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Total war, the Glossary

Total war is a type of warfare that includes any and all (including civilian-associated) resources and infrastructure as legitimate military targets, mobilises all of the resources of society to fight the war, and gives priority to warfare over non-combatant needs.^[1]

215 relations: Absolute war, Adolf Hitler, Adolf Hitler's rise to power, Air force, Air Ministry, Albert Speer, Allied submarines in the Pacific War, Allies of World War I, American Civil War, Armistice, Army, Arthur Harris, Arthur Meighen, Atomic Age, Battle of Moscow, Battle of Neuve Chapelle, Battle of Stalingrad, Battle of Waterloo, Battlespace, Belfort, Bevin Boys, Billet, Blackout (wartime), Blitzkrieg, Blockade, Blockade of Germany (1914–1919), Blockade of Germany (1939–1945), Bomber stream, Bombing of Dresden, Bulgaria, Carl Schmitt, Carl von Clausewitz, Casablanca Conference, Central Europe, Chief of staff, Civilian, Cold War, Collateral damage, Collective punishment, Combatant, Commando Order, Commerce raiding, Communards, Conscription, Conscription Crisis of 1917, Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942), Conventional warfare, Curtis LeMay, David Lloyd George, Debellatio, ... Expand index (165 more) »
Military economics
Wars by type

Absolute war

The concept of absolute war was a theoretical construct developed by the Prussian military theorist General Carl von Clausewitz in his famous but unfinished philosophical exploration of war, Vom Kriege (in English, On War, 1832). Total war and absolute war are military doctrines.

See Total war and Absolute war

Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until his suicide in 1945.

See Total war and Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler's rise to power

Adolf Hitler's rise to power began in the newly established Weimar Republic in September 1919 when Hitler joined the Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (DAP; German Workers' Party).

See Total war and Adolf Hitler's rise to power

Air force

An air force in the broadest sense is the national military branch that primarily conducts aerial warfare.

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Air Ministry

The Air Ministry was a department of the Government of the United Kingdom with the responsibility of managing the affairs of the Royal Air Force, that existed from 1918 to 1964.

See Total war and Air Ministry

Albert Speer

Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer (19 March 1905 – 1 September 1981) was a German architect who served as the Minister of Armaments and War Production in Nazi Germany during most of World War II.

See Total war and Albert Speer

Allied submarines in the Pacific War

Allied submarines were used extensively during the Pacific War and were a key contributor to the defeat of the Empire of Japan.

See Total war and Allied submarines in the Pacific War

Allies of World War I

The Allies, the Entente or the Triple Entente was an international military coalition of countries led by France, the United Kingdom, Russia, the United States, Italy, and Japan against the Central Powers of Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria in World War I (1914–1918).

See Total war and Allies of World War I

American Civil War

The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), which was formed in 1861 by states that had seceded from the Union.

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Armistice

An armistice is a formal agreement of warring parties to stop fighting.

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Army

An army, ground force or land force is an armed force that fights primarily on land.

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Arthur Harris

Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir Arthur Travers Harris, 1st Baronet, (13 April 1892 – 5 April 1984), commonly known as "Bomber" Harris by the press and often within the RAF as "Butch" Harris, was Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief (AOC-in-C) RAF Bomber Command during the height of the Anglo-American strategic bombing campaign against Nazi Germany in the Second World War.

See Total war and Arthur Harris

Arthur Meighen

Arthur Meighen (June 16, 1874 – August 5, 1960) was a Canadian lawyer and politician who served as the ninth prime minister of Canada from 1920 to 1921 and from June to September 1926.

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Atomic Age

The Atomic Age, also known as the Atomic Era, is the period of history following the detonation of the first nuclear weapon, The Gadget at the Trinity test in New Mexico on 16 July 1945 during World War II.

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Battle of Moscow

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Battle of Neuve Chapelle

The Battle of Neuve Chapelle (10–13 March 1915) took place in the First World War in the Artois region of France.

See Total war and Battle of Neuve Chapelle

Battle of Stalingrad

The Battle of StalingradSchlacht von Stalingrad see; p (17 July 19422 February 1943) was a major battle on the Eastern Front of World War II, beginning when Nazi Germany and its Axis allies attacked and became locked in a protracted struggle with the Soviet Union for control over the Soviet city of Stalingrad in southern Russia.

See Total war and Battle of Stalingrad

Battle of Waterloo

The Battle of Waterloo was fought on Sunday 18 June 1815, near Waterloo (at that time in the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, now in Belgium), marking the end of the Napoleonic Wars.

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Battlespace

Battlespace or battle-space is a term used to signify a military strategy which integrates multiple armed forces for the military theatre of operations, including air, information, land, sea, cyber and outer space to achieve military goals.

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Belfort

Belfort (archaic Beffert, Beffort) is a city in northeastern France, situated approximately from the Swiss border.

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Bevin Boys

Bevin Boys were young British men conscripted to work in coal mines between December 1943 and March 1948, to increase the rate of coal production, which had declined through the early years of World War II.

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Billet

A billet is a living-quarters to which a soldier is assigned to sleep.

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Blackout (wartime)

A blackout during war, or in preparation for an expected war, is the practice of collectively minimizing outdoor light, including upwardly directed (or reflected) light.

