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Tenants: 2 male figures, mirrored, dexter and sinister flanked, each blonde, girded with foliage, and holding a club (grounded), representing strength and protection.
Mermaid (siren) [fr; de; it; uk], blonde-haired in a tub atop the coronet – dolphin-like tails, left arm holding a mirror, right arm raised or combing her hair.
The House of La Rochefoucauld is one of France's ancient noble families, with origins dating back to the 10th century. The family's lineage begins with Foucauld I of La Roche [fr] (973–1047), the first Lord of La Roche, later known as La Rochefoucauld (Roche + Foucauld), and possibly the son of Adémar of La Roche [fr] (also known as Amaury or Esmerin; circa 952 – before 1037), Lord of La Roche. Over the centuries, the family rose in prominence, earning numerous titles and distinctions.
The Marsillac lordship in the County of Angoulême passed to the La Rochefoucauld family (Barry of ten argent and azure three chevrons gules, the one in chief écimé) in the 15th c. François II de La Rochefoucauld (1494–1533), who was made Count of La Rochefoucauld in 1528, was the first to call himself prince de Marsillac. After the title La Rochefoucauld was raised to a duchy-peerage in 1622, Marsillac became the courtesy title of the eldest son of the duc de La Rochefoucauld. (EdlF).
A letter patent from the king raised the barony to a county by the gathering of the barony of Marthon, and the castellanies of Blanzac, Montignac and Verteuil. The act was renewed in 1528 by Parliament, where the King Francis I rewarded "the very good and commendable services that our late very dear and beloved cousin and godfather, ordinary chamberlain councillor, formerly rendered to our predecessors to the crown of France and to us before, from his accession until his death...".
During the 17th and 18th centuries, the family continued to ascend socially and politically. They were titled as Princes of Marcillac [fr] in the 16th century, while François VII, a close friend of Louis XIV, married Jeanne du Plessis-Liancourt (1644–1669). Their son, François VIII (1663–1728), became the Duke of La Roche-Guyon in 1679 and married Marie Madeleine Charlotte Le Tellier (1664–1735) (Wikidata – QID108942002), the daughter of François Michel Le Tellier (1641–1691) of Louvois, prime minister to Louis XIV.
The family's ancestral seat, the La Rochefoucauld Castle [fr; es; nl; pt], has been in their possession since the 10th century. Additionally, the La Rochefoucauld-Montbel family owned the Lascaux Cave at the time of their discovery and maintain ties to the Pellevoisin sanctuary, a site of Marian apparitions (reported supernatural appearances of the Virgin Mary) in France.
Authors have advanced, albeit with piecemeal evidence, that the first member of this family was Adémar, known as Amaury or Esmerin, by Viscounty of Limoges, or the son of the lord Hugh I of Lusignan. This latter hypothesis could be reinforced by the armorial bearings of the family. The late historian, André Debord [fr] (1926–1996), attributes the origins of the House of La Rochefoucauld to the House of Montbron in the 12th century, contrasting with theories that link their ancestry to Adémar (Amaury/Esmerin) or the Lusignan family.[1][2] The seigniory (lordship) of La Roche was originally a barony in the 13th century. The descendants of Foucauld I of La Roche [fr] (c. 978–1046) and his wife, Jarsande of Châtellérault (c. 994–1026), united their name Foucauld (La Roche + Foucauld).[3]
Lords then Barons of La Rochefoucauld (10th–15th centuries)
Foucauld I de La Roche (978–1047) (son of preceding), Lord of La Rochefoucauld; married to Jarsande and had four children.
Guy I de La Roche (son of preceding), Lord of La Rochefoucauld, founded in 1060 the priory of Saint-Florent de La Rochefoucauld.
Guy II de La Roche (d. 1081) (son of preceding), Lord of La Rochefoucauld; married Eve and had three children.
Guy III de La Roche (d. 1120) (son of preceding), Lord of La Rochefoucauld.
