Bangladesh & India - Unionpedia, the concept map

Abbasid Caliphate

The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (translit) was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

Abbasid Caliphate and Bangladesh · Abbasid Caliphate and India · See more »

Amphibian

Amphibians are ectothermic, anamniotic, four-limbed vertebrate animals that constitute the class Amphibia.

Amphibian and Bangladesh · Amphibian and India · See more »

Associated Press

The Associated Press (AP) is an American not-for-profit news agency headquartered in New York City.

Associated Press and Bangladesh · Associated Press and India · See more »

Association football

Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players each, who primarily use their feet to propel a ball around a rectangular field called a pitch.

Association football and Bangladesh · Association football and India · See more »

Austroasiatic languages

The Austroasiatic languages are a large language family spoken throughout Mainland Southeast Asia, South Asia and East Asia.

Austroasiatic languages and Bangladesh · Austroasiatic languages and India · See more »

Bangladesh Liberation War

The Bangladesh Liberation War (মুক্তিযুদ্ধ), also known as the Bangladesh War of Independence and known as the Liberation War in Bangladesh, was an armed conflict sparked by the rise of the Bengali nationalist and self-determination movement in East Pakistan, which resulted in the independence of Bangladesh. The war began when the Pakistani military junta based in West Pakistan—under the orders of Yahya Khan—launched Operation Searchlight against the people of East Pakistan on the night of 25 March 1971, initiating the Bangladesh genocide. In response to the violence, members of the Mukti Bahini—a guerrilla resistance movement formed by Bengali military, paramilitary and civilians—launched a mass guerrilla war against the Pakistani military, liberating numerous towns and cities in the war's initial months. At first, the Pakistan Army regained momentum during the monsoon, but, Bengali guerrillas counterattacked by carrying out widespread sabotage, including through Operation Jackpot against the Pakistan Navy, while the nascent Bangladesh Air Force flew sorties against Pakistani military bases. India joined the war on 3 December 1971, after Pakistan launched preemptive air strikes on northern India. The subsequent Indo-Pakistani War involved fighting on two fronts; with air supremacy achieved in the eastern theatre, and the rapid advance of the Allied Forces of Mukti Bahini and the Indian military, Pakistan surrendered in Dhaka on 16 December 1971, in what remains to date the largest surrender of armed personnel since the Second World War. Rural and urban areas across East Pakistan saw extensive military operations and air strikes to suppress the tide of civil disobedience that formed after the 1970 election stalemate. The Pakistan Army, backed by Islamists, created radical religious militias—the Razakars, Al-Badr and Al-Shams—to assist it during raids on the local populace. Members of the Pakistani military and supporting militias engaged in mass murder, deportation and genocidal rape, pursuing a systematic campaign of annihilation against nationalist Bengali civilians, students, intelligentsia, religious minorities and armed personnel. The capital, Dhaka, was the scene of numerous massacres, including the Dhaka University massacre. Sectarian violence also broke out between Bengalis and Urdu-speaking Biharis. An estimated 10 million Bengali refugees fled to neighbouring India, while 30 million were internally displaced. The war changed the geopolitical landscape of South Asia, with the emergence of Bangladesh as the world's seventh-most populous country. Due to complex regional alliances, the war was a major episode in Cold War tensions involving the United States, the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China. The majority of member states in the United Nations recognised Bangladesh as a sovereign nation in 1972.

Bangladesh and Bangladesh Liberation War · Bangladesh Liberation War and India · See more »

Baul

The Baul (বাউল) are a group of mystic minstrels of mixed elements of Sufism and Vaishnavism from different parts of Bangladesh and the neighboring Indian states of West Bengal, Tripura and Assam's Barak Valley and Meghalaya.

Bangladesh and Baul · Baul and India · See more »

Bay of Bengal

The Bay of Bengal is the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean.

Bangladesh and Bay of Bengal · Bay of Bengal and India · See more »

BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England.

BBC and Bangladesh · BBC and India · See more »

BBC News

BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs in the UK and around the world.

BBC News and Bangladesh · BBC News and India · See more »

Bengal

Geographical distribution of the Bengali language Bengal (Bôṅgo) or endonym Bangla (Bāṅlā) is a historical geographical, ethnolinguistic and cultural term referring to a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal.

Bangladesh and Bengal · Bengal and India · See more »

Bengal tiger

The Bengal tiger is a population of the Panthera tigris tigris subspecies and the nominate tiger subspecies.

Bangladesh and Bengal tiger · Bengal tiger and India · See more »

Bengali language

Bengali, also known by its endonym Bangla (বাংলা), is an Indo-Aryan language from the Indo-European language family native to the Bengal region of South Asia.

Bangladesh and Bengali language · Bengali language and India · See more »

Bhutan

Bhutan (Dzongkha: འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་ཁབ), officially the Kingdom of Bhutan, is a landlocked country in South Asia situated in the Eastern Himalayas between China in the north and India in the south.

Bangladesh and Bhutan · Bhutan and India · See more »

Bihar

Bihar is a state in Eastern India.