See Total war and Blackout (wartime)

Blitzkrieg

Blitzkrieg (from Blitz "lightning" + Krieg "war") or Bewegungskrieg is a word used to describe a combined arms surprise attack using a rapid, overwhelming force concentration that may consist of armored and motorized or mechanized infantry formations; together with artillery, air assault, and close air support; with intent to break through the opponent's lines of defense, dislocate the defenders, unbalance the enemies by making it difficult to respond to the continuously changing front, and defeat them in a decisive Vernichtungsschlacht: a battle of annihilation. Total war and Blitzkrieg are warfare by type.

See Total war and Blitzkrieg

Blockade

A blockade is the act of actively preventing a country or region from receiving or sending out food, supplies, weapons, or communications, and sometimes people, by military force.

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Blockade of Germany (1914–1919)

The Blockade of Germany, or the Blockade of Europe, occurred from 1914 to 1919.

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Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)

The Blockade of Germany (1939–1945), also known as the Economic War, involved operations carried out during World War II by the British Empire and by France in order to restrict the supplies of minerals, fuel, metals, food and textiles needed by Nazi Germany – and later by Fascist Italy – in order to sustain their war efforts.

See Total war and Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)

Bomber stream

The bomber stream was a saturation attack tactic developed by the Royal Air Force (RAF) Bomber Command to overwhelm the nighttime German aerial defences of the Kammhuber Line during World War II.

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Bombing of Dresden

The bombing of Dresden was a joint British and American aerial bombing attack on the city of Dresden, the capital of the German state of Saxony, during World War II.

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Bulgaria

Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. Located west of the Black Sea and south of the Danube river, Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey to the south, Serbia and North Macedonia to the west, and Romania to the north. It covers a territory of and is the 16th largest country in Europe.

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Carl Schmitt

Carl Schmitt (11 July 1888 – 7 April 1985) was a German jurist, political theorist, geopolitician and prominent member of the Nazi Party.

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Carl von Clausewitz

Carl Philipp Gottfried (or Gottlieb) von Clausewitz (1 July 1780 – 16 November 1831) was a Prussian general and military theorist who stressed the "moral" (in modern terms meaning psychological) and political aspects of waging war.

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Casablanca Conference

The Casablanca Conference (codenamed SYMBOL) or Anfa Conference was held in Casablanca, French Morocco, from January 14 to 24, 1943, to plan the Allied European strategy for the next phase of World War II.

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Central Europe

Central Europe is a geographical region of Europe between Eastern, Southern, Western and Northern Europe.

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Chief of staff

The title chief of staff (or head of staff) identifies the leader of a complex organization such as the armed forces, institution, or body of persons and it also may identify a principal staff officer (PSO), who is the coordinator of the supporting staff or a primary aide-de-camp to an important individual, such as a president, or a senior military officer, or leader of a large organization.

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Civilian

A civilian is a person who is not a member of an armed force nor a person engaged in hostilities.

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Cold War

The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc, that started in 1947, two years after the end of World War II, and lasted until the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991.

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Collateral damage

"Collateral damage" is a term for any incidental and undesired death, injury or other damage inflicted, especially on civilians, as the result of an activity.

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Collective punishment

Collective punishment is a punishment or sanction imposed on a group or whole community for acts allegedly perpetrated by a member of that group, which could be an ethnic or political group, or just the family, friends and neighbors of the perpetrator.

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Combatant

Combatant is the legal status of a person entitled to directly participate in hostilities during an armed conflict, and may be intentionally targeted by an adverse party for their participation in the armed conflict.

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Commando Order

The Commando Order was issued by the OKW, the high command of the German Armed Forces, on 18 October 1942.

See Total war and Commando Order

Commerce raiding

Commerce raiding is a form of naval warfare used to destroy or disrupt logistics of the enemy on the open sea by attacking its merchant shipping, rather than engaging its combatants or enforcing a blockade against them.

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Communards

The Communards were members and supporters of the short-lived 1871 Paris Commune formed in the wake of the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War.

See Total war and Communards

Conscription

Conscription is the state-mandated enlistment of people in a national service, mainly a military service.

See Total war and Conscription

Conscription Crisis of 1917

The Conscription Crisis of 1917 (Crise de la conscription de 1917) was a political and military crisis in Canada during World War I. It was mainly caused by disagreement on whether men should be conscripted to fight in the war, but also brought out many issues regarding relations between French Canadians and English Canadians.

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Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942)

The Conservative Party of Canada was a major federal political party in Canada that existed from 1867 to 1942.

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Conventional warfare

Conventional warfare is a form of warfare conducted by using conventional weapons and battlefield tactics between two or more states in open confrontation. Total war and conventional warfare are military doctrines, military science and warfare by type.

See Total war and Conventional warfare

Curtis LeMay

Curtis Emerson LeMay (November 15, 1906 – October 1, 1990) was a US Air Force general who implemented an effective but controversial strategic bombing campaign in the Pacific theater of World War II.

See Total war and Curtis LeMay

David Lloyd George

David Lloyd George, 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor, (17 January 1863 – 26 March 1945) was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1916 to 1922.

See Total war and David Lloyd George

Debellatio

The term debellatio or "debellation" (Latin "defeating, or the act of conquering or subduing", literally, "warring (the enemy) down", from Latin bellum "war") designates the end of war caused by complete destruction of a hostile state.