Aymar de La Roche (d. 1140) (son of preceding), Lord of La Rochefoucauld and of Verteuil, led several wars against Wulgrin II, Count of Angoulême; married to Mathilde de Chabanais and had a daughter, Emma de La Rochefoucauld, who married Robert de Marthon, Lord of Marthon.
Robert de Marthon, Lord of Marthon; married Emma de La Rochefoucauld (1140–1160) (daughter and heiress of Aymar de La Roche, Lord of La Rochefoucauld).
Guy IV de La Rochefoucauld (son of preceding), took his mother's name and became Lord of La Rochefoucauld, Verteuil, Marthon, Blanzac. He took part in the wars against William, Count of Angoulême; married the daughter of Aimery, Viscount of Rochechouart, and had two children.
Foucauld II de La Rochefoucauld (son of preceding), Lord of La Rochefoucauld, Verteuil, Blanzac, Marthon, he served in the army of the King Philip II Augustus and was made prisoner in 1198 at the Battle of Gisors. He was father of four children.
Guy V de La Rochefoucauld (son of preceding), founded the Cordeliers Convent d'Angoulême in 1230.
Aimery I de La Rochefoucauld (brother of preceding and son of Foucauld II), Lord of La Rochefoucauld in 1219, and of Verteuil, Count of la Marche (d. after 1250); married Létice de Parthenay and had five children.
Guy VI de La Rochefoucauld (son of preceding), Lord of La Rochefoucauld, of Verteuil, of Marthon, of Saint Claud, of Saint Laurent, of Blanzac and of Cellefrouin (d. 1295), rallied to the cause of Hugues VII of Lusignan, Count of La Marche, against King Louis IX, retired to Grosbos Abbey; married Agnès de Rochechouart and had nine children.
Aimery II de La Rochefoucauld (son of preceding), Baron of La Rochefoucauld, Lord of Verteuil, of Marthon, of Saint Claud, of Saint Laurent, of Blanzac, of Monteil and of Cellefrouin (c. 1265–1295); married Dauphine de La Tour-d'Auvergne in 1280, and had five children.
Aimery III de La Rochefoucauld (d. 1362) (son of preceding), Baron of La Rochefoucauld (d. 1362), who served King Philippe VI in 1338; married Rogette de Grailly.
Guy VIII de La Rochefoucauld (son of preceding), Baron of La Rochefoucauld, governor of l'Angoumois, Councillor and Grand Chamberlain of France of Kings Charles V, Charles VI and of Philip II of Burgundy, he acquired the lands of Marcillac and Montignac; married (1) Jeanne de Luxembourg, and (2) Marguerite de Craon and had eight children.
Jean I de La Rochefoucauld (d. 1471) (son of preceding), Baron of La Rochefoucauld, Marthon, Blanzac, Bayers, Montignac, Marcillac, Councillor and Grand Chamberlain of France for Kings Louis XI and Charles VIII, and governor of Bayonne; married his cousin Marguerite de La Rochefoucauld, Lady of Barbezieux and Montendre.[3]
Counts of La Rochefoucauld (and Princes of Marcillac) (16th century)
In April 1528, King Francis I gave his godfather, François I de La Rochefoucauld (son of Jean I de La Rochefoucauld), the title of Count of La Rochefoucauld (French: Comte de La Rochefoucauld).[3]
François I de La Rochefoucauld (1450–1516) (son of preceding), Count of La Rochefoucauld, Chambellan of Kings Charles VIII and Louis XII; married Louise de Crussol.[3]
François II de La Rochefoucauld (1494–1533) (son of preceding), Count of La Rochefoucauld, Prince of Marcillac, Baron of Verteuil; married Anne de Polignac in 1518.[3]
The Duchesse de la Rochefoucauld (née Mattie Elizabeth Mitchell).
