between Syria and Jordan.
See Hauran and Nasib Border Crossing
Nasib, Syria
Nasib (نصيب) is a Syrian village located in Daraa District, Daraa.
Nawa, Syria
Nawa (Nawā) is a city in Syria, administratively belonging to the Daraa Governorate.
Nerva–Antonine dynasty
The Nerva–Antonine dynasty comprised seven Roman emperors who ruled from AD 96 to 192: Nerva (96–98), Trajan (98–117), Hadrian (117–138), Antoninus Pius (138–161), Marcus Aurelius (161–180), Lucius Verus (161–169), and Commodus (177–192).
See Hauran and Nerva–Antonine dynasty
Ottoman Egypt
Ottoman Egypt was an administrative division of the Ottoman Empire after the conquest of Mamluk Egypt by the Ottomans in 1517.
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.
Ottoman Land Code of 1858
The Ottoman Land Code of 1858 (recorded as 1274 in the Islamic calendar) was the beginning of a systematic land reform programme during the Tanzimat (reform) period of the Ottoman Empire in the second half of the 19th century.
See Hauran and Ottoman Land Code of 1858
Palestine (region)
The region of Palestine, also known as Historic Palestine, is a geographical area in West Asia.
See Hauran and Palestine (region)
Palestine Exploration Fund
The Palestine Exploration Fund is a British society based in London.
See Hauran and Palestine Exploration Fund
Petra
Petra (Al-Batrāʾ; Πέτρα, "Rock"), originally known to its inhabitants as Raqmu (Nabataean: or, *Raqēmō), is a historic and archaeological city in southern Jordan.
See Hauran and Petra
Philip the Arab
Philip the Arab (Marcus Julius Philippus "Arabs"; 204 – September 249) was Roman emperor from 244 to 249.
See Hauran and Philip the Arab
Philip the Tetrarch
Philip the Tetrarch, sometimes called Herod Philip II by modern writers (see "Naming convention") was the son of Herod the Great and his fifth wife, Cleopatra of Jerusalem.
See Hauran and Philip the Tetrarch
Phylarch
A phylarch (φύλαρχος, phylarchus) is a Greek title meaning "ruler of a tribe", from phyle, "tribe" + archein "to rule".
Precipitation
In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls from clouds due to gravitational pull.
Princeton University
Princeton University is a private Ivy League research university in Princeton, New Jersey.
See Hauran and Princeton University
Ptolemaic dynasty
The Ptolemaic dynasty (Πτολεμαῖοι, Ptolemaioi), also known as the Lagid dynasty (Λαγίδαι, Lagidai; after Ptolemy I's father, Lagus), was a Macedonian Greek royal house which ruled the Ptolemaic Kingdom in Ancient Egypt during the Hellenistic period.
See Hauran and Ptolemaic dynasty
Qanawat
Qanawat (Qanawāt) is a village in Syria, located 7 km north-east of al-Suwayda.
Qarmatians
The Qarmatians (Qarāmiṭa) were a militant Isma'ili Shia movement centred in al-Hasa in Eastern Arabia, where they established a religious—and, as some scholars have claimed, proto-socialist or utopian socialist—state in 899 CE.
Quneitra Governorate
Quneitra Governorate (مُحافظة القنيطرة / ALA-LC: Muḥāfaẓat Al-Qunayṭrah) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria.
See Hauran and Quneitra Governorate
Rabbel II Soter
Rabbel II Soter (Nabataean Aramaic: Rabʾel dī ʾaḥyēy wa-šēzīb ʿammeh, "Rabbel, who gave life and deliverance to his people") was the last ruler of the Nabataean Kingdom, ruling from 70 to 106.
See Hauran and Rabbel II Soter
Rasas
Rasas (رساس, also spelled Rsas) is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the al-Suwayda Governorate, located south of al-Suwayda.
See Hauran and Rasas
Red Sea
The Red Sea is a sea inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia.
Region
In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as areas, zones, lands or territories, are portions of the Earth's surface that are broadly divided by physical characteristics (physical geography), human impact characteristics (human geography), and the interaction of humanity and the environment (environmental geography).
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.
Roman Syria
Roman Syria was an early Roman province annexed to the Roman Republic in 64 BC by Pompey in the Third Mithridatic War following the defeat of King of Armenia Tigranes the Great, who had become the protector of the Hellenistic kingdom of Syria.
Ruqqad
The Ruqqad is a wadi flowing in south-west Syria, and de facto also in Northeast Israel.
