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List of Bavarian consorts - Wikipedia

There have been three kinds of Bavarian consorts in history: duchesses, electresses and queens. Most consorts listed are duchesses. The first ever consort of Bavaria was Waldrada in the 6th century. The final consort was Maria Theresia of Austria-Este in 1913.

The longest serving house was the Wittelsbach dynasty, who played a major role in Bavarian history. During the medieval period under the Wittelsbach dynasty, Bavaria was split into two parts, Upper and Lower Bavaria. This meant that there may have been more than one Duchess of Bavaria at the same time, due to messy inheritance among heirs. Three of the break-away Wittelsbach families were: Landshut, Munich and Ingolstadt.

Since 555 there have been 99 Bavarian consorts: 78 duchesses, 11 queens, 10 electresses and one margravine. The number does not add up because Elizabeth of Lorraine and Caroline of Baden, held two titles. There were a few consorts that married twice, usually their brothers-in-law. It was common for the ruler of Bavaria to have more than one wife. His wives may have died childless or they divorced, because the marriage was childless. Most of the marriages were to make a treaty with the family of the consort.

Agilolfing dynasty Image Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Husband Waldrada of the Lombards Wacho, King of the Lombards
(Lethings) c. 531 c. 556 c. 572 Garibald I No names of Bavarian duchesses are mention during until 610. Geila of Friuli
[1] Gisulf II, Duke of Friuli ? ? c. 610
husband's accession c. 625/630
husband's death ? Garibald II Bavarian duchesses or dukes for a half of a century after Garibald II is not very clear until Folchiade of Salzeburg. Fara of Bavaria
[2] A King of the Lombards ? ? ? ? ? Theodo I Gleisnod de Friuli
[3] ? ? ? ? ? ? Folchiade of Salzeburg ? ? ? ? ? ? Theodo II Regintrude of Austrasia Dagobert I, King of the Franks?
(Merovingians)? c. 660–665 ? ? c. 716
husband's death c. 730–740 ? c. 716
husband's accession c. 719
husband's death Theodbert Waldrada
[4] ? ? ? c. 716
husband's accession c. 719
husband's death ? Theobald Biltrude
[4] ? ? ? c. 716
husband's accession c. 719
husband's death ? Waldrada
[5] ? ? ? c. 716
husband's accession c. 719
husband's death ? Tassilo II Imma of Alamannia ? ? ? c. 716
husband's accession c. 719
husband's death c. 750 Biltrude
[5][6] ? ? somewhere after 719 c. 725
husband's accession as Duke of All Bavaria after 725 Grimoald Hiltrud of the Franks Charles Martel, Duke and Prince of the Franks
(Carolingians) c. 715/720 c. 741 18 January 748
husband's death c. 754 Odilo Mother of his two sons (name unknown) ? ? 753
husband usurped power 753
husband lost power ? ? Grifo Liutperga of the Lombards Desiderius, King of the Lombards c. 715/720 before 770 c. 788
husband and herself deposed and enter monastery c. 793 Tassilo III Carolingian dynasty Image Name Father Born Married Became
Consort Ceased to
be Consort Died Husband Fastrada of Franconia
[7][8] Raoul III of Franconia c. 765 c. 784
as sole-Queen consort of the Franks and co-Queen consort the Lombards
c. 788 husband became ruler of Bavaria 10 October 794 Charlemagne,
Emperor and King of the Franks
Luitgard of Sundgau
[7][8] Luitfrid II, Count of Sundgau
(Etichonids) c. 776 c. 794
as sole-Queen consort of the Franks and co-Queen consort of the Lombards 4 June 800 Ermengarde of Hesbaye
[7][8][9] Ingerman, Count of Hesbaye
(Robertians) c. 778 c. 794/5 c. 813
as Holy Roman Empress and Queen consort of the Franks
c. 817
as senior Holy Roman Empress c. 817
