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Nero, the Glossary

Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus; 15 December AD 37 – 9 June AD 68) was a Roman emperor and the final emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, reigning from AD 54 until his death in AD 68.^[1]

Acta Arvalia

The Acta Arvalia were the recorded protocols of the Arval Brothers ''(Arvales fratres)'', a priestly brotherhood (sodalitas) of ancient Roman religion.

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Acts 18

Acts 18 is the eighteenth chapter of the Acts of the Apostles in the New Testament of the Christian Bible.

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Acts of Peter

The Acts of Peter is one of the earliest of the apocryphal Acts of the Apostles in Christianity, dating to the late 2nd century AD.

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Adiabene

Adiabene (Greek: Αδιαβηνή) was an ancient kingdom in northern Mesopotamia, corresponding to the northwestern part of ancient Assyria.

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Adoption in ancient Rome

Adoption in ancient Rome was primarily a legal procedure for transferring paternal power (potestas) to ensure succession in the male line within Roman patriarchal society.

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Aeneid

The Aeneid (Aenē̆is or) is a Latin epic poem that tells the legendary story of Aeneas, a Trojan who fled the fall of Troy and travelled to Italy, where he became the ancestor of the Romans. Nero and Aeneid are Julio-Claudian dynasty.

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Aggadah

Aggadah (אַגָּדָה ʾAggāḏā or Haggāḏā; Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: אַגָּדְתָא ʾAggāḏəṯāʾ; "tales, fairytale, lore") is the non-legalistic exegesis which appears in the classical rabbinic literature of Judaism, particularly the Talmud and Midrash.

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Agrippina the Younger

Julia Agrippina (6 November AD 15 – 23 March AD 59), also referred to as Agrippina the Younger, was Roman empress from AD 49 to 54, the fourth wife and niece of emperor Claudius, and the mother of Nero. Nero and Agrippina the Younger are Julio-Claudian dynasty.

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American Society of Overseas Research

The American Society of Overseas Research (ASOR), founded in 1900 as the American School of Oriental Study and Research in Palestine, is a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization based in Alexandria, Virginia, which supports the research and teaching of the history and cultures of the Near East and Middle Eastern countries.

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Amphitheatre

An amphitheatre (British English) or amphitheater (American English; both) is an open-air venue used for entertainment, performances, and sports.

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Ancient Olympic Games

The ancient Olympic Games (τὰ Ὀλύμπια, ta Olympia.

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Ancient Roman units of measurement

The units of measurement of ancient Rome were generally consistent and well documented.

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Anicetus (freedman)

Anicetus was a freedman of the Roman emperor Nero, who – along with the freedman Beryllus – tutored the young emperor.

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Annals (Tacitus)

The Annals (Annales) by Roman historian and senator Tacitus is a history of the Roman Empire from the reign of Tiberius to that of Nero, the years AD 14–68.

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Annexation

Annexation, in international law, is the forcible acquisition and assertion of legal title over one state's territory by another state, usually following military occupation of the territory.

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Anthony A. Barrett

Anthony Arthur Barrett (born July 30, 1941) is a British-Canadian Classical scholar and the author of several books on Roman antiquity.

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Antiquities of the Jews

Antiquities of the Jews (Antiquitates Iudaicae; Ἰουδαϊκὴ ἀρχαιολογία, Ioudaikē archaiologia) is a 20-volume historiographical work, written in Greek, by historian Josephus in the 13th year of the reign of Roman emperor Domitian, which was 94 CE.

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Antistia gens

The gens Antistia, sometimes written Antestia on coins, was a plebeian family at ancient Rome.

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Antium

Antium was an ancient coastal town in Latium, south of Rome.

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Anzio

Anzio (also) is a town and comune on region of Italy, about south of Rome.

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Apamea (Phrygia)

Apamea Cibotus, Apamea ad Maeandrum (on the Maeander), Apamea or Apameia (Apámeia, kibōtós) was an ancient city in Anatolia founded in the 3rd century BC by Antiochus I Soter, who named it after his mother Apama.

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Apocolocyntosis

The Apocolocyntosis (divi) Claudii, literally The Pumpkinification of (the Divine) Claudius, is a satire on the Roman emperor Claudius, which, according to Cassius Dio, was written by Seneca the Younger.

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Apocrypha

Apocrypha are biblical or related writings not forming part of the accepted canon of scripture.

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Apollo

Apollo is one of the Olympian deities in classical Greek and Roman religion and Greek and Roman mythology.

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Apollonius of Tyana

Apollonius of Tyana (Ἀπολλώνιος) was a first-century Greek philosopher and religious leader from the town of Tyana, Cappadocia in Roman Anatolia, who spent his life travelling and teaching in the Middle East, North Africa and India.

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Apologeticus

Apologeticus (Apologeticum or Apologeticus) is a text attributed to Tertullian according to Christian tradition, consisting of apologetic and polemic.

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Apostles in the New Testament

In Christian theology and ecclesiology, the apostles, particularly the Twelve Apostles (also known as the Twelve Disciples or simply the Twelve), were the primary disciples of Jesus according to the New Testament.

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Artaxata

Artashat (Արտաշատ), Hellenized as Artaxata (Ἀρτάξατα) and Artaxiasata (label), was a major city and commercial center of ancient Armenia which served as the capital of the Kingdom of Armenia from its founding in 176 BC to 120 AD, with some interruptions.

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Arthur Cushman McGiffert

Arthur Cushman McGiffert (March 4, 18611933), American theologian, was born in Sauquoit, New York, the son of a Presbyterian clergyman of Scots-Irish descent.

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Ascension of Isaiah

The Ascension of Isaiah is a pseudepigraphical Judeo-Christian text.

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Athletics (physical culture)

Athletics is a term encompassing the human competitive sports and games requiring physical skill, and the systems of training that prepare athletes for competitive performance.

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Augustine of Hippo

Augustine of Hippo (Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis; 13 November 354 – 28 August 430), also known as Saint Augustine, was a theologian and philosopher of Berber origin and the bishop of Hippo Regius in Numidia, Roman North Africa.

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Augustus

Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian (Octavianus), was the founder of the Roman Empire. Nero and Augustus are 1st-century Roman emperors, ancient Roman adoptees, Julio-Claudian dynasty and Roman pharaohs.

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Augustus (title)

Augustus (plural Augusti;,; "majestic", "great" or "venerable") was the main title of the Roman emperors during Antiquity.

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Aurelius Victor

Sextus Aurelius Victor (c. 320 – c. 390) was a historian and politician of the Roman Empire.

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Aureus

The aureus (aurei, 'golden', used as a noun) was a gold coin of ancient Rome originally valued at 25 pure silver denarii (sin. denarius).

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Aventine Hill

The Aventine Hill (Collis Aventinus; Aventino) is one of the Seven Hills on which ancient Rome was built.

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Bar Kokhba revolt

The Bar Kokhba revolt (מֶרֶד בַּר כּוֹכְבָא) was a large-scale armed rebellion initiated by the Jews of Judea, led by Simon bar Kokhba, against the Roman Empire in 132 CE.