On 22 April 1622, King Louis XIII raised the Count of La Rochefoucauld into a Duchy-peerage as the Duke of La Rochefoucauld (French: Duc de La Rochefoucauld).[3]
François V of La Rochefoucauld ('Frans of La Rochefoucauld; 1588–1650) (son of preceding), 1st Duke of La Rochefoucauld, in 1611 he married Gabrielle of Plessis-Liancourt (1595–1672), sister of Roger of Plessis-Liancourt [fr; de] (1598–1674), Duke of Liancourt.[3]
In 1628, he married Andrée of Vivonne (1605–1670).[3]
Alexandre I of La Rochefoucauld (néAlexandre Louis de La Rochefoucauld; 1690–1762) (son of François VIII), 5th Duke of La Rochefoucauld; married, in 1715, Elisabeth Marie Louise Nicole van Bermond of Caylar (1691–1752) of Toiras in Amboise.[b][3]
This branch was founded by Charles de La Rochefoucauld (1560–1605) Lord of Roye, Count of Roucy, younger son of François III of La Rochefoucauld (1521–1572), Count of La Rochefoucauld, and Charlotte of Roye (1537–1572) (Wikidata – QID60321119), Countess of Roucy.[2]
Dukes of Enville (1732), then Duke of La Rochefoucauld (1762)
Jean-Baptiste Louis Frédéric of La Rochefoucauld of Roye (1707–1746), Marquis of Roucy, created Duke of Enville[c] upon his 1732 marriage to his cousin, Marie Louise Nicole Elisabeth of La Rochefoucauld (1716–1797), eldest daughter of Alexandre, the last Duke of La Rochfoucauld. As Alexandre had no surviving male heir, by letters patent of Louis XV, the title Duke of La Rochefoucauld was transmitted to the male issue of Marie Louise Nicole Elisabeth on the condition that she married a member of the La Rochefoucauld family.[2]
Louis-Alexandre of La Rochefoucauld (son of preceding) (1743–1792), 6th Duke of La Rochefoucauld upon the death of his maternal grandfather in 1762 and 2nd Duke of Enville upon the death of his father in 1746. He was known as Duke of La Rochefoucauld-Enville. Member of the Académie des sciences, member of the Assembly of notables in 1787, deputy of the nobility at the French States-General of 1789. He was assassinated during the September massacres in Gisors; married (1) Pauline de Gand de Mérode in 1762, (2) Alexandrine Charlotte de Rohan-Chabot in 1780. As he died without heir, the title passed to his first cousin.[2]
Dukes of Estissac (1737), Dukes of Liancourt (1765), then Dukes of La Rochefoucauld (1792)
François XII of La Rochefoucauld (Frans Alexander Frederik; 1747–1827) (son of preceding), 7th Duke of La Rochefoucauld, created 1st Duke of Liancourt in 1765 and inherited the Duke of La Rochefoucauld title from his cousin in 1792;[d] married Félicité-Sophie of Lannion in 1764.[3]
François XIII of La Rochefoucauld (né François Armand Fréderic of La Rochefoucauld; 1765–1848) (son of preceding), 8th Duke of La Rochefoucauld, Duke of Estissac, then Duke of Liancourt (in 1828, he was authorized to substitute the title of Duke of Liancourt for that of Duke of Estissac and gave his brother Alexandre, the title of Duke of Estissac, who thus founded the Estissac branch);[e]
Alexandre-François served as the French Ambassador to Vienna (in Austria) (1805) and later to The Hague (fr) (in the Kingdom of Holland) (1808–1810), where he negotiated the union of the Kingdom of Holland with France. During the "Hundred Days", Napoleon appointed him as a peer of France, a prestigious title that granted him a seat in the Chamber of Peers, a legislative body composed of individuals chosen by the ruler (Napoleon) for their loyalty, influence, or status. He subsequently devoted himself to philanthropic work. In 1822, he became a deputy to the Chamber of Deputies and aligned himself with the constitutional royalists. He was again raised to the peerage in 1831.
