en.wiktionary.org

呻吟 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

	groan	moan; to hum
trad. (呻吟)	呻	吟
simp. ^#(呻吟)	呻	吟

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shēnyín

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄣㄧㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): san¹ jam⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sin-gîm

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shēnyín
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄣㄧㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shenyín
  - Wade–Giles: shên¹-yin²
  - Yale: shēn-yín
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shenyn
  - Palladius: шэньинь (šɛnʹinʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂən⁵⁵ in³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: san¹ jam⁴
  - Yale: sān yàhm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: san¹ jam⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: sen¹ yem⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐn⁵⁵ jɐm²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sin-gîm
  - Tâi-lô: sin-gîm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sin'giim
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /sin⁴⁴⁻²² ɡim¹³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sin³³ ɡim²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /sin⁴⁴⁻²² ɡim²⁴/

Middle Chinese: syin ngim

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥i[n] m-qʰ(r)[ə]m/

(Zhengzhang): /*hlin ŋɡrɯm/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	呻	吟
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shēn	yín
Middle Chinese	‹ syin ›	‹ ngim ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥i[n]/	/*m-qʰ(r)[ə]m/
English	chant, drone	chant, intone
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	呻	吟
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	11237	6618
Phonetic component	申	今
Rime group	眞	侵
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	申	吟
Old Chinese	/*hlin/	/*ŋɡrɯm/

呻吟

to moan; to groan
發出痛苦的呻吟／发出痛苦的呻吟 ― fāchū tòngkǔ de shēnyín ― to moan in pain
(literary) to read aloud; to chant

(to moan): (Hokkien) 哼哼呻, 哼哼叫
(to read aloud):

低吟 (dīyín)
吟唱 (yínchàng)
吟詠 / 吟咏 (yínyǒng)
吟誦 / 吟诵 (yínsòng)
哦 (é) (literary)
唱誦 / 唱诵 (chàngsòng)
嘆 / 叹 (tàn) (literary, or in compounds)
詠嘆 / 咏叹 (yǒngtàn)
誦讀 / 诵读 (sòngdú)

無病呻吟 / 无病呻吟 (wúbìngshēnyín)

Kanji in this term
呻	吟
しん Hyōgai	ぎん Grade: S
on'yomi

(Tokyo) しんぎん [shìńgíń] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɕĩŋʲɡʲĩɴ]

呻(しん)吟(ぎん) • (shingin) ^{←しんぎん (singin)^?}

moaning; groaning

呻(しん)吟(ぎん)する • (shingin suru) ^{←しんぎん (singin)^?}suru (stem 呻(しん)吟(ぎん)し (shingin shi), past 呻(しん)吟(ぎん)した (shingin shita))

to moan; to groan

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	呻吟し	しんぎんし	shingin shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	呻吟し	しんぎんし	shingin shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	呻吟する	しんぎんする	shingin suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	呻吟する	しんぎんする	shingin suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	呻吟すれ	しんぎんすれ	shingin sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	呻吟せよ¹ 呻吟しろ²	しんぎんせよ¹ しんぎんしろ²	shingin seyo¹ shingin shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	呻吟される	しんぎんされる	shingin sareru
Causative	呻吟させる呻吟さす	しんぎんさせるしんぎんさす	shingin saseru shingin sasu
Potential	呻吟できる	しんぎんできる	shingin dekiru
Volitional	呻吟しよう	しんぎんしよう	shingin shiyō
Negative	呻吟しない	しんぎんしない	shingin shinai
Negative continuative	呻吟せず	しんぎんせず	shingin sezu
Formal	呻吟します	しんぎんします	shingin shimasu
Perfective	呻吟した	しんぎんした	shingin shita
Conjunctive	呻吟して	しんぎんして	shingin shite
Hypothetical conditional	呻吟すれば	しんぎんすれば	shingin sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Hanja in this term
呻	吟

呻吟 • (sineum) (hangeul 신음)

hanja form^? of 신음 (“moan; groan”)