si - Wiktionary, the free dictionary

si

1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Sinhalese.

• ti

From Middle English si (“seventh degree or note of Guido of Arezzo's hexachordal scales”), Italian si in the solmization of Guido of Arezzo, from the initials of Latin Sāncte Iohannēs (“Saint John (the Baptist)”) in the lyrics of the scale-ascending hymn Ut queant laxis by Paulus Deacon; thus, also an initialism of Sāncte Iohannēs.

• IPA^(key): /siː/
• Rhymes: -iː
• Homophones: C, cee, sea, see

si (plural sis)

1. (music) A syllable used in solfège to represent the seventh note of a major scale.

• 'is, I's, IS, Is, i's, is, is-, is.

Varying reconstructions. Orel descends it from Proto-Albanian *tšei,^[1] Matzinger from Proto-Albanian *čī.^[2] Ultimately from instrumental Proto-Indo-European *kwi-h₁. Compare Latin qui (“how, why”), Old English hwȳ, hwī (“why”). An interrogative and relative pronoun, especially in connection with a preposition.

• IPA^(key): [si]

si

1. how; in what way; in what state

   Si janë shokët e tu? ― How are your friends?

2. like, as

   Si e dini, nuk kemi filluar ende.

   As you know, we've not yet begun.

• qysh

From Old High German siu, from Proto-Germanic *sī. Cognate with German sie (“she; it”), Gothic 𐍃𐌹 (si), Old English sēo.

si f

1. she
2. it (for referents of the feminine grammatical gender)

From Old High German sie m pl, sio f pl, siu n pl. Cognate with German sie, Dutch zij.

si pl

1. they

From Middle High German sein, sīn, from Old High German sīn, from Proto-Germanic *sīnaz. Cognate with German sein, Dutch zijn, West Frisian syn, Icelandic sinn.

• siin

si

1. his

Inflected forms include:

	Singular	Plural
masculine	feminine	neuter
Nominative Accusative	si	sini	si	sini
Genitive	sines & si's		sines
Dative	si'm & sim	siner	si'm & sim	sine

From Middle High German sīn, from Old High German sīn. Cognate with German sein, Dutch zijn, Low German sien.

• sii, siin, sinh, ŝchi

si

1. (Gressoney) to be

• Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

From Latin si.

si

1. if

From Proto-Bahnaric *ciː, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ciiʔ (“louse”); cognate with Vietnamese chí, chấy.

• IPA^(key): /siː/

si

1. louse

From English see.

si

1. to see

• Crosbie, Paul, ed. (2007), Kriol-Inglish Dikshineri: English-Kriol Dictionary. Belize City: Belize Kriol Project, p. 315–316.

Compare Chamorro si, Indonesian si, Malay si, and Tagalog si.

• IPA^(key): /si/ [si]

si (plural sina)

1. direct marker placed before names or terms of address of people

   Nagdalagan si Juan. ― Juan ran.

   Dinara ninda si Tatay sa ospital. ― They brought Father to the hospital.

2. direct marker placed before an adjective used to refer to a person with those distinct characteristics

   Yaon na si Taba. ― Fatso is here.

3. (Naga) direct marker placed before common nouns

   Synonym: su

   Kinua ko na si pakete. ― I already got the package

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [si]
• Homophone: sí
• Rhymes: -i

From Old Catalan si, from Latin si (“if”).

si

1. if

• si bé
• si de cas
• si doncs no
• si més no
• si no
• si per cas
• si et plau
• si us plau

From Latin Sancte Iohannes (“Saint John”) in the hymn for St. John the Baptist.

si m (plural sis)

1. (music) si (seventh note of a diatonic scale)

From Old Catalan si~sin, from Latin sĭnus.

si m (plural sins)

1. cavity, depression
2. (anatomy) sinus
3. (figuratively) uterus
4. front portion of the breast
5. (figuratively) heart
6. estuary, bay

• si d'Abraham m

From Latin sĭbī.

si

1. himself, herself, itself
2. oneself
3. themselves
4. each other

• Si is the stressed (or "strong", or "tonic") form of the reflexive pronoun es. As such, it is used after prepositions.

• de si mateix
• en si
• entre si
• fora de si
• per a si
• per si mateix
• tornar en si

• sí

• sei, sein (Moselle Franconian)

From Middle High German sīn.

• IPA^(key): /ziː/, /zi/
• Homophone: sie

si (masculine senge or singe, feminine and plural seng or sing)

1. (Ripuarian) his, its (third-person masculine and neuter possessive)

   Wo hät e dann si Jlas henjestallt? ― Where did he put his glass?