François XIV of La Rochefoucauld (né François Marie Auguste Armand of La Rochefoucauld; 1794–1874) (son of preceding), 9th Duke of La Rochefoucauld; married to Zénaide Chapt de Rastignac 1817.[f][3]
François XV of La Rochefoucauld (né François Augustin Ernest Marie; 1818–1879) (son of preceding), 10th Duke of La Rochefoucauld; married to Radegonde-Euphrasie Bouvery in 1852.[3]
Alfred Gabriel Marie François of La Rochefoucauld (né Alfred Gabriel Marie François; 1854–1926) (
QID109011978) (brother of preceding), 12th Duke of La Rochefoucauld, the ducal title was transferred to him; married in 1884 to Pauline Louise Marie Anne Albenais Fortunee Piscalory of Vaufreland (1864–1934) in 1884.
François XVIII of La Rochefoucauld [ca] (né Francois Marie Edmond Hubert of La Rochefoucauld; 1920–2011) (son of preceding), 14th Duke of La Rochefoucauld, 9th Duke of Liancourt, Duke of Enville; married (1) to Jeannine Renée Petit in 1946 (divorced in 1948), (2) to Sonia Marie Matossian in 1950 (divorced in 1961), and (3) to Jeanne-Marie de Villiers du Terrage in 1967.
François XIX of La Rochefoucauld (b. 1958) (son of preceding), 15th Duke of La Rochefoucauld, 10th Duke of Liancourt, Duke of Enville, Prince of Marcillac; married to Michèle Suzanne Etter in 1984.
François XX of La Rochefoucauld (b. 1986) (son of preceding), 11th Duke of Liancourt, Prince of Marcillac, heir to the ducal title.[8][better source needed]
This branch comes from the younger branch of the Counts of Roye.
Louis François Armand de la Rochefoucauld Count of Roye was created Duke with a patent (non-hereditary) in 1737 and called Duke of Estissac. His grandson, Alexandre François de la Rochefoucauld (1761–1841), Count of the Empire, Ambassador for the Emperor, and brother of the Duke of La Rochefoucauld (of the Restoration) received the Duchy of Estissac from his elder brother in May 1839. His son, Alexandre Jules de La Rochefoucauld (1796–1856), was authorized by royal decree of 2 July 1840 to take the title of Duke of Estissac, however, this order was not followed by letters patent.
Roger Paul Alexandre Louis de La Rochefoucauld (1826–1889) (son of preceding), Duke of Estissac; married to Juliette de Ségur in 1858.
Alexandre Jules Paul Philippe François de La Rochefoucauld (1854–1930) (son of preceding), Duke of Estissac; married to Jeanne de Rochechouart-Mortemart in 1883.
Louis François Alexandre de La Rochefoucauld (1885–1950) (son of preceding), Duke of Estissac; married to Nathalie de Clermont-Tonnerre in 1911.
Alexandre Louis Marie François de La Rochefoucauld (1917–2008) (son of preceding), Duke of Estissac, President of the Jockey Club; married to Antoinette de Moustier in 1943.
Pierre-Louis de La Rochefoucauld (b. 1947) (son of preceding), Duke of Estissac; married to Sabine de La Rochefoucauld in 1980.
Bernard de La Rochefoucauld (1922–2017), co-founder of the La Boétie Institute [fr], former honorary president of the Institut Montaigne and former mayor of Ingrannes comes from this branch.
Branch La Rochefoucauld-Montbel, counts de La Rochefoucauld and princes (Bavaria 1909)
QID109011995) Count of La Rochefoucauld, Mayor of Pellevoisin, received in Bavaria on the 22nd July 1909 from Ludwig III of Bavaria the title of Fürst (Prince).[9]·[10] He was authorized the 22 March 1922 to add his mother's name to his name. Thus the branch of La Rochefoucauld-Montbel (cadets of the dukes of Estissac). He married in 1881 Jeanne Louise Marie Nathalie Lebeuf of Montgermont.
Note: Aimery count de La Rochefoucauld (1843–1928), received also the Bavarian Prince title on the same date. His only son Gabriel II (né Gabriel Marie François Hippolyte Ferri Eugène of La Rochefoucauld; 1875–1942) (
QID20653642) founded in 1952 of the association Old French Houses [fr]. Anne was a godmother of Dominique of La Rochefoucauld-Montbel. Anne's second husband (married in 1948), John Julius of Amodio (aka Jules François Joseph Juan Philippe Maurice Fernando of Amodio; 1909–2003), was Marquise of Amodio.
