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Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner - Wikipedia

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Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner
Alberta electoral district

Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner in relation to other Alberta federal electoral districts as of the 2013 Representation Order.

Federal electoral district
LegislatureHouse of Commons
MP
 
 		 
Glen Motz
Conservative
District created1907
First contested1908
Last contested2021
District webpageprofile, map
Demographics
Population (2011)[1]102,847
Electors (2019)78,384
Area (km²)[1]29,982
Pop. density (per km²)3.4
Census subdivision(s)Blood 148, Bow Island, Cardston, Cardston County, Coutts, Cypress County, Foremost, Forty Mile County No. 8, Improvement District No. 4, Magrath, Medicine Hat, Milk River, Raymond, Redcliff, Stirling, Warner, Warner No. 5

Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner (formerly Medicine Hat) is a federal electoral district in southern Alberta, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1908.

Following the 2012 federal electoral redistribution, the riding was renamed Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner.[2]

In 2016, 34.9% of the population of the Medicine Hat constituency were of German ethnic origin, one of the highest percentages in all of Canada.[3]

In the 42nd Canadian Parliament, the seat was represented by Jim Hillyer of the Conservative Party of Canada until his death on 23 March 2016. In the first by-election in the history of the Medicine Hat constituency held on 24 October 2016, Glen Motz of the Conservatives was elected. Motz has been the riding's representative to Ottawa since then.

The constituency covers the City of Medicine Hat and surrounding areas in the southeast corner and southern U.S. border region of Alberta, including Cypress County, the County of Forty Mile No. 8, Warner No. 5 and the Town of Warner, and Cardston County and the Town of Cardston.

Panethnic groups in Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner (2011−2021)
Panethnic group 2021[4] 2016[5] 2011[6]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
European[a] 86,105 84.2% 86,505 85.8% 85,035 87.46%
Indigenous 9,420 9.21% 9,220 9.14% 8,670 8.92%
Southeast Asian[b] 1,905 1.86% 1,130 1.12% 600 0.62%
South Asian 1,375 1.34% 710 0.7% 470 0.48%
East Asian[c] 1,170 1.14% 935 0.93% 865 0.89%
African 1,050 1.03% 985 0.98% 780 0.8%
Latin American 610 0.6% 740 0.73% 490 0.5%
Middle Eastern[d] 340 0.33% 255 0.25% 135 0.14%
Other/multiracial[e] 310 0.3% 330 0.33% 175 0.18%
Total responses 102,265 94.35% 100,825 94.32% 97,225 94.53%
Total population 108,391 100% 106,896 100% 102,847 100%
Notes: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses.
Demographics based on 2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution riding boundaries.
According to the 2011 Canadian census[7][8]

Languages: 86.4% English, 7.4% German, 1.2% French, ~1.1% Blackfoot (Blackfoot/Kainai counted as "Other language" on the Census; this number derived from "other language" speakers on Blackfoot/Kainai First Nations)
Religions: 72.0% Christian (21.4% Catholic, 9.6% United Church, 6.1% Lutheran, 3.6% Anglican, 2.2% Pentecostal, 1.5% Baptist, 27.6% Other Christian), 1.2% Traditional Indigenous Spirituality, 25.6% None.
Median income: $29,534 (2010) Average income: $39,940 (2010)

Soon after the province of Alberta was admitted to Confederation in 1905, this electoral district was created – in 1907 – from Alberta (Provisional District) and Assiniboia West ridings.

During the 2012 electoral redistribution, "Medicine Hat" was largely succeeded by "Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner", losing territory to Bow River and Battle River—Crowfoot, and gaining territory from Lethbridge and Macleod.[9]

Members of Parliament

[edit]

Parliament Years Member Party
Medicine Hat
Riding created from Alberta provisional district and Assiniboia West
11th  1908–1911     Charles Alexander Magrath Conservative
12th  1911–1917     William Ashbury Buchanan Liberal
13th  1917–1921     Arthur Sifton Government (Unionist)
14th  1921–1925     Robert Gardiner Progressive
15th  1925–1926     Frederick William Gershaw Liberal
16th  1926–1930
17th  1930–1935
18th  1935–1940     Archibald Hugh Mitchell Social Credit
19th  1940–1945     Frederick William Gershaw Liberal
20th  1945–1949     William Duncan Wylie Social Credit
21st  1949–1953
22nd  1953–1957
23rd  1957–1958 Bud Olson
24th  1958–1962     Edwin Brunsden Progressive Conservative
25th  1962–1963     Bud Olson Social Credit
26th  1963–1965
27th  1965–1967
 1967–1968     Liberal
28th  1968–1972
29th  1972–1974     Bert Hargrave Progressive Conservative
30th  1974–1979
31st  1979–1980
32nd  1980–1984
33rd  1984–1988 Bob Porter
34th  1988–1993
35th  1993–1997     Monte Solberg Reform
36th  1997–2000
 2000–2000     Alliance
37th  2000–2003
 2003–2004     Conservative
38th  2004–2006
39th  2006–2008
40th  2008–2011 LaVar Payne
41st  2011–2015
Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner
42nd  2015–2016     Jim Hillyer Conservative
 2016–2019 Glen Motz
43rd  2019–2021
44th  2021–present