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Battle of Vesontio (68)

The Battle of Vesontio was a conflict in 68 AD in which Lucius Verginius Rufus defeated Gaius Julius Vindex.

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BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England.

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Bellicia gens

The gens Bellicia was an aristocratic plebeian family at ancient Rome, which flourished during the first and second centuries.

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Benjamin Isaac

Benjamin Henri Isaac (Ben Isaac; בנימין איזק; born May 10, 1945) is the Fred and Helen Lessing Professor of Ancient History Emeritus at Tel Aviv University.

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Bernadotte Perrin

Bernadotte Perrin (15 September 1847 – 31 August 1920) was an American classicist.

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Bishop

A bishop is an ordained member of the clergy who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution.

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Bologna

Bologna (Bulåggna; Bononia) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna region, in northern Italy.

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Book of Revelation

The Book of Revelation or Book of the Apocalypse is the final book of the New Testament (and therefore the final book of the Christian Bible).

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Bosporan Kingdom

The Bosporan Kingdom, also known as the Kingdom of the Cimmerian Bosporus (Basileía tou Kimmerikou Bospórou; Regnum Bospori), was an ancient Greco-Scythian state located in eastern Crimea and the Taman Peninsula on the shores of the Cimmerian Bosporus, centered in the present-day Strait of Kerch.

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Boudica

Boudica or Boudicca (from Brythonic *boudi 'victory, win' + *-kā 'having' suffix, i.e. 'Victorious Woman', known in Latin chronicles as Boadicea or Boudicea, and in Welsh as italics) was a queen of the ancient British Iceni tribe, who led a failed uprising against the conquering forces of the Roman Empire in AD 60 or 61.

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Boudican revolt

The Boudican revolt was an armed uprising by native Celtic Britons against the Roman Empire during the Roman conquest of Britain.

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Britannicus

Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus (12 February AD 41 – 11 February AD 55), usually called Britannicus, was the son of Roman Emperor Claudius and his third wife, Valeria Messalina. Nero and Britannicus are Children of Claudius, Claudii Nerones and Julio-Claudian dynasty.

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Bruriah

Beruriah (also Bruriah; ברוריה or ברוריא) is one of several women quoted as a sage in the Talmud. Nero and Bruriah are Talmud people.

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Caesarea Maritima

Caesarea (Kaisáreia; Qēsaryah; Qaysāriyyah), also Caesarea Maritima, Caesarea Palaestinae or Caesarea Stratonis, was an ancient and medieval port city on the coast of the Eastern Mediterranean, and later a small fishing village.

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Caligula

Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (31 August 12 – 24 January 41), better known by his nickname Caligula, was Roman emperor from AD 37 until his assassination in AD 41. Nero and Caligula are 1st-century Roman emperors, Damnatio memoriae, Julio-Claudian dynasty, people from Anzio, Roman emperors to suffer posthumous denigration or damnatio memoriae and Roman pharaohs.

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Campus Martius

The Campus Martius (Latin for 'Field of Mars'; Italian: Campo Marzio) was a publicly owned area of ancient Rome about in extent.

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Cassius Apronianus

Cassius Apronianus was a Roman senator who lived in the 2nd century.

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Cassius Dio

Lucius Cassius Dio, also known as Dio Cassius (Δίων Κάσσιος), was a Roman historian and senator of maternal Greek origin.

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Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.

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Catus Decianus

Catus Decianus was the procurator of Roman Britain in AD 60 or 61.

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Cestia gens

The gens Cestia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome during the later Republic, and in imperial times.

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Chariot racing

Chariot racing (ἁρματοδρομία, harmatodromía; ludi circenses) was one of the most popular ancient Greek, Roman, and Byzantine sports.

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Christians

A Christian is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

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Circus Maximus

The Circus Maximus (Latin for "largest circus"; Italian: Circo Massimo) is an ancient Roman chariot-racing stadium and mass entertainment venue in Rome, Italy.

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Civil war

A civil war is a war between organized groups within the same state (or country).

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Claudia Acte

Claudia Acte was a freedwoman of ancient Rome who became a mistress of the emperor Nero.

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Claudia Augusta

Claudia Augusta (January 63 – May 63) was the only daughter of the Roman Emperor Nero. Nero and Claudia Augusta are Claudii Nerones, Julio-Claudian dynasty and Poppaea Sabina.

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Claudia Octavia

Claudia Octavia (late 39 or early 40 – June 9, AD 62) was a Roman empress. Nero and Claudia Octavia are Children of Claudius, Claudii Nerones and Julio-Claudian dynasty.

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Claudius

Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (1 August – 13 October) was a Roman emperor, ruling from to 54. Nero and Claudius are 1st-century Roman emperors, Claudii Nerones, Julio-Claudian dynasty and Roman pharaohs.

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Clement of Rome

Clement of Rome (Clemens Romanus; Klēmēs Rōmēs) (died), also known as Pope Clement I, was a bishop of Rome in the late first century AD.

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Client state

In the field of international relations, a client state, is a state that is economically, politically, and militarily subordinated to a more powerful controlling state.

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Colosseum

The Colosseum (Colosseo) is an elliptical amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy, just east of the Roman Forum.

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Colossus of Nero

The Colossus of Nero (Colossus Neronis) was a bronze statue that the Emperor Nero (37–68 AD) created in the vestibule of his Domus Aurea, the imperial villa complex which spanned a large area from the north side of the Palatine Hill, across the Velian ridge to the Esquiline Hill in Rome.

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Commodus

Commodus (31 August 161 – 31 December 192) was a Roman emperor who ruled from 177 until his assassination in 192. Nero and Commodus are Damnatio memoriae, Roman emperors to suffer posthumous denigration or damnatio memoriae and Roman pharaohs.

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Cossus Cornelius Lentulus (consul 60)

Cossus Cornelius Lentulus was a Roman senator who flourished during the Principate.

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Counting

Counting is the process of determining the number of elements of a finite set of objects; that is, determining the size of a set.

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Cross of Saint Peter

The Cross of Saint Peter, also known as the Petrine Cross, is an inverted Latin cross traditionally used as a Christian symbol, but in recent times, it has also been used as an anti-Christian and Satanic symbol.

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Culture of ancient Rome

The culture of ancient Rome existed throughout the almost 1,200-year history of the civilization of Ancient Rome.

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Damnatio memoriae

Damnatio memoriae is a modern Latin phrase meaning "condemnation of memory", indicating that a person is to be excluded from official accounts.

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David Shotter

David Colin Arthur Shotter (3 January 193922 May 2021) was a British archaeologist and Professor of Roman Imperial History at the University of Lancaster.

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De mortibus persecutorum

De mortibus persecutorum (On the Deaths of the Persecutors) is a hybrid historical and Christian apologetical work by the Roman philosopher Lactantius, written in Latin sometime after AD 316.

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Denarius

The denarius (dēnāriī) was the standard Roman silver coin from its introduction in the Second Punic War to the reign of Gordian III (AD 238–244), when it was gradually replaced by the antoninianus.

