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Lactation, the Glossary

Lactation describes the secretion of milk from the mammary glands and the period of time that a mother lactates to feed her young.^[1]

103 relations: Adenotrophic viviparity, Adrenocorticotropic hormone, Alveolar gland, Anterior white commissure, Antibody, Areola, Autocrine signaling, Birth spacing, Breast, Breast pump, Breastfeeding, Charles Darwin, Childbirth, Cichlid, Classical conditioning, Cockroach, Colostrum, Columbidae, Cortisol, Crop milk, Dayak fruit bat, Diploptera punctata, Discus (fish), Domperidone, Dysphoric milk ejection reflex, Endocrine system, Erotic lactation, Estrogen, Eutheria, Female, Flamingo, Follicle-stimulating hormone, Galactagogue, Galactorrhea, Glucocorticoid, Growth hormone, Herring bodies, Hormone, Human chorionic gonadotropin, Human placental lactogen, Hyperprolactinaemia, Hypothalamic–pituitary–prolactin axis, Hypothalamus, Immunoglobulin A, Infertility, Insulin resistance, Intercostal nerves, Jack Newman (doctor), Jumping spider, Lactation failure, ... Expand index (53 more) »
Breast milk
Exocrine system
Reproduction in mammals
Secondary sexual characteristics

Adenotrophic viviparity

Adenotrophic viviparity means "gland fed, live birth".

See Lactation and Adenotrophic viviparity

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH; also adrenocorticotropin, corticotropin) is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland.

See Lactation and Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Alveolar gland

Alveolar glands, also called saccular glands, are glands with a saclike secretory portion, in contrast with tubular glands. Lactation and Alveolar gland are glands.

See Lactation and Alveolar gland

Anterior white commissure

The anterior white commissure (ventral white commissure) is a bundle of nerve fibers which cross the midline of the spinal cord just anterior (in front of) to the gray commissure (Rexed lamina X).

See Lactation and Anterior white commissure

An antibody (Ab) is the secreted form of a B cell receptor; the term immunoglobulin (Ig) can refer to either the membrane-bound form or the secreted form of the B cell receptor, but they are, broadly speaking, the same protein, and so the terms are often treated as synonymous.

See Lactation and Antibody

Areola

The human areola (areola mammae, or) is the pigmented area on the breast around the nipple.

See Lactation and Areola

Autocrine signaling

Autocrine signaling is a form of cell signaling in which a cell secretes a hormone or chemical messenger (called the autocrine agent) that binds to autocrine receptors on that same cell, leading to changes in the cell.

See Lactation and Autocrine signaling

Birth spacing

Birth spacing, pregnancy spacing, inter-birth interval (IBI) or inter-pregnancy interval refers to how soon after a prior pregnancy a woman becomes pregnant or gives birth again.

See Lactation and Birth spacing

Breast

The breast is one of two prominences located on the upper ventral region of the torso among humans and other primates. Lactation and breast are breastfeeding and secondary sexual characteristics.

See Lactation and Breast

Breast pump

A breast pump is a mechanical device that lactating women use to extract milk from their breasts. Lactation and breast pump are breast milk and breastfeeding.

See Lactation and Breast pump

Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding, variously known as chestfeeding or nursing, is the process where breast milk is fed to a child.

See Lactation and Breastfeeding

Charles Darwin

Charles Robert Darwin (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) was an English naturalist, geologist, and biologist, widely known for his contributions to evolutionary biology.

See Lactation and Charles Darwin

Childbirth

Childbirth, also known as labour, parturition and delivery, is the completion of pregnancy where one or more babies exits the internal environment of the mother via vaginal delivery or caesarean section.

See Lactation and Childbirth

Cichlid

Cichlids are fish from the family Cichlidae in the order Cichliformes.

See Lactation and Cichlid

Classical conditioning

Classical conditioning (also respondent conditioning and Pavlovian conditioning) is a behavioral procedure in which a biologically potent stimulus (e.g. food, a puff of air on the eye, a potential rival) is paired with a neutral stimulus (e.g. the sound of a musical triangle).

See Lactation and Classical conditioning

Cockroach

Cockroaches (or roaches) are insects belonging to the order Blattodea (Blattaria). About 30 cockroach species out of 4,600 are associated with human habitats. Some species are well-known pests. The cockroaches are an ancient group, with their ancestors, known as "roachoids", originating during the Carboniferous period, some 320 million years ago.

See Lactation and Cockroach

Colostrum

Colostrum is the first form of milk produced by the mammary glands of humans and other mammals immediately following delivery of the newborn. Lactation and Colostrum are breast milk, breastfeeding and milk.

