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咳嗽 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary

咳嗽

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

	cough; sound of sighing	cough
simp. and trad. (咳嗽)	咳	嗽
alternative forms	加嗽 Hokkien 膠嗽／胶嗽 Teochew 咁嗽 Leizhou Min

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): késou, késòu

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄜˊ ˙ㄙㄡ, ㄎㄜˊ ㄙㄡˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ke² sou⁴

(Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): kěsou
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): kat¹ sau³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): kat² lheu¹
Gan (Wiktionary): kiet⁶ seu⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): khiet-chhu̍k

(Meixian, Guangdong): kêd⁵ sêu⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): kah⁴ sou³
Northern Min (KCR): kă̤-se̿
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ka-sàu / hâi-sàu / khâm-sàu

(Teochew, Peng'im): ga¹ sao³ / hai⁶ sao³

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): ga¹ sao³
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁷kheq-seu₅ / ⁷khoq-seu₅ / ⁷kheq-soe₅ / ⁷khoq-soe₅
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ke⁶ sou⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: késou
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄜˊ ˙ㄙㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: késo̊u
  - Wade–Giles: kʻo²-sou⁵
  - Yale: ké-sou
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ker.sou
  - Palladius: кэсоу (kɛsou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɤ³⁵ soʊ̯³/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: késòu
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄜˊ ㄙㄡˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: késòu
  - Wade–Giles: kʻo²-sou⁴
  - Yale: ké-sòu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kersow
  - Palladius: кэсоу (kɛsou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɤ³⁵ soʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ke² sou⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kesou
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɛ²¹ səu²¹³/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin: kěsou
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɤ²¹ sɤu/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: kat¹ sau³
  - Yale: kāt sau
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kat⁷ sau³
  - Guangdong Romanization: ked¹ seo³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɐt̚⁵ sɐu̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: kat² lheu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰat̚⁵⁵ ɬeu³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: kiet⁶ seu⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰiɛt̚⁵ sɛu³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiet-chhu̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System: kied^ˋ cug
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kiad⁵ cug⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯et̚² t͡sʰuk̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: kêd⁵ sêu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰɛt̚¹ seu⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: kah⁴ sou³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /kʰaʔ² səu⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kă̤-se̿
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɛ²⁴ se³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka-sàu
  - Tâi-lô: ka-sàu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kasaux
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ka⁴⁴⁻³³ sau²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ka⁴⁴⁻²² sau²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ka⁴⁴⁻³³ sau¹¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hâi-sàu
  - Tâi-lô: hâi-sàu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: haisaux
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hai²³⁻³³ sau²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hai²⁴⁻¹¹ sau¹¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khâm-sàu
  - Tâi-lô: khâm-sàu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qamsaux
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰam²⁴⁻¹¹ sau¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰam²³⁻³³ sau²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ga¹ sao³ / hai⁶ sao³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ka sàu / hăi sàu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka³³⁻²³ sau²¹³/, /hai³⁵⁻¹¹ sau²¹³/
- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: ga¹ sao³
  - Sinological IPA: /ka³⁵⁻³³ sau²¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Songjiang, Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁷kheq-seu₅
  - MiniDict: kheh^入 seu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴kheq-seu₂
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰəʔ³³ sɤ⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /kʰəʔ⁴⁴ sɯ³⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /kʰəʔ⁵⁵ søy⁵²³/
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁷khoq-seu₅
  - MiniDict: khoh^入 seu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴khoq-seu₂
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰoʔ³³ sɤ⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Jiading)
  - Wugniu: ⁷kheq-soe₅
  - MiniDict: kheh^入 soe^去
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /kʰəʔ⁴⁴ sø⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Jiading)
  - Wugniu: ⁷khoq-soe₅
  - MiniDict: khoh^入 soe^去
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /kʰoʔ⁴⁴ sø⁴⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: ke⁶ sou⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɤ̞²⁴ səu̯⁴⁵/

咳嗽

(intransitive) to cough
她咳嗽的聲音很大，嚇了我一跳。 [MSC, trad.]
她咳嗽的声音很大，吓了我一跳。 [MSC, simp.]
Tā késòu de shēngyīn hěn dà, xià le wǒ yī tiào. [Pinyin]
Her huge cough startled me.
(Classical, figurative) to make a sound; to speak

(to cough):