Ruwallah
The Ruwallah (الرولة, Rwala Arabic ir-Rwāle, singular Ruweili/Ruwaili) are a large Arab tribe of the northern Arabian Peninsula and Syrian Desert, including Jordan.
Saham al-Jawlan
Saham al-Jawlan or Saham el-Golan (Saḥam al-Jawlān) is a Syrian village in the Daraa Governorate, in the Hauran region.
See Hauran and Saham al-Jawlan
Saida, Syria
Saida, also spelled Sayda (Ṣaydā), is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located east of Daraa.
Salafi movement
The Salafi movement or Salafism is a revival movement within Sunni Islam, which was formed as a socio-religious movement during the late 19th century and has remained influential in the Islamic world for over a century.
See Hauran and Salafi movement
Salihids
The Salīḥids, also known simply as Salīḥ or by their royal house, the Zokomids (in Arabic known as Ḍajaʿima) were the dominant Arab foederati of the Byzantine Empire in the 5th century.
Salkhad
Salkhad (Ṣalḫad) is a Syrian city in the As-Suwayda Governorate, southern Syria.
Samaqiyat
Al-Samaqiyat, also spelled al-Summaqiyat or Smaqiyat (السماقيات), is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located east of Daraa and south of Bosra.
Sasanian Empire
The Sasanian Empire or Sassanid Empire, and officially known as Eranshahr ("Land/Empire of the Iranians"), was the last Iranian empire before the early Muslim conquests of the 7th to 8th centuries.
See Hauran and Sasanian Empire
Seleucid dynasty
The Seleucid dynasty or the Seleucidae (Σελευκίδαι, Seleukídai, "descendants of Seleucus") was a Macedonian Greek royal family, which ruled the Seleucid Empire based in West Asia during the Hellenistic period.
See Hauran and Seleucid dynasty
Seleucid Empire
The Seleucid Empire (lit) was a Greek power in West Asia during the Hellenistic period.
See Hauran and Seleucid Empire
Semitic languages
The Semitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family.
See Hauran and Semitic languages
Shahba
Shahba (شَهْبَا / ALA-LC: Shahbā) is a city located south of Damascus in the Jabal el Druze in As-Suwayda Governorate of Syria, but formerly in the Roman province of Arabia Petraea.
Shammar
The tribe of Shammar (Šammar) is a tribal Arab Qahtanite confederation, descended from the Tayy, which migrated into the northern Arabian Peninsula from Yemen in the second century.
Shaqqa
Shaqqa or Shakka (Šaqqā) is a Syrian town in As Suwayda Governorate in southern Syria.
Sharifian Army
The Sharifian Army (الجيش الشريفي), also known as the Arab Army (الجيش العربي), or the Hejazi Army (الجيش الحجازي) was the military force behind the Arab Revolt which was a part of the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I. Sharif Hussein Ibn Ali of the Kingdom of Hejaz, who was proclaimed "Sultan of the Arabs" in 1916, led the Sharifian Army in a rebellion against the Ottoman Empire with the ultimate goal of uniting the Arab people under an independent government.
Sheikh
Sheikh (shaykh,, شُيُوخ, shuyūkh) is an honorific title in the Arabic language, literally meaning "elder".
Shia Islam
Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam.
Sinai Peninsula
The Sinai Peninsula, or simply Sinai (سِينَاء; سينا; Ⲥⲓⲛⲁ), is a peninsula in Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia.
See Hauran and Sinai Peninsula
Slaim, Syria
Slaim (سليمalso spelled Slaym, Slim, Slem, MSA: Sulaym, sometimes incorrectly referred to as Salim) is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the al-Suwayda Governorate, located north of al-Suwayda.
South Arabia
South Arabia is a historical region that consists of the southern region of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia, mainly centered in what is now the Republic of Yemen, yet it has also historically included Najran, Jizan, Al-Bahah, and 'Asir, which are presently in Saudi Arabia, and Dhofar of present-day Oman.
Southern Front (Syrian rebel group)
The Southern Front (الجبهة الجنوبية) was a Syrian rebel alliance consisting of 54 or 58 Syrian opposition factions affiliated with the Free Syrian Army, established on 13 February 2014 in southern Syria.
See Hauran and Southern Front (Syrian rebel group)
Spring (hydrology)
A spring is a natural exit point at which groundwater emerges from the aquifer and flows onto the top of the Earth's crust (pedosphere) to become surface water.