See Lactation and Colostrum

Columbidae

Columbidae is a bird family consisting of doves and pigeons.

See Lactation and Columbidae

Cortisol

Cortisol is a steroid hormone in the glucocorticoid class of hormones and a stress hormone.

See Lactation and Cortisol

Crop milk

Crop milk is a secretion from the lining of the crop of parent birds in some species that is regurgitated to young birds.

See Lactation and Crop milk

Dayak fruit bat

The dayak fruit bat or dyak fruit bat (Dyacopterus spadiceus) is a relatively rare frugivorous megabat species found only on the Sunda Shelf of southeast Asia, specifically the Malay Peninsula south of the Isthmus of Kra, and the islands of Borneo and Sumatra.

See Lactation and Dayak fruit bat

Diploptera punctata

Diploptera punctata, the Pacific beetle cockroach, is a species of cockroach in the family Blaberidae and subfamily Diplopterinae.

See Lactation and Diploptera punctata

Discus (fish)

Symphysodon (colloquially known as discus or discus fish) is a genus of cichlids native to the Amazon river basin in Brazil.

See Lactation and Discus (fish)

Domperidone

Domperidone, sold under the brand name Motilium among others, is a dopamine antagonist medication which is used to treat nausea and vomiting and certain gastrointestinal problems like gastroparesis (delayed gastric emptying).

See Lactation and Domperidone

Dysphoric milk ejection reflex

Dysphoric milk ejection reflex (D-MER) is a condition in which women who breastfeed develop negative emotions that begin just before the milk ejection reflex and last less than a few minutes. Lactation and Dysphoric milk ejection reflex are breastfeeding.

See Lactation and Dysphoric milk ejection reflex

Endocrine system

The endocrine system is a messenger system in an organism comprising feedback loops of hormones that are released by internal glands directly into the circulatory system and that target and regulate distant organs. Lactation and endocrine system are glands.

See Lactation and Endocrine system

Erotic lactation

Erotic lactation is sexual arousal by sucking on a female or male breast.

See Lactation and Erotic lactation

Estrogen

Estrogen (oestrogen; see spelling differences) is a category of sex hormone responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics. Lactation and Estrogen are human female endocrine system.

See Lactation and Estrogen

Eutheria

Eutheria (from Greek εὐ-, 'good, right' and θηρίον, 'beast'), also called Pan-Placentalia, is the clade consisting of placental mammals and all therian mammals that are more closely related to placentals than to marsupials.

See Lactation and Eutheria

Female

An organism's sex is female (symbol: ♀) if it produces the ovum (egg cell), the type of gamete (sex cell) that fuses with the male gamete (sperm cell) during sexual reproduction.

See Lactation and Female

Flamingo

Flamingos or flamingoes are a type of wading bird in the family Phoenicopteridae, which is the only extant family in the order Phoenicopteriformes.

See Lactation and Flamingo

Follicle-stimulating hormone

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a gonadotropin, a glycoprotein polypeptide hormone. Lactation and Follicle-stimulating hormone are human female endocrine system.

See Lactation and Follicle-stimulating hormone

Galactagogue

A galactagogue, or galactogogue (from γάλα, milk, + ἀγωγός, leading), also known as a lactation inducer or milk booster, is a substance that promotes lactation in humans and other animals. Lactation and galactagogue are breastfeeding.

See Lactation and Galactagogue

Galactorrhea

Galactorrhea (also spelled galactorrhoea) (galacto- + -rrhea) or lactorrhea (lacto- + -rrhea) is the spontaneous flow of milk from the breast, unassociated with childbirth or nursing. Lactation and Galactorrhea are breast milk.

See Lactation and Galactorrhea

Glucocorticoid

Glucocorticoids (or, less commonly, glucocorticosteroids) are a class of corticosteroids, which are a class of steroid hormones.

See Lactation and Glucocorticoid

Growth hormone

Growth hormone (GH) or somatotropin, also known as human growth hormone (hGH or HGH) in its human form, is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans and other animals.

See Lactation and Growth hormone

Herring bodies

Herring bodies or neurosecretory bodies are structures found in the posterior pituitary.

See Lactation and Herring bodies

Hormone

A hormone (from the Greek participle ὁρμῶν, "setting in motion") is a class of signaling molecules in multicellular organisms that are sent to distant organs or tissues by complex biological processes to regulate physiology and behavior. Lactation and hormone are human female endocrine system.