son became king of Bavaria 3 October 818 Louis the Pious,
Emperor and King of the Franks
Emma of Altdorf
[10] Welf, Count of Altorf
(Elder Welfs) c. 808 c. 827
as Queen consort of Bavaria
August 843
as Queen consort of the East Franks 31 January 876 Louis the German,
King of the East Franks and Bavaria
Liutgard of Saxony
[10][11] Liudolf, Duke of the Eastern Saxons
(Liudolfings) c. 845 29 November 874 28 August 876
as Queen consort of Saxony
29 September 880
as Queen consort of Bavaria 20 January 882
husband's death 17 November 885 Louis the Younger,
King of Saxony and Bavaria
Richardis of Swabia
[8][9][10][12][13] Erchanger, Count of the Nordgau
(Ahalolfings) c. 840 c. 862 29 November 874
as Queen consort of Alemannia
12 February 881
as Holy Roman Empress
20 January 882
as Queen consort of the East Franks
12 December 884
as Queen consort of the West Franks 17 November 887
husband's desposition 18 September, between 894 and 896 Charles the Fat,
Emperor and King of the Franks
Ota of Neustria
[8][9][10] Berengar I of Neustria
(Conradines) c. 874 c. 888 c. 888
as Queen consort of the East Franks
22 February 896
as Holy Roman Empress and Queen consort of Italy 8 December 899
husband's death 899–903 Arnulf of Carinthia,
Emperor and King of the East Franks
Luitpolding dynasty Image Name Father Born Married Became
Consort Ceased to
be Consort Died Husband Cunigunde of Swabia Berthold I, Count Palatine of Swabia
(Ahalolfings) c. 870/880 ? ?
as Margravine of Bavaria 4 July 907
husband's death ? Luitpold Judith of Friuli Saint Eberhard, Duke of Friuli
(Unruochings) c. 888 c. 910 14 July 937
husband's death ? Arnulf Biltrude
[14] ? ? ? c. 938
husband's accession 23 November 947
husband's death ? Berthold Ottonian dynasty Image Name Father Born Married Became
Duchess Ceased to
be Duchess Died Husband Judith, Duchess of Bavaria Arnulf
(Luitpoldings) c. 925 ? 23 November 947
husband's accession 1 November 955
husband's death June soon after 985 Henry I Gisela of Burgundy
[4] Conrad I of Burgundy
(Elder Welfs) before 952 before 972 c. 976
husband's desposition 21 July 1006 Henry II Luitpolding dynasty Ottonian dynasty Image Name Father Born Married Became
Duchess Ceased to
be Duchess Died Husband Gisela of Burgundy
[5] Conrad I of Burgundy
(Elder Welfs) before 952 before 972 c. 985
husband's restoration 28 August 995
husband's death 21 July 1006 Henry II Saint Cunigunde of Luxembourg
[8][9][15] Siegfried, Count of Luxembourg
(Elder Luxembourg) c. 975 c. 1000 c. 1004
Bavaria given to Henry V 3 March 1040 Henry IV Luxembourg dynasty Salian dynasty Image Name Father Born Married Became
Duchess Ceased to
be Duchess Died Husband Gunhilda Knutsdotter of Denmark
[15] Knut the Great
(Denmark) c. 975 May 1035/1036 18 July 1038 Henry VI Luxembourg dynasty Ezzonian dynasty Image Name Father Born Married Became
Duchess Ceased to
be Duchess Died Husband Judith of Schweinfurt Otto III, Duke of Swabia ? ? c. 1053
Bavaria given to Henry V c. 1104 Conrad I Salian dynasty Northeim dynasty Image Name Father Born Married Became
Duchess Ceased to
be Duchess Died Husband Richenza of Swabia
[16] Otto II, Duke of Swabia
(Ezzonids) c. 1020/1025 c. 1050 c. 1061
Bavaria granted to husband c. 1070
Bavaria taken from husband c. 1083 Otto of Nordheim Welf dynasty Image Name Father Born Married Became
Duchess Ceased to
be Duchess Died Husband Ethelinde of Northeim Otto of Nordheim
(Northeim) c. 1160 c. 1062 c. 1070 ? Welf I Judith of Flanders
[4] Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders
(Flanders) c. 1030 c. 1071 May 1077
Bavaria deprived from husband 5 March 1095 Salian dynasty Image Name Father Born Married Became