See Total war and Debellatio

East Asia

East Asia is a geographical and cultural region of Asia including the countries of China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan.

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Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe is a subregion of the European continent.

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Eastern Michigan University

Eastern Michigan University (EMU, EMich, Eastern Michigan or simply Eastern), is a public research university in Ypsilanti, Michigan.

See Total war and Eastern Michigan University

Economic warfare

Economic warfare or economic war is an economic strategy utilized by belligerent states with the goal of weakening the economy of other states. Total war and economic warfare are military economics.

See Total war and Economic warfare

Empire of Japan

The Empire of Japan, also referred to as the Japanese Empire, Imperial Japan, or simply Japan, was the Japanese nation-state that existed from the Meiji Restoration in 1868 until the enactment of the reformed Constitution of Japan in 1947.

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Erich Ludendorff

Erich Friedrich Wilhelm Ludendorff (9 April 1865 – 20 December 1937) was a German military officer and politician who contributed significantly to the Nazis' rise to power.

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European theatre of World War II

The European theatre of World War II was one of the two main theatres of combat during World War II.

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Evacuations of civilians in Britain during World War II

The evacuation of civilians in Britain during the Second World War was designed to defend individuals, especially children, from the risks associated with aerial bombing of cities by moving them to areas thought to be less at risk.

See Total war and Evacuations of civilians in Britain during World War II

Field marshal

Field marshal (or field-marshal, abbreviated as FM) is the second most senior military rank, ordinarily senior to the general officer ranks, but junior to the rank of Generalissimo.

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First Geneva Convention

The First Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field, held on 22 August 1864, is the first of four treaties of the Geneva Conventions.

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Forced labour

Forced labour, or unfree labour, is any work relation, especially in modern or early modern history, in which people are employed against their will with the threat of destitution, detention, or violence, including death or other forms of extreme hardship to either themselves or members of their families.

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Forced labour under German rule during World War II

The use of slave and forced labour in Nazi Germany (Zwangsarbeit) and throughout German-occupied Europe during World War II took place on an unprecedented scale.

See Total war and Forced labour under German rule during World War II

Franco-Prussian War

The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the War of 1870, was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia.

See Total war and Franco-Prussian War

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882April 12, 1945), commonly known by his initials FDR, was an American politician who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945.

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French invasion of Russia

The French invasion of Russia, also known as the Russian campaign (Campagne de Russie) and in Russia as the Patriotic War of 1812 (Otéchestvennaya voyná 1812 góda), was initiated by Napoleon with the aim of compelling the Russian Empire to comply with the continental blockade of the United Kingdom.

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French Revolutionary Wars

The French Revolutionary Wars (Guerres de la Révolution française) were a series of sweeping military conflicts resulting from the French Revolution that lasted from 1792 until 1802.

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Geneva Convention on Prisoners of War

The Geneva Convention on Prisoners of War was signed at Geneva, July 27, 1929.

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George Washington

George Washington (February 22, 1732, 1799) was an American Founding Father, military officer, and politician who served as the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797.

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German Historical Institutes

The German Historical Institutes (GHI), Deutsche Historische Institute, (DHI) are six independent academic research institutes of the Max Weber Foundation dedicated to the study of historical relations between Germany and the host countries in which they are based.

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German Labour Front

The German Labour Front (Deutsche Arbeitsfront,; DAF) was the national labour organization of the Nazi Party, which replaced the various independent trade unions in Germany during the process of Gleichschaltung or Nazification.

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Germany

Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), is a country in Central Europe.

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H. H. Asquith

Herbert Henry Asquith, 1st Earl of Oxford and Asquith (12 September 1852 – 15 February 1928), generally known as H. H. Asquith, was a British politician and statesman who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1908 to 1916.

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Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907

The Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 are a series of international treaties and declarations negotiated at two international peace conferences at The Hague in the Netherlands.

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Hans Lammers

Hans Heinrich Lammers (27 May 1879 – 4 January 1962) was a German jurist and prominent Nazi Party politician.

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Hermann Göring

Hermann Wilhelm Göring (or Goering;; 12 January 1893 – 15 October 1946) was a German politician, military leader, and convicted war criminal.

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History of France

The first written records for the history of France appeared in the Iron Age.

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Home front

Home front is an English language term with analogues in other languages.

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Home front during World War I

The home front during World War I covers the domestic, economic, social and political histories of countries involved in that conflict.

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Home front during World War II

The term "home front" covers the activities of the civilians in a nation at war.

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House of Commons of the United Kingdom

The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

See Total war and House of Commons of the United Kingdom

Hundred Days

The Hundred Days (les Cent-Jours), also known as the War of the Seventh Coalition (Guerre de la Septième Coalition), marked the period between Napoleon's return from eleven months of exile on the island of Elba to Paris on20 March 1815 and the second restoration of King Louis XVIII on 8 July 1815 (a period of 110 days).

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Ideology

An ideology is a set of beliefs or philosophies attributed to a person or group of persons, especially those held for reasons that are not purely epistemic, in which "practical elements are as prominent as theoretical ones".

See Total war and Ideology

Imperial German Navy

The Imperial German Navy or the Kaiserliche Marine (Imperial Navy) was the navy of the German Empire, which existed between 1871 and 1919.