Bangladesh and Bihar · Bihar and India · See more »

Biryani

Biryani is a mixed rice dish, mainly popular in South Asia and Iran.

Bangladesh and Biryani · Biryani and India · See more »

Brahmaputra River

The Brahmaputra is a trans-boundary river which flows through Tibet (China), Northeastern India, and Bangladesh.

Bangladesh and Brahmaputra River · Brahmaputra River and India · See more »

Brill Publishers

Brill Academic Publishers, also known as E. J. Brill, Koninklijke Brill, Brill, is a Dutch international academic publisher of books and journals.

Bangladesh and Brill Publishers · Brill Publishers and India · See more »

British Empire

The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states.

Bangladesh and British Empire · British Empire and India · See more »

Buddhism

Buddhism, also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or 5th century BCE.

Bangladesh and Buddhism · Buddhism and India · See more »

Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.

Bangladesh and Cambridge University Press · Cambridge University Press and India · See more »

Cardamom

Cardamom, sometimes cardamon or cardamum, is a spice made from the seeds of several plants in the genera Elettaria and Amomum in the family Zingiberaceae.

Bangladesh and Cardamom · Cardamom and India · See more »

Central Intelligence Agency

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), known informally as the Agency, metonymously as Langley and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT) and conducting covert action through its Directorate of Operations.

Bangladesh and Central Intelligence Agency · Central Intelligence Agency and India · See more »

Chalcolithic

The Chalcolithic (also called the Copper Age and Eneolithic) was an archaeological period characterized by the increasing use of smelted copper.

Bangladesh and Chalcolithic · Chalcolithic and India · See more »

Chital

The chital or cheetal (Axis axis), also known as the spotted deer, chital deer and axis deer, is a deer species native to the Indian subcontinent.

Bangladesh and Chital · Chital and India · See more »

Commonwealth of Nations

The Commonwealth of Nations, often simply referred to as the Commonwealth, is an international association of 56 member states, the vast majority of which are former territories of the British Empire from which it developed.

Bangladesh and Commonwealth of Nations · Commonwealth of Nations and India · See more »

Company rule in India

Company rule in India (sometimes Company Raj, from lit) was the rule of the British East India Company on the Indian subcontinent.

Bangladesh and Company rule in India · Company rule in India and India · See more »

Coriander

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum), also known as cilantro, is an annual herb in the family Apiaceae.

Bangladesh and Coriander · Coriander and India · See more »

Corruption Perceptions Index

The Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) is an index that scores and ranks countries by their perceived levels of public sector corruption, as assessed by experts and business executives.

Bangladesh and Corruption Perceptions Index · Corruption Perceptions Index and India · See more »

Cricket World Cup

The Cricket World Cup (officially known as ICC Men's Cricket World Cup) is the international championship of One Day International (ODI) cricket.

Bangladesh and Cricket World Cup · Cricket World Cup and India · See more »

Delhi Sultanate

The Delhi Sultanate or the Sultanate of Delhi was a late medieval empire primarily based in Delhi that stretched over large parts of the Indian subcontinent, for 320 years (1206–1526).

Bangladesh and Delhi Sultanate · Delhi Sultanate and India · See more »

Dhoti

The dhoti, also known as veshti, mardani, dhotar, jaiñboh, or panchey, is a piece of cloth arranged around the legs to resemble trousers.

Bangladesh and Dhoti · Dhoti and India · See more »

Dominion of Pakistan

The Dominion of Pakistan, officially Pakistan, was an independent federal dominion in the British Commonwealth of Nations, existing between 14 August 1947 and 23 March 1956, created by the passing of the Indian Independence Act 1947 by the British parliament, which also created an independent Dominion of India.

Bangladesh and Dominion of Pakistan · Dominion of Pakistan and India · See more »

Durga Puja

Durga Puja (ISO), also known as Durgotsava or Sharodotsav, is an annual festival originating in the Indian subcontinent which reveres and pays homage to the Hindu goddess Durga, and is also celebrated because of Durga's victory over Mahishasura.

Bangladesh and Durga Puja · Durga Puja and India · See more »

East India Company

The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874.

Bangladesh and East India Company · East India Company and India · See more »

Economist Intelligence Unit

The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) is the research and analysis division of the Economist Group, providing forecasting and advisory services through research and analysis, such as monthly country reports, five-year country economic forecasts, country risk service reports, and industry reports.

Bangladesh and Economist Intelligence Unit · Economist Intelligence Unit and India · See more »

Eid al-Adha

Eid al-Adha is the second of the two main holidays in Islam alongside Eid al-Fitr.

Bangladesh and Eid al-Adha · Eid al-Adha and India · See more »

Federal Research Division

The Federal Research Division (FRD) is the research and analysis unit of the United States Library of Congress.