• The form seng/sing is used for the neuter when strongly stressed: Dat es sing Jlas! (“That's his glass!”) Contrariwise, the form si may be used for the masculine and feminine when unstressed, chiefly with words for relatives: si Papp (“his father”, but less common than senge Papp).

Compare Bikol Central si, Indonesian si, and Malay si.

si

1. Subject marker for personal names

• IPA^(key): /si/, [si]

Inherited from Spanish sí.

si

1. yes

Inherited from Spanish si (“if”).

si

1. if

• zi (Sette Comuni)

From Middle High German si(e), from Old High German siu, from Proto-West Germanic *sī, from Proto-Germanic *sī, nominative singular feminine of *iz. Cognate with German sie.

si

1. (Luserna) she, it

• “si” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

si m (plural siow)

1. hiss, buzz

• edhen si (“hummingbird”)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

si

1. (transitive) to fancy

• sians (“notion, whim”)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *si.

• IPA^(key): [ˈsɪ]

si (reflexive)

1. clitic dative of sebe:

   to oneself

   to myself

   to yourself

   Posluž si. ― Serve yourself.

   to himself

   to herself

   to itself

   to ourselves

   to yourselves

   to themselves

   Synonym: (stressed) sobě

• “si”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “si”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

From Latin sex.

si

1. six

From Old Norse sía (“to sieve, filter”).

• IPA^(key): /siː/, [siːˀ]
• Rhymes: -i
• Rhymes: -iː

si c (singular definite sien, plural indefinite sier)

1. sieve
2. strainer
3. colander

si (imperative si, infinitive at si, present tense sier, past tense siede, perfect tense har siet)

1. sieve
2. strain
3. sift

si m or f (plural si's, diminutive sietje n)

1. musical note; ti

• is

From Italian si, French soi, Spanish se, Latin se, plus the i of personal pronouns.

• IPA^(key): [si]
• Hyphenation: si

si (reflexive, accusative sin, possessive sia)

1. himself, herself, itself, themselves, oneself

The reflexive pronoun si is only used to refer to the third person (In English: he/she/it/they) not the first or second person (In English: I/we/you). When the subject of a sentence is first or second person, the same pronoun is repeated (with the accusative ending -n added if needed) instead of using si. (E.g. "they wash themselves" is ili lavas sin, but "I wash myself" is mi lavas min, instead of *mi lavas sin.)

si

1. to escape

From Old Galician-Portuguese se, from Latin sī (“if”).

si

1. if (used to introduce a condition or choice)

   • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme I, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:

     I si “a patria do homi é sua lengua”, cumu idía Albert Camus, o que está claru é que a lengua está mui por encima de fronteiras, serras, rius i maris, de situaciós pulíticas i sociu-económicas, de lazus religiosus e inclusu familiaris.

     And if “a man’s homeland is his language”, as Albert Camus said, what is clear is that language is above borders, mountain ranges, rivers and seas, above political and socio-economic situations, of religious and even family ties.

si

1. Alternative form of se

   • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme I, Chapter 2: Númerus?:

     As lenguas, idiomas, dialectus o falas tenin un-as funciós mui claras desde o principiu dos siglu i si hai contabilizaus en o mundu un-as 8.000 lenguas, ca un-a con sua importancia numérica relativa, a nossa fala é un tesoiru mais entre elas.

     The tongues, languages or regional variants have some very clear functions since the beginning of the centuries and some 8,000 languages have been accounted for in the world, each with its relative numerical importance, Fala is yet another treasure among them.

• IPA^(key): /si/
• Homophones: ci, scie, scient, scies

From Old French se, from Latin si (“if”).

si

1. if, whether

   Je me demande si elle sera seule. ― I wonder if she'll be alone.

   Je veux savoir si tu viendras ou non. ― I want to know if you're coming or not.

2. if (assuming that)

   Si j’avais ses pouvoirs, je créerais un monde où le mal n’existe pas. ― If I had his power, I'd create a world where evil didn't exist.

   Si tu n’avais pas appelé, je serais morte. ― If you hadn't called, I'd be dead.

3. even if
4. although, while

Elided preceding il or ils, resulting in the contracted forms s’il and s’ils.

From Old French si, from Latin sic (“so, thus”). Doublet of sic.

si

1. yes (used to contradict a negative statement)

   Synonym: (archaic) si fait

   Tu ne m’aimes pas, n’est-ce pas ? — Si !

   You don’t like me, do you? — Yes, I do!

   Moi, je n’ai rien fait ! — Si !

   I didn't do anything! — Yes, you did!