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Diadem

A diadem is a type of crown, specifically an ornamental headband worn by monarchs and others as a badge of royalty.

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Dio Chrysostom

Dio Chrysostom (Δίων Χρυσόστομος Dion Chrysostomos), Dio of Prusa or Cocceianus Dio (c. 40 – c. 115 AD), was a Greek orator, writer, philosopher and historian of the Roman Empire in the 1st century AD.

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Diplomacy

Diplomacy comprises spoken or written communication by representatives of state, intergovernmental, or non-governmental institutions intended to influence events in the international system.

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Domitia gens

The gens Domitia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome.

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Domitia Lepida

Domitia Lepida (c. 5 BC – AD 54) was a Roman aristocrat, related to the imperial family. Nero and Domitia Lepida are Domitii Ahenobarbi and Julio-Claudian dynasty.

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Domitian

Domitian (Domitianus; 24 October 51 – 18 September 96) was Roman emperor from 81 to 96. Nero and Domitian are 1st-century Roman emperors, Roman emperors to suffer posthumous denigration or damnatio memoriae and Roman pharaohs.

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Domus Aurea

The Domus Aurea (Latin, "Golden House") was a vast landscaped complex built by the Emperor Nero largely on the Oppian Hill in the heart of ancient Rome after the great fire in 64 AD had destroyed a large part of the city. Nero and Domus Aurea are Julio-Claudian dynasty.

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Domus Transitoria

The Domus Transitoria (House of Passage) was Roman emperor Nero's (r. 54 – 68) first palace damaged or destroyed by the Great Fire of Rome in 64 AD, and then extended by his Domus Aurea (or Golden House).

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Ecclesiastical History (Eusebius)

The Ecclesiastical History (Ἐκκλησιαστικὴ Ἱστορία, Ekklēsiastikḕ Historía; Historia Ecclesiastica), also known as The History of the Church and Church History, is a 4th-century chronological account of the development of Early Christianity from the 1st century to the 4th century, composed by Eusebius, the bishop of Caesarea.

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Edom

Edom (Edomite: 𐤀𐤃𐤌; אֱדוֹם, lit.: "red"; Akkadian: 𒌑𒁺𒈪, 𒌑𒁺𒈬; Ancient Egyptian) was an ancient kingdom in Transjordan, located between Moab to the northeast, the Arabah to the west, and the Arabian Desert to the south and east.

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Encyclopædia Britannica

The British Encyclopaedia is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.

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Epaphroditus (freedman of Nero)

Tiberius Claudius Epaphroditus or Epaphroditos (Greek: Ἐπαφρόδιτος; born c. 20–25 – died c. 95), was a freedman and secretary of the Roman Emperor Nero.

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Epictetus

Epictetus (Ἐπίκτητος, Epíktētos; 50 135 AD) was a Greek Stoic philosopher.

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Epiphanius of Salamis

Epiphanius of Salamis (Ἐπιφάνιος; c. 310–320 – 403) was the bishop of Salamis, Cyprus, at the end of the 4th century.

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Epitome de Caesaribus

The Epitome de Caesaribus is a 5th-century Latin historical work based on the Liber de Caesaribus (also known as Historiae abbreviatae) by Aurelius Victor.

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Eusebius

Eusebius of Caesarea (Εὐσέβιος τῆς Καισαρείας; 260/265 – 30 May 339), also known as Eusebius Pamphilus (from the Εὐσέβιος τοῦ Παμφίλου), was a Greek Syro-Palestinian historian of Christianity, exegete, and Christian polemicist.

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Ezekiel

Ezekiel, also spelled Ezechiel (יְחֶזְקֵאל; Greek), was an Israelite priest.

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Ezekiel 25

Ezekiel 25 is the twenty-fifth chapter of the Book of Ezekiel in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.

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Fabius Rusticus

Fabius Rusticus was a Roman historian who was quoted on several occasions by Tacitus.

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Faenius Rufus

Lucius Faenius Rufus, an eques Romanus, was praefectus annonae from AD 55 to 62.

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Faustus Cornelius Sulla Felix

Faustus Cornelius Sulla Felix (22 – 62 AD) was one of the lesser known figures of the Julio-Claudian dynasty of Ancient Rome. Nero and Faustus Cornelius Sulla Felix are Julio-Claudian dynasty.

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First Jewish–Roman War

The First Jewish–Roman War (66–74 CE), sometimes called the Great Jewish Revolt (ha-Mered Ha-Gadol), or The Jewish War, was the first of three major rebellions by the Jews against the Roman Empire fought in the province of Judaea, resulting in the destruction of Jewish towns, the displacement of its people and the appropriation of land for Roman military use, as well as the destruction of the Jewish Temple and polity.

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Flavian dynasty

The Flavian dynasty, lasting from AD 69 to 96, was the second dynastic line of emperors to rule the Roman Empire following the Julio-Claudians, encompassing the reigns of Vespasian and his two sons, Titus and Domitian.

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Forced suicide

Forced suicide is a method of execution where the victim is coerced into committing suicide to avoid facing an alternative option they perceive as much worse, such as being tortured to death, suffering public humiliation, or having friends or family members imprisoned, tortured or killed.

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Frederick Cornwallis Conybeare

Frederick Cornwallis Conybeare, (14 September 1856 – 9 January 1924) was a British orientalist, Fellow of University College, Oxford, and Professor of Theology at the University of Oxford.

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Freedman

A freedman or freedwoman is a person who has been released from slavery, usually by legal means.

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Gaius Calpurnius Piso (conspirator)

Gaius Calpurnius Piso (died AD 65) was a Roman senator in the first century.

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Gaius Fonteius Agrippa

Gaius Fonteius Agrippa was the name of two related people in Roman history.

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Gaius Julius Alpinus Classicianus

Gaius Julius Alpinus Classicianus was procurator of Roman Britain from 61 to his death in 65.

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Gaius Julius Vindex

Gaius Julius Vindex (c. AD 2568), was a Roman governor in the province of Gallia Lugdunensis. Nero and Gaius Julius Vindex are 68 deaths and people of the Year of the Four Emperors.

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Gaius Nymphidius Sabinus

Gaius Nymphidius Sabinus (died 68) was a Prefect of the Praetorian Guard during the rule of Emperor Nero from AD 65 until his death in 68. Nero and Gaius Nymphidius Sabinus are 68 deaths.

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Gaius Stertinius Xenophon

Gaius Stertinius Xenophon (c. 10 BC54 AD), often referred to in ancient literature as simply Xenophon, was a physician who served the Roman Emperor, Claudius, the fourth member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty.

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Gaius Suetonius Paulinus

Gaius Suetonius Paulinus (fl. AD 40–69) was a Roman general best known as the commander who defeated Boudica and her army during the Boudican revolt. Nero and Gaius Suetonius Paulinus are people of the Year of the Four Emperors.