Bangladesh and Federal Research Division · Federal Research Division and India · See more »

Ganges

The Ganges (in India: Ganga,; in Bangladesh: Padma). "The Ganges Basin, known in India as the Ganga and in Bangladesh as the Padma, is an international river which goes through India, Bangladesh, Nepal and China." is a trans-boundary river of Asia which flows through India and Bangladesh. The -long river rises in the western Himalayas in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. It flows south and east through the Gangetic plain of North India, receiving the right-bank tributary, the Yamuna, which also rises in the western Indian Himalayas, and several left-bank tributaries from Nepal that account for the bulk of its flow. In West Bengal state, India, a feeder canal taking off from its right bank diverts 50% of its flow southwards, artificially connecting it to the Hooghly River. The Ganges continues into Bangladesh, its name changing to the Padma. It is then joined by the Jamuna, the lower stream of the Brahmaputra, and eventually the Meghna, forming the major estuary of the Ganges Delta, and emptying into the Bay of Bengal. The Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna system is the second-largest river on earth by discharge. The main stem of the Ganges begins at the town of Devprayag, at the confluence of the Alaknanda, which is the source stream in hydrology on account of its greater length, and the Bhagirathi, which is considered the source stream in Hindu mythology. The Ganges is a lifeline to tens of millions of people who live in its basin and depend on it for their daily needs. It has been important historically, with many former provincial or imperial capitals such as Pataliputra, Kannauj, Sonargaon, Dhaka, Bikrampur, Kara, Munger, Kashi, Patna, Hajipur, Delhi, Bhagalpur, Murshidabad, Baharampur, Kampilya, and Kolkata located on its banks or those of its tributaries and connected waterways. The river is home to approximately 140 species of fish, 90 species of amphibians, and also reptiles and mammals, including critically endangered species such as the gharial and South Asian river dolphin. The Ganges is the most sacred river to Hindus. It is worshipped as the goddess Ganga in Hinduism. The Ganges is threatened by severe pollution. This not only poses a danger to humans but also to many species of animals. The levels of fecal coliform bacteria from human waste in the river near Varanasi are more than 100 times the Indian government's official limit. The Ganga Action Plan, an environmental initiative to clean up the river, has been considered a failure, The Times of India, 19 March 2010 which is variously attributed to corruption, a lack of will in the government, poor technical expertise, poor environmental planning, and a lack of support from religious authorities.

Bangladesh and Ganges · Ganges and India · See more »

Ginger

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a flowering plant whose rhizome, ginger root or ginger, is widely used as a spice and a folk medicine.

Bangladesh and Ginger · Ginger and India · See more »

Global Innovation Index

The Global Innovation Index is an annual ranking of countries by their capacity for, and success in, innovation, published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).

Bangladesh and Global Innovation Index · Global Innovation Index and India · See more »

Gupta Empire

The Gupta Empire was an ancient Indian empire on the Indian subcontinent which existed from the mid 3rd century CE to mid 6th century CE.

Bangladesh and Gupta Empire · Gupta Empire and India · See more »

Harvard University Press

Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing.

Bangladesh and Harvard University Press · Harvard University Press and India · See more »

Hindu temple architecture

Hindu temple architecture as the main form of Hindu architecture has many varieties of style, though the basic nature of the Hindu temple remains the same, with the essential feature an inner sanctum, the garbha griha or womb-chamber, where the primary Murti or the image of a deity is housed in a simple bare cell.

Bangladesh and Hindu temple architecture · Hindu temple architecture and India · See more »

Hinduism

Hinduism is an Indian religion or dharma, a religious and universal order by which its followers abide.

Bangladesh and Hinduism · Hinduism and India · See more »

Human Development Index

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a statistical composite index of life expectancy, education (mean years of schooling completed and expected years of schooling upon entering the education system), and per capita income indicators, which is used to rank countries into four tiers of human development.

Bangladesh and Human Development Index · Human Development Index and India · See more »

Indian classical dance

Indian classical dance, or Shastriya Nritya, is an umbrella term for different regionally-specific Indian classical dance traditions, rooted in predominantly Hindu musical theatre performance,, Quote: All of the dances considered to be part of the Indian classical canon (Bharata Natyam, Chhau, Kathak, Kathakali, Kuchipudi, Manipuri, Mohiniattam, Odissi, Sattriya, and Yakshagana) trace their roots to religious practices (...) the Indian diaspora has led to the translocation of Hindu dances to Europe, North America and the world." the theory and practice of which can be traced to the Sanskrit text Natya Shastra. The number of Indian classical dance styles ranges from six to eight to twelve, or more, depending on the source and scholar; the main organisation for Indian arts preservation, the Sangeet Natak Academy recognizes eight: Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Kuchipudi, Odissi, Kathakali, Sattriya, Manipuri and Mohiniyattam.

Bangladesh and Indian classical dance · India and Indian classical dance · See more »

Indian classical music

Indian Classical Music is the classical music of the Indian Subcontinent.

Bangladesh and Indian classical music · India and Indian classical music · See more »

Indian independence movement

The Indian Independence Movement was a series of historic events in South Asia with the ultimate aim of ending British colonial rule.

Bangladesh and Indian independence movement · India and Indian independence movement · See more »

Indian National Congress

|position.

Bangladesh and Indian National Congress · India and Indian National Congress · See more »

Indian Rebellion of 1857

The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a major uprising in India in 1857–58 against the rule of the British East India Company, which functioned as a sovereign power on behalf of the British Crown.

