많다 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 만〯ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: mǎn-hòtá), equivalent to 만〯 (Yale: mǎn) + ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: hòtá, > modern 하다 (hada)).
The first element is usually, though somewhat speculatively, connected to Sino-Korean 萬 (mǎn, “ten thousand; myriad; (figuratively) countless”).[1] Displaced native 하다〮 (Yale: hàtá, “to be many”).
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈma̠(ː)ntʰa̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [만(ː)타]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | manta |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | manhda |
McCune–Reischauer? | mant'a |
Yale Romanization? | mānhta |
많다 • (manta) (infinitive 많아, sequential 많으니)
Selected forms of the adjective 많다 (manta): consonant-stem, regular
Sentence-final forms | |||||
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Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
Indicative | Non-past | 많다 manta |
많아 mana |
많아요 manayo |
많습니다 manseumnida |
Past | 많았다 manatda |
많았어 manasseo |
많았어요 manasseoyo |
많았습니다 manatseumnida | |
Interrogative | Non-past | 많으냐 maneunya |
많아 mana |
많아요 manayo |
많습니까 manseumnikka |
Past | 많았냐 manannya |
많았어 manasseo |
많았어요 manasseoyo |
많았습니까 manatseumnikka | |
Assertive | 많겠다 manketda |
많겠어 mankesseo |
많겠어요 mankesseoyo |
많겠습니다 manketseumnida | |
Connective forms | |||||
Cause/Reason | 많아 mana |
많아서 manaseo |
많으니 maneuni |
많으니까 maneunikka | |
Contrast | 많지만 manchiman |
많은데 maneunde |
많더니 manteoni |
||
Conjunction | 많고 manko |
||||
Condition | 많으면 maneumyeon |
많아야 manaya |
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Noun and determiner forms | |||||
Verbal nouns | 많음 maneum |
많기 manki | |||
Past-tense verbal nouns | 많았음 manasseum |
많았기 manatgi | |||
Determiners | Present | 많은 maneun | |||
Future | 많을 maneul |
Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
Indicative | Non-past | 많으시다 maneusida |
많으셔 maneusyeo |
많으세요, 많으셔요 maneuseyo, maneusyeoyo |
많으십니다 maneusimnida |
Past | 많으셨다 maneusyeotda |
많으셨어 maneusyeosseo |
많으셨어요 maneusyeosseoyo |
많으셨습니다 maneusyeotseumnida | |
Interrogative | Non-past | 많으시냐 maneusinya |
많으셔 maneusyeo |
많으세요, 많으셔요 maneuseyo, maneusyeoyo |
많으십니까 maneusimnikka |
Past | 많으셨냐 maneusyeonnya |
많으셨어 maneusyeosseo |
많으셨어요 maneusyeosseoyo |
많으셨습니까 maneusyeotseumnikka | |
Assertive | 많으시겠다 maneusigetda |
많으시겠어 maneusigesseo |
많으시겠어요 maneusigesseoyo |
많으시겠습니다 maneusigetseumnida | |
Connective forms with honorific | |||||
Cause/Reason | 많으셔 maneusyeo |
많으셔서 maneusyeoseo |
많으시니 maneusini |
많으시니까 maneusinikka | |
Contrast | 많으시지만 maneusijiman |
많으신데 maneusinde |
많으시더니 maneusideoni |
||
Conjunction | 많으시고 maneusigo |
||||
Condition | 많으시면 maneusimyeon |
많으셔야 maneusyeoya |
|||
Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
Verbal nouns | 많으심 maneusim |
많으시기 maneusigi | |||
Past-tense verbal nouns | 많으셨음 maneusyeosseum |
많으셨기 maneusyeotgi | |||
Determiners | Present | 많으신 maneusin | |||
Future | 많으실 maneusil |
- 많이 (mani) (adverb)
- 多 (da)
- ^ Samuel E. Martin (1992) A Reference Grammar of Korean: A Complete Guide to the Grammar and History of the Korean Language, first edition, Charles E. Tuttle Publishing Co., Inc., →ISBN, page 686