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Imperial Japanese Army

The (IJA) was the principal ground force of the Empire of Japan.

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Imperial Rule Assistance Association

The, or Imperial Aid Association, was the Empire of Japan's ruling political organization during much of the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II.

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Industrial warfare

Industrial warfare is a period in the history of warfare ranging roughly from the early 19th century and the start of the Industrial Revolution to the beginning of the Atomic Age, which saw the rise of nation-states, capable of creating and equipping large armies, navies, and air forces, through the process of industrialization. Total war and industrial warfare are military economics.

See Total war and Industrial warfare

Iran–Iraq War

The Iran–Iraq War, also known as the First Gulf War, was an armed conflict between Iran and Iraq that lasted from September 1980 to August 1988.

See Total war and Iran–Iraq War

John Sullivan (general)

Major-General John Sullivan (February 17, 1740 – January 23, 1795) was a Continental Army officer, politician and judge who fought in the American Revolutionary War and participated several key events of the conflict, including most notably George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River.

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Joseph Goebbels

Paul Joseph Goebbels (29 October 1897 – 1 May 1945) was a German Nazi politician and philologist who was the Gauleiter (district leader) of Berlin, chief propagandist for the Nazi Party, and then Reich Minister of Propaganda from 1933 to 1945.

See Total war and Joseph Goebbels

Kammhuber Line

The Kammhuber Line was the name given by the Allies to the German night-fighter air-defence system established in western Europe in July 1940 by Colonel Josef Kammhuber.

See Total war and Kammhuber Line

Law of war

The law of war is a component of international law that regulates the conditions for initiating war (jus ad bellum) and the conduct of hostilities (jus in bello).

See Total war and Law of war

Legitimate military target

A legitimate military target is an object, structure, individual, or entity that is considered to be a valid target for attack by belligerent forces according to the law of war during an armed conflict.

See Total war and Legitimate military target

Lend-Lease

Lend-Lease, formally the Lend-Lease Act and introduced as An Act to Promote the Defense of the United States, in Milestone Documents, National Archives of the United States, Washington, D.C., retrieved February 8, 2024; (notes: "Passed on March 11, 1941, this act set up a system that would allow the United States to lend or lease war supplies to any nation deemed 'vital to the defense of the United States.'"; contains photo of the original bill, H.R.

See Total war and Lend-Lease

Levée en masse

Levée en masse (or, in English, ''mass levy'') is a French term used for a policy of mass national conscription, often in the face of invasion.

See Total war and Levée en masse

Liberal Party (UK)

The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties in the United Kingdom, along with the Conservative Party, in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

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Liberal Party of Canada

The Liberal Party of Canada (LPC; region, PLC) is a federal political party in Canada.

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List of states with nuclear weapons

Eight sovereign states have publicly announced successful detonation of nuclear weapons.

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Logistics

Logistics is the part of supply chain management that deals with the efficient forward and reverse flow of goods, services, and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption according to the needs of customers.

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Los Alamos National Laboratory

Los Alamos National Laboratory (often shortened as Los Alamos and LANL) is one of the sixteen research and development laboratories of the United States Department of Energy (DOE), located a short distance northwest of Santa Fe, New Mexico, in the American southwest.

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Loyalist (American Revolution)

Loyalists were colonists in the Thirteen Colonies who remained loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolutionary War, often referred to as Tories, Royalists, or King's Men at the time.

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Maillé massacre

The Maillé Massacre refers to the murder on 25 August 1944 of 124 of the 500 residents of the commune of Maillé in the department of the Indre-et-Loire.

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Manhattan Project

The Manhattan Project was a research and development program undertaken during World War II to produce the first nuclear weapons.

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Martin Bormann

Martin Ludwig Bormann (17 June 1900 – 2 May 1945) was a German Nazi Party official and head of the Nazi Party Chancellery, private secretary to Adolf Hitler, and a war criminal.

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Metz

Metz (Divodurum Mediomatricorum, then Mettis) is a city in northeast France located at the confluence of the Moselle and the Seille rivers.

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Military deception

Military deception (MILDEC) is an attempt by a military unit to gain an advantage during warfare by misleading adversary decision makers into taking action or inaction that creates favorable conditions for the deceiving force.

See Total war and Military deception

Military intelligence

Military intelligence is a military discipline that uses information collection and analysis approaches to provide guidance and direction to assist commanders in their decisions. Total war and military intelligence are military science.

See Total war and Military intelligence

Military occupation

Military occupation, also called belligerent occupation or simply occupation, is temporary hostile control exerted by a ruling power's military apparatus over a sovereign territory that is outside of the legal boundaries of that ruling power's own sovereign territory.

See Total war and Military occupation

Military operation

A military operation (op) is the coordinated military actions of a state, or a non-state actor, in response to a developing situation.

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Military personnel

Military personnel or military service members are members of the state's armed forces.

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Military–industrial complex

The expression military–industrial complex (MIC) describes the relationship between a country's military and the defense industry that supplies it, seen together as a vested interest which influences public policy. Total war and military–industrial complex are military economics.

See Total war and Military–industrial complex

Minister of Munitions

The Minister of Munitions was a British government position created during the First World War to oversee and co-ordinate the production and distribution of munitions for the war effort.