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Galba

Galba (born Servius Sulpicius Galba; 24 December 3 BC – 15 January AD 69) was Roman emperor, ruling from AD 68 to 69. Nero and Galba are 1st-century Roman emperors, ancient Roman adoptees, people of the Year of the Four Emperors and Roman pharaohs.

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Gallia Lugdunensis

Gallia Lugdunensis (French: Gaule Lyonnaise) was a province of the Roman Empire in what is now the modern country of France, part of the Celtic territory of Gaul formerly known as Celtica.

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Gardens of Maecenas

The Gardens of Maecenas, or Horti Maecenatis, constituted the luxurious ancient Roman estate of Gaius Maecenas, an Augustan-era imperial advisor and patron of the arts.

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Gemara

The Gemara (also transliterated Gemarah, or in Yiddish Gemore) is an essential component of the Talmud, comprising a collection of rabbinical analyses and commentaries on the Mishnah and presented in 63 books.

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Germania Superior

Germania Superior ("Upper Germania") was an imperial province of the Roman Empire.

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Gerolamo Cardano

Gerolamo Cardano (also Girolamo or Geronimo; Jérôme Cardan; Hieronymus Cardanus.; 24 September 1501– 21 September 1576) was an Italian polymath whose interests and proficiencies ranged through those of mathematician, physician, biologist, physicist, chemist, astrologer, astronomer, philosopher, writer, and gambler.

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Gittin

Gittin (Hebrew) is a tractate of the Mishnah and the Talmud, and is part of the order of Nashim.

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Gladiator

A gladiator (gladiator, "swordsman", from gladius, "sword") was an armed combatant who entertained audiences in the Roman Republic and Roman Empire in violent confrontations with other gladiators, wild animals, and condemned criminals.

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Glyptothek

The Glyptothek is a museum in Munich, Germany, which was commissioned by the Bavarian King Ludwig I to house his collection of Greek and Roman sculptures (hence γλυπτο- glypto- "sculpture", from the Greek verb γλύφειν glyphein "to carve" and the noun θήκη "container").

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Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus (father of Nero)

Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus (2 BC – January AD 41) was a member of the imperial Julio-Claudian dynasty of Ancient Rome. Nero and Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus (father of Nero) are Domitii Ahenobarbi and Julio-Claudian dynasty.

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Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo

Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo (Peltuinum c. AD 7 – 67) was a popular Roman general, brother-in-law of the emperor Caligula and father-in-law of Domitian. Nero and Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo are Julio-Claudian dynasty.

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Great Fire of Rome

The Great Fire of Rome (incendium magnum Romae) began on the 18th of July 64 AD.

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Greece in the Roman era

Greece in the Roman era (Greek: Έλλάς, Latin: Graecia) describes the Roman conquest of the territory of the modern nation-state of Greece as well as that of the Greek people and the areas they inhabited and ruled historically.

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Halotus

Halotus (c. 20–30 ADc. 70–80 AD) was a eunuch servant to the Roman Emperor Claudius, the fourth member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty.

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Hispania

Hispania (Hispanía; Hispānia) was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula.

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Hispania Tarraconensis

Hispania Tarraconensis was one of three Roman provinces in Hispania.

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Histories (Tacitus)

Histories (Historiae) is a Roman historical chronicle by Tacitus.

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Horti Lamiani

The Horti Lamiani (Lamian Gardens) was a luxurious complex consisting of an ancient Roman villa with large gardens and outdoor rooms.

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Horti Lolliani

The Horti Lolliani was a set of private gardens on the Esquiline Hill in ancient Rome, belonging to and named after Lollia Paulina, briefly the wife of Caligula.

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Howard Hayes Scullard

Howard Hayes Scullard (9 February 1903 – 31 March 1983) was a British historian specialising in ancient history, notable for editing the Oxford Classical Dictionary and for his many published works.

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Iceni

The Iceni or Eceni were an ancient tribe of eastern Britain during the Iron Age and early Roman era.

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Iliupersis

The Iliupersis (Greek: Ἰλίουπέρσις, Iliou persis, "Sack of Ilium"), also known as The Sack of Troy, is a lost epic of ancient Greek literature.

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Infamia

In ancient Rome, infamia (in-, "not", and fama, "reputation") was a loss of legal or social standing.

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Inscriptiones Latinae Selectae

Inscriptiones Latinae Selectae, standard abbreviation ILS, is a three-volume selection of Latin inscriptions edited by Hermann Dessau.

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Jerome

Jerome (Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus; Εὐσέβιος Σωφρόνιος Ἱερώνυμος; – 30 September 420), also known as Jerome of Stridon, was an early Christian priest, confessor, theologian, translator, and historian; he is commonly known as Saint Jerome.

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The Jerome Biblical Commentary is a series of books of Biblical scholarship, whose first edition was published in 1968.

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Jerusalem

Jerusalem is a city in the Southern Levant, on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea.

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John Carew Rolfe

John Carew Rolfe, Ph.D. (October 15, 1859 in Newburyport, Massachusetts – March 26, 1943) was an American classical scholar, the son of William J. Rolfe.

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John Chrysostom

John Chrysostom (Ἰωάννης ὁ Χρυσόστομος; 14 September 407 AD) was an important Early Church Father who served as Archbishop of Constantinople.

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John Xiphilinus

Joannes Xiphilinus (also John Xiphilinus; Ἰωάννης Ξιφιλῖνος), epitomator of Dio Cassius, lived at Constantinople during the latter half of the 11th century AD.

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Johns Hopkins University

Johns Hopkins University (often abbreviated as Johns Hopkins, Hopkins, Johns, or JHU) is a private research university in Baltimore, Maryland.

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Josephus

Flavius Josephus (Ἰώσηπος,; AD 37 – 100) was a Roman–Jewish historian and military leader. Nero and Josephus are 37 births.

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Julia Livilla

Julia Livilla (–) was the youngest child of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder and the youngest sister of the Emperor Caligula. Nero and Julia Livilla are Julio-Claudian dynasty.

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Julia the Elder

Julia the Elder (30 October 39 BC – AD 14), known to her contemporaries as Julia Caesaris filia or Julia Augusti filia (Classical Latin: IVLIA•CAESARIS•FILIA or IVLIA•AVGVSTI•FILIA), was the daughter and only biological child of Augustus, the first Roman emperor, and his second wife, Scribonia.

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Julio-Claudian dynasty

The Julio-Claudian dynasty comprised the first five Roman emperors: Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero.

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Kithara

The kithara, or Latinized cithara (κιθάρα |translit.

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Lactantius

Lucius Caecilius Firmianus, signo Lactantius (c. 250 – c. 325), was an early Christian author who became an advisor to Roman emperor Constantine I, guiding his Christian religious policy in its initial stages of emergence, and a tutor to his son Crispus.

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Legend

A legend is a genre of folklore that consists of a narrative featuring human actions, believed or perceived to have taken place in human history.

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Lictor

A lictor (possibly from Latin ligare, meaning 'to bind') was a Roman civil servant who was an attendant and bodyguard to a magistrate who held imperium.