See Lactation and Hormone

Human chorionic gonadotropin

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a hormone for the maternal recognition of pregnancy produced by trophoblast cells that are surrounding a growing embryo (syncytiotrophoblast initially), which eventually forms the placenta after implantation. Lactation and Human chorionic gonadotropin are human female endocrine system.

See Lactation and Human chorionic gonadotropin

Human placental lactogen

Human placental lactogen (hPL), also called human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS) or human chorionic somatotropin, is a polypeptide placental hormone, the human form of placental lactogen (chorionic somatomammotropin). Lactation and human placental lactogen are human female endocrine system.

See Lactation and Human placental lactogen

Hyperprolactinaemia

Hyperprolactinemia is characterized by abnormally high levels of prolactin in the blood.

See Lactation and Hyperprolactinaemia

Hypothalamic–pituitary–prolactin axis

The hypothalamic–pituitary–prolactin axis (HPP axis), also known as the hypothalamic–pituitary–mammary axis or hypothalamic–pituitary–breast axis, is a hypothalamic–pituitary axis which includes the secretion of prolactin (PRL; luteotropin) from the lactotrophs of the pituitary gland into the circulation and the subsequent action of prolactin on tissues such as, particularly, the mammary glands or breasts. Lactation and hypothalamic–pituitary–prolactin axis are breastfeeding.

See Lactation and Hypothalamic–pituitary–prolactin axis

Hypothalamus

The hypothalamus (hypothalami) is a small part of the vertebrate brain that contains a number of nuclei with a variety of functions. Lactation and hypothalamus are human female endocrine system.

See Lactation and Hypothalamus

Immunoglobulin A

Immunoglobulin A (Ig A, also referred to as sIgA in its secretory form) is an antibody that plays a role in the immune function of mucous membranes.

See Lactation and Immunoglobulin A

Infertility

Infertility is the inability of an animal or plant to reproduce by natural means.

See Lactation and Infertility

Insulin resistance

Insulin resistance (IR) is a pathological condition in which cells either fail to respond normally to the hormone insulin or downregulate insulin receptors in response to hyperinsulinemia.

See Lactation and Insulin resistance

Intercostal nerves

The intercostal nerves are part of the somatic nervous system, and arise from the anterior rami of the thoracic spinal nerves from T1 to T11.

See Lactation and Intercostal nerves

Jack Newman (doctor)

Jack Newman (born 1946) is a Canadian pediatrician, author, speaker, and video producer specializing in breastfeeding medicine.

See Lactation and Jack Newman (doctor)

Jumping spider

Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family Salticidae.

See Lactation and Jumping spider

Lactation failure

In breastfeeding, lactation failure may refer to. Lactation and lactation failure are breastfeeding.

See Lactation and Lactation failure

Lactation room

A lactation room (or lactorium) is a private space where a nursing mother can use a breast pump. Lactation and lactation room are breastfeeding.

See Lactation and Lactation room

Lactation suppression

Lactation suppression refers to the act of suppressing lactation by medication or other non pharmaceutical means. Lactation and lactation suppression are breastfeeding.

See Lactation and Lactation suppression

Lactiferous duct

Lactiferous ducts are ducts that converge and form a branched system connecting the nipple to the lobules of the mammary gland. Lactation and Lactiferous duct are human female endocrine system.

See Lactation and Lactiferous duct

Luteinizing hormone

Luteinizing hormone (LH, also known as luteinising hormone, lutropin and sometimes lutrophin) is a hormone produced by gonadotropic cells in the anterior pituitary gland.

See Lactation and Luteinizing hormone

Male lactation

Production of milk (lactation) from a male mammal's mammary glands is well-documented in the dayak fruit bat and the Bismarck masked flying fox. Lactation and male lactation are breastfeeding.

See Lactation and Male lactation

Mammary gland

A mammary gland is an exocrine gland in humans and other mammals that produces milk to feed young offspring. Lactation and mammary gland are exocrine system, glands and human female endocrine system.

See Lactation and Mammary gland

Mammary ridge

The mammary ridge or mammary crest is a primordium specific for the development of mammary glands.

See Lactation and Mammary ridge

Mechanoreceptor

A mechanoreceptor, also called mechanoceptor, is a sensory receptor that responds to mechanical pressure or distortion.

See Lactation and Mechanoreceptor

Metatheria is a mammalian clade that includes all mammals more closely related to marsupials than to placentals.

See Lactation and Metatheria

Milk

Milk is a white liquid food produced by the mammary glands of mammals.

See Lactation and Milk

Monotreme

Monotremes are mammals of the order Monotremata.

See Lactation and Monotreme

Mother

A mother is the female parent of a child.