See Hauran and Spring (hydrology)
State of Damascus
The State of Damascus (État de Damas; دولة دمشق) was one of the six states established by the French General Henri Gouraud in the French Mandate of Syria which followed the San Remo conference of 1920 and the defeat of King Faisal's short-lived monarchy in Syria.
See Hauran and State of Damascus
Steppe
In physical geography, a steppe is an ecoregion characterized by grassland plains without closed forests except near rivers and lakes.
Sunni Islam
Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims, and simultaneously the largest religious denomination in the world.
Syria
Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant.
See Hauran and Syria
Syrian Army
The Syrian Army (SyA or SA), officially the Syrian Arab Army (SyAA or SAA) (al-Jayš al-ʿArabī as-Sūrī), is the land force branch of the Syrian Armed Forces.
Syrian civil war
The Syrian civil war is an ongoing multi-sided conflict in Syria involving various state-sponsored and non-state actors.
See Hauran and Syrian civil war
Tafas
Tafas (طفس, also spelled Tafs or Tuffas) is a town in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located north of Daraa.
See Hauran and Tafas
Tanzimat
The (lit, see nizam) was a period of reform in the Ottoman Empire that began with the Gülhane Hatt-ı Şerif in 1839 and ended with the First Constitutional Era in 1876.
Tell al-Hara
Tell al-Ḥāra, formerly known as Ḥārith al-Jawlān or Jabal Ḥārith, is the highest point in the Daraa Governorate.
Topography
Topography is the study of the forms and features of land surfaces.
Trajan
Trajan (born Marcus Ulpius Traianus, adopted name Caesar Nerva Traianus; 18 September 53) was a Roman emperor from AD 98 to 117, remembered as the second of the Five Good Emperors of the Nerva–Antonine dynasty.
Transjordan (region)
Transjordan, the East Bank, or the Transjordanian Highlands (شرق الأردن), is the part of the Southern Levant east of the Jordan River, mostly contained in present-day Jordan.
See Hauran and Transjordan (region)
Tubna
Tubna (تبنة, also spelled Tibna or Tebnah) is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate in the Hauran region.
See Hauran and Tubna
Turkish people
Turkish people or Turks (Türkler) are the largest Turkic people who speak various dialects of the Turkish language and form a majority in Turkey and Northern Cyprus.
Twelver Shi'ism
Twelver Shīʿism (ٱثْنَا عَشَرِيَّة), also known as Imāmiyya (إِمَامِيَّة), is the largest branch of Shīʿa, comprising about 90% of all Shīas.
See Hauran and Twelver Shi'ism
Ultimate tensile strength
Ultimate tensile strength (also called UTS, tensile strength, TS, ultimate strength or F_\text in notation) is the maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking.
See Hauran and Ultimate tensile strength
Umayyad Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate or Umayyad Empire (al-Khilāfa al-Umawiyya) was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty.
See Hauran and Umayyad Caliphate
Umm el-Jimal
Umm el-Jimal (امالجمال, "Mother of Camels"), also rendered as Umm ej Jemāl, Umm al-Jimal or Umm idj-Djimal, is a village in northern Jordan approximately 17 kilometers east of Mafraq.
United Arab Republic
The United Arab Republic (UAR; translit) was a sovereign state in the Middle East from 1958 until 1961.
See Hauran and United Arab Republic
University of London
The University of London (UoL; abbreviated as Lond or more rarely Londin in post-nominals) is a federal public research university located in London, England, United Kingdom.
See Hauran and University of London
Upper Mesopotamia
Upper Mesopotamia constitutes the uplands and great outwash plain of northwestern Iraq, northeastern Syria and southeastern Turkey, in the northern Middle East.
See Hauran and Upper Mesopotamia
Urman, Syria
Urman (عرمان; also spelled Orman or Arman) is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Salkhad District of the al-Suwayda Governorate.
Vernacular architecture
Vernacular architecture (also folk architecture) is building done outside any academic tradition, and without professional guidance.
See Hauran and Vernacular architecture
Via Traiana Nova
The Via Traiana Nova or Trajan's New Road, previously known as the ''Via Regia'' or King's Highway, was an ancient Roman road built by Emperor Trajan in the province of Arabia Petraea, from Aqaba on the Red Sea to Bostra.
See Hauran and Via Traiana Nova
Wadi al-Taym
Wadi al-Taym (Wādī al-Taym), also transliterated as Wadi el-Taym, is a wadi (dry river) that forms a large fertile valley in Lebanon, in the districts of Rachaya and Hasbaya on the western slopes of Mount Hermon.
Warwick Ball
Warwick Ball is an Australia-born Near-Eastern archaeologist.