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Life of Apollonius of Tyana

Life of Apollonius of Tyana (Τὰ ἐς τὸν Τυανέα Ἀπολλώνιον), also known by its Latin title Vita Apollonii, is a text in eight books written in Ancient Greece by Philostratus (c. 170 – c. 245 AD).

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List of Roman consuls

This is a list of consuls known to have held office, from the beginning of the Roman Republic to the latest use of the title in Imperial times, together with those magistrates of the Republic who were appointed in place of consuls, or who superseded consular authority for a limited period.

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List of Roman emperors

The Roman emperors were the rulers of the Roman Empire from the granting of the name and title Augustus to Octavian by the Roman Senate in 27 BC onward.

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Live Science

Live Science is a science news website.

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Locusta

Locusta or Lucusta (died 69), was a notorious maker of poisons in the 1st-century Roman Empire, active in the final two reigns of the Julio-Claudian dynasty.

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Loeb Classical Library

The Loeb Classical Library (LCL; named after James Loeb) is a series of books originally published by Heinemann in London, but is currently published by Harvard University Press.

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Lucan

Marcus Annaeus Lucanus (3 November AD 39 – 30 April AD 65), better known in English as Lucan, was a Roman poet, born in Corduba, Hispania Baetica (present-day Córdoba, Spain). Nero and Lucan are suicides by sharp instrument in Italy.

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Lucius Antistius Vetus (consul 55)

Lucius Antistius Vetus (died AD 65) was a Roman senator who lived during the Principate.

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Lucius Calpurnius Piso (consul 57)

Lucius Calpurnius Piso (died AD 70) was a Roman senator active in the first century AD.

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Lucius Duvius Avitus

Lucius Duvius Avitus was a Roman senator, who held several offices in the emperor's service.

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Lucius Pedanius Secundus

Lucius Pedanius Secundus (d. AD 61) was a Roman senator of the first century.

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Lucius Verginius Rufus

Lucius Verginius Rufus (AD 1597; sometimes incorrectly called Lucius Virginus Rufus) was a Roman commander of Germania Superior during the late 1st century.

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Lyre

The lyre is a stringed musical instrument that is classified by Hornbostel–Sachs as a member of the lute family of instruments.

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Marcus Aefulanus

Marcus Aefulanus was a Roman senator, who was active during the reigns of Claudius and Nero.

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Marcus Cluvius Rufus

Marcus Cluvius Rufus was a Roman consul, senator, governor, and historian who was mentioned on several occasions by Tacitus, Suetonius, Cassius Dio, Josephus and Plutarch.

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Marcus Junius Silanus (consul 46)

Marcus Junius Silanus (AD 14–54) was a Roman senator. Nero and Marcus Junius Silanus (consul 46) are Julio-Claudian dynasty.

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Marcus Ostorius Scapula (consul 59)

Marcus Ostorius Scapula (died AD 65) was a Roman senator, who was active during the Principate.

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Marcus Suillius Nerullinus

Marcus Suillius Nerullinus was a Roman senator, who was active during the Principate.

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Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus (consul 58)

Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus was a Roman Senator who lived in the Roman Empire in the 1st century.

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Mausoleum of Augustus

The Mausoleum of Augustus (Mausoleum Augusti; Mausoleo di Augusto) is a large tomb built by the Roman Emperor Augustus in 28 BC on the Campus Martius in Rome, Italy.

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Mediterranean Sea

The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, on the east by the Levant in West Asia, and on the west almost by the Morocco–Spain border.

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Messalina

Valeria Messalina was the third wife of Roman emperor Claudius.

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Miriam T. Griffin

Miriam Tamara Griffin (née Dressler; 6 June 1935 – 16 May 2018) was an American classical scholar and tutor of ancient history at Somerville College at the University of Oxford from 1967 to 2002.

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Mishnah

The Mishnah or the Mishna (מִשְׁנָה, "study by repetition", from the verb shanah, or "to study and review", also "secondary") is the first major written collection of the Jewish oral traditions that are known as the Oral Torah.

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Mithraism

Mithraism, also known as the Mithraic mysteries or the Cult of Mithras, was a Roman mystery religion centered on the god Mithras.

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Modern era

The modern era or the modern period is considered the current historical period of human history.

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Munich

Munich (München) is the capital and most populous city of the Free State of Bavaria, Germany.

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National Geographic

National Geographic (formerly The National Geographic Magazine, sometimes branded as NAT GEO) is an American monthly magazine published by National Geographic Partners.

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Neophytus (freedman)

Neophytus was a freedman of the Roman emperor Nero.

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Nero Redivivus legend

The Nero Redivivus legend was a belief popular during the last part of the 1st century that the Roman emperor Nero would return after his death in 68 AD.

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Nero's exploration of the Nile

The Roman exploration of the Nile River under Nero was a Roman attempt to reach the sources of the Nile.

See Nero and Nero's exploration of the Nile

Nile

The Nile (also known as the Nile River) is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa.

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Nostalgia

Nostalgia is a sentimentality for the past, typically for a period or place with happy personal associations.

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Number of the beast

The number of the beast (Ἀριθμὸς τοῦ θηρίου) is associated with the Beast of Revelation in chapter 13, verse 18 of the Book of Revelation.

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Obverse and reverse

The obverse and reverse are the two flat faces of coins and some other two-sided objects, including paper money, flags, seals, medals, drawings, old master prints and other works of art, and printed fabrics.

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Ofonius Tigellinus

Ofonius Tigellinus (– 69) was a prefect of the Roman imperial bodyguard, known as the Praetorian Guard, from 62 until 68, during the reign of emperor Nero. Nero and Ofonius Tigellinus are suicides by sharp instrument in Italy.

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Olympia, Greece

Olympia (Ολυμπία; Ὀλυμπία), officially Archaia Olympia (Αρχαία Ολυμπία), is a small town in Elis on the Peloponnese peninsula in Greece, famous for the nearby archaeological site of the same name.

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Olympic Games

The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (Jeux olympiques) are the leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions.

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On Weights and Measures

On Weights and Measures is a historical, lexical, metrological, and geographical treatise compiled in 392 AD in Constantia by Epiphanius of Salamis (c. 315–403).

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Ostia Antica

Ostia Antica is an ancient Roman city and the port of Rome located at the mouth of the Tiber.

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Otho

Otho (born Marcus Salvius Otho; 28 April 32 – 16 April 69) was Roman emperor, ruling for three months from 15 January to 16 April 69. Nero and Otho are 1st-century Roman emperors, heads of state who died by suicide, people of the Year of the Four Emperors, Poppaea Sabina, Roman pharaohs and suicides by sharp instrument in Italy.

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Palatine

A palatine or palatinus (Latin;: palatini; cf. derivative spellings below) is a high-level official attached to imperial or royal courts in Europe since Roman times.

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Pallas (freedman)

Marcus Antonius Pallas (died AD 62) was a prominent Greek freedman and secretary during the reigns of the Roman Emperors Claudius and Nero.