Graph of election results in Medicine Hat, Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner (Since 1907, minor parties that never got 2% of the vote or didn't run consistently are omitted)

Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner, 2013–present

[edit]

Graph of election results in Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner (Since 2013, minor parties that never got 2% of the vote or didn't run consistently are omitted)

2021 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Expenditures
Conservative Glen Motz 31,648 65.4 -13.8 $40,692.38
New Democratic Jocelyn Stenger 6,816 14.1 +5.4 $0.00
People's Brodie Heidinger 4,484 9.3 +6.8 $4,416.09
Liberal Hannah Wilson 3,515 7.3 +0.7 $4,098.06
Maverick Geoff Shoesmith 1,226 2.5 N/A $15,720.70
Green Diandra Bruised Head 725 1.5 -0.8 $0.00
Total valid votes/Expense limit 48,414 99.4 – $124,312.24
Total rejected ballots 274 0.6
Turnout 48,688 61.4
Eligible voters 79,218
Conservative hold Swing -9.6
Source: Elections Canada[10]
2021 federal election redistributed results[11]
Party Vote %
  Conservative 31,629 65.80
  New Democratic 6,678 13.89
  People's 4,478 9.32
  Liberal 3,397 7.07
  Green 663 1.38
  Others 1,226 2.55
2019 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Expenditures
Conservative Glen Motz 42,045 79.2 +10.4 $23,502.89
New Democratic Elizabeth Thomson 4,639 8.7 +7.67 $0.00
Liberal Harris Kirshenbaum 3,528 6.6 –19.02 $11,654.42
People's Andrew Nelson 1,350 2.5 – $1,717.79
Green Shannon Hawthorne 1,203 2.3 – $0.00
Independent Dave Phillips 337 0.6 – none listed
Total valid votes/expense limit 53,102 100.0
Total rejected ballots 254 –
Turnout 53,356 68.1
Eligible voters 78,384
Conservative hold Swing +0.91
Source: Elections Canada[12][13]
Canadian federal by-election, October 24, 2016
Death of Jim Hillyer
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Glen Motz 23,932 69.85 +1.05
Liberal Stan Sakamoto 8,778 25.62 +7.68
Christian Heritage Rod Taylor 702 2.05
New Democratic Beverly Ann Waege 353 1.03 −8.64
Libertarian Sheldon Johnston 284 0.83
Rhinoceros Kayne Cooper 211 0.62
Total valid votes/expense limit 34,260 100.00 –  
Total rejected ballots -
Turnout 44.54
Eligible voters 76,911
Conservative hold Swing −3.32
Sources: Elections Canada[14]
2015 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Expenditures
Conservative Jim Hillyer 34,849 68.80 +0.10 $54,953.54
Liberal Glen Allan 9,085 17.94 +6.78 $15,408.61
New Democratic Erin Weir 4,897 9.67 -5.27 $9,291.81
Green Brent Smith 1,319 2.60 -1.84 $741.29
Independent John Clayton Turner 500 0.99 $4,050.57
Total valid votes/Expense limit 50,650 100.00   $237,057.33
Total rejected ballots 118 0.23 –
Turnout 50,768 66.11 –
Eligible voters 76,789
Conservative hold Swing -3.34
Source: Elections Canada[15][16]
2011 federal election redistributed results[17]
Party Vote %
  Conservative 25,659 68.70
  New Democratic 5,578 14.94
  Liberal 4,165 11.15
  Green 1,658 4.44
  Others 287 0.77

Medicine Hat, 1907–2013

[edit]

Graph of election results in Medicine Hat (1907-2013, minor parties that never got 2% of the vote or didn't run consistently are omitted)