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.
Yaqut al-Hamawi
Yāqūt Shihāb al-Dīn ibn-ʿAbdullāh al-Rūmī al-Ḥamawī (1179–1229) (ياقوت الحموي الرومي) was a Muslim scholar of Byzantine ancestry active during the late Abbasid period (12th–13th centuries).
See Hauran and Yaqut al-Hamawi
Zenodorus (son of Lysanias)
Zenodorus (Ζηνόδωρος) was the ruler of a small principality in the vicinity of Damascus described by Josephus as the "house of Lysanias", 23-20 BCE.
See Hauran and Zenodorus (son of Lysanias)
Zionism
Zionism is an ethno-cultural nationalist movement that emerged in Europe in the late 19th century and aimed for the establishment of a Jewish state through the colonization of a land outside of Europe.
1838 Druze revolt
The 1838 Druze revoltGoren, Haim.
See Hauran and 1838 Druze revolt
1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus
The 1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus, also known as the 1860 Syrian Civil War and the 1860 Christian–Druze war, was a civil conflict in Mount Lebanon during Ottoman rule in 1860–1861 fought mainly between the local Druze and Christians.
See Hauran and 1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus
2018 Southern Syria offensive
The 2018 Southern Syria offensive, code-named Operation Basalt (عملية البازلت), was a military operation launched by the Syrian Arab Army (SAA) and its allies against the rebels and ISIL in Southern Syria.
See Hauran and 2018 Southern Syria offensive
See also
Herod the Great
- 31 BC Judea earthquake
- Abilene (ancient)
- Acme (enslaved woman)
- Antipater (son of Herod the Great)
- Antipater the Idumaean
- Antonia Fortress
- Ashdod (ancient city)
- Batanaea
- Convent of the Sisters of Zion
- Cultural depictions of Herod the Great
- Gamla
- Hauran
- Herod the Great
- Herod's Palace
- Herod's Palace (Herodium)
- Herod's Palace (Jerusalem)
- Herod's family tomb
- Herodian architecture
- Herodians
- Herodium
- Hezekiah's Pool
- Holyland Model of Jerusalem
- Iturea
- Lajat
- Machaerus
- Mamilla Pool
- Massacre of the Innocents
- Matthew 2
- Matthew 2:1
- Matthew 2:12
- Matthew 2:15
- Matthew 2:16
- Matthew 2:19
- Matthew 2:2
- Matthew 2:22
- Matthew 2:3
- Matthew 2:4
- Matthew 2:5
- Matthew 2:6
- Matthew 2:7
- Matthew 2:8
- Robinson's Arch
- Royal Stoa (Jerusalem)
- Second Temple
- Siege of Jerusalem (37 BC)
- Solomon's Stables
- Zedekiah's Cave
Historical regions of Jordan
- Al-Sharat
- Balqa (region)
- Hauran
- Midian
Landforms of Jordan
- Balqa (region)
- Hauran
- Jabal Ahmad al Baqir
- Jordan Rift Valley
- Jordan Valley
- Lisan Peninsula
- Ma'in Hot Springs
- Siq
Landforms of Syria
- Great Rift Valley
- Hauran
- Houtat Sulūk
Lava plateaus
- Big Raven Plateau
- Biu Plateau
- Caja del Rio
- Cariboo Plateau
- Chilcotin Plateau
- Deccan Plateau
- Dil-Dil Plateau
- Elysium (volcanic province)
- Fraser Plateau
- Golan Heights
- Hauran
- Heart Peaks
- Javakheti Plateau
- Kitsu Plateau
- Lakshmi Planum
- Letha Taung
- Level Mountain
- Mount Edziza volcanic complex
- Nechako Plateau
- Ngaoundere Plateau
- Plaine des Sables
- Putorana Plateau
- Siletzia
- Spatsizi Plateau
- Tamborine Mountain
- Tharsis
- Tolmachev Dol
- Tsalka Plateau
- Upper and Lower Table Rock
- Wrangellia Terrane
Philip the Tetrarch
- Abilene (ancient)
- Banias
- Batanaea
- Bethsaida
- Confession of Peter
- Golan
- Hauran
- Herodian tetrarchy
- Iturea
- Lajat
- Luke 3
- Philip the Tetrarch
Regions of Syria
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hauran
Also known as Amrah, Auranitis, El Jeidur, Haouran, Hawran, Hawrān, Haūrān, Horan (Syria), Houran, Howran, , חורן, حوران.