The positive particle usage is uncommon in Québec, where most speakers use oui instead.

si

1. so, such (intensifier)

   J’étais si fatigué ces jours-ci que je n’avais pas le courage de vous écrire.

   I was so tired those days that I didn't have the energy to write to you.

   Cela n’aurait pas été une si bonne idée.

   That wouldn't have been such a good idea.

2. (si + adjective/adverb + que ...) however (to whatever extent or degree)

   Synonyms: aussi, tout, quelque

   Si bavard qu’il soit, il ne dit rien de stupide.

   However talkative he may be, he doesn't say anything stupid.

   • 2017, Luc Brisson, Platon:

     Mais un législateur qui aurait un tant soit peu de worth, si infime soit elle, quand bien même il n’en irait pas comme l’argument vient de le démontrer, n’aurait-il pas commis en cette occasion, plus qu’en n’importe quelle autre circonstance où il aurait eu l’audace de mentir aux jeunes gens dans l’intérêt du bien, son plus utile mensonge, celui capable de faire que tous, non pas de force mais de leur plein gré, se conduisent de façon entièrement juste ?

     But a legislator who would have the slightest bit of valour, however tiny it may be, even if it were not as the argument has just demonstrated, would he not have committed on this occasion, more than in any other circumstance where he would have had the audacity to lie to young people in the interest of the good, his most useful lie, the one capable of making everyone, not by force but of their own accord, behave in an entirely just fashion?

• In the sense however, the verb is usually in the subjunctive.
• The que is sometimes replaced by an inverted-subject construction with a subjunctive verbal element and nominal, usually a personal pronoun.

  si heureuse soit-elle ― however happy she may be

  si faible paraisse-t-il ― however weak he may seem

si m (plural si)

1. (music) si, the note 'B'

• si majeur

• “si”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

From Latin se.

si (third person)

1. (reflexive pronoun) himself, herself

• lui
• jê

From Latin sīc.

si

1. yes

   Antonym: non

From Latin sē, ablative and accusative pronoun form.

si (accusative se, dative se)

1. himself, herself, itself
2. themselves

The pronoun si is used exclusively as the object of a preposition; no nominative form exists.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

si m (plural sis)

1. (music) si (musical note)
2. (music) B (the musical note or key)

si

1. Romanization of 𐍃𐌹

From Portuguese se. Cognate with Kabuverdianu si.

si

1. if

From French si.

• IPA^(key): /si/

si

1. if

From Proto-Austronesian *si.

• IPA^(key): /ˈsi/ [ˈsi]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: si

si (Hanunoo spelling ᜰᜲ)

1. a form preposed to personal names

   Si Gawid ― Gawid

   Sintay si Luyon?

   Who is Luyon?

   Kang manok si manayti.

   My bird the manayti (small bird)

• Conklin, Harold C. (1953) Hanunóo-English Vocabulary (University of California Publications in Linguistics), volume 9, London, England: University of California Press, →OCLC, page 244

si

1. woman

• Bill Palmer, The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area (→ISBN, 2017), page 531, table 95, Comparative basic vocabulary in Lakes Plain Languages

Borrowed from Italian sì, Spanish sí.

• IPA^(key): /si/

si

1. (archaic) yes

   Synonym: yes

   Antonym: no

• Progreso I (in Ido), 1908–1909, page 10

• IPA^(key): /si/

From Proto-Austronesian *si. Compare Bikol Central si, Chamorro si, and Malay si, Tagalog si.

si

1. Definite article used before the names of those with whom the speaker and interlocutor is intimate or familiar with

   Tiada satupun yang berani pada si Tigor pemberani. ― No one dared to oppose the brave Tigor.

   Kukatakan pada si Yopi kecil, janganlah marah ― I said to little Yopi, don't angry.

   Kudengar bahwa si Tuti besar sedang sakit ― I hear that big Tuti is ill.

2. Definite article used before a noun referring to a particular person with a particular characteristic

   Si penjual jamu itu cantik sekali. ― That jamu seller is very pretty.

   Dia tertawa dengan si orang asing itu. ― She was laughing with the foreigner.

   Si pemuda itu tersenyum lebar lalu pergi. ― The young man smiled broadly then left.

3. Definite article used before a nickname, typically for a subject whose well-known attributes are referred to by an adjective

   Namanya si Putih ― The name is Whitey.