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Money

Money is any item or verifiable record that is generally accepted as payment for goods and services and repayment of debts, such as taxes, in a particular country or socio-economic context.

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Music hall

Music hall is a type of British theatrical entertainment that was most popular from the early Victorian era, beginning around 1850, through the Great War.

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Mutual assured destruction

Mutual assured destruction (MAD) is a doctrine of military strategy and national security policy which posits that a full-scale use of nuclear weapons by an attacker on a nuclear-armed defender with second-strike capabilities would result in the complete annihilation of both the attacker and the defender. Total war and Mutual assured destruction are military doctrines.

See Total war and Mutual assured destruction

National Spiritual Mobilization Movement

The was an organization established in the Empire of Japan as part of the controls on civilian organizations under the National General Mobilization Law by Prime Minister Fumimaro Konoe.

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Nationalization

Nationalization (nationalisation in British English) is the process of transforming privately-owned assets into public assets by bringing them under the public ownership of a national government or state.

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Navy

A navy, naval force, military maritime fleet, war navy, or maritime force is the branch of a nation's armed forces principally designated for naval and amphibious warfare; namely, lake-borne, riverine, littoral, or ocean-borne combat operations and related functions.

See Total war and Navy

Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship.

See Total war and Nazi Germany

Nazism

Nazism, formally National Socialism (NS; Nationalsozialismus), is the far-right totalitarian socio-political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Germany.

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The news media or news industry are forms of mass media that focus on delivering news to the general public.

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Nikita Khrushchev

Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (– 11 September 1971) was First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, and Chairman of the Council of Ministers (premier) from 1958 to 1964.

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No quarter

No quarter, during military conflict, implies that combatants would not be taken prisoner, but killed.

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Non-combatant

Non-combatant is a term of art in the law of war and international humanitarian law to refer to civilians who are not taking a direct part in hostilities; persons, such as combat medics and military chaplains, who are members of the belligerent armed forces but are protected because of their specific duties (as currently described in Protocol I of the Geneva Conventions, adopted in June 1977); combatants who are placed hors de combat; and neutral persons, such as peacekeepers, who are not involved in fighting for one of the belligerents involved in a war.

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Nuremberg trials

The Nuremberg trials were held by the Allies against representatives of the defeated Nazi Germany for plotting and carrying out invasions of other countries across Europe and atrocities against their citizens in World War II.

See Total war and Nuremberg trials

On War

Vom Kriege is a book on war and military strategy by Prussian general Carl von Clausewitz (1780–1831), written mostly after the Napoleonic wars, between 1816 and 1830, and published posthumously by his wife Marie von Brühl in 1832.

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Operation Barbarossa

Operation Barbarossa (Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany and many of its Axis allies, starting on Sunday, 22 June 1941, during World War II.

See Total war and Operation Barbarossa

Operation Barrel Roll

Operation Barrel Roll was a covert U.S. Air Force 2nd Air Division and U.S. Navy Task Force 77, interdiction and close air support campaign conducted in the Kingdom of Laos between 5 March 1964 and 29 March 1973 concurrent with the Vietnam War.

See Total war and Operation Barrel Roll

Operation Linebacker II

Operation Linebacker II, sometimes referred to as the Christmas bombings, was a strategic bombing campaign conducted by the United States against targets in North Vietnam from December 18 to December 29, 1972, during the Vietnam War.

See Total war and Operation Linebacker II

Operation Rolling Thunder

Operation Rolling Thunder was a gradual and sustained aerial bombardment campaign conducted by the United States (U.S.) 2nd Air Division (later Seventh Air Force), U.S. Navy, and Republic of Vietnam Air Force (RVNAF) against North Vietnam from 2 March 1965 until 2 November 1968, during the Vietnam War.

See Total war and Operation Rolling Thunder

Operations research

Operations research (operational research) (U.S. Air Force Specialty Code: Operations Analysis), often shortened to the initialism OR, is a discipline that deals with the development and application of analytical methods to improve decision-making.

See Total war and Operations research

Pacific War

The Pacific War, sometimes called the Asia–Pacific War or the Pacific Theater, was the theater of World War II that was fought in eastern Asia, the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and Oceania.

See Total war and Pacific War

Pacification actions in German-occupied Poland

Pacification actions were one of many punitive measures designed by Nazi Germany to inflict terror on the civilian population of occupied Polish villages and towns with the use of military and police force.

See Total war and Pacification actions in German-occupied Poland

Paris

Paris is the capital and largest city of France.

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Paris Commune

The Paris Commune was a French revolutionary government that seized power in Paris from 18 March to 28 May 1871.

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Patrick Blackett

Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett, Baron Blackett, (18 November 1897 – 13 July 1974), was a British experimental physicist known for his work on cloud chambers, cosmic rays, and paleomagnetism, awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1948.

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Pearl Harbor

Pearl Harbor is an American lagoon harbor on the island of Oahu, Hawaii, west of Honolulu.

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Peninsular War

The Peninsular War (1807–1814) was the military conflict fought in the Iberian Peninsula by Spain, Portugal, and the United Kingdom against the invading and occupying forces of the First French Empire during the Napoleonic Wars.

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Peter Strasser

Peter Strasser (1 April 1876 – 5 August 1918) was chief commander of German Imperial Navy Zeppelins during World War I, the main force operating bombing campaigns from 1915 to 1917.