Duchess Ceased to
be Duchess Died Husband Bertha of Savoy, the Holy Roman Empress Bertha of Savoy
[8][9][15] Otto, Count of Savoy
(Savoy) 21 September 1051 13 July 1066 1077
Bavaria taken back from Welf I 27 December 1087 Henry VIII Eupraxia Vsevolovna of Kiev
[8][9] Vsevolod I, Grand Prince of Kiev
(Rurikids) c. 1071 14 August 1089 c. 1096
Bavaria given to Welf I 20 July 1109 Welf dynasty Image Name Father Born Married Became
Duchess Ceased to
be Duchess Died Husband Matilda of Canossa
[17] Boniface III, Margrave of Tuscany
(Canossa) c. 1046 c. 1089 6 November 1101
husband's accession 24 July 1115 Welf II Wulfhilde of Saxony Magnus, Duke of Saxony
(Billung) c. 1075 c. 1095/1100 c. 1120
husband's accession early 1126
husband abdicated as duke and retired to Weingarten Abbey 29 December 1126 Henry IX Gertrude of Süpplingenburg
[18][19][20] Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor
(Süpplingenburg) 18 April 1115 29 May 1127 20 October 1139
husband's death 18 April 1143 Henry X Babenberg dynasty Image Name Father Born Married Became
Consort Ceased to
be Consort Died Husband Maria of Bohemia
[21] Soběslav I, Duke of Bohemia
(Přemyslids) c. 1024/25 28 September 1138 c. 1139
Bavaria granted to husband 18 October 1141
husband's death c. 1160 Leopold I Gertrude of Süpplingenburg
[21] Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor
(Süpplingenburg) 18 April 1115 1 May 1142 18 April 1143 Henry XI Theodora Komnene
[21][22] Sebastokrator Andronikos Komnenos
(Komnenos) – 1148 17 September 1156
Privilegium Minus 2 January 1184 Welf dynasty Image Name Father Born Married Became
Duchess Ceased to
be Duchess Died Husband Clementia of Zähringen
[18][20] Conrad, Duke of Zähringen
(Zähringen) - 1148/49 17 September 1156
Privilegium Minus 1162
divorce 1148/49 Henry XII Matilda of England
[18][20] Henry II of England
(Plantagenet) June 1156 1 February 1168 1180
husband lost the duchy 28 June 1189 Wittelsbach dynasty Image Name Father Born Married Became
Consort Ceased to
be Consort Died Husband Agnes of Loon Louis I, Count of Loon
(Loon) c. 1150 c. 1157/1169 16 September 1180
Bavaria given to husband 11 July 1183
husband's death 26 March 1191 Otto I Wittelsbach Ludmilla of Bohemia
[23] Frederick, Duke of Bohemia
(Přemyslids) 1170 October 1204 15 September 1231
husband's death 14 August 1240 Louis I Agnes of the Palatinate
[23] Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine
(Welf) c. 1201 May 1222 15 September 1231
husband's accession 29 November 1253
husband's death 16 November 1267 Otto II Wittelsbach Bavaria partitioned into Upper and Lower Bavaria. Elizabeth of Hungary Béla IV of Hungary
(Árpád) c. 1236 c. 1250 29 November 1253
husband's accession 24 October 1271 Henry XIII
(Lower Bavaria) Maria of Brabant
[23] Henry II, Duke of Brabant
(Leuven) 1226 2 August 1254 18 January 1256 Louis II
(Upper Bavaria) Anna of Glogau
[23] Konrad I, Duke of Silesia-Glogau
(Piast) 1250/52 24 August 1260 25 June 1271 Matilda of Habsburg
[23] Rudolph I of Germany
(Habsburg) 1252 24 October 1273 2 February 1294
husband's death 23 December 1304 Isabelle of Lorraine Frederick III, Duke of Lorraine
(Metz) ? c. 1287 3 February 1290
husband's accession 9 October 1296
husband's death c. 1335 Louis III
(Lower Bavaria) Jutta of Schweidnitz Bolko I, Duke of Jawor and Świdnica
(Piast) c. 1285/87 c. 1297/99 10 December 1310
husband's death 15 September 1320 Stephen I
(Lower Bavaria) Agnes of Glogau Henry III, Duke of Silesia-Glogau
(Piast) c. 1293/96 18 May 1309 9 November 1312
husband's death 25 December 1361 Otto III
(Lower Bavaria) Mechtild of Nassau
[23] Adolf, King of the Romans