   Si Gendut ― The Fatso

   Si Goblok ― The Old Muttonhead

4. Definite article used before animals

   si kucing ― the cat

si

1. (law enforcement) aphetic form of seksi (“section”)

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 市(し) (shi, “city”). Romanised according modified Kunrei-shiki romanization.

si

1. (historical, 1942-1945) Synonym of kota (“city”)

• “si” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

si

1. yes

From Latin se (“him-, her-, it-, themselves”, reflexive third-person pronoun). Cognate with Spanish se and Portuguese se and si.

• -si (enclitic)

• IPA^(key): /si/
• Rhymes: -i
• Hyphenation: si

si

1. (reflexive pronoun) oneself, himself, herself, itself, themselves

   Il tuo gatto si lava sul mio letto. ― Your cat cleans himself/itself on my bed.

   La tua gatta si lava sul mio letto. ― Your cat cleans herself on my bed.

   Marco si è rotto il braccio. ― Marco has broken his arm.

2. (reciprocal pronoun) each other, one another

   Carlo e Laura si amano. ― Carlo and Laura love each other.

3. (indefinite) one, you, we, they, people

   In Italia si pranza intorno all'una. ― In Italy they eat lunch around 13.

   In Italia si tende ad andare a letto tardi. ― In Italy, people tend to go to bed late.

   Si dice che Maria volesse uccidere Giovanni. ― It is said that Maria wanted to kill Giovanni.

   Da questa finestra si vede la banca. ― From this window, one can see the bank.

4. (si passivante) Used to form the passive voice of a verb; it

   Si vende latte. / Vendesi latte. ― Milk for sale.

   Non si accettano carte di credito. ― Credit cards are not accepted.

5. (dialectal, notably Rome) reflexive and reciprocal first person pronoun, where Standard Italian uses ci

   Volemose bene. (Vogliamoci bene.)

   Let's love each other.

   Se la smezzamo? (Ce la dividiamo?)

   Do you want to split?

   • 1483, Matteo Maria Boiardo, Orlando Innamorato, I, XVIII, lines 37–39:

     Ambo se poseremo in questo prato
     e domatina, come il giorno pare,
     ritornaremo insieme a battagliare.

     We will both lay down in this meadow
     and tomorrow morning, when the day appears,
     together we will go back to fight.

• When si is part of an infinitive, it can be placed before it as a separate word, but more often it is attached to the end. In this case, the final -e of the infinitive is dropped, or, in the case of infinitives ending in -rre, the final -re is dropped. Examples: amar(e) + si = amarsi; ridur(re) + si = ridursi.
• Often translated using the passive voice in English when used as indefinite personal pronoun:

  Si dice che […] ― It is said that […]

• Verb + si is often translated as become or get + [past participle] in English.
• In cases where si (indefinite pronoun) and si (reflexive pronoun) follow each other, the first si is replaced with ci:

  Ci si lava. ― One washes oneself.

  (instead of: *Si si lava.)

• Becomes se when followed by a third-person direct object clitic (lo, la, li, le, or ne).

• IPA^(key): /ˈsi/, /ˈsi/^*
• Rhymes: -i
• Hyphenation: sì

si

1. (music) si (musical note B)

• sì
• ci

• si in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Derived from English see.

• IPA^(key): /si/

si

1. to see

   Mi wuda laik si im tu.

   I'd like to see him too.

si

1. (Used with ya) Here is; here are.

   Si yu buk-dem ya.

   Here are your books.

• si at majstro.com

si

1. The katakana syllable スィ (si) in Hepburn-like romanization.

• IPA^(key): /si/

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *səj (“to die”). Cognate with Tibetan ཤི (shi), Chinese 死 (OC *hljiʔ).^[1]

si

1. (Kamnyu, intransitive) to die

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *siŋ ~ *sik (“tree; wood; firewood”). Cognate with Tibetan ཤིང (shing, “tree”), Chinese 薪 (OC *siŋ, “firewood”), Tangut 𗝠 (*sji¹, “tree”).^[2][3]

si

1. (Kamnyu) tree
2. (Kamnyu) wood

• Guillaume Jacques, Argument Demotion in Japhug Rgyalrong (2012)
• Guillaume Jacques (2021) A grammar of Japhug‎^[2], Berlin: Language Science Press, →ISBN

From Portuguese se.

si

1. if

From Portuguese sim.

si

1. yes

• hi
• sis

• (Standard Kankanaey) IPA^(key): /si/ [si̞]
  • IPA^(key): (parts of Bauko, Sabangan, & Tadian) /hi/ [hi̞]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: si

si

1. oblique argument, specifically a common nominal indefinite marker

• (oblique arguments) sin, si, sis, ed, en, en da

• Janet L. Allen (2014) Kankanaey: A Role and Reference Grammar Analysis‎^[3] (overall work in English), →ISBN, page 128