Emmanuel Arthur Adrien Joseph Marie of La Rochefoucauld of Montbel (1883–1974), Count of La Rochefoucauld, Prince in Bavaria, Ambassador, Commander of the Legion of Honour, Bailiff Grand Cross of Honor and Devotion of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, married in 1913 Simone of Darblay [fr]. They owned the Lascaux caves.
Charles-Emmanuel III (Charles-Emmanuel Jules Aymé Marie of La Rochefoucauld of Montbel; 1914–2000), Count of La Rochefoucauld, Prince in Bavaria; married (i) in 1943, Flora d'Huart Saint-Mauris (1925–1995) (
François VIII de La Rochefoucauld (1663–1728) was created Duke of La Roche-Guyon by letters of November 1679. The 1st Duchy-peerage of La Rochefoucauld and, the title of Duke of La Roche-Guyon, died out in 1762 with Alexandre, 5th Duke of La Rochefoucauld and 2nd Duke of La Roche-Guyon, who had only two daughters who married their cousins from the branch of the Counts of Roye and Roucy.
Dukes of La Roche-Guyon (courtesy title) (19th–21st centuries)
Alfred de La Rochefoucauld (1819–1883), a cadet branch from the cadet branch of Roye, took over motu proprio in the 19th century, without letters of confirmation, the title of Duke of La Roche-Guyon, which had extinguished in 1762. This courtesy title of "Duke of La Roche-Guyon" has been borne by his descendants ever since.
Gilbert Camille Alfred Alexandre of La Rochefoucauld (1889–1964) (son of preceding), known as Duke of La Roche-Guyon, married (i) Princess Hélène Marie of La Trémoïlle (1899–1972) (
Alfred Henri Gaston of La Rochefoucauld (1928–2013) (son of preceding), known as Duke of La Roche-Guyon, in 1952, married Lydie Alix Marie-Thérèse Jacobé of Haut of Sigy (born 1932), paternal granddaughter of Pierre Jacobé of Haut of Sigy [fr] (1876–1960).
Guy-Antoine de La Rochefoucauld (b. 1958) (son of preceding), known as Duke of La Roche-Guyon, married Yolaine Françoise Marie Leclerc de Hauteclocque (born 1961), paternal granddaughter of Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque (1902–1947).
These branches were formed by Louis de La Rochefoucauld, Lord of Montendre, Montguyon, Roissac and des Salles, who was a younger son of François I de La Rochefoucauld (1450–1541), comte de La Rochefoucauld (d. 1541), by his second marriage to Barbe du Bois (a French name meaning "Barbara of the Woods"). He married Jacquette de Mortemer in 1534. His son was François de La Rochefoucauld (d. 1600), Lord of Montguyon, Baron of Montendre, who married Hélène de Goulard (only daughter and heiress of Egmond Goulard, Lord of Marsay). His son, Isaac de La Rochefoucauld (d. c. 1626), Lord of Montguyon, Baron of Montendre, married Hélène de Fonsèque (daughter of Charles de Fonsèque, Lord of Surgères) in 1600. Among others, they were the parents of Charles, progenitor of the Montendre branch and François, progenitor of the Surgères branch.
François de La Rochefoucauld (c. 1620–c. 1680), 1st Marquis of Surgères; married to Anne de Philippier
Charles-François de La Rochefoucauld (c. 1643–c. 1714), 2nd Marquis of Surgères; married to Anne de La Rochefoucauld (daughter of Benjamin de La Rochefoucauld, Baron of Estissac) in 1662.
François de La Rochefoucauld (1664–1731), 3rd Marquis of Surgères; married to Angélique Lee (widow of François Lucas de Démuin) in 1704.