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Phoney War

The Phoney War (Drôle de guerre; Sitzkrieg) was an eight-month period at the start of World War II during which there was only one limited military land operation on the Western Front, when French troops invaded Germany's Saar district.

See Total war and Phoney War

Planned economy

A planned economy is a type of economic system where the distribution of goods and services or the investment, production and the allocation of capital goods takes place according to economic plans that are either economy-wide or limited to a category of goods and services.

See Total war and Planned economy

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom

The prime minister of the United Kingdom is the head of government of the United Kingdom.

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Princeton University

Princeton University is a private Ivy League research university in Princeton, New Jersey.

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Prisoner of war

A prisoner of war (POW) is a person who is held captive by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict.

See Total war and Prisoner of war

Privateer

A privateer is a private person or vessel which engages in maritime warfare under a commission of war.

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Propaganda

Propaganda is communication that is primarily used to influence or persuade an audience to further an agenda, which may not be objective and may be selectively presenting facts to encourage a particular synthesis or perception, or using loaded language to produce an emotional rather than a rational response to the information that is being presented.

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Public opinion

Public opinion, or popular opinion, is the collective opinion on a specific topic or voting intention relevant to society.

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Ralf Georg Reuth

Ralf Georg Reuth (born 4 June 1952 in Oberfranken) is a German journalist and historian.

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Rationing

Rationing is the controlled distribution of scarce resources, goods, services, or an artificial restriction of demand.

See Total war and Rationing

Red Army

The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union.

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Reich Chancellery

The Reich Chancellery (Reichskanzlei) was the traditional name of the office of the Chancellor of Germany (then called Reichskanzler) in the period of the German Reich from 1878 to 1945.

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Reprisal

A reprisal is a limited and deliberate violation of international law to punish another sovereign state that has already broken them. Total war and reprisal are military doctrines.

See Total war and Reprisal

Resistance during World War II

During World War II, resistance movements operated in German-occupied Europe by a variety of means, ranging from non-cooperation to propaganda, hiding crashed pilots and even to outright warfare and the recapturing of towns.

See Total war and Resistance during World War II

Robert Ley

Robert Ley (15 February 1890 – 25 October 1945) was a German politician during the Nazi era, who headed the German Labour Front during its entire existence, from 1933 to 1945.

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Roerich Pact

The Treaty on the Protection of Artistic and Scientific Institutions and Historic Monuments or Roerich Pact is an inter-American treaty.

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Romanian People's Tribunals

The two Romanian People's Tribunals (Tribunalele Poporului), the Bucharest People's Tribunal and the Northern Transylvania People's Tribunal (which sat in Cluj) were set up by the post-World War II government of Romania, overseen by the Allied Control Commission to try suspected war criminals, in line with Article 14 of the Armistice Agreement with Romania which said: "The Romanian Government and High Command undertake to collaborate with the Allied (Soviet) High Command in the apprehension and trial of persons accused of war crimes".

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Royal Air Force

The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the air and space force of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies.

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Russian invasion of Ukraine

On 24 February 2022, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, which started in 2014.

See Total war and Russian invasion of Ukraine

Scorched earth

A scorched-earth policy is a military strategy of destroying everything that allows an enemy military force to be able to fight a war, including the deprivation and destruction of water, food, humans, animals, plants and any kind of tools and infrastructure.

See Total war and Scorched earth

Second Sino-Japanese War

The Second Sino-Japanese War was fought between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan between 1937 and 1945, following a period of war localized to Manchuria that started in 1931.

See Total war and Second Sino-Japanese War

Shōwa era

The was the period of Japanese history corresponding to the reign of Emperor Shōwa (commonly known in English as Emperor Hirohito) from December 25, 1926, until his death on January 7, 1989.

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Shell (projectile)

A shell, in a military context, is a projectile whose payload contains an explosive, incendiary, or other chemical filling.

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Shell Crisis of 1915

The Shell Crisis of 1915 was a shortage of artillery shells on the front lines in the First World War that led to a political crisis in the United Kingdom.

See Total war and Shell Crisis of 1915

Sherman's March to the Sea

Sherman's March to the Sea (also known as the Savannah campaign or simply Sherman's March) was a military campaign of the American Civil War conducted through Georgia from November 15 until December 21, 1864, by William Tecumseh Sherman, major general of the Union Army.

See Total war and Sherman's March to the Sea

Siege

A siege (lit) is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or by well-prepared assault.

See Total war and Siege

Siege of Leningrad

The Siege of Leningrad was a prolonged military siege undertaken by the Axis powers and co-belligerent Finland against the Soviet city of Leningrad (present-day Saint Petersburg) on the Eastern Front of World War II.

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Slavery

Slavery is the ownership of a person as property, especially in regards to their labour.

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Slavery in Japan

Japan had an official slave system from the Yamato period (3rd century A.D.) until Toyotomi Hideyoshi abolished it in 1590.

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Slum

A slum is a highly populated urban residential area consisting of densely packed housing units of weak build quality and often associated with poverty.

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Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.

See Total war and Soviet Union

Soviet–Afghan War

The Soviet–Afghan War was a protracted armed conflict fought in the Soviet-controlled Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (DRA) from 1979 to 1989. The war was a major conflict of the Cold War as it saw extensive fighting between Soviet Union, the DRA and allied paramilitary groups against the Afghan mujahideen and their allied foreign fighters.