• IPA^(key): /sʰi˩/

si

1. wild cow

• K. E. Herr (2011) The phonological interpretation of minor syllables, applied to Lemi Chin‎^[4], Payap University, page 50

si

1. water

• Roger Blench, Mark Post, (De)classifying Arunachal languages: Reconstructing the evidence (2011)

from French scie (“saw”)

si

1. saw (tool)

From Latin sē.

si

1. (possessive) his, her, hers, its, their

Inherited from Old Spanish si (“if”).

si (Hebrew spelling סי)^[1]

1. if (supposing that)

Inherited from Old Spanish si (“oneself”).

si (Hebrew spelling סי)^[1]

1. oneself; herself; itself; himself; themselves (form of se used after prepositions)

Inherited from Old Spanish si (“yea”).

si (Hebrew spelling סי)^[1]

1. yes; aye (commonly used to respond affirmatively to a question)

   Antonym: no

• sei (standard in Republican spelling)
• se (Merovingian)

From Proto-Italic *sei (“so, thus”) used in parataxis, likely via the meaning "in this" as the locative singular of Proto-Indo-European *só (“this, that”); this older meaning is preserved in Latin sīc as well as in the oath sī dīs placet, cf. English so help me God. Related to Old English sē (“he, that”).

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /siː/, [s̠iː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /si/, [siː]

sī

1. if, supposing that

   Sī versūs hōrum duōrum poētārum neglegētis, magnā parte litterārum carēbitis.

   If you neglect the verses of these two poets, you will miss a great part of literature.

2. whether (when a verb of seeing or trying is the main verb in the apodosis; or when sī is used twice correlatively)

   sī... sī ― whether... or

• si in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• si in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "si", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• si in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• si in Richard Stillwell et al., editor (1976), The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “sī, sīc”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 561

si m (invariable)

1. (music) si

From Proto-Loloish *ʃe² (“to die”), from Proto-Lolo-Burmese *səj¹ (“to die”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *səj (“to die”).

• IPA^(key): [sz̩³³]

si 

1. (Yao'an) to die

si 

1. (Yao'an) death

• Merrifield, Judith, Merrifield, Scott (2018) “Query for si”, in Yao'an Loxrlavu – English Dictionary (in Chinese), SIL International

• IPA^(key): /si/
• Rhymes: -i

Inherited from French si (“if”).

si

1. if

Inherited from French si (“so”).

si

1. so (intensifier)

Louisiana Creole cardinal numbers

<  5	6	7  >
Cardinal : si

Inherited from French six (“six”).

si

1. six

• Precedes consonant-initial words. See usage notes at sis.

• IPA^(key): /zi/

si

1. third-person feminine singular, nominative: she

   Si ass eng ganz schéi Fra. ― She is a very beautiful woman

2. third-person feminine singular, accusative: her

   Den Hond huet si gebass. ― The dog bit her

3. third-person plural, nominative: they

   Si si ganz schéi Fraen. ― They are very beautiful women.

4. third-person plural, accusative: them

   Den Hond huet si gebass. ― The dog bit them

• The feminine singular is used chiefly with feminine words for things. Female persons are predominantly treated as grammatically neuter, though the feminine is not impossible. See hatt for more.

• se

From Portuguese se.

si

1. if (introduces a condition)

   si nunca ― otherwise (literally, “if not”)

   si sâm capaz ― if you are brave / if you dare

   si más pricisâ ― if more is needed

   si já falâ co iou ― if you had told me

   si vosôtro querê vêm ― if you (pl.) want to come

   iou vai olâ si têm ― I'm going to see if there is any

   si têm vagar lôgo vêm ― I'll come if I have time

• nunca-si

• https://www.macaneselibrary.org/pub/english/uipatua.htm

From Proto-Austronesian *si₁. Compare Compare Berik si, Chamorro si, Indonesian si, and Tagalog si.

si

1. the (primarily used with people, rarely necessary)

   Ke mana perginya si budak nakal yang aku jumpa di taman tadi?

   Where has the brat I just met in the park headed to?

2. definite particle used with adjectives to describe people

3. a definite article used in names or nicknames

• sang (more formal)

si (si⁵ / si⁰, Zhuyin ˙ㄙ)

1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 廁 / 厕

si

1. Nonstandard spelling of sī.
2. Nonstandard spelling of sǐ.
3. Nonstandard spelling of sì.

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

From French si.

• IPA^(key): /si/

si

1. if

si

1. yes (used to contradict a negative statement)

• IPA^(key): /ziː/

From Old Dutch sia.