(Nassau) before 1280 1 September 1294 c. 1317
husband's desposition 19 June 1323 Rudolf I
(Upper Bavaria) Beatrix of Świdnica
[15][23][24] Bolko I, Duke of Jawor and Świdnica
(Piast) 1290/2 14 October 1308/11
as Duchess consort of Upper Bavaria
25 August 1322 Louis IV
(United Bavaria) Margaret of Holland
[8][9][15][23] William I, Count of Hainaut
(Avesnes) 1311 26 February 1324
as Duchess consort of Upper Bavaria
20 December 1340
as Duchess consort of Lower Bavaria
January 1341
as Duchess consort of All Bavaria 11 October 1347
husband's death 23 June 1356 Richardis of Jülich Gerhard V of Jülich
(Jülich) c. 1314 c. 1330 14 December 1334
husband's death c. 1360 Otto IV
(Lower Bavaria) Margaret of Bohemia John I of Bohemia
(Luxembourg) 8 July 1313 2 August 1328 1 September 1339
husband's death 11 July 1341 Henry XIV
(Lower Bavaria) Anna of Austria Frederick I, Duke of Austria
(Habsburg) c. 1318 c. 1326–1328 18 June 1333
husband's death 14/15 December 1343 Henry XV
(Upper Bavaria) Bavaria reunited in 1341 under Louis IV. It passed to his six sons in this state, in 1347, until it was repartitioned into Upper and Lower Bavaria with each brother co-ruling with each other, in 1349. Margarete Maultasch
[24] Henry of Bohemia
(Meinhardiner) c. 1318 10 February 1342 11 October 1347
as Duchess consort of Bavaria
c. 1349
as Duchess consort of Upper Bavaria 18 September 1361
husband's death 3 October 1369 Louis V
(Bavaria and 2nd Partition) Elisabeth of Sicily Frederick III of Sicily
(Barcelona) c. 1310 27 June 1328 11 October 1347
as Duchess consort of Bavaria
c. 1349
as Duchess consort of Lower Bavaria c. 1349 Stephen II
(Bavaria and 2nd Partition) Margarete of Nuremberg John II, Burgrave of Nuremberg
(Hohenzollern) c. 1315 14 February 1359
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Landshut
13 January 1363
as Duchess consort of Upper Bavaria 13 May 1375
husband's death 19 September 1377 Cunigunde of Poland
[24][25] Casimir III of Poland
(Piast) c. 1334 1 January 1352 11 October 1347
as Duchess consort of Upper Bavaria 26 April 1357 Louis VI
(Bavaria and 2nd Partition) Ingeborg of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
[25] Albert II, Duke of Mecklenburg
(Mecklenburg-Schwerin) c. 1340 15 February 1360
as Duchess consort of Upper Bavaria 17 May 1365
husband's death 25 July 1395 Maud of Lancaster
[26][27][28] Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster
(Plantagenet) 4 April 1339 c. 1352
as Duchess consort of Lower Bavaria
c. 1353
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Straubing 10 April 1362 William I
(Bavaria and 2nd Partition) Margaret of Legnica-Brzeg
[26][27][28] Ludwik I, Duke of Legnica-Brzeg
(Piast) c. 1342/1343 after 19 July 1353
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Straubing February 1386 Albert I
(Bavaria and 2nd Partition) Margaret of Cleves
[26][27][28] Adolph I, Count of Cleves
(De la Marck) c. 1375 c. 1394
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Straubing 13 December 1404
husband's death 14 May 1411 Katharine of Bohemia Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
(Luxembourg) 19 August 1342 19 March 1366
as Duchess consort of Upper Bavaria
13 May 1375
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Straubing 15 November 1379
husband's death 26 April 1395 Otto V
(Bavaria and 2nd Partition) Margaret of Austria
[29] Albert II, Duke of Austria
(Habsburg) c. 1346 4 September 1359 18 September 1361
as Duchess consort of Upper Bavaria 13 January 1363
husband's death 14 January 1366 Meinhard
(Upper Bavaria) Katharina of Görz Meinhard VI, Count of Görz
(Görz) c. 1346 c. 1372 13 May 1375
