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霧 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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(Kangxi radical 173, +11, 19 strokes, cangjie input 一月弓竹尸 (MBNHS), four-corner 10227, composition )

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1377, character 36
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42418
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4074, character 15
  • Unihan data for U+9727
trad.
simp.
alternative forms

Old Chinese
*muː, *mu
*muːʔ, *moːɡ
*ml'uː, *mljiwʔ, *ml'us
*mruː
*mruː, *muːŋ
*mruː, *mu, *mo, *moɡs
*mruː
*moːɡs, *mroːɡ
*moːɡs
*mus
*mus, *mu, *muːŋ, *muːŋs
*mus
*mus
*mu
*mu
*mu, *muːŋ
*mu
*mu, *moːɡ
*ml'us
*ml'us, *mlju
*mlju
*mju
*mju, *mjuʔ, *mjus
*mju
*mju
*mju
*mju, *mjuʔ
*mju, *mjus
*mju
*mju
*mju
*mjuʔ
*mjuʔ, *mjus
*mjuʔ, *mjus
*mjuʔ
*moʔ, *mos
*moɡs
*moɡs, *moːɡ
*moɡs
*moɡs
*moɡs, *moːŋ
*moɡs
*moɡs, *moːŋ
*moːŋ, *moːŋs
*moːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *moɡs, *moːŋ): semantic (rain) + phonetic (OC *moɡs).

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *muːŋ ~ r/s-muːk (foggy; dark; sullen; menacing; thunder) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007) or its allofam *r-məw (sky; heavens; clouds) (Schuessler, 2007). Cognate with Tibetan རྨུ་བ (rmu ba, fog), རྨུགས་པ (rmugs pa, dense fog), Burmese မြူ (mru, minute particle; haze; fog).


Note:

  • mū - verncular;
  • ū - literary.

Note:

  • u5 - vernacular;
  • u4 - literary.

    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ mjuH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*kə.m(r)[o]k-s/
    English fog, mist

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 8856
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*moɡs/
    Notes

    1. fog; mist
    2. vapour; fine spray
    3. (Hokkien) blurry
    4. (Internet slang) A particle placed at the end of a sentence to indicate that the poster is joking. (used with parentheses)

    Dialectal synonyms of (“fog”) [map]

    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese , 霧氣, 霧靄
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) , 霧氣
    Northeastern Mandarin Beijing
    Taiwan
    Harbin
    Jilu Mandarin Jinan
    Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) , 霧露
    Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang
    Wanrong
    Xi'an , 霧氣
    Xining , 霧氣
    Xuzhou
    Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan
    Lanzhou , 霧氣
    Ürümqi
    Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu , 霧罩, 霧氣
    Wuhan
    Guiyang 霧罩, 雲霧
    Guilin
    Liuzhou , 霧水
    Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing
    Yangzhou
    Hefei
    Cantonese Guangzhou
    Hong Kong
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)
    Macau
    Guangzhou (Panyu)
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
    Guangzhou (Conghua)
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) , 大頭霧
    Foshan
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
    Foshan (Shunde)
    Foshan (Sanshui)
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
    Zhongshan (Shiqi)
    Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)
    Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)
    Zhuhai (Doumen)
    Jiangmen (Baisha)
    Jiangmen (Xinhui)
    Taishan
    Kaiping (Chikan)
    Enping (Niujiang)
    Heshan (Yayao)
    Dongguan , 霧水
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 霞霧
    Yangjiang
    Danzhou 霧露
    Gan Nanchang
    Lichuan ,
    Pingxiang 霧露,
    Hakka Meixian , 濛沙, 濛霧
    Xingning 濛沙
    Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)
    Huidong (Daling) , 濛霧
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 濛霞
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 濛露
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 濛沙
    Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 沙霧
    Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)
    Changting 濛沙
    Wuping 濛沙
    Wuping (Pingyu) 濛沙
    Liancheng 濛沙
    Ninghua
    Yudu 霧露
    Ruijin 濛沙
    Shicheng
    Shangyou (Shexi) 濛露
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 濛沙煙
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 濛沙煙
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 濛煙
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 濛沙煙, 濛煙
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 濛沙煙, 濛煙
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
    Huizhou Jixi
    Jin Taiyuan
    Xinzhou
    Northern Min Jian'ou
    Eastern Min Fuzhou
    Southern Min Xiamen ,
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 雺霧
    Kaohsiung
    Yilan
    Changhua (Lukang)
    Taichung ,
    Tainan
    Hsinchu
    Kinmen
    Penghu (Magong)
    Manila (Hokkien)
    Chaozhou
    Leizhou
    Wenchang
    Haikou
    Central Min Nanping (Wangtai, Yanping)
    Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)
    Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 罩子
    Wu Shanghai , 霧露, 迷霧
    Shanghai (Chongming) 迷露
    Suzhou 迷露
    Danyang
    Hangzhou 霧露
    Ningbo 霧露
    Wenzhou , 幔露
    Jinhua
    Jinhua (Tangxi) 霧露
    Xiang Changsha , 罩子,
    Loudi , 罩子 thick
    Shuangfeng , 霧罩, 霧罩子
    trad.
    simp.
    alternative forms 𣲘
    𫝞

    1. (Hokkien, Teochew) to spray; to spit (a liquid, often after keeping the liquid in one's mouth)
      Synonyms: ,  / ,  / , 𫝺,
      [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
      [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
      kâm hoeh thiⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
      to slander people with false accusations
    2. (Hokkien) to gush upwards; to overflow from a container
      Synonyms: , , , sōe-teⁿ
      滾水鼎蓋掀開滾水出來 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
      滚水鼎盖掀开滚水出来 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
      Hiâⁿ kún-chúi ê sî, tiáⁿ-kòa nā bô hian--khui, kún-chúi tiō ē --chhut-lâi. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
      When boiling water, if the lid is not lift, the water will overflow.
    • (first definition): For the subtle difference between the synonyms, please refer to the usage notes of .
    • (second definition):  / usually means overflowing due to boiling; usually means overflowing due to shaking; sōe-teⁿ means dribbling at a spout when it is nearly stopped up; is used in a general sense.
    trad.
    simp.

    1. (Northern Min) Alternative form of (fog; mist)

    For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“gloomy; dim; overcast; fog; etc.”).
    (This character is a variant form of ).

    (Jōyō kanji)

    The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, continuative or stem form) of 霧る (kiru, to become foggy).[1]

    First attested in the sense "breath expelled from a person" in the Kojiki of 712.[1]

    霧(きり) (kiri

    1. mist, fog
      • 1999 March 1, “ウォーター・エレメント [Water Element]”, in BOOSTER 1, Konami:

        水(みず)に住(す)んでいる精(せい)霊(れい)。まわりを霧(きり)でつつみこみ視(し)界(かい)を奪(うば)う。
        Mizu ni sundeiru seirei. Mawari o kiri de tsutsumikomi shikai o ubau.
        A spirit who lives in the water. She’ll blind you by surrounding you with mist.
    2. breath expelled from a person
    3. a liquid (e.g. water) that is dispelled into the air like fog
    4. (slang, criminal) dawn; daybreak
    1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 きり 【霧】Paid subscription required”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

    From Middle Chinese (MC mjuH). Recorded as Middle Korean 무〯 (mwǔ) (Yale: mwǔ) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [mu(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Wikisource

    (eumhun 안개 (an'gae mu))

    1. hanja form? of (fog; mist)
    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

    : Hán Nôm readings: vụ,

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.