• sie, soe, so

si

1. she

• Dutch: zij
  • Afrikaans: sy
• Limburgish: zie

From Old Dutch sia.

• sie

si

1. they (all genders)

• Dutch: zij
• Limburgish: zie

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

si

1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive of wēsen

• “si (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• “si (III)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “si (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I

From Old English sīe, singular subjunctive of wesan, from Proto-Germanic *sijǭ (first person), *sijēs (second person), and *sijē (third person), singular subjunctive forms of *wesaną.

si

1. (Early Middle English, rare) singular present subjunctive of been

• se

From Old French se.

si

1. if
2. then (afterwards; following)

• French: si

• Possibly: IPA^(key): /siː/
• Certainly: Stem vowel: ê⁴
  • IPA^(key): /siɛ/, /siə/

sî

1. Alternative form of sê

From Middle High German si(e), from Old High German siu, from Proto-West Germanic *sī, from Proto-Germanic *sī, nominative singular feminine of *iz. Cognate with German sie.

si

1. she, it

• “si” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

• IPA^(key): /ˈsi/

si

1. ear

si

1. water

• Marvin Lionel Bender, Topics in Nilo-Saharan linguistics (1989)
• [5]

si

1. tooth
2. name

From Old French si, from Latin si (“if”).

si

1. (Guernsey) if

• IPA^(key): /siː/

From Old Norse segja, from Proto-Germanic *sagjaną, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to say”).

si (imperative si, present tense sier, passive sies, past tense sa, past participle sagt, present participle siende)

1. to say

• seie, seia (Nynorsk)

si

1. feminine singular of sin

See the main entry.

si (uncountable)

1. Alternative form of side, used only in the phrase på si.

si (uncountable)

1. (music) si (seventh note of a major scale)

• “si” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “si” in The Ordnett Dictionary

• -is, is

si f

1. feminine singular of sin

Acronym of Latin Sancte Ioannes, the phrase ending the hymn Ut queant laxis from earlier words of which the other notes of solfège were derived. A younger alteration, ti, allows for every note of the solfège to begin with a different letter.

• IPA^(key): /siː/
• Homophone: sid

si m (definite singular si-en, indefinite plural si-ar, definite plural si-ane)

2. (music) si, a syllable used in seventh note of a major scale

• (scale of solfège): do, re, mi, fa, so (or sol), la, ti (or si), do

Akin to the first part of Old Norse síþráðr.

si n (definite singular siet, uncountable)

1. (collective, nautical, dated) tatters of rope used to stop leakage

Doublet of side.

si ?

1. Used only idiomatically in the prepositional phrase på si.

Clipping of sidan.

si

1. (dialectal) since
2. (dialectal) ago
3. (dialectal) because, for

• “si” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

• IS, is, SI, si-

• IPA^(key): /siː/

sī

1. Alternative form of sīe

• se
• s' (before a vowel)

From Latin sic.

si

1. so; thus; in such a way

• French: si
• Norman: si

See se.

si

1. Alternative form of se (if)

• IPA^(key): /ˈsi/

Inherited from Latin sibi, from Proto-Indo-European *sébʰye, dative of *swé (“self”). Cognate with Old French sei and Old Spanish si.

si

1. oneself; herself; itself; himself; themselves (form of se used after prepositions)

Inherited from Latin sīc (“thus; so”), from Proto-Indo-European *so (“this, that”).

si

1. yes (affirmatively)

   Antonym: non

   • ſi ou non

     yes or no

• Fala: sí
• Galician: si
• Portuguese: sim

sī

1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive of wesan

• IPA^(key): /si/

si

1. feminine nominative singular of sē

Inherited from Latin si (“if”).

si

1. if (supposing that)

Inherited from Latin sibi, from Proto-Indo-European *sébʰye, dative of *swé (“self”). Cognate with Old French sei and Old Galician-Portuguese si.

si

1. oneself; herself; itself; himself; themselves (form of se used after prepositions)

Inherited from Latin sīc (est) (“thus”).

si

1. yea; aye; yes (commonly used to respond affirmatively to a question)

   Antonym: no

• Ladino: si, סי
• Spanish: si

• Ralph Steele Boggs et al. (1946) “si”, in Tentative Dictionary of Medieval Spanish, volume II, Chapel Hill, page 469

Inherited from Sanskrit शी (śī).

si

1. to lie down

(Verbs):

Inherited from Sanskrit श्रि (śri).

si

1. to rest on

The initial consonant tends to geminate after prefixes.