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Parallel Lives

The Parallel Lives (Βίοι Παράλληλοι, Bíoi Parállēloi; Vītae Parallēlae) is a series of 48 biographies of famous men written by the Greco-Roman philosopher, historian, and Apollonian priest Plutarch, probably at the beginning of the second century.

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Parthian Empire

The Parthian Empire, also known as the Arsacid Empire, was a major Iranian political and cultural power centered in ancient Iran from 247 BC to 224 AD.

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PBS

The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is an American public broadcaster and non-commercial, free-to-air television network based in Crystal City, Virginia.

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Phaon (freedman)

Phaon was an imperial freedman and confidant of the Roman emperor Nero.

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Philostratus

Philostratus or Lucius Flavius Philostratus (Φιλόστρατος; 170s – 240s AD), called "the Athenian", was a Greek sophist of the Roman imperial period.

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Pincian Hill

The Pincian Hill (Pincio; Mons Pincius) is a hill in the northeast quadrant of the historical centre of Rome.

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Pisonian conspiracy

The conspiracy of Gaius Calpurnius Piso in 65 CE was a major turning point in the reign of the Roman emperor Nero (reign 54–68).

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Pliny the Elder

Gaius Plinius Secundus (AD 23/24 AD 79), called Pliny the Elder, was a Roman author, naturalist, natural philosopher, naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and a friend of the emperor Vespasian.

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Plutarch

Plutarch (Πλούταρχος, Ploútarchos;; – after AD 119) was a Greek Middle Platonist philosopher, historian, biographer, essayist, and priest at the Temple of Apollo in Delphi.

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Poppaea Sabina

Poppaea Sabina (30 AD – 65 AD), also known as Ollia, was a Roman empress as the second wife of the emperor Nero. Nero and Poppaea Sabina are Julio-Claudian dynasty.

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Portico

A portico is a porch leading to the entrance of a building, or extended as a colonnade, with a roof structure over a walkway, supported by columns or enclosed by walls.

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Praetorian Guard

The Praetorian Guard (Latin: cohortes praetoriae) was an elite unit of the Imperial Roman army that served as personal bodyguards and intelligence agents for the Roman emperors.

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Praetorian prefect

The praetorian prefect (praefectus praetorio; ἔπαρχος/ὕπαρχος τῶν πραιτωρίων) was a high office in the Roman Empire.

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Prasutagus

Prasutagus (died AD 60 or 61) was king of a British Celtic tribe called the Iceni, who inhabited roughly what is now Norfolk, in the 1st century AD.

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Princeton University Press

Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.

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Priscilla and Aquila

Priscilla (Priskilla or Priscila) and Aquila (Akylas) were a first-century Christian missionary married couple described in the New Testament.

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Procurator (ancient Rome)

Procurator (plural: Procuratores) was a title of certain officials (not magistrates) in ancient Rome who were in charge of the financial affairs of a province, or imperial governor of a minor province.

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Promagistrate

In ancient Rome, a promagistrate (pro magistratu) was a person who was granted the power via prorogation to act in place of an ordinary magistrate in the field.

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Pseudo-Nero

After the emperor Nero committed suicide near the villa of his freedman Phaon in June of 68 AD, various Nero impostors appeared between the autumn of 69 AD and the reign of the emperor Domitian.

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Public domain

The public domain (PD) consists of all the creative work to which no exclusive intellectual property rights apply.

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Publius Clodius Thrasea Paetus

Publius Clodius Thrasea Paetus (died AD 66), Roman senator, who lived in the 1st century AD.

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Publius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus

Publius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus was a Roman senator active during the Principate.

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Publius Galerius Trachalus

Publius Galerius Trachalus was a Roman senator, who was active during the middle of the first century AD. Nero and Publius Galerius Trachalus are people of the Year of the Four Emperors.

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Publius Petronius Turpilianus

Publius Petronius Turpilianus was a Roman senator who held a number of offices in the middle of the 1st century AD, most notably governor of Britain. Nero and Publius Petronius Turpilianus are 68 deaths and people of the Year of the Four Emperors.

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Pythagoras (freedman)

Pythagoras was a freedman of the Roman emperor Nero, whom he married in a public ceremony in which the emperor took the role of bride.

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Rabbi Meir

Rabbi Meir (רַבִּי מֵאִיר) was a Jewish sage who lived in the time of the Mishnah.

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Roman Armenia

Roman Armenia refers to the rule of parts of Greater Armenia by the Roman Empire from the 1st century AD to the end of Late Antiquity.

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Roman Britain

Roman Britain was the territory that became the Roman province of Britannia after the Roman conquest of Britain, consisting of a large part of the island of Great Britain.

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Roman consul

A consul was the highest elected public official of the Roman Republic (to 27 BC).

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Roman currency

Roman currency for most of Roman history consisted of gold, silver, bronze, orichalcum and copper coinage.

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Roman Egypt

Roman Egypt; was an imperial province of the Roman Empire from 30 BC to AD 641.

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Roman emperor

The Roman emperor was the ruler and monarchical head of state of the Roman Empire, starting with the granting of the title augustus to Octavian in 27 BC.

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Roman Italy

Italia (in both the Latin and Italian languages), also referred to as Roman Italy, was the homeland of the ancient Romans.

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Roman legion

The Roman legion (legiō), the largest military unit of the Roman army, was composed of Roman citizens serving as legionaries.

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Roman Republic

The Roman Republic (Res publica Romana) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom (traditionally dated to 509 BC) and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire following the War of Actium.

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Roman Senate

The Roman Senate (Senātus Rōmānus) was the highest and constituting assembly of ancient Rome and its aristocracy.

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Roman–Parthian War of 58–63

The Roman–Parthian War of 58–63 or the War of the Armenian Succession was fought between the Roman Empire and the Parthian Empire over control of Armenia, a vital buffer state between the two realms.

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Routledge

Routledge is a British multinational publisher.

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Rubellius Plautus

Rubellius Plautus (33–62 AD) was a Roman noble and a political rival of Emperor Nero. Nero and Rubellius Plautus are Julio-Claudian dynasty.

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Rufrius Crispinus

Rufrius Crispinus was an equestrian who lived during the later Julio-Claudian dynasty. Nero and Rufrius Crispinus are Poppaea Sabina.

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Saturnalia

Saturnalia is an ancient Roman festival and holiday in honour of the god Saturn, held on 17 December of the Julian calendar and later expanded with festivities through 19 December.

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Second Epistle to the Thessalonians

The Second Epistle to the Thessalonians is a book from the New Testament of the Christian Bible.

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Second Temple

The Second Temple was the reconstructed Temple in Jerusalem, in use between and its destruction in 70 CE.

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Seneca the Younger

Lucius Annaeus Seneca the Younger (AD 65), usually known mononymously as Seneca, was a Stoic philosopher of Ancient Rome, a statesman, dramatist, and in one work, satirist, from the post-Augustan age of Latin literature.

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Septimius Severus

Lucius Septimius Severus (11 April 145 – 4 February 211) was a Roman politician who served as emperor from 193 to 211. Nero and Septimius Severus are Roman pharaohs.

