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ár - Wiktionary, the free dictionary

  • ️Mon Jan 01 2024

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

From Old Norse ár (“year”), from Proto-Germanic *jērą, from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₁r-. Cognates include: Dutch jaar and Afrikaans jaar, English year, German Jahr, Danish år, Norwegian Bokmål år and Swedish år.

ár n (genitive singular árs, plural ár)

  1. year

From Old Norse ár, from Proto-Germanic *airō. Cognates include: Old English ār (“oar”) (English oar).

ár f (genitive singular árar, plural árar)

  1. oar

Borrowed from a (likely Iranian) descendant of Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hargʰás (compare Sanskrit अर्घ (arghá, “worth, value”)), such as Alanic *arγa-.[1] In the past assumed to have been inherited from Proto-Finno-Ugric *arwa which in turn would have been borrowed from Indo-Iranian, and thus cognate with Proto-Finnic *arvo (“worth, value”), but the Finnic word is more likely a parallel borrowing. Possibly also related to Erzya [script needed] (arśems).

ár (plural árak)

  2. price
    borsos ár ― an exorbitant price
    borsos ára van ― cost a pretty penny, cost an arm and a leg
  3. (figuratively) cost (a negative consequence or loss that occurs or is required to occur)

(Compound words with this term at the beginning):

(Compound words with this term at the end):

(Expressions):

From Proto-Ugric *ϑarɜ (“temporary lake coming into being during flood”).[2]

ár (usually uncountable, plural árak)

  2. flood
    Synonyms: árvíz, áradás
  3. high tide, flow (as opposed to the ebb)
    Synonym: dagály

(Compound words with this term at the beginning):

(Compound words with this term at the end):

From the Proto-Finno-Ugric *ora (“awl”).[3]

ár (plural árak)

  2. awl (pointed instrument for piercing small holes, as in leather or wood)

(Compound words):

From German Ar (“are”) and French are (“are”), from Latin ārea (“threshing floor”).[4]

ár (plural árak)

  2. are (accepted SI unit of area equal to 100 square metres)
  1. ^ Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “arvo”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja‎[1] (in Finnish), retrieved 2024-01-01
  2. ^ Entry #1747 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
  3. ^ Entry #676 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
  4. ^ ár in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)
  • ár in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
  • (price): ár in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • (flood/flow): ár in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • (awl): ár in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • (are [unit of area]): ár in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Inherited from Old Norse ár (“year”), from Proto-Germanic *jērą, from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₁r-. Cognates include: Dutch jaar and Afrikaans jaar, English year, German Jahr, Danish år, Norwegian Bokmål år and Swedish år.

ár n (genitive singular árs, nominative plural ár)

  1. year
  2. indefinite accusative singular of ár
  3. indefinite nominative plural of ár
  4. indefinite accusative plural of ár

From Old Norse ár, from Proto-Germanic *airō. Cognates include: Old English ār (“oar”) (English oar).[1]

ár f (genitive singular árar, nominative plural árar)

  1. oar

Inherited from Old Norse ár, from Proto-Germanic *airi. Cognates include: Gothic 𐌰𐌹𐍂 (air, “early”), Old English ār and ærlice (English early).[1]

ár

  1. (rare, except in the phrase ár og síð) early

    • 2005 May 27, Hvannadalshnjúkur mældur, RÚV:

      Þess vegna var ákveðið að beita fullkomnustu mælitæki sem völ er á til að skera úr um hversu ár Hvannadalshnjúkur er í raun.