(Verbs):

(Non-present participles, gerundives, absolutives and infinitives):

(Nouns):

Inherited from Sanskrit सि (si).

si

1. to bind

From Spanish si and Portuguese se and Kabuverdianu si.

si

1. if
2. when

From Spanish sí and Portuguese sim and Kabuverdianu si.

si

1. yes

• Rhymes: -i
• Hyphenation: si

From Old Galician-Portuguese si, from Latin sibi, from Proto-Indo-European *sébʰye, dative of *swé (“self”). Cognate with French soi, Italian sé, Spanish sí.

• sy (obsolete)

si (reflexive)

1. (following a preposition) oneself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, yourselves, themselves

From Latin Sancte Iohannes (“Saint John”) in the hymn for St. John the Baptist.

si m (plural sis)

1. si (musical note)

• (C major scale) escala de dó maior; dó, ré, mi, fá, sol, lá, si

si

1. Eye dialect spelling of se, representing Brazil Portuguese.

Possibly borrowed from Spanish sí or a clipping of sim.

si

1. (Rio Grande do Sul, informal, Internet slang) yes (affirmative answer)

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:sim

Cognate with Assiniboine sihá, Dakota sihá, Lakota sí, Omaha-Ponca si, Hidatsa icí, Crow iché.

si

1. foot

• (Central Romagnol): IPA^(key): [ˈsiː]

• (Ville Unite):

Inherited from Latin sĕx (“six”).

si m

1. six

   Uj vö si dè.

   It takes six days.

From the initial letters of Sancte + Iohannes, of the seventh verse of the hymn Ut queant laxis.

si m (plural si)

1. Si (musical note)

Inherited from Latin sēbum (“tallow”).

si m (plural si)

1. tallow

Masotti, Adelmo (1996) Vocabolario Romagnolo Italiano [Romagnol-Italian dictionary] (in Italian), Bologna: Zanichelli, pages 584, 585

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

si

1. to be
2. there be
3. Used before an accusative personal pronoun to indicate possession.

   Si la kale bala.

   She has black hair.

• The personal pronoun is often omitted when si is used to mean "to be".
• When a noun indicates the possessor, si follows the accusative case of the noun.

• Yūsuke Sumi (2018) ニューエクスプレスプラス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published 2021, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 71

From Italian si.

• IPA^(key): /si/

si m (plural si)

1. (music) si (musical note B)

• (Sutsilvan, Surmiran) sen, se
• (Puter, Vallader) sü

From Vulgar Latin, Late Latin root sūsum, from Latin sūrsum.

si

1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan) up, upward, upwards

• IPA^(key): /si/

From Latin se (“him-, her-, it-, themselves”, reflexive third-person pronoun). Cognate with Italian si, Portuguese si and se.

• s' (apocopic)
• -ssi (enclitic)

si

1. (reflexive pronoun) oneself, himself, herself, itself, themselves

   La camìsgia si la pònini li manni ― Adults wear shirts (literally, “The adults put the shirt on themselves”)

2. (reciprocal pronoun) each other, one another

   Eddi s'àmani ― They love each other

3. (indefinite) one, you, we, they, people

   Lu zipressu si dizi "àiburu di campusantu" ― The cypress is called "graveyard tree"

• sóiu

From Latin sī, from Proto-Italic *sei (“so, thus”) used in parataxis, likely via the meaning "in this" as the locative singular of Proto-Indo-European *só (“this, that”).

si

1. if

   Si lu sai, dìmmiru! ― If you know, tell me! (literally, “If you know it, tell it to me!”)

• Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

From Sanskrit सेतु (setu).

si

1. bridge

• Knobloch, Nina (2020) A grammar sketch of Sauji: An Indo-Aryan language of Afghanistan‎^[6], Stockholm: Stockholm University

• IPA^(key): /si/

si (Cyrillic spelling си)

1. (reflexive) Replaces the dative of a personal pronoun when the subject is of the same person as the dative object; to oneself (clitic dative singular of sȅbe (“oneself”))
   1. to myself
   2. to yourself
   3. to himself, herself, itself
   4. to ourselves
   5. to yourselves
   6. to themselves
2. (reflexive, emphatic, possessive, dative) one's, of oneself (clitic dative singular of sebe (“one”))

   Kako li je samo zaboravio gdje si je parkirao auto?

   Just how did he forget where he parked his car?

si (Cyrillic spelling си)

1. second-person singular present of bȉti

From Proto-Slavic *esi.

• IPA^(key): [si]

si

1. second-person singular present of byť

   (you) are, (thou) art

si

1. dative of seba

   Kupujem si topánky. ― I am buying me shoes.

