Jesus & Jews - Unionpedia, the concept map

Abraham

Abraham (originally Abram) is the common Hebrew patriarch of the Abrahamic religions, including Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

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Age of Enlightenment

The Age of Enlightenment (also the Age of Reason and the Enlightenment) was the intellectual and philosophical movement that occurred in Europe in the 17th and the 18th centuries.

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Alexander the Great

Alexander III of Macedon (Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), most commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon.

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Alexandria

Alexandria (الإسكندرية; Ἀλεξάνδρεια, Coptic: Ⲣⲁⲕⲟϯ - Rakoti or ⲁⲗⲉⲝⲁⲛⲇⲣⲓⲁ) is the second largest city in Egypt and the largest city on the Mediterranean coast.

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Ancient Rome

In modern historiography, ancient Rome is the Roman civilisation from the founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD.

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Aramaic

Aramaic (ˀərāmiṯ; arāmāˀiṯ) is a Northwest Semitic language that originated in the ancient region of Syria and quickly spread to Mesopotamia, the southern Levant, southeastern Anatolia, Eastern Arabia and the Sinai Peninsula, where it has been continually written and spoken in different varieties for over three thousand years.

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There is much disagreement within biblical scholarship today over the authorship of the Bible.

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Biblical Aramaic

Biblical Aramaic is the form of Aramaic that is used in the books of Daniel and Ezra in the Hebrew Bible.

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Biblical Hebrew

Biblical Hebrew (rtl ʿīḇrîṯ miqrāʾîṯ or rtl ləšôn ham-miqrāʾ), also called Classical Hebrew, is an archaic form of the Hebrew language, a language in the Canaanitic branch of the Semitic languages spoken by the Israelites in the area known as the Land of Israel, roughly west of the Jordan River and east of the Mediterranean Sea.

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Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.

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Christianity

Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

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Common Era

Common Era (CE) and Before the Common Era (BCE) are year notations for the Gregorian calendar (and its predecessor, the Julian calendar), the world's most widely used calendar era.

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Conversion to Judaism

Conversion to Judaism (translit or translit) is the process by which non-Jews adopt the Jewish religion and become members of the Jewish ethnoreligious community.

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Damascus

Damascus (Dimašq) is the capital and largest city of Syria, the oldest current capital in the world and, according to some, the fourth holiest city in Islam.

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David

David ("beloved one") was a king of ancient Israel and Judah and the third king of the United Monarchy, according to the Hebrew Bible and Old Testament.

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Davidic line

The Davidic line or House of David is the lineage of the Israelite king David.

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Edom

Edom (Edomite: 𐤀𐤃𐤌; אֱדוֹם, lit.: "red"; Akkadian: 𒌑𒁺𒈪, 𒌑𒁺𒈬; Ancient Egyptian) was an ancient kingdom in Transjordan, located between Moab to the northeast, the Arabah to the west, and the Arabian Desert to the south and east.

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Essenes

The Essenes (Hebrew:, Isiyim; Greek: Ἐσσηνοί, Ἐσσαῖοι, or Ὀσσαῖοι, Essenoi, Essaioi, Ossaioi) or Essenians were a mystic Jewish sect during the Second Temple period that flourished from the 2nd century BCE to the 1st century CE.

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Galilee

Galilee (hagGālīl; Galilaea; al-jalīl) is a region located in northern Israel and southern Lebanon.

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Gentile

Gentile is a word that today usually means someone who is not Jewish.

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Halakha

Halakha (translit), also transliterated as halacha, halakhah, and halocho, is the collective body of Jewish religious laws that are derived from the Written and Oral Torah.

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Hebrew Bible

The Hebrew Bible or Tanakh (. Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary. Hebrew), also known in Hebrew as Miqra (Hebrew), is the canonical collection of Hebrew scriptures, comprising the Torah, the Nevi'im, and the Ketuvim.

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Hebrew language

Hebrew (ʿÎbrit) is a Northwest Semitic language within the Afroasiatic language family.

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Hellenistic period

In classical antiquity, the Hellenistic period covers the time in Mediterranean history after Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the death of Cleopatra in 30 BC, which was followed by the ascendancy of the Roman Empire, as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the Roman conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year, which eliminated the last major Hellenistic kingdom.

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Herodian dynasty

The Herodian dynasty was a royal dynasty of Idumaean (Edomite) descent, ruling the Herodian Kingdom of Judea and later the Herodian Tetrarchy as a vassal state of the Roman Empire.