      Therefore it was decided to use the most advanced measuring equipment available to determine how old Hvannadalshnjúkur really is.
  • árla (“early in the day”)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

ár f

  1. inflection of á (“river”):
    1. indefinite genitive singular
    2. indefinite nominative plural
    3. indefinite accusative plural
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Alf Torp, "Nynorsk Etymologisk Ordbok", Oslo 1992 (reprint), →ISBN; aarlege, aar

From Old Irish ar, from Proto-Celtic *anserom, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥serōm, from *nos (“we, us”); compare German unser.[1]

ár (triggers eclipsis)

  1. our
    ár dteach ― our house
    Ár nAthair ― Our Father

From Old Irish ár (“slaughter”), from Proto-Celtic *agros, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵro- (“hunt”); compare Ancient Greek ἄγρα (ágra, “hunt”).[4]

ár m (genitive singular áir)

  1. slaughter, carnage
  2. havoc, destruction

Borrowed from French are, from Latin area.

ár m (genitive singular áir, nominative plural áir)

  1. are (unit of area equal to 100 square metres)
Mutated forms of ár
radical eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
ár n-ár hár t-ár

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “5 ar (‘our’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 16
  3. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 86
  4. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ár (‘slaughter’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ʔaar. Cognates include Khumi Chin ae and Zou ah.

ár

  1. chicken

From Proto-Celtic *agrom (“slaughter”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵro- (“hunt”); compare Ancient Greek ἄγρᾱ (ágrā, “hunt”), Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬭𐬋𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬜𐬍 (azrōdaiδī, “hunt”).

ár n (nominative plural ár or ára)

  1. slaughter, carnage
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 34a19
  2. defeat, destruction
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 33d4
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 113b4

      etarcnae áir mo namat

      glosses de cede hostium
Neuter o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative árN árN árL, ára
vocative árN árN árL, ára
accusative árN árN árL, ára
genitive áirL ár árN
dative árL áraib, áirib áraib, áirib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Mutation of ár
radical lenition nasalization
ár
(pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments) 		unchanged n-ár

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

  • (9th century West Norse) IPA(key): /ˈɑːr/
  • (13th century Icelandic) IPA(key): /ˈɒːr/

From Proto-Norse *ᛃᚨᚱᚨ (*jara, “year; plenty”), from Proto-Germanic *jērą (“year; plenty”). Cognate with Old English ġēar (English year), Old Frisian jār, Old Saxon jār, Old Dutch jār, Old High German jār, Gothic 𐌾𐌴𐍂 (jēr).
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₁r- (“year”).

ár n (genitive árs, plural ár)

  1. a year
    • Vǫluspá, verse 6, lines 9-10, in 1860, T. Möbius, Edda Sæmundar hins fróða: mit einem Anhang zum Theil bisher ungedruckter Gedichte. Leipzig, page 2:
      […] undorn ok aptan, / árum at telja.
      […] undern and evening, / years to count.
  2. plenty, abundance (especially of crops)
    • Saga Sigurðar Jórsalafara 53, in 1832, R. Rask, Fornmanna sögur, Volume VII. Copenhagen, page 174:
      […] þvíat þá var bæði ár og friðr.
      […] since then there were both plenty and peace.
    1. (Runic alphabet) name of the rune ᛅ (a)
  • Icelandic: ár
  • Faroese: ár
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: år
  • Norwegian Bokmål: år
  • Elfdalian: år
  • Old Swedish: ār
  • Old Danish: aar

From Proto-Germanic *airi (“early”). Cognate with Old English ār, Gothic 𐌰𐌹𐍂 (air).

ár (not comparable)

  1. early, anciently
  2. in early morning, at dawn

From Proto-Germanic *airō (“oar”). Cognate with Old English ār.

ár f (genitive árar, plural árar)

  1. oar

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

ár

  1. genitive singular of of á
  2. nominative plural of of á
  3. accusative plural of á
  • Richard Cleasby, Guðbrandur Vigfússon (1874) “ár”, in An Icelandic-English Dictionary, 1st edition, Oxford: Oxford Clarendon Press, page 44
  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “ár”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 35; also available at the [https://archive.org/stream/concisedictionar001857
  1. page/35 Internet Archive]
  1. ^ Kildin Sami vocabulary. In: Haspelmath, M. & Tadmor, U. (eds.) World Loanword Database. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.