Alexandre-Nicolas de La Rochefoucauld (1709–1760), 4th Marquis of Surgères, Lieutenant General of the King's Armies; married to Jeanne-Thérèse Fleuriau de Morville (daughter of Charles-Jean-Baptiste Fleuriau de Morville) in 1728.
Jean-François de La Rochefoucauld (1735–1789), 5th Marquis of Surgères, governor of Chartres; married to Anne Chauvelin de Grosbois, daughter of Germain Louis Chauvelin, Marquis of Grosbois) in 1752.
Dukes of Doudeauville (1782–1995), of Bisaccia (1851–1995), and of Estrées (1892–1907)
The title Duke of Doudeauville (Duc de Doudeauville) was created for Ambroise-Polycarpe, 6th Marquis of Surgères (premier Baron of the Boulonnais), in 1780 by King Louis XVI in the Peerage of France. It was also created in 1782 by Charles III in the Kingdom of Spain (through his wife as heir to the title of Duke of Doudeauville of the Le Tellier de Courtanvaux family), granting him the Rank of Grandee of Spain, 1st Class. The title was recognized by the peerage ordinance of 4 June 1814; a Hereditary peer of France on 19 August 1815, Hereditary Duke-Peer on 31 August 1817 by King Louis XVIII during his 2nd reign.[20] The title became extinct in 1995 upon the death of the 7th Duke. The Duke of Bisaccia (Duca di Bisaccia) title was created for Sosthènes II on 16 May 1851 by King Ferdinand II in the peerage of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (second creation; through his grandmother's family, the Montmorency-Lavals). Inscription among the Bavarian nobility as Princes under the title Duke of Bisaccia (Herzog von Bisaccia), on 24 November 1855 by King Maximilian II.[20] It also became extinct in 1995. The designation of the title of Duke of Doudeauville was changed to Duke of Estrées in Spain in 1893 by King Alfonso XIII when it was transferred to Sosthènes II's second son, Charles, but became extinct upon the Duke's death, without male issue, in 1907.[20]
Marie-Carmen de La Rochefoucauld (1902–1999); married to Count of Mailly-Nesles in 1928.
Stanislas de La Rochefoucauld (1903–1965), Count; married to (1) Sophie Alice Cocea in 1926, and (2) to Princess Jeanne Princess of San Felice de Viggiano in 1947.
Élisabeth de La Rochefoucauld (1909–2006); married (1) to Elliot Robert Le Gras du Luart de Montsaulnin in 1929, and (2) to Mario Fausto Maria Pinci in 1958.
Armand François Jules Marie of La Rochefoucauld (1870–1963)
Marquis of Bayers; Baron of La Rochefoucauld-Bayers (1817)
This branch was originated by Geoffroy de La Rochefoucauld, Lord of Verteuil (d. c. 1329) from whom descended Guillaume de La Rochefoucauld, Lord of Nouans (d. c. 1487).[20] One of his sons, Guillaume de La Rochefoucauld (d. c. 1512) founded the branch by Bayers building the Château de Bayers becoming Lord of Bayers (Seigneur de Bayers). His descendant, Louis-Antoine de La Rochefoucauld-Bayers, obtained the title, Marquis of Bayers.[22]
The male line of this branch became extinct in 1940 upon the death of Raoul-Gustave Marie de La Rochefoucauld, Marquis of Bayers (1845–1940), who died without issue from his marriage to Elisabeth de Griffon-Sénéjac. The female line ended with Victoria de La Rochefoucauld-Bayers (1880–1950), the daughter of a cousin of Raoul-Gustave, who died unmarried in 1950.[22]
These arms can be seen as those of Lusignan (barruly argent and azure) with the addition of the chevrons as a brisure. For this reason, certain authors have claimed that the House of Rochefoucauld shares a common origin with the House of Lusignan.[27]
First (top left) and fourth (bottom right): Burely of argent (silver) and azure (blue), with three chevrons gules (red), the uppermost écimé (truncated), representing the arms of the House of La Rochefoucauld.