Bangladesh and Indian Rebellion of 1857 · India and Indian Rebellion of 1857 · See more »

Indian subcontinent

The Indian subcontinent is a physiographical region in Southern Asia, mostly situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian Ocean from the Himalayas.

Bangladesh and Indian subcontinent · India and Indian subcontinent · See more »

Indo-Pakistani war of 1965

The Indo-Pakistani war of 1965, also known as the second India–Pakistan war, was an armed conflict between Pakistan and India that took place from August 1965 to September 1965.

Bangladesh and Indo-Pakistani war of 1965 · India and Indo-Pakistani war of 1965 · See more »

Indo-Saracenic architecture

Indo-Saracenic architecture (also known as Indo-Gothic, Mughal-Gothic, Neo-Mughal, in the 19th century often Indo-Islamic style) was a revivalist architectural style mostly used by British architects in India in the later 19th century, especially in public and government buildings in the British Raj, and the palaces of rulers of the princely states.

Bangladesh and Indo-Saracenic architecture · India and Indo-Saracenic architecture · See more »

Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution, sometimes divided into the First Industrial Revolution and Second Industrial Revolution, was a period of global transition of the human economy towards more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes that succeeded the Agricultural Revolution.

Bangladesh and Industrial Revolution · India and Industrial Revolution · See more »

International Futures

International Futures (IFs) is a global integrated assessment model designed to help with thinking strategically and systematically about key global systems (economic, demographic, education, health, environment, technology, domestic governance, infrastructure, agriculture, energy and environment).

Bangladesh and International Futures · India and International Futures · See more »

Iron Age

The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three historical Metal Ages, after the Chalcolithic and Bronze Age.

Bangladesh and Iron Age · India and Iron Age · See more »

Islam

Islam (al-Islām) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder.

Bangladesh and Islam · India and Islam · See more »

Jahangir

Nur-ud-din Muhammad Salim (31 August 1569 – 28 October 1627), known by his imperial name Jahangir, was the fourth Mughal Emperor, who ruled from 1605 till his death in 1627.

Bangladesh and Jahangir · India and Jahangir · See more »

Jatra (theatre)

Jatra (origin: Yatra meaning procession or journey in Sanskrit) is a popular folk-theatre form Bengali theatre, spread throughout most of Bengali speaking areas of the Indian subcontinent, including Bangladesh and Indian states of West Bengal, Assam, Odisha and Tripura As of 2005, there were some 55 troupes based in Calcutta's old Jatra district, Chitpur Road, and all together, is a $21m-a-year industry, performed on nearly 4,000 stages in West Bengal alone, where in 2001, over 300 companies employed over 20,000 people, more than the local film industry and urban theatre.

Bangladesh and Jatra (theatre) · India and Jatra (theatre) · See more »

Kabaddi

Kabaddi is a contact team sport played between two teams of seven players, originating in ancient India.

Bangladesh and Kabaddi · India and Kabaddi · See more »

Kathak

Kathak (Devanagari: कथक) is one of the nine major forms of Indian classical dance.

Bangladesh and Kathak · India and Kathak · See more »

Kokborok

Kokborok (or Tripuri) is a Tibeto-Burman language of the Indian state of Tripura and neighbouring areas of Bangladesh.

Bangladesh and Kokborok · India and Kokborok · See more »

Kolkata

Kolkata, formerly known as Calcutta (its official name until 2001), is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of West Bengal.

Bangladesh and Kolkata · India and Kolkata · See more »

Kurta

A Kurta word comes from Urdu, and its Persian root is kurtah, "a collarless shirt." A kurta is a loose collarless shirt or tunic worn in many regions of South Asia, (subscription required) Quote: "A loose shirt or tunic worn by men and women." Quote: "Kurta: a loose shirt without a collar, worn by women and men from South Asia" and now also worn around the world.

Bangladesh and Kurta · India and Kurta · See more »

Lentil

The lentil (Vicia lens or Lens culinaris) is an edible legume.

Bangladesh and Lentil · India and Lentil · See more »

Library of Congress

The Library of Congress (LOC) is a research library in Washington, D.C. that serves as the library and research service of the U.S. Congress and the de facto national library of the United States.

Bangladesh and Library of Congress · India and Library of Congress · See more »

List of countries by labour force

This is a list of countries by size of the labour force mostly based on The World Factbook.

Bangladesh and List of countries by labour force · India and List of countries by labour force · See more »

Maldives

The Maldives, officially the Republic of Maldives, and historically known as the Maldive Islands, is a country and archipelagic state in South Asia in the Indian Ocean.

Bangladesh and Maldives · India and Maldives · See more »

Mango

A mango is an edible stone fruit produced by the tropical tree Mangifera indica.