See Total war and Soviet–Afghan War

Sportpalast speech

The Sportpalast speech (Sportpalastrede) or Total War speech was a speech delivered by German Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels at the Berlin ''Sportpalast'' to a large, carefully selected audience on 18 February 1943, as the tide of World War II was turning against Nazi Germany and its Axis allies.

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Stab-in-the-back myth

The stab-in-the-back myth was an antisemitic conspiracy theory that was widely believed and promulgated in Germany after 1918.

See Total war and Stab-in-the-back myth

Starvation

Starvation is a severe deficiency in caloric energy intake, below the level needed to maintain an organism's life.

See Total war and Starvation

State General Mobilization Law

The, also known as the National Mobilization Law, was legislated in the Diet of Japan by Prime Minister Fumimaro Konoe on 24 March 1938 to put the national economy of the Empire of Japan on war-time footing after the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War.

See Total war and State General Mobilization Law

Strasbourg

Strasbourg (Straßburg) is the prefecture and largest city of the Grand Est region of eastern France, at the border with Germany in the historic region of Alsace.

See Total war and Strasbourg

Strategic bombing

Strategic bombing is a systematically organized and executed attack from the air which can utilize strategic bombers, long- or medium-range missiles, or nuclear-armed fighter-bomber aircraft to attack targets deemed vital to the enemy's war-making capability. Total war and strategic bombing are military doctrines.

See Total war and Strategic bombing

Strategic bombing during World War II

World War II (1939–1945) involved sustained strategic bombing of railways, harbours, cities, workers' and civilian housing, and industrial districts in enemy territory. Strategic bombing as a military strategy is distinct both from close air support of ground forces and from tactical air power.

See Total war and Strategic bombing during World War II

Sullivan Expedition

The 1779 Sullivan Expedition (also known as the Sullivan-Clinton Expedition, the Sullivan Campaign, and the Sullivan-Clinton Genocide) was a United States military campaign during the American Revolutionary War, lasting from June to October 1779, against the four British-allied nations of the Iroquois (also known as the Haudenosaunee).

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Superpower

Superpower describes a sovereign state or supranational union that holds a dominant position characterized by the ability to exert influence and project power on a global scale.

See Total war and Superpower

T-34

The T-34 is a Soviet medium tank from World War II.

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Territory

A territory is an area of land, sea, or space, belonging or connected to a particular country, person, or animal.

See Total war and Territory

The bomber will always get through

"The bomber will always get through" was a phrase used by Stanley Baldwin in a 1932 speech "A Fear for the Future" given to the British Parliament.

See Total war and The bomber will always get through

The Wall Street Journal

The Wall Street Journal (WSJ), also referred to simply as the Journal, is an American newspaper based in New York City, with a focus on business and finance.

See Total war and The Wall Street Journal

Theoretical physics

Theoretical physics is a branch of physics that employs mathematical models and abstractions of physical objects and systems to rationalize, explain, and predict natural phenomena.

See Total war and Theoretical physics

Three Alls policy

The Three Alls policy (三光作戦 Sankō Sakusen) was a Japanese scorched earth policy adopted in China during World War II, the three "alls" being "kill all, burn all, loot all".

See Total war and Three Alls policy

Tonnage war

A tonnage war is a military strategy aimed at merchant shipping.

See Total war and Tonnage war

Trade union

A trade union (British English) or labor union (American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers whose purpose is to maintain or improve the conditions of their employment, such as attaining better wages and benefits, improving working conditions, improving safety standards, establishing complaint procedures, developing rules governing status of employees (rules governing promotions, just-cause conditions for termination) and protecting and increasing the bargaining power of workers.

See Total war and Trade union

Transport

Transport (in British English) or transportation (in American English) is the intentional movement of humans, animals, and goods from one location to another.

See Total war and Transport

Trinity (nuclear test)

Trinity was the code name of the first detonation of a nuclear weapon, conducted by the United States Army at 5:29 a.m. MWT (11:29:21 GMT) on July 16, 1945, as part of the Manhattan Project.

See Total war and Trinity (nuclear test)

U-boat

U-boats were naval submarines operated by Germany, particularly in the First and Second World Wars.

See Total war and U-boat

Unconditional surrender

An unconditional surrender is a surrender in which no guarantees, reassurances, or promises (i.e., conditions) are given to the surrendering party.

See Total war and Unconditional surrender

United States Air Force

The United States Air Force (USAF) is the air service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States.

See Total war and United States Air Force

Unrestricted submarine warfare

Unrestricted submarine warfare is a type of naval warfare in which submarines sink merchant ships such as freighters and tankers without warning. Total war and Unrestricted submarine warfare are military doctrines.

See Total war and Unrestricted submarine warfare

Untermensch

Untermensch (plural: Untermenschen) is a German language word literally meaning 'underman', 'sub-man', or 'subhuman', that was extensively used by Germany's Nazi Party to refer to non-Aryan people they deemed as inferior.

See Total war and Untermensch

Ural Mountains

The Ural Mountains (p), or simply the Urals, are a mountain range in Eurasia that runs north–south mostly through the Russian Federation, from the coast of the Arctic Ocean to the river Ural and northwestern Kazakhstan.