2011 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Expenditures
Conservative LaVar Payne 30,719 71.55 +0.68 $48,282
New Democratic Dennis Perrier 5,616 13.08 +2.07 $8,700
Liberal Norm Boucher 4,416 10.29 +3.35 $24,876
Green Graham Murray 1,868 4.35 -1.80 $3,179
Christian Heritage Frans Vandestroet 317 0.74 -0.22 –
Total valid votes/Expense limit 42,936 100.00   –
Total rejected ballots 119 0.28 +0.02
Turnout 43,055 52.13 +5.93
Eligible voters 82,599 – –
Conservative hold Swing -0.70
2008 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Expenditures
Conservative LaVar Payne 26,950 70.87 -8.84 $68,148
New Democratic Wally Regehr 4,187 11.01 +2.97 $3,110
Liberal Beverley Botter 2,639 6.94 -1.41 $9,755
Green Kevin Dodd 2,338 6.15 +2.25 $183
Independent Dean Shock 971 2.55 – –
No affiliation David S. Patrick 580 1.53 – –
Christian Heritage Frans Vandestroet 363 0.95 – –
Total valid votes/Expense limit 38,028 100.00   $99,562
Total rejected ballots 97 0.25 +0.04
Turnout 38,125 46.20 -10.12
Eligible voters 82,528 – –
Conservative hold Swing -5.90
2006 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Expenditures
Conservative Monte Solberg 35,670 79.71 +3.56 $42,183
Liberal Beverley Botter 3,737 8.35 -2.56 $10,367
New Democratic Wally Regehr 3,598 8.04 -1.13 $839
Green Kevin Dodd 1,746 3.90 +0.13 $26
Total valid votes/Expense limit 44,751 100.00   $91,765
Total rejected ballots 96 0.21 -0.03
Turnout 44,847 56.32 +2.43
Eligible voters 79,634 – –
Conservative hold Swing +3.06
2004 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Expenditures
Conservative Monte Solberg 30,241 76.15 -8.36 $33,906
Liberal Bill Cocks 4,331 10.91 +0.57 $12,440
New Democratic Betty Stroh 3,643 9.17 +4.03 $11,008
Green Kevin Dodd 1,498 3.77 – $716
Total valid votes 39,713 100.00   –
Total rejected ballots 98 0.25
Turnout 39,811 53.88 -4.00
Eligible voters 73,884 – –
Conservative notional hold Swing -4.47

Note: Change based on redistributed results. Conservative vote is compared to the total of Progressive Conservative and Canadian Alliance vote in 2000.

2000 federal election redistributed results[18]
Party Vote %
  Canadian Alliance 30,749 74.39
  Liberal 4,273 10.34
  Progressive Conservative 4,186 10.13
  New Democratic 2,128 5.15
  Independent 1 0.00
2000 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Expenditures
Alliance Monte Solberg 31,134 74.28 +8.83 $37,263
Liberal Trevor Butts 4,392 10.48 -7.00 $3,972
Progressive Conservative Gordon Musgrove 4,236 10.11 -2.03 $2,521
New Democratic Luke Lacasse 2,153 5.14 +0.19 $5,220
Total valid votes 41,915 100.00   –
Total rejected ballots 111 0.26 +0.04
Turnout 42,026 58.71 +5.15
Alliance hold Swing +7.92

Note: Canadian Alliance vote is compared to the Reform vote in 1997.

1997 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Expenditures
Reform Monte Solberg 22,761 65.45 +10.65 $32,848
Liberal Glenn Ennis 6,079 17.48 -3.45 $28,313
Progressive Conservative Gordon Musgrove 4,219 12.13 -4.66 $7,651
New Democratic Jim Driscoll 1,719 4.94 +0.52 $4,923
Total valid votes 34,778 100.00   –
Total rejected ballots 76 0.22 –
Turnout 34,854 53.56 –
Reform hold Swing +7.05

Note: Change based on redistributed results.