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Sextus Afranius Burrus

Sextus Afranius Burrus (born AD 1 in Vasio, Gallia Narbonensis; died AD 62) was a prefect of the Praetorian Guard and was, together with Seneca the Younger, an advisor to the Roman emperor Nero, making him a very powerful man in the early years of Nero's reign.

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Sibylline Oracles

The Sibylline Oracles (Oracula Sibyllina; sometimes called the pseudo-Sibylline Oracles) are a collection of oracular utterances written in Greek hexameters ascribed to the Sibyls, prophetesses who uttered divine revelations in a frenzied state.

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Silius Italicus

Tiberius Catius Asconius Silius Italicus (c. 26 – c. 101 AD) was a Roman senator, orator and epic poet of the Silver Age of Latin literature.

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Simon bar Kokhba

Simon bar Kokhba or Simon bar Koseba, commonly referred to simply as Bar Kokhba, was a Jewish military leader in Judea.

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Sporus

Sporus was a young slave boy whom the Roman Emperor Nero had castrated and married as his Empress during his tour of Greece in 66–67 CE, allegedly in order for him to play the role of his wife, Poppaea Sabina, who had died the previous year. Nero and Sporus are Poppaea Sabina.

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State funeral

A state funeral is a public funeral ceremony, observing the strict rules of protocol, held to honour people of national significance.

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Statilia Messalina

Statilia Messalina (c. AD 35 – after 68) was a Roman patrician woman, a Roman Empress and third wife to Roman Emperor Nero. Nero and Statilia Messalina are Julio-Claudian dynasty.

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Subiaco, Lazio

Subiaco is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, in the Italian region of Latium, from Tivoli alongside the River Aniene.

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Suetonius

Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus, commonly referred to as Suetonius (– after AD 122), was a Roman historian who wrote during the early Imperial era of the Roman Empire.

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Sulpicius Severus

Sulpicius Severus (c. 363 – c. 425) was a Christian writer and native of Aquitania in modern-day France.

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Tacitus

Publius Cornelius Tacitus, known simply as Tacitus (–), was a Roman historian and politician.

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Talmud

The Talmud (תַּלְמוּד|Talmūḏ|teaching) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (halakha) and Jewish theology.

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Tannaim

Tannaim (Amoraic Hebrew: תנאים "repeaters", "teachers", singular tanna תנא, borrowed from Aramaic) were the rabbinic sages whose views are recorded in the Mishnah, from approximately 10–220 CE.

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Temple in Jerusalem

The Temple in Jerusalem, or alternatively the Holy Temple, refers to the two religious structures that served as the central places of worship for Israelites and Jews on the modern-day Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem.

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Tertullian

Tertullian (Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus; 155 – 220 AD) was a prolific early Christian author from Carthage in the Roman province of Africa.

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The Jewish War

The Jewish War is a work of Jewish history written by Josephus, a first-century Roman-Jewish historian.

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The Twelve Caesars

De vita Caesarum (Latin; "About the Life of the Caesars"), commonly known as The Twelve Caesars, is a set of twelve biographies of Julius Caesar and the first 11 emperors of the Roman Empire written by Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus.

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Tiber

The Tiber (Tevere; Tiberis) is the third-longest river in Italy and the longest in Central Italy, rising in the Apennine Mountains in Emilia-Romagna and flowing through Tuscany, Umbria, and Lazio, where it is joined by the River Aniene, to the Tyrrhenian Sea, between Ostia and Fiumicino.

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Tiberius

Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus (16 November 42 BC – 16 March AD 37) was Roman emperor from AD 14 until 37. Nero and Tiberius are 1st-century Roman emperors, ancient Roman adoptees, Claudii Nerones, Julio-Claudian dynasty, Roman pharaohs and Roman-era Olympic competitors.

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Tiberius Claudius Narcissus

Tiberius Claudius Narcissus (died) was one of the freedmen who formed the core of the imperial court under the Roman emperor Claudius.

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Tigranes VI of Armenia

Tigranes VI, also known as Tigran VI or by his Roman name Gaius Julius Tigranes (Γαίος Ιούλιος Τιγράνης., before 25 – after 68) was a Herodian prince and served as a Roman client king of Armenia in the 1st century.

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Tiridates I of Armenia

Tiridates I (𐭕𐭉𐭓𐭉𐭃𐭕,; Τιριδάτης) was King of Armenia beginning in 53 AD and the founder of the Arsacid dynasty of Armenia.

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Titus

Titus Caesar Vespasianus (30 December 39 – 13 September AD 81) was Roman emperor from 79 to 81. Nero and Titus are 1st-century Roman emperors and Roman pharaohs.

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Titus Sextius Africanus

Titus Sextius Africanus was a Roman senator who was deterred by Agrippina the Younger from marrying Junia Silana.

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Tomb of the Julii

The popularly named "Tomb of the Julii" (Mausoleum "M") survives in the Vatican Necropolis beneath St. Peter's Basilica.

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Trade

Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money.

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Trajan

Trajan (born Marcus Ulpius Traianus, adopted name Caesar Nerva Traianus; 18 September 53) was a Roman emperor from AD 98 to 117, remembered as the second of the Five Good Emperors of the Nerva–Antonine dynasty. Nero and Trajan are 1st-century Roman emperors, ancient Roman adoptees, LGBT Roman emperors and Roman pharaohs.

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Transactions of the American Philological Association

Transactions of the American Philological Association (TAPA) is a peer-reviewed academic journal established in 1869 and the official publication of the Society for Classical Studies.

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Treatise

A treatise is a formal and systematic written discourse on some subject concerned with investigating or exposing the principles of the subject and its conclusions.

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Trial in absentia

Trial in absentia is a criminal proceeding in a court of law in which the person being tried is not present.

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Tribute

A tribute (from Latin tributum, "contribution") is wealth, often in kind, that a party gives to another as a sign of submission, allegiance or respect.

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Trinovantes

The Trinovantēs (Common Brittonic: *Trinowantī) or Trinobantes were one of the Celtic tribes of Pre-Roman Britain.

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Tulane University

Tulane University, officially the Tulane University of Louisiana, is a private research university in New Orleans, Louisiana.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of the continental mainland.

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Vespasian

Vespasian (Vespasianus; 17 November AD 9 – 23 June 79) was Roman emperor from 69 to 79. Nero and Vespasian are 1st-century Roman emperors, people of the Year of the Four Emperors and Roman pharaohs.

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Vestal Virgin

In ancient Rome, the Vestal Virgins or Vestals (Vestālēs, singular Vestālis) were priestesses of Vesta, virgin goddess of Rome's sacred hearth and its flame.

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Victorinus of Pettau

Saint Victorinus of Pettau (also Ptuj or Poetovio; Greek: Βικτωρίνος Πεταβίου; died 303 or 304) was an Early Christian ecclesiastical writer who flourished about 270, and who was martyred during the persecutions of Emperor Diocletian.

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Villa Borghese gardens

Villa Borghese is a landscape garden in Rome, containing a number of buildings, museums (see Galleria Borghese) and attractions.