Bangladesh and Mango · India and Mango · See more »

Manipuri dance

Manipuri dance, also referred to as the Manipuri Raas Leela (script), is a jagoi and is one of the major Indian classical dance forms, originating from the state of Manipur. It is one of the greatest cultural achievements of the traditional Vaishnavism adhering Meitei people of Manipur. Owing to the Meitei civilization, the classical dance form, first formally developed by Meitei Hindu king Rajarshi Bhagyachandra of the Kingdom of Manipur, is considered to be the highest spiritual expression of the worship of Hindu deity Krishna. Owing to its huge influences on the diverse cultural heritages across the Indian subcontinent, it is recognised by the Sangeet Natak Akademi of the Ministry of Culture of the Government of India as one of the few primary classical dance forms of the Republic of India, and is honoured with the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for Manipuri annually. It is referred to as the "national dance" during the Armenia-India joint issue of postage stamps, as a part of the Armenia-India international relations. It is imbued with the devotional themes of Madhura Raas of Radha-Krishna and characterised by gentle eyes and soft peaceful body movements. The facial expressions are peaceful mostly expressing Bhakti Rasa or the emotion of devotion, no matter if a dancer is Hindu or not. The dance form is based on Hindu scriptures of Vaishnavism and is exclusively attached to the worship of Radha and Krishna. It is a portrayal of the dance of divine love of Krishna with goddess Radha and the cowherd damsels of Vrindavan, famously known as the Raas Leela. The roots of the Manipuri Raas Leela dance, as with all classical Indian dances, is the ancient Hindu Sanskrit text Natya Shastra, with influences and the culture fusion between various local folk dance forms. With evidence of Vishnu temples in the medieval era, this dance form has been passed down verbally from generation to generation as an oral tradition. At a time when other Indian classical dances were struggling to shake off the stigma of decadent crudity and disrepute, the Manipuri classical dance was a top favorite with girls of 'respectable' families. This Manipuri dance drama is, for most part is entirely religious and is considered to be a purely spiritual experience. It is accompanied with devotional music created with many instruments, with the beat set by cymbals (kartal or manjira) and double-headed drum (pung or Manipuri mrdanga) of sankirtan. The dance drama choreography shares the plays and stories of Vaishnavite Padavalis, that also inspired the major Gaudiya Vaishnava-related performance arts found in Assam and West Bengal. Though the term Manipuri Dance is associated with the Raas Leela, Manipuri dance consists of jagoi, cholom and huyen langlon.

Bangladesh and Manipuri dance · India and Manipuri dance · See more »

Meitei language

Meitei, also known as Manipuri, is a Tibeto-Burman language of northeast India.

Bangladesh and Meitei language · India and Meitei language · See more »

Monsoon

A monsoon is traditionally a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with annual latitudinal oscillation of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) between its limits to the north and south of the equator.

Bangladesh and Monsoon · India and Monsoon · See more »

Mughal architecture

Mughal architecture is the type of Indo-Islamic architecture developed by the Mughals in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries throughout the ever-changing extent of their empire in the Indian subcontinent.

Bangladesh and Mughal architecture · India and Mughal architecture · See more »

Mughal Empire

The Mughal Empire was an early modern empire in South Asia.

Bangladesh and Mughal Empire · India and Mughal Empire · See more »

Multi-party system

In political science, a multi-party system is a political system where more than two meaningfully-distinct political parties regularly run for office and win elections.

Bangladesh and Multi-party system · India and Multi-party system · See more »

Myanmar

Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and also known as Burma (the official name until 1989), is a country in Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has a population of about 55 million. It is bordered by Bangladesh and India to its northwest, China to its northeast, Laos and Thailand to its east and southeast, and the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal to its south and southwest. The country's capital city is Naypyidaw, and its largest city is Yangon (formerly Rangoon). Early civilisations in the area included the Tibeto-Burman-speaking Pyu city-states in Upper Myanmar and the Mon kingdoms in Lower Myanmar. In the 9th century, the Bamar people entered the upper Irrawaddy valley, and following the establishment of the Pagan Kingdom in the 1050s, the Burmese language, culture, and Theravada Buddhism slowly became dominant in the country. The Pagan Kingdom fell to Mongol invasions, and several warring states emerged. In the 16th century, reunified by the Taungoo dynasty, the country became the largest empire in the history of Southeast Asia for a short period. The early 19th-century Konbaung dynasty ruled over an area that included modern Myanmar and briefly controlled Manipur and Assam as well. The British East India Company seized control of the administration of Myanmar after three Anglo-Burmese Wars in the 19th century, and the country became a British colony. After a brief Japanese occupation, Myanmar was reconquered by the Allies. On 4 January 1948, Myanmar declared independence under the terms of the Burma Independence Act 1947. Myanmar's post-independence history has continued to be checkered by unrest and conflict. The coup d'état in 1962 resulted in a military dictatorship under the Burma Socialist Programme Party. On 8 August 1988, the 8888 Uprising then resulted in a nominal transition to a multi-party system two years later, but the country's post-uprising military council refused to cede power, and has continued to rule the country through to the present. The country remains riven by ethnic strife among its myriad ethnic groups and has one of the world's longest-running ongoing civil wars. The United Nations and several other organisations have reported consistent and systemic human rights violations in the country. In 2011, the military junta was officially dissolved following a 2010 general election, and a nominally civilian government was installed. Aung San Suu Kyi and political prisoners were released and the 2015 Myanmar general election was held, leading to improved foreign relations and eased economic sanctions, although the country's treatment of its ethnic minorities, particularly in connection with the Rohingya conflict, continued to be a source of international tension and consternation. Following the 2020 Myanmar general election, in which Aung San Suu Kyi’s party won a clear majority in both houses, the Burmese military (Tatmadaw) again seized power in a coup d'état. The coup, which was widely condemned by the international community, led to continuous ongoing widespread protests in Myanmar and has been marked by violent political repression by the military, as well as a larger outbreak of the civil war. The military also arrested Aung San Suu Kyi in order to remove her from public life, and charged her with crimes ranging from corruption to the violation of COVID-19 protocols; all of the charges against her are "politically motivated" according to independent observers. Myanmar is a member of the East Asia Summit, Non-Aligned Movement, ASEAN, and BIMSTEC, but it is not a member of the Commonwealth of Nations despite once being part of the British Empire. Myanmar is a Dialogue Partner of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The country is very rich in natural resources, such as jade, gems, oil, natural gas, teak and other minerals, as well as also endowed with renewable energy, having the highest solar power potential compared to other countries of the Great Mekong Subregion. However, Myanmar has long suffered from instability, factional violence, corruption, poor infrastructure, as well as a long history of colonial exploitation with little regard to human development. In 2013, its GDP (nominal) stood at US$56.7 billion and its GDP (PPP) at US$221.5 billion. The income gap in Myanmar is among the widest in the world, as a large proportion of the economy is controlled by cronies of the military junta. Myanmar is one of the least developed countries; as of 2020, according to the Human Development Index, it ranks 147 out of 189 countries in terms of human development, the lowest in Southeast Asia. Since 2021, more than 600,000 people were displaced across Myanmar due to the surge in violence post-coup, with more than 3 million people in dire need of humanitarian assistance.

