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孟 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also: 盂

孟 (Kangxi radical 39, 子+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 弓木月廿 (NDBT), four-corner 1710₇, composition ⿱子皿)

掹, 猛, 䁅, 艋, 蜢, 錳(锰), 鯭, 勐, 䓝

Additional Derived Characters

𱎺, 𠗠, 𠵼, 𡝹, 𢛴, 𬈂, 𰖕, 𣓶, 𪹁, 𤗖, 𤦕, 𰮳, 𱰚, 𮃑, 𥺬, 𦁧(𰬨), 𧩌, 𲂦, 𬧷, 𮠴, 𫙍, 𭩔
𮷫, 𤷪, 𱸋

Kangxi Dictionary: page 278, character 16
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6960
Dae Jaweon: page 546, character 11
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1013, character 3
Unihan data for U+5B5F

simp. and trad.	孟
alternative forms	𥁪

	Old Chinese
猛	*mraːŋʔ
艋	*mraːŋʔ
蜢	*mraːŋʔ
皿	*maŋʔ
孟	*mraːŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mraːŋs): semantic 子 (“child; son”) + phonetic 皿 (OC *maŋʔ)

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *maŋ (“big; old; elder (brother, uncle)”); cognate with Anong ʈhi³¹ mɑŋ³¹ (“old; elderly”), Drung tvmvng (“elder sibling”), Burmese မင်း (mang:, “monarch; king”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).

Likely related to 兄 (OC *hmraŋ, “older brother”) (Sagart, 1999; STEDT). Perhaps also related to 芒 (OC *maːŋ, *maŋ, “great; extensive”) and 荒 (OC *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs, “vast; excessive; senile”) (Sagart, 1999; Schuessler, 2007).

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): mèng (meng⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): mong⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): maang⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): mang⁵
Gan (Wiktionary): men⁵ / mung⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): men

(Hailu, HRS): men^˖

(Meixian, Guangdong): mên⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): meng³
Northern Min (KCR): māing
Eastern Min (BUC): mâing
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): meng⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): bēng / béng

(Teochew, Peng'im): mêng⁶
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶man
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): mong⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mèng
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mèng
  - Wade–Giles: mêng⁴
  - Yale: mèng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: menq
  - Palladius: мэн (mɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɤŋ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: mong⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: mung
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /moŋ²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: maang⁶
  - Yale: maahng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: maang⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: mang⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maːŋ²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: mang⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵐbaŋ³²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: men⁵ / mung⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɛn¹¹/, /muŋ¹¹/

Note:

men5 - vernacular;
mung5 - literary.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: men
  - Hakka Romanization System: men
  - Hagfa Pinyim: men⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /men⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: men^˖
  - Sinological IPA: /men³³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: mên⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /mɛn⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: meng³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /məŋ⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: māing
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maiŋ⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: mâing
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maiŋ²⁴²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: meng⁵
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: mēng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɛŋ²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Nan'an, Changtai, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese, Klang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bēng
  - Tâi-lô: bīng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: beng
  - IPA (Klang): /beŋ³¹/
  - IPA (Nan'an): /biɪŋ³¹/
  - IPA (Changtai): /beŋ²²/
  - IPA (Zhangpu): /bɛŋ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /biɪŋ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /biɪŋ³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /biɪŋ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Yongchun, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: béng
  - Tâi-lô: bíng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: beang
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /biɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Yongchun, Zhangzhou): /biɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Hui'an): /beŋ⁵⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: mêng⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mĕng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /meŋ³⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶man
  - MiniDict: man^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³man
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mã²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: mong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /mʊŋ⁴⁵/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /mən⁴⁵/

Dialectal data

Middle Chinese: maengH

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤraŋ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*mraːŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	孟
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mèng
Middle Chinese	‹ mæng^H ›
Old Chinese	/*mˁraŋ-s/
English	eldest, great
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	孟
Reading #	1/1
No.	9152
Phonetic component	皿
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	孟
Old Chinese	/*mraːŋs/

孟

eldest brother (also used in personal names)
first month of a season
孟秋 ― mèngqiū ― seventh month of Chinese calendar
(figuratively) first in series
(figuratively) great, eminent
to strive; to endeavor
(～族) Mon people
Short for 孟子 (Mèngzǐ, “Mencius; Mencius (book)”).
Short for 孟加拉 (Mèngjiālā, “Bangladesh”).
Alternative form of 猛 (měng, “bold; powerful”)
a surname
孟浩然 ― Mèng Hàorán ― Meng Haoran (Tang dynasty poet)

“孟”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

孟

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Used in personal names.

Go-on: みょう (myō)^{←みやう (myau, historical)}、もう (mō)^{←まう (mau, historical)}
Kan-on: ぼう (bō)^{←ばう (bau, historical)}、もう (mō)^{←まう (mau, historical)}
Kan’yō-on: まん (man)
Kun: おさ (osa, 孟)^{←をさ (wosa, 孟, historical)}、かしら (kashira, 孟)、たけ (take, 孟)
Nanori: たけし (takeshi)、つとむ (tsutomu)、はじめ (hajime)、はる (haru)

孟 (eumhun 맏 맹 (mat maeng))

hanja form^? of 맹 (“first in a series”)
hanja form^? of 맹 (“great, eminent”)

孟 (eumhun 맹랑할 망 (maengnanghal mang))

hanja form^? of 망 (“shrewd, impudent, difficult”)

孟: Hán Việt readings: mạnh^[1]^[2]^[3]
孟: Nôm readings: mạnh^[1]^[2]^[3], mảnh^[1]

chữ Nôm form of mạnh (“strong; powerful; vigorous”).

孟

Sawndip form of mwngz (“you”)