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Second Aulikara dynasty - Wikipedia

  • ️Wed Jun 29 2022

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Second Aulikara dynasty
Parent familyHouse of Aulikara
CountryKingdom of Daśapura
Founded350
FounderDrapavardhana
Final rulerYashodharman
SeatDaśapura
TitlesAdhiraja
Rajadhiraja
Disputed:
Maharajadhiraja of Avanti
Dissolution545

The Second Aulikara dynasty (Late Brahmi script: Au-li-ka-rā) was a royal dynasty that ruled over the Kingdom of Daśapura, and at its peak under Yashodharman Vishnuvardhana controlled a vast area, consisting of almost all of Northern India (excluding the east) and parts of Deccan plateau.[1][2] It was the second royal house of the Aulikara clan.[3]

The dynasty belonged to the ancient clan of the Aulikaras, and was the second royal house belonging to this clan.[3]

The second Aulikara dynasty initially controlled the Malwa plateau, but at its peak under Yashodharman Vishnuvardhana controlled a vast area (the Aulikara Empire), consisting of almost all of Northern India and northern parts of the Deccan plateau.[3]

Aulikara rulers such as Adityavardhana and Dravyavardhana expanded their kingdom[6] and one of their successors Yashodharman conquered vast territories from the Hunas and Guptas after the Battle of Sondani, defeating the Huna Chief Mihirakula around 528 A.D.,[7][8][9][10] thus establishing the short-lived Aulikara empire.[11][5][12] Yashodharman's capitol was almost certainly Dashapura,[13][14][15][16] probably established by Yashodharman[17] though initially thought to have been Ujjayinī, which has since been disproven.[15] Kingdoms such as the Later Guptas and Maukhari dynasty were their vassals.[18]

Most of the empire disintegrated after Yashodharman's death.[19] Nothing is known about the dynasty after his death, and Malwa was conquered by the Kalachuris of Mahishmati.[20][18]

After the collapse of Aulikara power in Northern India, the Later Guptas and Maukharis began fighting for imperial supremacy.[18]

Map

The following Aulikara rulers are known from epigraphic evidence:[a]

  • Senapati Drapa-vardhana; alternatively read as Druma-vardhana, and identified by some with king Dravya-vardhana mentioned by Varahamihira (see above)
  • Jaya-vardhana
  • Ajita-vardhana or Jita-vardhana [b]
  • Vibhishana-vardhana
  • Rajya-vardhana
  • Prakasha-dharman (fl. 515-516 CE)[c]
  • Yashodharman alias Vishnuvardhana[d]
  • Possibly Maharajadhiraja Dravya-vardhana (see above)
  1. ^ The predecessors of Prakasha-dharman are known from his 515-516 CE Rīsthal inscription.[21] The connection between Prakasha-dharman and Yashodharman is evident from the fact that Vasula, son of Kakka, composed the text of Prakasha-dharman's Risthal inscription as well as that of Yashodharman's undated Mandsor inscription. The stanzas of the inscriptions mentioning this fact are identical. Yashodharman ruled a few years after Prakasha-dharman, as attested by his 532 CE Mandsor inscription, and was probably his successor.[22]
  2. ^ K.V. Ramesh and S.P. Tiwari read the name as Ajita-vardhana. V.V. Mirashi reads it as Jita-vardhana. A.M. Shastri considers Ajita-vardhana as more likely to be correct.[23]
  3. ^ The Risthal inscription also calls Prakasha-dharman Bhagvat-prakasha, which V.V. Mirashi incorrectly believed to be the first ruler of the dynasty.[23]
  4. ^ The alternative name "Vishnu-vardhana" is absent in Yashodharman's own inscriptions. It is known only from an inscription of the family of his Rajasthaniya.[23]
  1. ^ Ashvini Agarwal (1989), Rise and Fall of the Imperial Guptas, Motilal Banarsidass, p. 250-6, ISBN 81-208-0592-5
  2. ^ Salomon, Richard (1989). "New Inscriptional Evidence For The History Of The Aulikaras of Mandasor". Indo-Iranian Journal. 32 (1): 12. doi:10.1163/000000089790082971. ISSN 0019-7246. JSTOR 24654606.
  3. ^ a b c Jain, Kailash Chand (1972). Malwa Through the Ages. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 250–9. ISBN 978-81-208-0824-9.
  4. ^ Salomon, Richard (1989). "New Inscriptional Evidence For The History Of The Aulikaras of Mandasor". Indo-Iranian Journal. 32 (1): 11. doi:10.1163/000000089790082971. ISSN 0019-7246. JSTOR 24654606.
  5. ^ a b Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Vol 3 p.145
  6. ^ Jain, Kailash Chand (31 December 1972). Malwa Through The Ages. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. ISBN 978-81-208-0824-9.
  7. ^ Singh, Pradeep. "YASHODHARMAN ~ यशोधर्मा,King of Malwa kept Malichha(Non Hindus), on defensive for 600 years". Retrieved 2022-06-29.
  8. ^ "Studies in Ancient Indian History" (PDF). sahitya.marathi.gov.
  9. ^ Fleet, John Faithfull (1960). Inscriptions Of The Early Gupta Kings And Their Successors.
  10. ^ Fleet, John Faithful (1981). Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Vol.3 (inscriptions Of The Early Gupta Kings).
  11. ^ Tribal Culture, Faith, History And Literature, Narayan Singh Rao, Mittal Publications, 2006 p.18
  12. ^ Foreign Influence on Ancient India by Krishna Chandra Sagar p.216
  13. ^ Dwivedi, Gautam N. (1966). "The Date and Identity of Yasodharman-Visnuvardhana". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 28: 45–50. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44140389.
  14. ^ Atherton, Cynthia Packert (1997). The Sculpture of Early Medieval Rajasthan. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-10789-2.
  15. ^ a b Balogh, Dániel (2019-10-28). Inscriptions of the Aulikaras and Their Associates. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. ISBN 978-3-11-064978-9.
  16. ^ Bakker, Hans T. (2020-03-31). The Alkhan: A Hunnic People in South Asia. Barkhuis. ISBN 978-94-93194-06-9.
  17. ^ Atherton, Cynthia Packert (1997). The Sculpture of Early Medieval Rajasthan. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-10789-2.
  18. ^ a b c Shastri, Ajay Mitra (1991). Varāhamihira and His Times. Kusumanjali Book World.
  19. ^ Sagar, Krishna Chandra (1992). Foreign Influence on Ancient India. Northern Book Centre. ISBN 978-81-7211-028-4.
  20. ^ Early History of Rajasthan. Bharatiya Vidya Prakashan. 1978.
  21. ^ A.M. Shastri 1991, p. 47.
  22. ^ A.M. Shastri 1991, p. 48.
  23. ^ a b c A.M. Shastri 1991, p. 56.