Bangladesh and Myanmar · India and Myanmar · See more »

Nelumbo nucifera

Nelumbo nucifera, also known as sacred lotus, Indian lotus, or simply lotus, is one of two extant species of aquatic plant in the family Nelumbonaceae.

Bangladesh and Nelumbo nucifera · India and Nelumbo nucifera · See more »

Nepal

Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country in South Asia.

Bangladesh and Nepal · India and Nepal · See more »

Nobel Prize in Literature

The Nobel Prize in Literature (here meaning for literature; Nobelpriset i litteratur) is a Swedish literature prize that is awarded annually, since 1901, to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel, "in the field of literature, produced the most outstanding work in an idealistic direction" (original den som inom litteraturen har producerat det utmärktaste i idealisk riktning).

Bangladesh and Nobel Prize in Literature · India and Nobel Prize in Literature · See more »

Non-Aligned Movement

The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a forum of 120 countries that are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc.

Bangladesh and Non-Aligned Movement · India and Non-Aligned Movement · See more »

North India

North India, also called Northern India, is a geographical and broad cultural region comprising the northern part of India (or historically, the Indian subcontinent) wherein Indo-Aryans form the prominent majority population.

Bangladesh and North India · India and North India · See more »

Northeast India

Northeast India, officially the North Eastern Region (NER), is the easternmost region of India representing both a geographic and political administrative division of the country. It comprises eight states—Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura (commonly known as the "Seven Sisters"), and the "brother" state of Sikkim. The region shares an international border of (about 99 per cent of its total geographical boundary) with several neighbouring countries – with China in the north, with Myanmar in the east, with Bangladesh in the south-west, with Nepal in the west, and with Bhutan in the north-west. It comprises an area of, almost 8 per cent of that of India. The Siliguri Corridor connects the region to the rest of mainland India. The states of North Eastern Region are officially recognised under the North Eastern Council (NEC), constituted in 1971 as the acting agency for the development of the north eastern states. Long after induction of NEC, Sikkim formed part of the North Eastern Region as the eighth state in 2002. India's Look-East connectivity projects connect Northeast India to East Asia and ASEAN. The city of Guwahati in Assam is referred to as the "Gateway to the Northeast" and is the largest metropolis in Northeast India.

Bangladesh and Northeast India · India and Northeast India · See more »

Observer Research Foundation

Observer Research Foundation (ORF) is an independent global think tank based in Delhi, India.

Bangladesh and Observer Research Foundation · India and Observer Research Foundation · See more »

Odisha

Odisha (English), formerly Orissa (the official name until 2011), is an Indian state located in Eastern India.

Bangladesh and Odisha · India and Odisha · See more »

Odissi

Odishi, also referred to as Orissi in old literature, is a major ancient Indian classical dance that originated in the temples of Odisha – an eastern coastal state of India.

Bangladesh and Odissi · India and Odissi · See more »

OECD

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD; Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques, OCDE) is an intergovernmental organisation with 38 member countries, founded in 1961 to stimulate economic progress and world trade.

Bangladesh and OECD · India and OECD · See more »

Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

Bangladesh and Oxford University Press · India and Oxford University Press · See more »

Pakistan

Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country in South Asia.

