Muscle & Vein - Unionpedia, the concept map

Artery

An artery is a blood vessel in humans and most other animals that takes oxygenated blood away from the heart in the systemic circulation to one or more parts of the body.

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Atrium (heart)

The atrium (entry hall;: atria) is one of the two upper chambers in the heart that receives blood from the circulatory system.

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Blood

Blood is a body fluid in the circulatory system of humans and other vertebrates that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells, and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells.

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Blood vessel

Blood vessels are the structures of the circulatory system that transport blood throughout the human body.

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Bronchus

A bronchus (bronchi) is a passage or airway in the lower respiratory tract that conducts air into the lungs.

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Capillary

A capillary is a small blood vessel, from 5 to 10 micrometres in diameter, and is part of the microcirculation system.

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Cardiac muscle

Cardiac muscle (also called heart muscle or myocardium) is one of three types of vertebrate muscle tissues, with the other two being skeletal muscle and smooth muscle.

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Circulatory system

The circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the entire body of a human or other vertebrate.

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Connective tissue

Connective tissue is one of the four primary types of animal tissue, along with epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue.

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Coronary circulation

Coronary circulation is the circulation of blood in the arteries and veins that supply the heart muscle (myocardium).

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Gastrointestinal tract

The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract, digestive tract, alimentary canal) is the tract or passageway of the digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus. The GI tract contains all the major organs of the digestive system, in humans and other animals, including the esophagus, stomach, and intestines. Food taken in through the mouth is digested to extract nutrients and absorb energy, and the waste expelled at the anus as faeces. Gastrointestinal is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the stomach and intestines. Most animals have a "through-gut" or complete digestive tract. Exceptions are more primitive ones: sponges have small pores (ostia) throughout their body for digestion and a larger dorsal pore (osculum) for excretion, comb jellies have both a ventral mouth and dorsal anal pores, while cnidarians and acoels have a single pore for both digestion and excretion. The human gastrointestinal tract consists of the esophagus, stomach, and intestines, and is divided into the upper and lower gastrointestinal tracts. The GI tract includes all structures between the mouth and the anus, forming a continuous passageway that includes the main organs of digestion, namely, the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The complete human digestive system is made up of the gastrointestinal tract plus the accessory organs of digestion (the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver and gallbladder). The tract may also be divided into foregut, midgut, and hindgut, reflecting the embryological origin of each segment. The whole human GI tract is about nine meters (30 feet) long at autopsy. It is considerably shorter in the living body because the intestines, which are tubes of smooth muscle tissue, maintain constant muscle tone in a halfway-tense state but can relax in spots to allow for local distention and peristalsis. The gastrointestinal tract contains the gut microbiota, with some 1,000 different strains of bacteria having diverse roles in the maintenance of immune health and metabolism, and many other microorganisms. Cells of the GI tract release hormones to help regulate the digestive process. These digestive hormones, including gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin, and ghrelin, are mediated through either intracrine or autocrine mechanisms, indicating that the cells releasing these hormones are conserved structures throughout evolution.

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Heart

The heart is a muscular organ found in most animals.

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Lateral plate mesoderm

The lateral plate mesoderm is the mesoderm that is found at the periphery of the embryo.

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Muscle contraction

Muscle contraction is the activation of tension-generating sites within muscle cells.

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Nitric oxide

Nitric oxide (nitrogen oxide or nitrogen monoxide) is a colorless gas with the formula.

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Smooth muscle

Smooth (soft) muscle is one of the three major types of vertebrate muscle tissue, the other being skeletal and cardiac muscle.

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Systole

Systole is the part of the cardiac cycle during which some chambers of the heart contract after refilling with blood.

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Tunica media

The tunica media (Neo-Latin "middle coat"), or media for short, is the middle tunica (layer) of an artery or vein.

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Vascular smooth muscle

Vascular smooth muscle is the type of smooth muscle that makes up most of the walls of blood vessels.

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Ventricle (heart)

A ventricle is one of two large chambers located toward the bottom of the heart that collect and expel blood towards the peripheral beds within the body and lungs.

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Vertebral column

The vertebral column, also known as the spinal column, spine or backbone, is the core part of the axial skeleton in vertebrate animals.

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