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Ioudaios

Ioudaios (Ἰουδαῖος; pl. Ἰουδαῖοι Ioudaioi). is an Ancient Greek ethnonym used in classical and biblical literature which commonly translates to "Jew" or "Judean". The choice of translation is the subject of frequent scholarly debate, given its central importance to passages in the Bible (both the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament) as well as works of other writers such as Josephus and Philo. Translating it as Jews is seen to imply connotations as to the religious beliefs of the people, whereas translating it as Judeans confines the identity within the geopolitical boundaries of Judea.James D. G. Dunn Jesus, Paul, and the Gospels 2011 Page 124 "6.6 and 9.17, where for the first time Ioudaios can properly be translated 'Jew'; and in Greco-Roman writers, the first use of Ioudaios as a religious term appears at the end of the first century ce (90- 96, 127, 133-36). 12." A related translation debate refers to the terms ἰουδαΐζειν (verb), literally translated as "Judaizing" (compare Judaizers), and Ἰουδαϊσμός (noun), controversially translated as Judaism or Judeanism.

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Islam

Islam (al-Islām) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder.

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Israel

Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Southern Levant, West Asia.

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Israelites

The Israelites were a group of Semitic-speaking tribes in the ancient Near East who, during the Iron Age, inhabited a part of Canaan.

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Jerusalem

Jerusalem is a city in the Southern Levant, on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea.

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Josephus

Flavius Josephus (Ἰώσηπος,; AD 37 – 100) was a Roman–Jewish historian and military leader.

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Judaea (Roman province)

Judaea (Iudaea; translit) was a Roman province from 6 to 132 AD, which incorporated the Levantine regions of Idumea, Philistia, Judea, Samaria and Galilee, extending over parts of the former regions of the Hasmonean and Herodian kingdoms of Judea.

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Judaism

Judaism (יַהֲדוּת|translit.

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Judea

Judea or Judaea (Ἰουδαία,; Iudaea) is a mountainous region of the Levant.

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Koine Greek

Koine Greek (Koine the common dialect), also known as Hellenistic Greek, common Attic, the Alexandrian dialect, Biblical Greek, Septuagint Greek or New Testament Greek, was the common supra-regional form of Greek spoken and written during the Hellenistic period, the Roman Empire and the early Byzantine Empire.

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Maimonides

Moses ben Maimon (1138–1204), commonly known as Maimonides and also referred to by the Hebrew acronym Rambam (רמב״ם), was a Sephardic rabbi and philosopher who became one of the most prolific and influential Torah scholars of the Middle Ages.

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Messiah in Judaism

The Messiah in Judaism is a savior and liberator figure in Jewish eschatology who is believed to be the future redeemer of the Jews.

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Monotheism

Monotheism is the belief that one god is the only deity.

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Moses

Moses; Mōše; also known as Moshe or Moshe Rabbeinu (Mishnaic Hebrew: מֹשֶׁה רַבֵּינוּ); Mūše; Mūsā; Mōÿsēs was a Hebrew prophet, teacher and leader, according to Abrahamic tradition.

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New Testament

The New Testament (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon.

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Paul the Apostle

Paul (Koinē Greek: Παῦλος, romanized: Paûlos), also named Saul of Tarsus (Aramaic: ܫܐܘܠ, romanized: Šāʾūl), commonly known as Paul the Apostle and Saint Paul, was a Christian apostle (AD) who spread the teachings of Jesus in the first-century world.

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Pharisees

The Pharisees (lit) were a Jewish social movement and a school of thought in the Levant during the time of Second Temple Judaism.

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Quran

The Quran, also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation directly from God (Allah).

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Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.

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Sadducees

The Sadducees (lit) were a sect of Jews active in Judea during the Second Temple period, from the second century BCE to the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE.

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Second Temple

The Second Temple was the reconstructed Temple in Jerusalem, in use between and its destruction in 70 CE.

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Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)

The Siege of Jerusalem of 70 CE was the decisive event of the First Jewish–Roman War (66–73 CE), in which the Roman army led by future emperor Titus besieged Jerusalem, the center of Jewish rebel resistance in the Roman province of Judaea.

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Talmud

The Talmud (תַּלְמוּד|Talmūḏ|teaching) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (halakha) and Jewish theology.

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Torah

The Torah (תּוֹרָה, "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy.

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Twelve Tribes of Israel

The Twelve Tribes of Israel (שִׁבְטֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל|translit.

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