Second (top right) and third (bottom left): Or (gold) with an escutcheon azure (blue), symbolizing an alliance with the House of Roye [fr; de].
Central escutcheon: Or (gold) with two bulls passant gules (red).
Ornaments and decorations (the shield is encircled by two collars):
The Collar of the Order of the Holy Spirit, featuring its characteristic design of golden flames, fleurs-de-lis, and red enameled medallions.
A secondary chain, possibly indicating another honor or order associated with Charles de La Rochefoucauld.
An oval medallion linked to both collars, at the bottom, depicts Saint Michael the Archangel, shown in armor with a sword and shield bearing a cross, standing over a defeated dragon.
Suspended from the medallion is the Maltese cross of the Order of the Holy Spirit, featuring a dove at its center symbolizing the descent of the Holy Spirit.[28]
Burely of ten pieces argent and azure, three chevrons gules overall, the first couped.
The red galero (ecclesiastical hat) with tassels signifies François's status as a bishop and cardinal. Beneath the shield, hanging from a celeste blue collar (of the Order of the Holy Spirit) encircling the shield, is the insignia of the Order: a Maltese cross with rounded points, a dove (see Christian symbolism § Dove) at its center facing downward to symbolize the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles (Romans 8:16; Acts 2:1–4). Between the arms of the cross is a fleur-de-lis with three petals each, collectively representing the Twelve Apostles. The eight points of the cross, known as boutonné, symbolize the eight beatitudes (Matthew 5:3–12).
Heraldic tinctures for the Coats of Arms of the La Rochefoucauld families
^His eldest son, François IX de La Rochefoucauld (1681–1699), predeceased him and was succeeded by his younger son, Alexandre.
^They had two sons, François X de La Rochefoucauld (1717–1718) and François XI de La Rochefoucauld (1720–1721), who both died young. They also had two daughters, Marie-Louise-Nicole de La Rochefoucauld (1716–1797), known as "Mademoiselle de La Rochefoucauld", and Marie-Elisabeth de La Rochefoucauld (b. 1718), known as "Mademoiselle de La Roche-Guyon", who both married their cousins from the younger branch of Roye.
^Also known as Duke of Anville (French: Duc d'Anville)
^François Alexandre Frédéric was the one who, on 12 July 1789, responded to Louis XVI who asked "It is a revolt?" [C'est une révolte ?] ... "No, Sire, it's a Revolution" [Non, Sire, c'est une révolution].[4] He was in the liberal opposition party during the Bourbon Restoration.
^Alfred de La Rochefoucauld (1819–1883), Duke of La Roche-Guyon — the second son of François XIV de La Rochefoucauld (1794–1874) and Zénaide Chapt de Rastignac (1798–1875) — was the first male born in the lineage that would become the cadet branch of the La Rochefoucauld–La Roche-Guyon family.
^Their son, François XVII Marie-Alfred de La Rochefoucauld (1905–1909), died young and was interred in the chapel of château.[7]
^In heraldry, "or" is a noun (not a conjunction) used to denote the color gold or yellow, derived from the French word for gold (see or). It is one of the two metals used in heraldic traditions, the other being argent (silver or white). Symbolically, "or" represents generosity, nobility, and prestige. See Tincture (heraldry)
Vrillac, Jean-Claude (21 July 2008). Recueil généalogique et héraldique des anciennes familles du Ruffécois [Genealogical and heraldic collection of the old families of Ruffécois] (in French). Preface by Arnaud from Roches of Chassay (born 1937) – Avril of Grégueuil. Canéjan: Copy-Média – via Gazette GE86 (généalogie entraide) → Founder: Françoise Hovaere. Managers: Jacques Arlaud and Philippe Magnan. Webmaster: Jean-Paul Boudault.