See Lactation and Mother

Myoepithelial cell

Myoepithelial cells (sometimes referred to as myoepithelium) are cells usually found in glandular epithelium as a thin layer above the basement membrane but generally beneath the luminal cells.

See Lactation and Myoepithelial cell

Neurophysin I

Neurophysin I is a carrier protein with a size of 10 KDa and contains 90 to 97 amino acids.

See Lactation and Neurophysin I

Nipple

The nipple is a raised region of tissue on the surface of the breast from which, in females, milk leaves the breast through the lactiferous ducts to breastfeed an infant. Lactation and nipple are breast milk, breastfeeding, exocrine system, glands and secondary sexual characteristics.

See Lactation and Nipple

Nutrition

Nutrition is the biochemical and physiological process by which an organism uses food to support its life.

See Lactation and Nutrition

Odontode

Odontodes, or dermal teeth, are hard structures found on the external surfaces of animals or near internal openings.

See Lactation and Odontode

Orgasm

Orgasm (from Greek ὀργασμός,; "excitement, swelling") or sexual climax (or simply climax) is the sudden discharge of accumulated sexual excitement during the sexual response cycle, resulting in rhythmic, involuntary muscular contractions in the pelvic region characterized by sexual pleasure.

See Lactation and Orgasm

Oxytocin

Oxytocin is a peptide hormone and neuropeptide normally produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary. Lactation and Oxytocin are breastfeeding and human female endocrine system.

See Lactation and Oxytocin

Paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus

The paraventricular nucleus (PVN, PVA, or PVH) is a nucleus in the hypothalamus.

See Lactation and Paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus

Penguin

Penguins are a group of aquatic flightless birds from the family Spheniscidae of the order Sphenisciformes.

See Lactation and Penguin

Pituitary gland

The pituitary gland or hypophysis is an endocrine gland in vertebrates. Lactation and pituitary gland are human female endocrine system.

See Lactation and Pituitary gland

Pituitary stalk

The pituitary stalk, also known as the infundibular stalk (or simply the infundible), Fenderson's funnel, or the hypothalamo-(neuro)hypophyseal tract, is the connection between the hypothalamus and the neurohypophysis.

See Lactation and Pituitary stalk

Placenta

The placenta (placentas or placentae) is a temporary embryonic and later fetal organ that begins developing from the blastocyst shortly after implantation. Lactation and placenta are human female endocrine system.

See Lactation and Placenta

Posterior pituitary

The posterior pituitary (or neurohypophysis) is the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland which is part of the endocrine system.

See Lactation and Posterior pituitary

Posterolateral tract

The posterolateral tract (fasciculus of Lissauer, Lissauer's tract, tract of Lissauer, dorsolateral fasciculus, dorsolateral tract, zone of Lissauer) is a small strand situated in relation to the tip of the posterior column close to the entrance of the posterior nerve roots.

See Lactation and Posterolateral tract

Postpartum period

The postpartum (or postnatal) period begins after childbirth and is typically considered to last for six weeks.

See Lactation and Postpartum period

Pregnancy

Pregnancy is the time during which one or more offspring develops (gestates) inside a woman's uterus (womb). Lactation and Pregnancy are human female endocrine system.

See Lactation and Pregnancy

Progesterone

Progesterone (P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species. Lactation and Progesterone are human female endocrine system.

See Lactation and Progesterone

Prolactin

Prolactin (PRL), also known as lactotropin and mammotropin, is a protein best known for its role in enabling mammals to produce milk. Lactation and Prolactin are breastfeeding and human female endocrine system.

See Lactation and Prolactin

Roman Charity

Roman Charity (Caritas Romana; Carità Romana) or Cimon and Pero is an ancient Greek and Roman exemplary story (exemplum) of filial piety (pietas) in which a woman secretly breastfeeds her father or mother, incarcerated and supposedly sentenced to death by starvation. Lactation and Roman Charity are breastfeeding.

See Lactation and Roman Charity

Smooth muscle

Smooth (soft) muscle is one of the three major types of vertebrate muscle tissue, the other being skeletal and cardiac muscle.

See Lactation and Smooth muscle

Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia is the geographical southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Australian mainland, which is part of Oceania.

See Lactation and Southeast Asia

Species

A species (species) is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction.

See Lactation and Species

Spinothalamic tract

The spinothalamic tract is a nerve tract in the anterolateral system in the spinal cord.

See Lactation and Spinothalamic tract

Stress (biology)

Stress, whether physiological, biological or psychological, is an organism's response to a stressor such as an environmental condition.