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Vietnam War

The Vietnam War was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975.

See Total war and Vietnam War

Walther Funk

Walther Funk (18 August 1890 – 31 May 1960) was a German economist and Nazi official who served as Reich Minister for Economic Affairs (1938–1945) and president of Reichsbank (1939–1945).

See Total war and Walther Funk

War

War is an armed conflict between the armed forces of states, or between governmental forces and armed groups that are organized under a certain command structure and have the capacity to sustain military operations, or between such organized groups.

See Total war and War

War crime

A war crime is a violation of the laws of war that gives rise to individual criminal responsibility for actions by combatants in action, such as intentionally killing civilians or intentionally killing prisoners of war, torture, taking hostages, unnecessarily destroying civilian property, deception by perfidy, wartime sexual violence, pillaging, and for any individual that is part of the command structure who orders any attempt to committing mass killings including genocide or ethnic cleansing, the granting of no quarter despite surrender, the conscription of children in the military and flouting the legal distinctions of proportionality and military necessity.

See Total war and War crime

War economy

A war economy or wartime economy is the set of contingencies undertaken by a modern state to mobilize its economy for war production. Total war and war economy are military economics.

See Total war and War economy

War effort

In politics and military planning, a war effort is a coordinated mobilization of society's resources—both industrial and human—towards the support of a military force. Total war and war effort are military economics.

See Total war and War effort

War of annihilation

A war of annihilation (Vernichtungskrieg) or war of extermination is a type of war in which the goal is the complete annihilation of a state, a people or an ethnic minority through genocide or through the destruction of their livelihood. Total war and war of annihilation are warfare by type and wars by type.

See Total war and War of annihilation

Wehrmacht

The Wehrmacht were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945.

See Total war and Wehrmacht

Western world

The Western world, also known as the West, primarily refers to various nations and states in the regions of Australasia, Western Europe, and Northern America; with some debate as to whether those in Eastern Europe and Latin America also constitute the West.

See Total war and Western world

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_war

Also known as Hard war, National warfare, Total Warfare, Total wars.

, East Asia, Eastern Europe, Eastern Michigan University, Economic warfare, Empire of Japan, Erich Ludendorff, European theatre of World War II, Evacuations of civilians in Britain during World War II, Field marshal, First Geneva Convention, Forced labour, Forced labour under German rule during World War II, Franco-Prussian War, Franklin D. Roosevelt, French invasion of Russia, French Revolutionary Wars, Geneva Convention on Prisoners of War, George Washington, German Historical Institutes, German Labour Front, Germany, H. H. Asquith, Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907, Hans Lammers, Hermann Göring, History of France, Home front, Home front during World War I, Home front during World War II, House of Commons of the United Kingdom, Hundred Days, Ideology, Imperial German Navy, Imperial Japanese Army, Imperial Rule Assistance Association, Industrial warfare, Iran–Iraq War, John Sullivan (general), Joseph Goebbels, Kammhuber Line, Law of war, Legitimate military target, Lend-Lease, Levée en masse, Liberal Party (UK), Liberal Party of Canada, List of states with nuclear weapons, Logistics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Loyalist (American Revolution), Maillé massacre, Manhattan Project, Martin Bormann, Metz, Military deception, Military intelligence, Military occupation, Military operation, Military personnel, Military–industrial complex, Minister of Munitions, Money, Music hall, Mutual assured destruction, National Spiritual Mobilization Movement, Nationalization, Navy, Nazi Germany, Nazism, News media, Nikita Khrushchev, No quarter, Non-combatant, Nuremberg trials, On War, Operation Barbarossa, Operation Barrel Roll, Operation Linebacker II, Operation Rolling Thunder, Operations research, Pacific War, Pacification actions in German-occupied Poland, Paris, Paris Commune, Patrick Blackett, Pearl Harbor, Peninsular War, Peter Strasser, Phoney War, Planned economy, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Princeton University, Prisoner of war, Privateer, Propaganda, Public opinion, Ralf Georg Reuth, Rationing, Red Army, Reich Chancellery, Reprisal, Resistance during World War II, Robert Ley, Roerich Pact, Romanian People's Tribunals, Royal Air Force, Russian invasion of Ukraine, Scorched earth, Second Sino-Japanese War, Shōwa era, Shell (projectile), Shell Crisis of 1915, Sherman's March to the Sea, Siege, Siege of Leningrad, Slavery, Slavery in Japan, Slum, Soviet Union, Soviet–Afghan War, Sportpalast speech, Stab-in-the-back myth, Starvation, State General Mobilization Law, Strasbourg, Strategic bombing, Strategic bombing during World War II, Sullivan Expedition, Superpower, T-34, Territory, The bomber will always get through, The Wall Street Journal, Theoretical physics, Three Alls policy, Tonnage war, Trade union, Transport, Trinity (nuclear test), U-boat, Unconditional surrender, United States Air Force, Unrestricted submarine warfare, Untermensch, Ural Mountains, Vietnam War, Walther Funk, War, War crime, War economy, War effort, War of annihilation, Wehrmacht, Western world, Wilhelm Keitel, William Lyon Mackenzie King, William Tecumseh Sherman, Winston Churchill, Women's Land Army, Workforce, World war, World War II, World War II casualties, Zeppelin, 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

Total war, the Glossary

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