   Komu kupuješ topánky? Sebe. ― Whom are you buying shoes for? Myself.

• “si”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

• IPA^(key): /sí/

sȉ

1. second-person singular present of bíti

• IPA^(key): /si/

si

1. dative singular of sébe

From Latin si (“if”).

• IPA^(key): /si/ [si]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: si
• Homophone: sí

si

1. if

• sí

• “si”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

si

1. Romanization of 𒋛

si

1. negative present (all persons, numbers, and classes) of -wa (“to not be”)

-si

1. negative relative stem of -wa, -wapo, -wako, or -wamo

   mtu asiye na maarifa ― a person without knowledge

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /si/ [sɪ]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: si

From Proto-Austronesian *si. Compare Bikol Central si, Cebuano si, Gorontalo ti, Hiligaynon si, Ilocano si, Kapampangan i, Pangasinan si, and Waray-Waray si.

si (plural sina, Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒ)

1. direct marker placed before names or terms of address of people

   Tumakbo si Juan.

   Juan ran.

   Dinala nila si Tatay sa ospital.

   They brought Father to the hospital.

2. direct marker placed before an adjective used to refer to a person with those distinct characteristics

   Nandiyan na si taba. ― Fatso is there.

• c — text messaging
• çi — obsolete

Borrowed from English cee, the English name of the letter C/c.

si (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒ)

1. the name of the Latin-script letter C/c, in the Filipino alphabet

   Synonym: (in the Abecedario) ce

• (Latin-script letter names) titik; ey, bi, si, di, i, ef, dyi, eyts, ay, dyey, key, el, em, en, enye, en dyi, o, pi, kyu, ar, es, ti, yu, vi, dobolyu, eks, way, zi

• “si”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

si

1. first, firstly

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001). A Descriptive Study of the Language of Ternate, the Northern Moluccas, Indonesia. University of Pittsburgh.

From English sea.

si

1. sea
2. waves; breakers; swells

From Italian si

• IPA^(key): /si/
• Rhymes: -sɪ

si (definite accusative siyi, plural siler)

1. (music) si (musical note B)

From Proto-Vietic *ɟ-riː, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɟriiʔ; cognate with Bahnar jri, Khmer ជ្រៃ (crɨy), Khasi jri, Old Mon jrey.

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [si˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ʂɪj˧˧] ~ [sɪj˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [ʂɪj˧˧] ~ [sɪj˧˧]

(classifier cây) si

1. certain members of the Mallotus and Ficus genera

si

1. yes

   • 1932, Arie de Jong, Leerboek der Wereldtaal, page 19:

     Cils äbinons-li i pö zäl et? Si! elogob us tumis.

     Were there children at that party as well? Yes, I've seen hundreds of them there.

Borrowed from a descendant of Sanskrit सिंह (siṃhá).

• IPA^(key): /ˈsi/

si (Nisheigram)^[1]

1. lion

From Old French, from Latin si (“if”).

• IPA^(key): /si/

si

1. if

• su

• IPA^(key): /siː/
• Rhymes: -iː

si m (plural sïon, not mutable)

1. murmur, hum
2. rumour

IPA^(key): /sí/

sí

1. The name of the Latin-script letter S/s.

• (Latin-script letter names) lẹ́tà; á, bí, dí, é, ẹ́, fí, gí, gbì, hí, í, jí, kí, lí, mí, ní, ó, ọ́, pí, rí, sí, ṣí, tí, ú, wí, yí

sí

1. to, at, toward (used when movement is implied)

• ní

Compare with Itsekiri sín

sí

1. (intransitive) to be far, to be distant

sí

1. (intransitive) Negative form of wà

sì

1. and

Sì is solely used to join verbs/sentences and not nouns, for which àti is used. Additionally, when sì is used, the subject of each verb must be specified.

1. Mo jó, mo kọ́ ẹ̀kọ́, mo sì kọ lẹ́tà. – I danced, studied, and wrote a letter.
2. Wọn kò fẹ́ ṣiṣẹ́, wọn kò sì fẹ́ ṣeré. – They don't want to work or play.

From Chinese 市 (shì).

• (Standard Zhuang) IPA^(key): /θi˧˥/
• Tone numbers: si⁵
• Hyphenation: si

si (1957–1982 spelling si)

1. city

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-hjwəj-t (“blood”). Cognates include Nuosu ꌦ (sy) and Burmese သွေး (swe:).

• IPA^(key): /si˧˩/

sì

1. blood

sì

1. (intransitive) to die

• Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, pages 40, 47