Dialectal synonyms of 咳嗽 (“to cough”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese	嗽, 欬
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)	咳嗽
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	咳嗽
Taiwan	咳嗽
Ulanhot	咳嗽
Tongliao	咳嗽
Chifeng	咳嗽
Hulunbuir (Hailar)	咳嗽
Harbin	咳嗽
Shenyang	咳嗽
Singapore	咳嗽
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	咳嗽
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	咳嗽
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	咳嗽
Wanrong	咳嗽
Zhengzhou	咳嗽
Xi'an	咳嗽
Xining	咳嗽
Xuzhou	咳嗽
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	咳嗽
Bayanhot	咳嗽
Lanzhou	咳嗽, 咳
Ürümqi	咳嗽
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	咳嗽
Wuhan	咳, 咯
Guiyang	咳嗽
Kunming	咳嗽
Liuzhou	咳嗽
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	咳嗽
Yangzhou	咳, 咳嗽
Hefei	咳嗽
Huanggang	咳
Cantonese	Guangzhou	咳
Hong Kong	咳
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	咳嗽
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	咳嗽
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	咳
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	咳
Macau	咳
Guangzhou (Panyu)	咳
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	瘕
Guangzhou (Conghua)	咳
Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	咳
Foshan	咳
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	咳
Foshan (Shunde)	咳
Foshan (Sanshui)	咳
Zhongshan (Shiqi)	咳
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	咳
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	咳
Zhuhai (Doumen)	咳
Jiangmen (Baisha)	咳
Jiangmen (Xinhui)	咳
Taishan	嗽
Kaiping (Chikan)	嗽
Enping (Niujiang)	咳, 嗽
Heshan (Yayao)	咳
Dongguan	咳
Shaoguan	咳, 咳嗽
Yunfu	咳瘕
Yangjiang	嗽, 咳嗽
Xinyi	咳
Lianjiang	咳
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	咳
Singapore (Guangfu)	咳嗽
Gan	Nanchang	咳, 咳嗽
Hakka	Meixian	咳嗽
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	咳嗽
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	咳
Yudu	咳
Miaoli (N. Sixian)	嗽, 咳嗽
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	嗽, 咳嗽
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	嗽, 咳嗽
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	嗽, 咳嗽
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	咳, 咳嗽
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	嗽, 咳嗽
Hong Kong	咳
Senai (Huiyang)	咳
Huizhou	Jixi	咳嗽, 咳, 嗽
Jin	Taiyuan	咳嗽
Xinzhou	咳嗽
Taibus (Baochang)	咳嗽
Linhe	咳嗽
Jining	咳嗽
Hohhot	咳嗽
Baotou	咳嗽
Dongsheng	咳嗽
Haibowan	咳嗽
Northern Min	Jian'ou	咳嗽
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	嗽, 空嗽
Fuzhou (Changle)	空嗽
Fuqing	嗽
Yongtai	空嗽
Gutian	嗽
Fu'an	嗽
Ningde	嗽
Shouning	嗽
Zhouning	嗽
Fuding	嗽
Southern Min	Xiamen	咁嗽, 咳嗽, 嗽
Quanzhou	咁嗽
Zhangzhou	咁嗽, 咳嗽
Yilan	嗽, 咳嗽
Penang (Hokkien)	嗽, 咳嗽, 峇啅
Singapore (Hokkien)	咳嗽, 嗽
Manila (Hokkien)	嗽
Chaozhou	咳嗽
Johor Bahru (Teochew)	咳嗽
Singapore (Teochew)	咳嗽
Leizhou	咳嗽
Haikou	咳嗽
Singapore (Hainanese)	咳嗽
Puxian Min	Putian	瘕咆
Xianyou	瘕咆
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	咳
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	咳
Wu	Shanghai	咳嗽
Shanghai (Chongming)	咳嗽
Suzhou	咳嗽, 咳
Wuxi	咳嗽
Danyang	咳嗽
Hangzhou	嗆, 咳嗽
Hangzhou (Yuhang)	嗆, 咳嗽
Ningbo	嗆, 嗽, 咳嗽
Wenzhou	嗽, 咳嗽
Jinhua	咳嗽, 咳
Jinhua (Tangxi)	嗽
Xiang	Changsha	咳嗽, 咳
Loudi	𠻞
Shuangfeng	𠻞

Kanji in this term
咳	嗽
がい Hyōgai	そう Hyōgai
on'yomi

(Tokyo) がいそー [gàísóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɡa̠iso̞ː]

咳(がい)嗽(そう) • (gaisō) ^{←がいそう (gaisou)^?}

(medicine, formal) cough; coughing
Synonym: せき (seki)

咳(がい)嗽(そう)する • (gaisō suru) ^{←がいそう (gaisou)^?}suru (stem 咳(がい)嗽(そう)し (gaisō shi), past 咳(がい)嗽(そう)した (gaisō shita))

(medicine, formal) to cough

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	咳嗽し	がいそうし	gaisō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	咳嗽し	がいそうし	gaisō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	咳嗽する	がいそうする	gaisō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	咳嗽する	がいそうする	gaisō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	咳嗽すれ	がいそうすれ	gaisō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	咳嗽せよ¹ 咳嗽しろ²	がいそうせよ¹ がいそうしろ²	gaisō seyo¹ gaisō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	咳嗽される	がいそうされる	gaisō sareru
Causative	咳嗽させる咳嗽さす	がいそうさせるがいそうさす	gaisō saseru gaisō sasu
Potential	咳嗽できる	がいそうできる	gaisō dekiru
Volitional	咳嗽しよう	がいそうしよう	gaisō shiyō
Negative	咳嗽しない	がいそうしない	gaisō shinai
Negative continuative	咳嗽せず	がいそうせず	gaisō sezu
Formal	咳嗽します	がいそうします	gaisō shimasu
Perfective	咳嗽した	がいそうした	gaisō shita
Conjunctive	咳嗽して	がいそうして	gaisō shite
Hypothetical conditional	咳嗽すれば	がいそうすれば	gaisō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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