Bangladesh and Pakistan · India and Pakistan · See more »

Pala Empire

The Pāla Empire (r. 750–1161 CE) was an imperial power during the post-classical period in the Indian subcontinent, which originated in the region of Bengal.

Bangladesh and Pala Empire · India and Pala Empire · See more »

Parliamentary republic

A parliamentary republic is a republic that operates under a parliamentary system of government where the executive branch (the government) derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature (the parliament).

Bangladesh and Parliamentary republic · India and Parliamentary republic · See more »

Partition of India

The Partition of India in 1947 was the change of political borders and the division of other assets that accompanied the dissolution of the British Raj in the Indian subcontinent and the creation of two independent dominions in South Asia: India and Pakistan.

Bangladesh and Partition of India · India and Partition of India · See more »

Pilaf

Pilaf, pilav or pilau is a rice dish, usually sautéed, or in some regions, a wheat dish, whose recipe usually involves cooking in stock or broth, adding spices, and other ingredients such as vegetables or meat, and employing some technique for achieving cooked grains that do not adhere to each other.

Bangladesh and Pilaf · India and Pilaf · See more »

Punjab

Punjab (also romanised as Panjāb or Panj-Āb), also known as the Land of the Five Rivers, is a geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in South Asia. It is specifically located in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising areas of modern-day eastern-Pakistan and northwestern-India. Punjab's major cities are Lahore, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Gujranwala, Multan, Ludhiana, Amritsar, Sialkot, Chandigarh, Shimla, Jalandhar, Patiala, Gurugram, and Bahawalpur. Punjab grew out of the settlements along the five rivers, which served as an important route to the Near East as early as the ancient Indus Valley civilization, dating back to, followed by migrations of the Indo-Aryan peoples. Agriculture has been the chief economic feature of the Punjab and formed the foundation of Punjabi culture. The Punjab emerged as an important agricultural region, especially following the Green Revolution during the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s, and has been described as the "breadbasket of both India and Pakistan." Punjab's history is a tapestry of conflict, marked by the rise of indigenous dynasties and empires. Following Alexander the Great's invasion in the 4th century BCE, Chandragupta Maurya allied with Punjabi republics to establish the Maurya Empire. Successive reigns of the Indo-Greek Kingdom, Kushan Empire, and Indo-Scythians followed, but were ultimately defeated by Eastern Punjab Janapadas such as the Yaudheya, Trigarta Kingdom, Audumbaras, Arjunayanas, and Kuninda Kingdom. In the 5th and 6th centuries CE, Punjab faced devastating Hunnic invasions, yet the Vardhana dynasty emerged triumphant, ruling over Northern India. The 8th century CE witnessed the Hindu Shahis rise, known for defeating the Saffarid dynasty and the Samanid Empire. Concurrently, the Tomara dynasty and Katoch Dynasty controlled eastern Punjab, resisting Ghaznavid invasions. Islam took hold in Western Punjab under Ghaznavid rule. The Delhi Sultanate then succeeded the Ghaznavids in which the Tughlaq dynasty and Sayyid dynasty Sultans are described as Punjabi origin. The 15th century saw the emergence of the Langah Sultanate in south Punjab, acclaimed for its victory over the Lodi dynasty. After the Mughal Empire's decline in the 18th century, Punjab experienced a period of anarchy. In 1799 CE, the Sikh Empire established its rule, undertaking conquests into Kashmir and Durrani Empire held territories, shaping the diverse and complex history of Punjab. The boundaries of the region are ill-defined and focus on historical accounts and thus the geographical definition of the term "Punjab" has changed over time. In the 16th century Mughal Empire the Punjab region was divided into three, with the Lahore Subah in the west, the Delhi Subah in the east and the Multan Subah in the south. Under the British Raj until the Partition of India in 1947, the Punjab Province encompassed the present Indian states and union territories of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Chandigarh, and Delhi, and the Pakistani regions of Punjab, and Islamabad Capital Territory. The predominant ethnolinguistic group of the Punjab region are the Punjabi people, who speak the Indo-Aryan Punjabi language. Punjabi Muslims are the majority in West Punjab (Pakistan), while Punjabi Sikhs are the majority in East Punjab (India). Other religious groups include Hinduism, Christianity, Jainism, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, and Ravidassia.

Bangladesh and Punjab · India and Punjab · See more »

Rabindranath Tagore

Rabindranath Tagore (7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941) was an Indian poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer, and painter of the Bengal Renaissance.

Bangladesh and Rabindranath Tagore · India and Rabindranath Tagore · See more »

Reuters

Reuters is a news agency owned by Thomson Reuters.

Bangladesh and Reuters · India and Reuters · See more »

Rigveda

The Rigveda or Rig Veda (ऋग्वेद,, from ऋच्, "praise" and वेद, "knowledge") is an ancient Indian collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns (sūktas).

Bangladesh and Rigveda · India and Rigveda · See more »

Routledge

Routledge is a British multinational publisher.