See Lactation and Stress (biology)

Supraoptic nucleus

The supraoptic nucleus (SON) is a nucleus of magnocellular neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus of the mammalian brain.

See Lactation and Supraoptic nucleus

Surgery

Surgery is a medical specialty that uses manual and instrumental techniques to diagnose or treat pathological conditions (e.g., trauma, disease, injury, malignancy), to alter bodily functions (i.e., malabsorption created by bariatric surgery such as gastric bypass), to reconstruct or improve aesthetics and appearance (cosmetic surgery), or to remove unwanted tissues (body fat, glands, scars or skin tags) or foreign bodies.

See Lactation and Surgery

Synapsida

Synapsida is one of the two major clades of vertebrate animals in the group Amniota, the other being the Sauropsida (which includes reptiles and birds).

See Lactation and Synapsida

The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

See Lactation and The Guardian

Therapsida

Therapsida is a clade comprising a major group of eupelycosaurian synapsids that includes mammals and their ancestors and close relatives.

See Lactation and Therapsida

Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin, thyrotropic hormone, or abbreviated TSH) is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4), and then triiodothyronine (T3) which stimulates the metabolism of almost every tissue in the body.

See Lactation and Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is a hypophysiotropic hormone produced by neurons in the hypothalamus that stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin from the anterior pituitary.

See Lactation and Thyrotropin-releasing hormone

Tight junction

Tight junctions, also known as occluding junctions or zonulae occludentes (singular, zonula occludens), are multiprotein junctional complexes whose canonical function is to prevent leakage of solutes and water and seals between the epithelial cells.

See Lactation and Tight junction

Toxeus magnus

Toxeus magnus is a species of jumping spider of the genus Toxeus.

See Lactation and Toxeus magnus

Trans woman

A trans woman (short for transgender woman) is a woman who was assigned male at birth.

See Lactation and Trans woman

Transgender health care

Transgender health care includes the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of physical and mental health conditions for transgender individuals.

See Lactation and Transgender health care

Trophic egg

A trophic egg is an egg whose function is not reproduction but nutrition; in essence, the trophic egg serves as food for offspring hatched from viable eggs.

See Lactation and Trophic egg

Tsetse fly

Tsetse (sometimes spelled tzetze; also known as tik-tik flies) are large, biting flies that inhabit much of tropical Africa.

See Lactation and Tsetse fly

Udder

An udder is an organ formed of two or four mammary glands on the females of dairy animals and ruminants such as cattle, goats, and sheep. Lactation and udder are exocrine system, glands and secondary sexual characteristics.

See Lactation and Udder

Uterus

The uterus (from Latin uterus,: uteri) or womb is the organ in the reproductive system of most female mammals, including humans, that accommodates the embryonic and fetal development of one or more embryos until birth.

See Lactation and Uterus

Wet nurse

A wet nurse is a woman who breastfeeds and cares for another's child. Lactation and wet nurse are breastfeeding.

See Lactation and Wet nurse

Witch's milk

Witch's milk or neonatal milk is milk secreted from the breasts of some newborn human infants of either sex. Lactation and Witch's milk are breast milk.

See Lactation and Witch's milk

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactation

Also known as Female lactation, Galactopoiesis, Induced lactation, Lactating, Lactation disorder, Lactation disorders, Lactation reflex, Lactific, Lactosis, Letting down, Milk ejection reflex, Milk let-down reflex, Milk letdown reflex, Milk secretion, Newman-Goldfarb protocol, Newman-Goldfarb protocols, Relactate, Relactation.

, Lactation room, Lactation suppression, Lactiferous duct, Luteinizing hormone, Male lactation, Mammary gland, Mammary ridge, Mechanoreceptor, Metatheria, Milk, Monotreme, Mother, Myoepithelial cell, Neurophysin I, Nipple, Nutrition, Odontode, Orgasm, Oxytocin, Paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus, Penguin, Pituitary gland, Pituitary stalk, Placenta, Posterior pituitary, Posterolateral tract, Postpartum period, Pregnancy, Progesterone, Prolactin, Roman Charity, Smooth muscle, Southeast Asia, Species, Spinothalamic tract, Stress (biology), Supraoptic nucleus, Surgery, Synapsida, The Guardian, Therapsida, Thyroid-stimulating hormone, Thyrotropin-releasing hormone, Tight junction, Toxeus magnus, Trans woman, Transgender health care, Trophic egg, Tsetse fly, Udder, Uterus, Wet nurse, Witch's milk.

Lactation, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Breast milk

Exocrine system

Reproduction in mammals

Secondary sexual characteristics

References