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Villa of Nero

The Villa of Nero located south-east of the ancient site of Olympia, Greece is one of the ancient Roman villas built for the Roman emperor Nero in the 1st century AD.

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Virgil

Publius Vergilius Maro (traditional dates 15 October 70 BC21 September 19 BC), usually called Virgil or Vergil in English, was an ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period.

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Vitellius

Aulus Vitellius (24 September 1520 December 69) was Roman emperor for eight months, from 19 April to 20 December AD 69. Nero and Vitellius are 1st-century Roman emperors and people of the Year of the Four Emperors.

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Vologases I of Parthia

Vologases I (𐭅𐭋𐭂𐭔 Walagash) was the King of Kings of the Parthian Empire from 51 to 78.

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Wiley (publisher)

John Wiley & Sons, Inc., commonly known as Wiley, is an American multinational publishing company that focuses on academic publishing and instructional materials.

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William Whiston

William Whiston (9 December 166722 August 1752) was an English theologian, historian, natural philosopher, and mathematician, a leading figure in the popularisation of the ideas of Isaac Newton.

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Year of the Four Emperors

The Year of the Four Emperors, AD 69, was the first civil war of the Roman Empire, during which four emperors ruled in succession: Galba, Otho, Vitellius, and Vespasian. Nero and Year of the Four Emperors are 1st-century Roman emperors.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nero

Also known as Caesar Nero, Claudius Caesar Drusus Germanicus, Claudius Nero, Emperor Nero, Emperor Nero Caesar, Fiddling while Rome burns, Nero Augustus, Nero Caesar, Nero Claudius Caesar, Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus, Nero Claudius Caesar Drusus Germanicus, Nero Lucius Domitius, Nero emperor, Nero's, Nero's Rome, Neron Caesar, Neronian, Nron Qsr, While Rome burns.

, Bruriah, Caesarea Maritima, Caligula, Campus Martius, Cassius Apronianus, Cassius Dio, Catholic Church, Catus Decianus, Cestia gens, Chariot racing, Christians, Circus Maximus, Civil war, Claudia Acte, Claudia Augusta, Claudia Octavia, Claudius, Clement of Rome, Client state, Colosseum, Colossus of Nero, Commodus, Cossus Cornelius Lentulus (consul 60), Counting, Cross of Saint Peter, Culture of ancient Rome, Damnatio memoriae, David Shotter, De mortibus persecutorum, Denarius, Diadem, Dio Chrysostom, Diplomacy, Domitia gens, Domitia Lepida, Domitian, Domus Aurea, Domus Transitoria, Ecclesiastical History (Eusebius), Edom, Encyclopædia Britannica, Epaphroditus (freedman of Nero), Epictetus, Epiphanius of Salamis, Epitome de Caesaribus, Eusebius, Ezekiel, Ezekiel 25, Fabius Rusticus, Faenius Rufus, Faustus Cornelius Sulla Felix, First Jewish–Roman War, Flavian dynasty, Forced suicide, Frederick Cornwallis Conybeare, Freedman, Gaius Calpurnius Piso (conspirator), Gaius Fonteius Agrippa, Gaius Julius Alpinus Classicianus, Gaius Julius Vindex, Gaius Nymphidius Sabinus, Gaius Stertinius Xenophon, Gaius Suetonius Paulinus, Galba, Gallia Lugdunensis, Gardens of Maecenas, Gemara, Germania Superior, Gerolamo Cardano, Gittin, Gladiator, Glyptothek, Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus (father of Nero), Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo, Great Fire of Rome, Greece in the Roman era, Halotus, Hispania, Hispania Tarraconensis, Histories (Tacitus), Horti Lamiani, Horti Lolliani, Howard Hayes Scullard, Iceni, Iliupersis, Infamia, Inscriptiones Latinae Selectae, Jerome, Jerome Biblical Commentary, Jerusalem, John Carew Rolfe, John Chrysostom, John Xiphilinus, Johns Hopkins University, Josephus, Julia Livilla, Julia the Elder, Julio-Claudian dynasty, Kithara, Lactantius, Legend, Lictor, Life of Apollonius of Tyana, List of Roman consuls, List of Roman emperors, Live Science, Locusta, Loeb Classical Library, Lucan, Lucius Antistius Vetus (consul 55), Lucius Calpurnius Piso (consul 57), Lucius Duvius Avitus, Lucius Pedanius Secundus, Lucius Verginius Rufus, Lyre, Marcus Aefulanus, Marcus Cluvius Rufus, Marcus Junius Silanus (consul 46), Marcus Ostorius Scapula (consul 59), Marcus Suillius Nerullinus, Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus (consul 58), Mausoleum of Augustus, Mediterranean Sea, Messalina, Miriam T. Griffin, Mishnah, Mithraism, Modern era, Munich, National Geographic, Neophytus (freedman), Nero Redivivus legend, Nero's exploration of the Nile, Nile, Nostalgia, Number of the beast, Obverse and reverse, Ofonius Tigellinus, Olympia, Greece, Olympic Games, On Weights and Measures, Ostia Antica, Otho, Palatine, Pallas (freedman), Parallel Lives, Parthian Empire, PBS, Phaon (freedman), Philostratus, Pincian Hill, Pisonian conspiracy, Pliny the Elder, Plutarch, Poppaea Sabina, Portico, Praetorian Guard, Praetorian prefect, Prasutagus, Princeton University Press, Priscilla and Aquila, Procurator (ancient Rome), Promagistrate, Pseudo-Nero, Public domain, Publius Clodius Thrasea Paetus, Publius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus, Publius Galerius Trachalus, Publius Petronius Turpilianus, Pythagoras (freedman), Rabbi Meir, Roman Armenia, Roman Britain, Roman consul, Roman currency, Roman Egypt, Roman emperor, Roman Italy, Roman legion, Roman Republic, Roman Senate, Roman–Parthian War of 58–63, Routledge, Rubellius Plautus, Rufrius Crispinus, Saturnalia, Second Epistle to the Thessalonians, Second Temple, Seneca the Younger, Septimius Severus, Sextus Afranius Burrus, Sibylline Oracles, Silius Italicus, Simon bar Kokhba, Sporus, State funeral, Statilia Messalina, Subiaco, Lazio, Suetonius, Sulpicius Severus, Tacitus, Talmud, Tannaim, Temple in Jerusalem, Tertullian, The Jewish War, The Twelve Caesars, Tiber, Tiberius, Tiberius Claudius Narcissus, Tigranes VI of Armenia, Tiridates I of Armenia, Titus, Titus Sextius Africanus, Tomb of the Julii, Trade, Trajan, Transactions of the American Philological Association, Treatise, Trial in absentia, Tribute, Trinovantes, Tulane University, United Kingdom, Vespasian, Vestal Virgin, Victorinus of Pettau, Villa Borghese gardens, Villa of Nero, Virgil, Vitellius, Vologases I of Parthia, Wiley (publisher), William Whiston, Year of the Four Emperors.

Nero, the Glossary

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