Bangladesh and Routledge · India and Routledge · See more »

Santali language

Santali (Ol Chiki:, Bengali:, Odia:, Devanagari), also known as Santal or Santhali, is the most widely-spoken language of the Munda subfamily of the Austroasiatic languages, related to Ho and Mundari, spoken mainly in the Indian states of Assam, Bihar, Jharkhand, Mizoram, Odisha, Tripura and West Bengal by Santals.

Bangladesh and Santali language · India and Santali language · See more »

Secularism

Secularism is the principle of seeking to conduct human affairs based on naturalistic considerations, uninvolved with religion.

Bangladesh and Secularism · India and Secularism · See more »

Shalwar kameez

Shalwar kameez (also salwar kameez and less commonly shalwar qameez) is a traditional combination dress worn by men and women in South Asia, and Central Asia.

Bangladesh and Shalwar kameez · India and Shalwar kameez · See more »

Sherwani

Sherwani is a long-sleeved outer coat worn by men in South Asia.

Bangladesh and Sherwani · India and Sherwani · See more »

Sikkim

Sikkim is a state in northeastern India.

Bangladesh and Sikkim · India and Sikkim · See more »

Socialism is an economic and political philosophy encompassing diverse economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production, as opposed to private ownership.

Bangladesh and Socialism · India and Socialism · See more »

South Asia

South Asia is the southern subregion of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethnic-cultural terms.

Bangladesh and South Asia · India and South Asia · See more »

South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation

The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is the regional intergovernmental organization and geopolitical union of states in South Asia.

Bangladesh and South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation · India and South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation · See more »

South Asian river dolphin

South Asian river dolphins are toothed whales in the genus Platanista, which inhabit the waterways of the Indian subcontinent.

Bangladesh and South Asian river dolphin · India and South Asian river dolphin · See more »

Sundarbans

Sundarbans (pronounced) is a mangrove area in the delta formed by the confluence of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna Rivers in the Bay of Bengal.

Bangladesh and Sundarbans · India and Sundarbans · See more »

Syncretism

Syncretism is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought.

Bangladesh and Syncretism · India and Syncretism · See more »

Terracotta

Terracotta, also known as terra cotta or terra-cotta, is a clay-based non-vitreous ceramicOED, "Terracotta";, MFA Boston, "Cameo" database fired at relatively low temperatures.

Bangladesh and Terracotta · India and Terracotta · See more »

The Buddha

Siddhartha Gautama, most commonly referred to as the Buddha ('the awakened'), was a wandering ascetic and religious teacher who lived in South Asia during the 6th or 5th century BCE and founded Buddhism.

Bangladesh and The Buddha · India and The Buddha · See more »

The Financial Express (India)

The Financial Express is an Indian English-language business newspaper owned by The Indian Express Group.

Bangladesh and The Financial Express (India) · India and The Financial Express (India) · See more »

The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

Bangladesh and The Guardian · India and The Guardian · See more »

The World Factbook

The World Factbook, also known as the CIA World Factbook, is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world.

Bangladesh and The World Factbook · India and The World Factbook · See more »

Transparency International

Transparency International e.V. (TI) is a German registered association founded in 1993 by former employees of the World Bank.

Bangladesh and Transparency International · India and Transparency International · See more »

Tripura

Tripura is a state in Northeast India.

Bangladesh and Tripura · India and Tripura · See more »

Turmeric

Turmeric, (botanical name Curcuma longa) is a flowering plant in the ginger family Zingiberaceae.

Bangladesh and Turmeric · India and Turmeric · See more »

UNESCO

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; pronounced) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture.

Bangladesh and UNESCO · India and UNESCO · See more »

United Nations Development Programme

The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)Programme des Nations unies pour le développement, PNUD is a United Nations agency tasked with helping countries eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable economic growth and human development.

Bangladesh and United Nations Development Programme · India and United Nations Development Programme · See more »

United Nations peacekeeping

Peacekeeping by the United Nations is a role of the UN's Department of Peace Operations as an "instrument developed by the organization as a way to help countries torn by conflict to create the conditions for lasting peace".

Bangladesh and United Nations peacekeeping · India and United Nations peacekeeping · See more »

Urdu

Urdu (اُردُو) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in South Asia.

Bangladesh and Urdu · India and Urdu · See more »

Varanasi

Varanasi (ISO:,; also Benares, Banaras or Kashi) is a city on the Ganges river in northern India that has a central place in the traditions of pilgrimage, death, and mourning in the Hindu world.

Bangladesh and Varanasi · India and Varanasi · See more »

West Bengal

West Bengal (Bengali: Poshchim Bongo,, abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India.

Bangladesh and West Bengal · India and West Bengal · See more »

Westminster system

The Westminster system, or Westminster model, is a type of parliamentary government that incorporates a series of procedures for operating a legislature, first developed in England.

Bangladesh and Westminster system · India and Westminster system · See more »

World Bank

The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects.

Bangladesh and World Bank · India and World Bank · See more »

World Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health.

Bangladesh and World Health Organization · India and World Health Organization · See more »

2011 Cricket World Cup

The 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup was the tenth Cricket World Cup.

2011 Cricket World Cup and Bangladesh · 2011 Cricket World Cup and India · See more »