-í - Wiktionary, the free dictionary

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈi]
• Rhymes: -i

Inherited from Latin -īnus.

-í (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ina, masculine plural -ins, feminine plural -ines)

1. -ine (of or pertaining to)

   ‎mar (“sea”) + ‎-í → ‎marí (“marine”)

   ‎setembre (“September”) + ‎-í → ‎setembrí (“September [relational]”)

   ‎Bilbao (“Bilbao”) + ‎-í → ‎bilbaí (“Bilbaoan”)

-í m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ins)

1. forms diminutives

   ‎gavot (“razorbill auk”) + ‎-í → ‎gavotí (“auklet”)

   ‎corbata (“necktie”) + ‎-í → ‎corbatí (“bowtie”)

   ‎flauta (“flute”) + ‎-í → ‎flautí (“piccolo”)

2. forms names of plants and animals

   ‎teulada (“roof”) + ‎-í → ‎teuladí (“sparrow”)

   ‎garlanda (“garland”) + ‎-í → ‎garlandí (“Tricholoma caligatum (a large edible mushroom native to the Mediterranean)”)

3. forms names of tools

   ‎ploma (“pen”) + ‎-í → ‎plomí (“nib”)

   ‎rampa (“ramp”) + ‎-í → ‎rampí (“rake”)

   ‎esfumar (“to soften, to fade”) + ‎-í → ‎esfumí (“stump (artist's tool)”)

-í m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ins)

1. (chemistry) -yne

Inherited from Old Czech -í, from Proto-Slavic *-jь.

-í (adjective-forming suffix)

1. forming attributive adjectives from nouns, especially animals

   ‎labuť + ‎-í → ‎labutí

   ‎liška + ‎-í → ‎liščí

   ‎kníže + ‎-í → ‎knížecí

   ‎orel + ‎-í → ‎orlí

• -ní
• -ský

Inherited from Old Czech -ie, from Proto-Slavic *-ьje.

-í ? (noun-forming suffix)

1. forming nouns referring to collections

   ‎dřevo + ‎-í → ‎dříví

   ‎kámen + ‎-í → ‎kamení

   ‎ostrov + ‎-í → ‎souostroví

• Přídavná jména tvořená příponou -í z obecných jmen rostlin, Naše řeč (2002)

• -aí (broad version)

• IPA^(key): /iː/

-í

1. slender form of -aí (“plural suffix”)

   ‎ispín (“sausage”) + ‎-í → ‎ispíní (“sausages”)

-í m

1. slender form of -aí (“agent suffix”)

   ‎oibrigh (“to work”) + ‎-í → ‎oibrí (“worker”)

-í

1. slender form of -aí (“adjective-forming suffix”)

   ‎fuil (“blood”) + ‎-í → ‎fuilí (“bloody”)

-í m

1. slender form of -aí (“verbal-noun-forming suffix”)

   ‎éirigh (“to rise, become”) + ‎-í → ‎éirí (“rising, becoming”)

• (archaic) -ir

From Portuguese -ir, the third-conjugation verb-forming suffix.

• IPA^(key): /ˈi/

-í

1. verb-forming suffix

   ‎Malay cubit (“to pinch”) + ‎-í → ‎chubí (“to pinch”)

• Largely not productive outside of verbs formed from non-Portuguese stems.
• Much rarer than -â, and only used when the final vowel of the original loanword is -i.

• (other verb-forming suffixes from Portuguese): -â, -ê
• (other word-final verb-forming suffixes): -ú

From a combination of several Proto-Athabaskan prefixes:

• Proto-Athabaskan *-(y)iˑ) (non-human noun suffix)
• Proto-Athabaskan *-eˑ (suffix forming kinship terms)
• Proto-Athabaskan *-(h)eˑ (a negative suffix)^[1]

-í

1. (nominalizer) the one that, the one who

• Similar to the -er suffix in English, the -í suffix attached to a verb means "the one who does [verb]". Thus naaʼnaʼ (“he/she/it crawls about”) + -í ("-er") produces naaʼnaʼí ("the one that crawls, crawler"). Prefixing this with chidí (“car”) produces chidí naaʼnaʼí (“caterpillar tractor”).
• When applied to words ending in a vowel, an epenthetic /h/ is sometimes added before the suffix, as in giníłbáhí (“western goshawk”).

• -é
• -ígíí
• -ii

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

• IPA^(key): /-í/

-í

1. Converb suffix

• -aá (With a-ending verb stems)
• -eé (With o-ending verb stems)

• Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) “-í”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎^[1], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

• IPA^(key): /-í/

-í

1. Plural suffix (with i-declension nouns)

• Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) “-í”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎^[2], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

• IPA^(key): /-í/

-í

1. Oblique case suffix (with i-declension nouns)

• Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) “-í”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎^[3], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

• IPA^(key): /ˈi/ [ˈi]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: -í

From the Arabic suffix ـِيّ (-iyy).

-í m or f (adjective-forming suffix, masculine and feminine plural -ís or -íes)
-í m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, plural -ís or -íes)

1. forms certain demonyms, especially from Arabic and Indo-Iranian countries and regions

   ‎Irán + ‎-í → ‎iraní

   ‎Irak + ‎-í → ‎iraquí

   ‎Azer(baiyán) + ‎-í → ‎azerí

   ‎Marruecos + ‎-í → ‎marroquí

   ‎Panyab + ‎-í → ‎panyabí

• -ense
• -ano
• -eño

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *-īī < Latin -īvī, first-person singular present perfect active indicative ending of the fourth conjugation, later generalized to almost all non-first conjugation verbs.

-í (non-lemma form of verb-forming suffix)

1. first person preterite ending of regular -er and -ir verbs

   ‎comer (“to eat”) + ‎-í → ‎comí (“I ate”)

   ‎escribir (“to write”) + ‎-í → ‎escribí (“I wrote”)