en.wiktionary.org

tf - Wiktionary, the free dictionary

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

(General Alphabet of Cameroon Languages) a voiceless dental affricate (IPA [tθ]).

(Internet slang, text messaging, vulgar) Initialism of the fuck.
Alternative form: TF

tf is that?

F.T., FT, FT%, Ft, Ft., ft, ft., ft³

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /tɛf/
- Conventional anglicization: tef

f sg distal demonstrative determiner

that

This demonstrative was originally a determiner but could later be used alone, like a pronoun. When used as a determiner it follows or precedes the noun it describes.

It forms a contrastive pair with the demonstrative tn, in which tf is distal.

Old Egyptian demonstratives

	determiners	pronouns¹	adverbs
	singular	dual	plural	unmarked
	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
proximal to speaker	pn	tn	*jpnj	jptnj, jptntj	jpn	jptn	nn	—
distal	pf	tf	*jpfj	jptfj, jptftj	jpf	jptf	nf	—
proximal to spoken of	pj, pw, p	tj, tw	jpwj	jptwj, jptwtj	jpw	jptw, jptwt	nw	—
vocative	pꜣ	tꜣ	—	—	—	—	nꜣ	ꜥꜣ

¹ Unmarked for number and gender, but treated syntactically as masculine plurals when used with participles and relative forms, and as feminine singulars when referred to by resumptive pronouns.

Middle Egyptian demonstratives

	determiners and pronouns	adverbs
	singular	plural¹
	masculine	feminine
proximal	pn	tn	nn	ꜥn
distal	pf, pfꜣ	tf, tfꜣ	nf, nfꜣ	ꜥf
‘copula’ and vocative	pw, pwy	tw, twy	nw	—
anaphoric	pꜣ	tꜣ	nꜣ	ꜥꜣ

¹ Joined by n(j) to nouns they modify.

Late Egyptian demonstratives and articles

	masculine	feminine	plural
pronoun	pꜣw	dj
determiners and pronouns	pꜣj	tꜣj	nꜣj
possessive determiners¹	pꜣy	tꜣy	nꜣy
relational pronouns (‘possessive prefixes’)	p-n, pꜣ	t-nt, tꜣ	nꜣyw, nꜣ
definite articles	pꜣ	tꜣ	nꜣ²
indefinite articles	wꜥ²	nhꜣy²

¹ Used with suffix pronouns.
² Originally joined by n(j) to nouns they modify; later without it.

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of tf

tfꜣ

[since the Middle Kingdom]

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /tɛf/
- Conventional anglicization: tef

2-lit.

(intransitive) to spit (+ m: to spit (something) out) [Pyramid Texts, rarely later]

Used chiefly in the context of old religious texts, and particularly in the Heliopolitan cosmogony to describe the creation of the goddess Tefnut from Atum’s spit.

Conjugation of tf (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: tf, geminated stem: tff

infinitival forms	imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
tf	tfw, tf	tft	tf, j.tf	tf, j.tf

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²	periphrastic prospective²
tf	ḥr tf	m tf	r tf

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
aspect / mood	active
perfect	tf.n	consecutive	tf.jn
terminative	tft
perfective³	tf	obligative¹	tf.ḫr
imperfective	tf, j.tf¹
prospective³	tf	potentialis¹	tf.kꜣ
subjunctive	tf, j.tf¹

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
active	active	passive
perfect	tf.n	—	—
perfective	tf	tf	tff, tffj⁶, tf², tfw^{2 5}, tfy^{2 5}
imperfective	j.tf¹, tf, tfy, tfw⁵	j.tf¹, j.tfw^{1 5}, tf, tfj⁶, tfy⁶	tf, tfw⁵
prospective	tf, tftj⁷	tftj⁴, tft⁴

¹ Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
² Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
³ Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
⁴ Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. ⁵ Only in the masculine singular.
⁶ Only in the masculine.
⁷ Only in the feminine.

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of tf


tf	df	ṯf	tf
	[Late Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]
	in hieratic

(reconstructed) IPA^(key): /tif/ → /tif/ → /tef/ → /tef/

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /tɛf/
- Conventional anglicization: tef

spittle [Pyramid Texts]

Bohairic Coptic: ⲑⲁϥ (thaf), ⲑⲏϥ (thēf)
Sahidic Coptic: ⲧⲁϥ (taf)

James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 54–55.
Edel, Elmar (1955-1964) Altägyptische Grammatik, volume 1, Rome: Pontificium Institutum Biblicum, § 182 et seq., page 83 et seq.
Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 297.6–297.9
Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN

^ Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 42

t.f.

tf (not comparable)

Abbreviation of tillförordnad., acting (e.g. manager)

tillförordna in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)