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Landshut c. 1391 John II
(Bavaria-Munich) Anna of Neuffen Berthold VII of Neuffen
(Neuffen) ? 16 May 1360 13 May 1375
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Landshut c. 1381 Frederick
(Bavaria-Landshut) Maddalena Visconti Bernabò Visconti, Lord of Milan
(Visconti) c. 1366 2 September 1381
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Landshut 4 December 1393
husband's death 17 July 1404 Taddea Visconti Bernabò Visconti, Lord of Milan
(Visconti) c. 1352 13 October 1364/12 August 1367 13 May 1375
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Landshut
c. 1392
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Ingolstadt 28 September 1381 Stephen III
(Bavaria-Ingolstadt) Elisabeth of Cleves Adolph I, Count of Cleves
(De la Marck) c. 1378 16 January 1401
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Ingolstadt 26 September 1413
husband's death c. 1424 Margaret of Austria Albert IV, Duke of Austria
(Habsburg) 26 June 1395 25 November 1412
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Landshut
1 May 1447
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Ingolstadt 24 December 1447 Henry XVI
(Bavaria-Landshut) Margaret of Cleves Adolph I, Duke of Cleves
(De la Marck) 23 February 1416 11 May 1433
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Munich and Bavaria-Straubing 12 September 1435
husband's death 20 May 1444 William III
(Bavaria-Munich) Elisabetta Visconti Bernabò Visconti, Lord of Milan
(Visconti) c. 1374 26 January 1395 c. 1397
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Munich
c. 1429
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Straubing 2 February 1432 Ernest
(Bavaria-Munich) Margaret of Burgundy
[26][27][28] Philip II, Duke of Burgundy
(Valois-Burgundy) October 1374 12 April 1385 13 December 1404
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Straubing 31 May 1417
husband's death 8 March 1441 William II
(Bavaria-Straubing) Catherine of Alençon Peter II, Count of Alençon
(Valois-Alençon) c. 1396 1 October 1413
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Ingolstadt c. 1443
husband's imprisonment
1 May 1447
husband's death 25 June 1462 Louis VII
(Bavaria-Ingolstadt) Elisabeth of Görlitz
[26][27][28] John of Görlitz
(Luxembourg) November 1390 10 March 1418
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Straubing 6 January 1425
husband's death 2 August 1451 John III
(Bavaria-Straubing) Anna of Brunswick-Grubenhagen-Einbeck Eric I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen
(Brunswick-Grubenhagen) c. 1414/20 22 January 1437 2 July 1438
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Munich 29 February 1460
husband's death c. 1474 Albert III
(Bavaria-Munich) Margaret of Brandenburg Frederick I, Elector of Brandenburg
(Hohenzollern) c. 1410 20 July 1441 c. 1443
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Ingolstadt 7 April 1445
husband's death 27 July 1465 Louis VIII
(Bavaria-Ingolstadt) Amalia of Saxony Frederick II, Elector of Saxony
(Wettin) 4 April 1436 21 March 1452
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Landshut 18 January 1479
husband's death 19 October 1501 Louis IX
(Bavaria-Landshut) Jadwiga Jagiellonca Casimir IV Jagiellon
(Jagiellon) 21 September 1457 14 November 1475 18 January 1479
as Duchess consort of Bavaria-Landshut 18 February 1502 George
(Bavaria-Landshut) Image Name Father Born Married Became
Duchess Ceased to
be Duchess Died Husband

Note: All Frankish queens in the Ducal Bavaria section were also Queens consorts of Bavaria not Duchess consorts of Bavaria.