, Assyria, Ataman, Syria, Ayyubid dynasty, Azd, Ba'ath Party, Balqa (region), Balqa Governorate, Banu Fazara, Banu Murra, Banu Nu'aym, Banu Uqayl, Barid, Basalt, Bashar al-Assad, Bassir, Batanaea, Battle of Ain Dara, Battle of Ain Jalut, Battle of Bosra, Battle of Maysalun, Battle of Panium, Battle of the Yarmuk, Bedouin, Bilad al-Sham, Book of Deuteronomy, Bosra, Breadbasket, Burid dynasty, Byzantine Empire, Caliphate, Cantilever, Chalcedonian Christianity, Christianity in Syria, Cinder cone, Circassians in Syria, Coele-Syria, Combating Terrorism Center, Corbel, Crusades, Da'el, Damascus, Daraa, Daraa District, Daraa Governorate, Daraa Governorate campaign, Dead Cities, Dhibin, Dominique Sourdel, Druze, Edmond James de Rothschild, Edom, Ethnological Museum of Berlin, Euphrates, Faisal I of Iraq, Fatimid Caliphate, Free Syrian Army, Galilee, Gaza City, Ghabaghib, Ghasm, Ghassanids, Ghuta, Golan Heights, Gottlieb Schumacher, Great Syrian Revolt, Greek Orthodox Church, Hafez al-Assad, Haifa, Hajj, Hanna Batatu, Hasmonean dynasty, Hebrew Bible, Hejaz railway, Hellenistic art, Hellenization, Hermann Burchardt, Herod Agrippa II, Herod the Great, Herodian tetrarchy, Hit, Syria, Howard Crosby Butler, Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt, Idlib Governorate, Ikhshidid dynasty, Imperial Roman army, Iqta', Ira, Syria, Irbid, Irbid Governorate, Islamic State, Ismail al-Atrash, Israel, Istakhri, Iturea, Izra, Izra District, Jabal al-Druze, Jabal Druze State, Jabiyah, Jasim, Jaysh al-Muwahhidin, Jerusalem, Johann Ludwig Burckhardt, Jordan, Judea, Jund Dimashq, Khabab, Kharaba, Khirbet Ghazaleh, Khiyarat Dannun, Kingdom of Israel (Samaria), Lajat, Lakhmid kingdom, Lebanon, Levant, Lintel, Maaraba, Daraa, Mamluk Sultanate, Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon, Marj al-Saffar, Marwan I, Masonry, Mecca, Medina, Mediterranean Sea, Mehmed Fuad Pasha, Mehmed Rashid Pasha, Melchior de Vogüé, Melkite Greek Catholic Church, Ministry of Culture (Italy), Monophysitism, Mount Hermon, Mount Lebanon, Mu'awiya II, Muslim conquest of the Levant, Muzayrib, Nabataean architecture, Nabataean Kingdom, Nabataeans, Nabatieh, Najran, Syria, Nasib Border Crossing, Nasib, Syria, Nawa, Syria, Nerva–Antonine dynasty, Ottoman Egypt, Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Land Code of 1858, Palestine (region), Palestine Exploration Fund, Petra, Philip the Arab, Philip the Tetrarch, Phylarch, Precipitation, Princeton University, Ptolemaic dynasty, Qanawat, Qarmatians, Quneitra Governorate, Rabbel II Soter, Rasas, Red Sea, Region, Roman Empire, Roman Syria, Ruqqad, Ruwallah, Saham al-Jawlan, Saida, Syria, Salafi movement, Salihids, Salkhad, Samaqiyat, Sasanian Empire, Seleucid dynasty, Seleucid Empire, Semitic languages, Shahba, Shammar, Shaqqa, Sharifian Army, Sheikh, Shia Islam, Sinai Peninsula, Slaim, Syria, South Arabia, Southern Front (Syrian rebel group), Spring (hydrology), State of Damascus, Steppe, Sunni Islam, Syria, Syrian Army, Syrian civil war, Tafas, Tanzimat, Tell al-Hara, Topography, Trajan, Transjordan (region), Tubna, Turkish people, Twelver Shi'ism, Ultimate tensile strength, Umayyad Caliphate, Umm el-Jimal, United Arab Republic, University of London, Upper Mesopotamia, Urman, Syria, Vernacular architecture, Via Traiana Nova, Wadi al-Taym, Warwick Ball, World War II, Yaqut al-Hamawi, Zenodorus (son of Lysanias), Zionism, 1838 Druze revolt, 1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus, 2018 Southern Syria offensive.