1993 federal election redistributed results[19]
Party Vote %
  Reform 22,014 54.79
  Liberal 8,409 20.93
  Progressive Conservative 6,746 16.79
  New Democratic 1,776 4.42
  Others 1,232 3.07
1993 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform Monte Solberg 22,439 54.71 +43.96
Liberal Glenn Ennis 8,555 20.86 +8.80
Progressive Conservative Bill Wyse 6,934 16.91 -42.02
New Democratic Allan Hunt 1,832 4.47 -10.67
Christian Heritage Ivor Ottrey 989 2.41 -0.71
Canada Party Jack Hopkins 262 0.64 –
Total valid votes 41,011 100.00
Reform gain from Progressive Conservative Swing +42.99
1988 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Progressive Conservative Robert Harold Porter 25,114 58.92 -16.83
New Democratic Jim Ridley 6,453 15.14 +4.77
Liberal Peter Hansen 5,141 12.06 +3.09
Reform Larry Samcoe 4,582 10.75 –
Christian Heritage Hans Visser 1,331 3.12 –
Total valid votes 42,621 100.00
1984 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Progressive Conservative Robert Harold Porter 33,978 75.75 +5.44
New Democratic Wally Regehr 4,652 10.37 +1.00
Liberal Peter Hansen 4,025 8.97 -8.56
Confederation of Regions Peter McArthur 1,427 3.18 –
Social Credit Jack Hopkins 772 1.72 -1.05
Total valid votes 44,854 100.00
1980 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Progressive Conservative Bert Hargrave 25,908 70.32 -1.94
Liberal Ted Anhorn 6,462 17.54 +0.96
New Democratic Agnes Wiley 3,453 9.37 +1.74
Social Credit Jack Hopkins M. 1,022 2.77 -0.76
Total valid votes 36,845 100.00
1979 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Progressive Conservative Bert Hargrave 28,893 72.25 +17.39
Liberal Jim Wilfley 6,630 16.58 -16.19
New Democratic Lorne L. Burk 3,053 7.63 +0.70
Social Credit Jack Hopkins 1,412 3.53 -1.90
Total valid votes 39,988 100.00
1974 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Progressive Conservative Bert Hargrave 15,525 54.86 +1.16
Liberal H.A. Bud Olson 9,273 32.77 -0.83
New Democratic L. Hemmingway 1,961 6.93 -0.34
Social Credit Edwin Ens 1,538 5.44 +0.01
Total valid votes 28,297 100.00
1972 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Progressive Conservative Bert Hargrave 15,027 53.70 +17.69
Liberal Horace Olson 9,403 33.60 -3.25
New Democratic Lewis E. Toole 2,033 7.27 -2.55
Social Credit D. Willard Paxman 1,519 5.43 -11.89
Total valid votes 27,982 100.00
1968 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Horace Olson 9,015 36.85 +21.64
Progressive Conservative C.J. Chuck Meagher 8,809 36.01 +8.41
Social Credit W.H. Walt Strom 4,237 17.32 -34.23
New Democratic Lewis E. Toole 2,401 9.82 +4.18
Total valid votes 24,462 100.00
1965 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Social Credit Horace Olson 12,997 51.55 +10.39
Progressive Conservative C.J. Chuck Meagher 6,958 27.60 -12.64
Liberal James C. Miller 3,835 15.21 +1.34
New Democratic Lewis Edward Toole 1,420 5.63 +0.91
Total valid votes 25,210 100.00
1963 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Social Credit Horace Olson 11,080 41.17 -0.23
Progressive Conservative Edwin William Brunsden 10,829 40.24 +3.18
Liberal David R. Broadfoot 3,734 13.87 -1.74
New Democratic John Head 1,271 4.72 -1.21
Total valid votes 26,914 100.00
1962 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Social Credit Horace Olson 10,453 41.40 -4.89
Progressive Conservative Edwin William Brunsden 9,355 37.05 -1.86
Liberal Dave Broadfoot 3,942 15.61 +4.68
New Democratic George McFall 1,499 5.94 +2.08
Total valid votes 25,249 100.00
1958 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Progressive Conservative Edwin William Brunsden 10,886 46.29 +36.07
Social Credit Horace Olson 9,151 38.91 -7.95
Liberal B. Walter 2,572 10.94 -24.93
Co-operative Commonwealth J.D. Rogers 907 3.86 -1.54
Total valid votes 23,516 100.00
1957 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Social Credit Horace Olson 10,960 46.86 -1.14
Liberal Harry Veiner 8,390 35.87 -10.14
Progressive Conservative Edwin William Brunsden 2,391 10.22 +4.23
Co-operative Commonwealth Earl Walter Smith 1,262 5.40 –
Independent SC William Raymond Klinck 386 1.65 –
Total valid votes 23,389 100.00
1953 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Social Credit William Duncan Wylie 9,305 48.00 -6.51
Liberal Harry Veiner 8,919 46.01 +13.21
Progressive Conservative John Robertson 1,161 5.99 -6.69
Total valid votes 19,385 100.00
1949 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Social Credit William Duncan Wylie 10,086 54.52 +13.17
Liberal Harry Veiner 6,069 32.80 +4.45
Progressive Conservative Thomas Spencer Hughes 2,346 12.68 -3.53
Total valid votes 18,501 100.00
1945 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Social Credit William Duncan Wylie 6,752 41.34 +4.43
Liberal Robert Clark Black 4,631 28.36 -34.73
Progressive Conservative Philip Rogers 2,647 16.21
Co-operative Commonwealth Earl Walter Smith 2,301 14.09 –
Total valid votes 16,331 100.00
1940 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Frederick William Gershaw 9,439 63.08 +30.43
New Democracy Archibald Hugh Mitchell 5,524 36.92 -15.21
Total valid votes 14,963 100.00
1935 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Social Credit Archibald Hugh Mitchell 6,752 52.13
Liberal Frederick William Gershaw 4,229 32.65 -33.38
