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많다 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 만〯ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: mǎn-hòtá), equivalent to 만〯 (Yale: mǎn) + ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: hòtá, > modern 하다 (hada)).

The first element is usually, though somewhat speculatively, connected to Sino-Korean (mǎn, ten thousand; myriad; (figuratively) countless).[1] Displaced native 하다〮 (Yale: hàtá, “to be many”).

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈma̠(ː)ntʰa̠]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?manta
Revised Romanization (translit.)?manhda
McCune–Reischauer?mant'a
Yale Romanization?mānhta

많다 (manta) (infinitive 많아, sequential 많으니)

  1. (to be) many, much, a lot, plentiful
    Antonym: 적다 (jeokda, (to be) few)

    많은 사람

    doni maneun saram
    someone who has a lot of money; a rich person (lit. "a person whose money is plentiful")

    오늘 전시회 방문자 많다.

    Oneul jeonsihoe bangmunja-ga manta.
    Today there are many visitors at the exhibition.

    너무 많다.

    Hal ir-i neomu manta.
    There is so much work to do.

    많은 노력 기울였다.

    Naneun maneun noryeog-eul giuryeotda.
    I made a great effort.

Selected forms of the adjective 많다 (manta): consonant-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체)
Informal non-polite
(해체)
Informal polite
(해요체)
Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 많다
manta
많아
mana
많아요
manayo
많습니다
manseumnida
Past 많았다
manatda
많았어
manasseo
많았어요
manasseoyo
많았습니다
manatseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 많으냐
maneunya
많아
mana
많아요
manayo
많습니까
manseumnikka
Past 많았냐
manannya
많았어
manasseo
많았어요
manasseoyo
많았습니까
manatseumnikka
Assertive 많겠다
manketda
많겠어
mankesseo
많겠어요
mankesseoyo
많겠습니다
manketseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 많아
mana
많아서
manaseo
많으니
maneuni
많으니까
maneunikka
Contrast 많지만
manchiman
많은데
maneunde
많더니
manteoni
Conjunction 많고
manko
Condition 많으면
maneumyeon
많아야
manaya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 많음
maneum
많기
manki
Past-tense verbal nouns 많았음
manasseum
많았기
manatgi
Determiners Present 많은
maneun
Future 많을
maneul
Sentence-final forms with honorific
Plain (해라체) Informal (해체) Polite (해요체) Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 많으시다
maneusida
많으셔
maneusyeo
많으세요, 많으셔요
maneuseyo, maneusyeoyo
많으십니다
maneusimnida
Past 많으셨다
maneusyeotda
많으셨어
maneusyeosseo
많으셨어요
maneusyeosseoyo
많으셨습니다
maneusyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 많으시냐
maneusinya
많으셔
maneusyeo
많으세요, 많으셔요
maneuseyo, maneusyeoyo
많으십니까
maneusimnikka
Past 많으셨냐
maneusyeonnya
많으셨어
maneusyeosseo
많으셨어요
maneusyeosseoyo
많으셨습니까
maneusyeotseumnikka
Assertive 많으시겠다
maneusigetda
많으시겠어
maneusigesseo
많으시겠어요
maneusigesseoyo
많으시겠습니다
maneusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 많으셔
maneusyeo
많으셔서
maneusyeoseo
많으시니
maneusini
많으시니까
maneusinikka
Contrast 많으시지만
maneusijiman
많으신데
maneusinde
많으시더니
maneusideoni
Conjunction 많으시고
maneusigo
Condition 많으시면
maneusimyeon
많으셔야
maneusyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 많으심
maneusim
많으시기
maneusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 많으셨음
maneusyeosseum
많으셨기
maneusyeotgi
Determiners Present 많으신
maneusin
Future 많으실
maneusil
  1. ^ Samuel E. Martin (1992) A Reference Grammar of Korean: A Complete Guide to the Grammar and History of the Korean Language, first edition, Charles E. Tuttle Publishing Co., Inc., →ISBN, page 686