Français : En ce qui concerne les La Rochefoucauld, outre les textes indubitables qui montrent leur origine, on peut faire une remarque supplémentaire : les armes dès La Rochefoucauld ont sou vent été rapprochées de celles des Lusignan, sans doute parce que ceux-ci devinrent comtes de La Marche et d'Angoulême, rois de Chypre...,
mais on n'a jamais, semble-t-il, songé à les rapprocher de celles des Montbron
. Or, l'usage des armoiries commence à se répandre à la fin du XIᵉ ou au début du XIIᵉ siècle, c'est-a-dire au moment où le lignage des Robert se scinde en deux branches.
English: As for the La Rochefoucauld family, in addition to the undeniable texts that demonstrate their origin, one additional observation can be made: the arms of the La Rochefoucauld family have often been compared to those of the Lusignan family, likely because the latter became Counts of La Marche and Angoulême, Kings of Cyprus, etc.
However, it seems that no one has ever thought to compare them to those of the Montbron family
. Yet, the use of coats of arms began to spread at the end of the 11th or the beginning of the 12th century, that is, at the time when the lineage of Robert (Robert de Montbron; 1091–1092) split into two branches.
Huberty, Michel; Giraud, Alain; Magdelaine, François; Magdelaine, Bruno (1976–1994). L'Allemagne dynastique – Les quinze Familles qui ont fait l'Empire [Dynastic Germany – The Fifteen Families Who Made the Empire] (in French). 7 Vols. Perreux-sur-Marne: Alain Giraud (publisher). Retrieved October 4, 2024. LCCN77-466780.
"... Jules de La Rochefoucauld, reçut en 1909 le titre de prince (Fürst) en Bavière et obtint par décret du 22.3.1922 l'autorisation de joindre à son nom celui de « deMontbel ». Son fils, Emmanuel, comte de La Rochefoucauld de Montbel..."
Malte-Brun, Victor Adolphe. La France illustrée : géographie, histoire, administration, statistique (6 Vols.). Nouvelle édition, revue, corrigée et augmentée [New edition, revised, corrected, and expanded ]. Illustrations by the fine artists. Maps and plans engraved by Georges Erhard Schieble (1821–1880). Research by Eugène Boutmy (1828-). Engravings by Hubert Clerget (1818–1899). Paris: Jules Rouff [1846–1927], éditeur; cloître Saint-Honoré, 14. LCCN11-33887.
"Les armes de La Rochefoucauld sont :burellé d'argent et d'azur de dix pièces, à trois chevrons de gueules brochant sur le tout" [The arms of La Rochefoucauld are: barruly argent and azure, overall three chevrons gules, the uppermost écimé ].
Rolland, Victor; Rolland, Henri Victor. Armoiries des familles contenues dans l'armorial général de J.-B. Rietstap (6 Vols.) (in French). OCLC3743777 (all editions).
Saint-Simon, Fernand de; Seréville, Etienne de (1975) [1977]. Dictionnaire de la noblesse française [Dictionary of the French Nobility ] (2 Vols. → Supplément is the 2nd Vol.). Series: La société française au XXᵉ siècle [French Society in the 20th Century] (in French). Paris: Éditions Contrepoint. p. 35. Retrieved September 30, 2024. LCCN77-568176; BnF34584509w; OCLC3628307 (all editions), OCLC751504632 (all editions), OCLC461574494 (all editions).
![Château de Balzac [fr]](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Balzac2.9.JPG/200px-Balzac2.9.JPG)
![Château de Montignac – Pierre II d'Amboise [fr; de; nl] (c. 1357–1426), Viscount of Thouars, sold it to the La Rochefoucauld January 13, 1399.](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Montignac_castle5.JPG/200px-Montignac_castle5.JPG)
![Lugérat Lodge [fr] in Montignac](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Lugerat2.jpg/201px-Lugerat2.jpg)
![Château de Balzac [fr]](http://cozy.pub?url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Balzac2.9.JPG)
![Château de Montignac – Pierre II d'Amboise [fr; de; nl] (c. 1357–1426), Viscount of Thouars, sold it to the La Rochefoucauld January 13, 1399.](http://cozy.pub?url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Montignac_castle5.JPG)
![Lugérat Lodge [fr] in Montignac](http://cozy.pub?url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lugerat2.jpg)
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