Conservative Gilbert McNeill Blackstock 1,971 15.22 -18.75
Total valid votes 12,952 100.00
1930 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Frederick William Gershaw 6,043 66.03 +16.62
Conservative Gilbert McNeill Blackstock 3,109 33.97 +7.82
Total valid votes 9,152 100.00
1926 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Frederick William Gershaw 4,206 49.41 -0.29
Conservative Gilbert McNeill Blackstock 2,226 26.15 -1.03
United Farmers of Alberta Carl Henning Axelson 2,081 24.44 +1.32
Total valid votes 8,513 100.00
1925 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Frederick William Gershaw 4,383 49.70 +30.60
Conservative George McNeill Blackstock 2,397 27.18 +19.15
Progressive Hugh Campbell McDaniel 2,039 23.12 -49.75
Total valid votes 8,819 100.00
1921 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Progressive Robert Gardiner 10,295 72.87 -6.71
Liberal Frederick William Gershaw 2,698 19.10
Conservative William McIntosh 1,135 8.03 -12.38
Total valid votes 14,128 100.00
Canadian federal by-election, 27 June 1921
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
On Mr. Sifton's death, 21 January 1921
Progressive Robert Gardiner 13,133 79.58
Conservative Nelson Spencer 3,369 20.42 -66.57
Total valid votes 16,502 100.00
1917 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes %
Government (Unionist) Arthur Lewis Sifton 6,869 63.04
Opposition (Laurier Liberals) Clifford Bernardo Reilly 3,568 32.74
Nonpartisan League George Paton 460 4.22
Total valid votes 10,897
1911 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal William Ashbury Buchanan 6,330 56.49 +9.70
Conservative Charles Alexander Magrath 4,875 43.51 -9.70
Total valid votes 11,205 100.00
1908 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes %
Conservative Charles Alexander Magrath 2,922 53.20
Liberal William Simmons 2,570 46.80
Total valid votes 5,492 100.00
  1. ^ Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.
  2. ^ Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.
  3. ^ Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.
  4. ^ Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.
  5. ^ Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, n.i.e." and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.
  1. ^ a b Statistics Canada: 2011
  2. ^ "C-37 (41-2) – Third Reading – Riding Name Change Act, 2014 – Parliament of Canada". Parl.gc.ca. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  3. ^ "Medicine Hat--Cardston--Warner [Federal electoral district], Alberta and Medicine Hat--Cardston--Warner [Federal electoral district], Alberta, Ethnic origin". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 16 January 2021.
  4. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (26 October 2022). "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  5. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (27 October 2021). "Census Profile, 2016 Census". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  6. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (27 November 2015). "NHS Profile". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  7. ^ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (8 May 2013). "2011 National Household Survey Profile – Federal electoral district (2013 Representation Order)". 12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 12 August 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  8. ^ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (8 May 2013). "2011 National Household Survey Profile – Federal electoral district (2013 Representation Order)". 12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 12 August 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ Mikkelsen, Erik (24 October 2018). "A look into the history of the Medicine Hat-Cardston-Warner constituency". Global News. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
  10. ^ "List of confirmed candidates – September 20, 2021 Federal Election". Elections Canada. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
  11. ^ "Transposition of Votes from the 44th General Election to the 2023 Representation Orders". Elections Canada. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  12. ^ "List of confirmed candidates". Elections Canada. Retrieved 4 October 2019.
  13. ^ "Election Night Results". Elections Canada. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
  14. ^ "List of candidates Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner (Alberta)".
  15. ^ "October 19, 2015 Election Results — Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner (Validated results)". Elections Canada. 22 October 2015. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
  16. ^ Elections Canada – Preliminary Election Expenses Limits for Candidates Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  17. ^ Funke, Alice. "Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner, AB (2013 Rep. Order)". Punditsguide.ca. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  18. ^ Funke, Alice. "Medicine Hat, AB (2003 Rep. Order)". Punditsguide.ca. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  19. ^ Funke, Alice. "Medicine Hat, AB (1996 Rep. Order)". Punditsguide.ca. Retrieved 12 August 2017.


49°42′N 110°50′W / 49.70°N 110.83°W