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改 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Stroke order
7 strokes

改 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 尸山人大 (SUOK), four-corner 18740, composition ⿰己攵)

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 468, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13114
  • Dae Jaweon: page 816, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1450, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+6539
Old Chinese
改 *klɯːʔ
跽 *ɡrɯʔ
己 *kɯʔ
紀 *kɯʔ
妀 *kɯʔ
記 *kɯs
杞 *kʰɯʔ
屺 *kʰɯʔ
芑 *kʰɯʔ
邔 *kʰɯʔ, *ɡɯs
玘 *kʰɯʔ
忌 *ɡɯs
鵋 *ɡɯs
誋 *ɡɯs
梞 *ɡɯs
改 (gǎi) (in the form of 攺) from a Western-Han manuscript of the Yili in the clerical script.

In the oracle bone script, a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *klɯːʔ): phonetic 巳 (OC *ljɯʔ, *lɯs) + semantic 攴.

The interpretation linked to a child beaten or threathened by a stick in hand to indicate "correct, amend" referred to educating a child is probably folk etymology.

Since the small seal script, the phonetic component has been changed to 己 (OC *kɯʔ).

simp. and trad.
 改
alternative forms 攺

Related to 革 (OC *krɯːɡ, “to change”), 更 (OC *kraːŋ, “to change”) (Wang, 1982).

Note:

  • guōi - vernacular;
  • gāi - literary.

Note:

  • gai3 - literary;
  • goe3 - vernacular.

Note:

  • Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Zhangzhou:
    • kái - literary ("to change");
    • kóe/ké - vernacular ("to correct", "to abstain").

Note:

  • gai2 - literary;
  • goi2 - vernacular.
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 改
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		gǎi
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kojX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*C.qˁəʔ/
English change (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 改
Reading # 1/1
No. 5763
Phonetic
component 		己
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		改
Old
Chinese 		/*klɯːʔ/

改

  1. to change; to transform; to alter; to modify
  2. to correct; to improve
  3. to mark; to correct; to grade (homework, an assignment, a test, etc.)
  4. (Hokkien) to give up; to quit; to abstain from (a bad habit)
  5. a surname

Dialectal synonyms of 戒 (“to give up; to quit”) [map]

simp. and trad.
 改
alternative forms 介
屆／届
次

Probably from Japanese 回(かい) (kai).

改

  1. (Taiwanese Hokkien) Classifier for times, as in frequency.

改

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. reform
  2. correct
  3. change
Kanji in this term
改
かい
Grade: 4
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 改 (MC kojX).

改(かい) • (kai) 

  1. change; modify; reform

改(かい) • (-kai) 

  1. revision
  2. revised, modified
    チヌ改(かい)
    chi-nu-kai
    Chi-Nu Kai
    装輪装甲車(そうりんそうこうしゃ)（改(かい)）
    sōrin-sōkō-sha (kai)
    Wheeled Armoured Vehicle (Improved)

改 (eumhun 고칠 개 (gochil gae))

  1. hanja form? of 개 (“reform; fix”)

改: Hán Nôm readings: cải, cãi, gởi, gửi

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.