Social research & Sociology - Unionpedia, the concept map

Anomie

In sociology, anomie or anomy is a social condition defined by an uprooting or breakdown of any moral values, standards or guidance for individuals to follow.

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Antipositivism

In social science, antipositivism (also interpretivism, negativism or antinaturalism) is a theoretical stance which proposes that the social realm cannot be studied with the methods of investigation utilized within the natural sciences, and that investigation of the social realm requires a different epistemology.

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Auguste Comte

Isidore Auguste Marie François Xavier Comte (19 January 1798 – 30 September 1857) was a French philosopher, mathematician and writer who formulated the doctrine of positivism.

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Émile Durkheim

David Émile Durkheim (or; 15 April 1858 – 15 November 1917), professionally known simply as Émile Durkheim, was a French sociologist.

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Behavioural sciences

Behavioural sciences is a branch of science that explore the cognitive processes within organisms and the behavioural interactions that occur between organisms in the natural world.

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Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.

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Columbia University

Columbia University, officially Columbia University in the City of New York, is a private Ivy League research university in New York City.

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Content analysis

Content analysis is the study of documents and communication artifacts, which might be texts of various formats, pictures, audio or video.

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Convenience sampling

Convenience sampling (also known as grab sampling, accidental sampling, or opportunity sampling) is a type of non-probability sampling that involves the sample being drawn from that part of the population that is close to hand.

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Demography

Demography is the statistical study of human populations: their size, composition (e.g., ethnic group, age), and how they change through the interplay of fertility (births), mortality (deaths), and migration.

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Dependent and independent variables

A variable is considered dependent if it depends on an independent variable.

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Domesday Book

Domesday Book (the Middle English spelling of "Doomsday Book") is a manuscript record of the Great Survey of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 at the behest of King William the Conqueror.

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Earl Babbie

Earl Robert Babbie (born January 8, 1938), is an American sociologist who holds the position of Campbell Professor Emeritus in Behavioral Sciences at Chapman University.

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Engaged theory

Engaged theory is a methodological framework for understanding the social complexity of a society, by using social relations as the base category of study, with the social always understood as grounded in the natural, including people as embodied beings.

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Enumeration

An enumeration is a complete, ordered listing of all the items in a collection.

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Gender

Gender includes the social, psychological, cultural and behavioral aspects of being a man, woman, or other gender identity.

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Historical method

Historical method is the collection of techniques and guidelines that historians use to research and write histories of the past.

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The history of the social sciences has origin in the common stock of Western philosophy and shares various precursors, but began most intentionally in the early 18th century with the positivist philosophy of science.

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Inference

Inferences are steps in reasoning, moving from premises to logical consequences; etymologically, the word infer means to "carry forward".

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Longitudinal study

A longitudinal study (or longitudinal survey, or panel study) is a research design that involves repeated observations of the same variables (e.g., people) over long periods of time (i.e., uses longitudinal data).

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Natural science

Natural science is one of the branches of science concerned with the description, understanding and prediction of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation.

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Nonprobability sampling

Nonprobability sampling is a form of sampling that does not utilise random sampling techniques where the probability of getting any particular sample may be calculated.

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Observation

Observation in the natural sciences is an act or instance of noticing or perceiving and the acquisition of information from a primary source.

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Participant observation

Participant observation is one type of data collection method by practitioner-scholars typically used in qualitative research and ethnography.

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Paul Lazarsfeld

Paul Felix Lazarsfeld (February 13, 1901August 30, 1976) was an Austrian-American sociologist and mathematician.

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Philosophy

Philosophy ('love of wisdom' in Ancient Greek) is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, value, mind, and language.

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Philosophy of science

Philosophy of science is the branch of philosophy concerned with the foundations, methods, and implications of science.

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Political science

Political science is the scientific study of politics.

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Positivism

Positivism is a philosophical school that holds that all genuine knowledge is either true by definition or positive—meaning ''a posteriori'' facts derived by reason and logic from sensory experience.

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Program evaluation

Program evaluation is a systematic method for collecting, analyzing, and using information to answer questions about projects, policies and programs, particularly about their effectiveness and efficiency.

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Protestantism

Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that emphasizes justification of sinners through faith alone, the teaching that salvation comes by unmerited divine grace, the priesthood of all believers, and the Bible as the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice.

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Psychology

Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior.

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Qualitative research

Qualitative research is a type of research that aims to gather and analyse non-numerical (descriptive) data in order to gain an understanding of individuals' social reality, including understanding their attitudes, beliefs, and motivation.

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Quantitative research

Quantitative research is a research strategy that focuses on quantifying the collection and analysis of data.

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Robert K. Merton

Robert King Merton (born Meyer Robert Schkolnick; July 4, 1910 – February 25, 2003) was an American sociologist who is considered a founding father of modern sociology, and a major contributor to the subfield of criminology.

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Sampling (statistics)

In statistics, quality assurance, and survey methodology, sampling is the selection of a subset or a statistical sample (termed sample for short) of individuals from within a statistical population to estimate characteristics of the whole population.

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In social sciences, sequence analysis (SA) is concerned with the analysis of sets of categorical sequences that typically describe longitudinal data.

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Snowball sampling

In sociology and statistics research, snowball sampling (or chain sampling, chain-referral sampling, referral sampling) is a nonprobability sampling technique where existing study subjects recruit future subjects from among their acquaintances.

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In sociology, social action, also known as Weberian social action, is an act which takes into account the actions and reactions of individuals (or 'agents').

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In sociology, social facts are values, cultural norms, and social structures that transcend the individual and can exercise social control.

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In the social sciences, a social group is defined as two or more people who interact with one another, share similar characteristics, and collectively have a sense of unity.

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Social network analysis (SNA) is the process of investigating social structures through the use of networks and graph theory.

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Social psychology is the scientific study of how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others.

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Social science is one of the branches of science, devoted to the study of societies and the relationships among individuals within those societies.

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Social theories are analytical frameworks, or paradigms, that are used to study and interpret social phenomena.

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Statistical population

In statistics, a population is a set of similar items or events which is of interest for some question or experiment.

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Stratified sampling

In statistics, stratified sampling is a method of sampling from a population which can be partitioned into subpopulations.

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Structure and agency

In the social sciences there is a standing debate over the primacy of structure or agency in shaping human behaviour.

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Subset

In mathematics, a set A is a subset of a set B if all elements of A are also elements of B; B is then a superset of A. It is possible for A and B to be equal; if they are unequal, then A is a proper subset of B. The relationship of one set being a subset of another is called inclusion (or sometimes containment).

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Suicide (Durkheim book)

Suicide: A Study in Sociology (Le Suicide: Étude de sociologie) is an 1897 book written by French sociologist Émile Durkheim.

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Survey (human research)

In research of human subjects, a survey is a list of questions aimed for extracting specific data from a particular group of people.

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Survey methodology

Survey methodology is "the study of survey methods".

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The Rules of Sociological Method

The Rules of Sociological Method (Les Règles de la méthode sociologique) is a book by Émile Durkheim, first published in 1895.

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Theory

A theory is a rational type of abstract thinking about a phenomenon, or the results of such thinking.

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In the social sciences, triangulation refers to the application and combination of several research methods in the study of the same phenomenon.

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University of Bordeaux

The University of Bordeaux (French: Université de Bordeaux) is a public university based in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.

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The Institute for Social Research (Institut für Sozialforschung, IfS) is a research organization for sociology and continental philosophy, best known as the institutional home of the Frankfurt School and critical theory.

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