CN102930718A - Intermittent flow path section travel time estimation method based on floating car data and coil flow fusion - Google Patents
- ️Wed Feb 13 2013
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- CN102930718A CN102930718A CN201210356324XA CN201210356324A CN102930718A CN 102930718 A CN102930718 A CN 102930718A CN 201210356324X A CN201210356324X A CN 201210356324XA CN 201210356324 A CN201210356324 A CN 201210356324A CN 102930718 A CN102930718 A CN 102930718A Authority
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种间断流路段平均行程时间估计方法，目标路段上同时具有浮动车数据和线圈流量数据，通过融合目标路段上的浮动车数据和线圈流量，对路段平均行程时间进行估计；以浮动车样本量除以线圈流量作为浮动车样本覆盖率指标，以该指标为参考，结合历史同时段数据的挖掘，确定路段平均行程时间估计值。本发明能有效融合浮动车数据和线圈流量数据，其路段行程时间估计值的准确度要优于传统浮动车路段行程时间估计值和线圈路段行程时间估计值的准确度，在智能交通服务和交通管理等方面具有重要的意义。本发明中采用的方法和技术简单易行，运行条件容易满足，易于在大中型城市中推广应用。
The invention discloses a method for estimating the average travel time of a discontinuous flow road section. The target road section has floating car data and coil flow data at the same time, and the average travel time of the road section is estimated by fusing the floating car data and coil flow data on the target road section; The floating car sample size divided by the coil flow rate is used as the floating car sample coverage index. With this index as a reference, combined with historical data mining at the same time period, the estimated value of the average travel time of the road section is determined. The present invention can effectively integrate floating car data and coil flow data, and the accuracy of the estimated travel time of the road section is better than that of the traditional floating car road section travel time estimated value and the accuracy of the coil road section travel time estimated value. Management etc. are of great significance. The method and technology adopted in the present invention are simple and easy to implement, the operating conditions are easy to meet, and it is easy to popularize and apply in large and medium-sized cities.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于智能交通技术领域，尤其涉及交通流诱导和管理领域中的行程时间估计与预测，更具体地说，涉及一种基于浮动车和流量数据融合的间断流路段行程时间估计方法。 The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent transportation, in particular to the estimation and prediction of travel time in the field of traffic flow induction and management, and more specifically, to a method for estimating the travel time of intermittent flow sections based on the fusion of floating vehicles and flow data. the
背景技术 Background technique
间断交通流（Interrupted Flow）是指交通流设施有引起交通流周期性间断的固定元素，这些元素包括交通信号、停车标志和其他类型的管制设备。不管有多少交通量存在，这些设备都会引起交通周期性停止（或显著减慢），也就是说道路上行驶的交通流因外界因素，如道路交叉口、标志或信号的原因，而停驶中断的流动体。一般来说，城市地面道路上的交通流为间断流。 Interrupted Flow means that traffic flow facilities have fixed elements that cause periodic interruptions in traffic flow. These elements include traffic signals, stop signs, and other types of control equipment. Regardless of the amount of traffic present, these devices cause traffic to stop periodically (or significantly slow down), which means that the flow of traffic on the road is interrupted by external factors, such as road intersections, signs or signals. fluid body. Generally speaking, the traffic flow on urban surface roads is discontinuous. the
行程时间预测值指下一个（多个）时段内，某路段（或路径）的行程时间，它是智能交通服务和管理中的一个重要参数，可以直接应用于路径诱导、交通控制与组织、交通状态判别等多方面。行程时间估计值指当前时段内，某路段（或路径）的行程时间，行程时间估计值是行程时间预测研究中的一个关键输入参数，因此行程时间估计具有重要的研究价值。由于间断流受到交通信号等管制设备的影响，其交通状态具有复杂多变的时空特性，因此间断流行程时间的估计一直以来都是一个研究难点。 The travel time prediction value refers to the travel time of a road section (or route) in the next (multiple) time periods. It is an important parameter in intelligent transportation service and management, and can be directly applied to route guidance, traffic control and organization, traffic Status discrimination and many other aspects. Estimated value of travel time refers to the travel time of a road segment (or route) in the current period. The estimated value of travel time is a key input parameter in the study of travel time prediction, so travel time estimation has important research value. Since discontinuous flow is affected by control equipment such as traffic signals, its traffic state has complex and variable spatio-temporal characteristics, so the estimation of discontinuous flow travel time has always been a research difficulty. the
浮动车（Floating Car），也被称作“探测车（Probe car）”，是近年来国际智能交通系统（ITS）中采用的获取道路交通信息的先进技术手段之一。浮动车数据采集技术具有安装成本低、维护简易、高效、实时、自动化水平高、检测参数全面等优点，得到大量推广应用。目前各大城市都建立了ITS平台并配置了大量的基于出租车或公交车的浮动车设备，其采集到的交通信息数据可以应用于间断流平均行程时间估计。其基本原理是：在浮动车上配备GPS接收装置，以一定的采样间隔记录车辆的三维位置坐标和时间数据，这些数据传入计算机后与地理信息系统（GIS）的电子地图相结合，经过重迭分析计算出车辆的瞬时速度及其所经过道路的行程时间和行程速度等交通拥堵信息。如果在城市中部署足够数量的浮动车，并将这些浮动车的位置数据通过无线通讯系统定期、实时地传输到一个信息处理中心，由信息中心综合处理，就可以获得整个城市内间断流的动态、实时的道路的行程时间和行程速度等交通拥堵信息。 Floating Car, also known as "Probe car", is one of the advanced technical means to obtain road traffic information adopted in the international intelligent transportation system (ITS) in recent years. Floating car data acquisition technology has the advantages of low installation cost, simple maintenance, high efficiency, real-time, high level of automation, comprehensive detection parameters, etc., and has been widely popularized and applied. At present, major cities have established ITS platforms and configured a large number of floating vehicle equipment based on taxis or buses. The traffic information data collected by them can be used to estimate the average travel time of discontinuous flows. The basic principle is: equip the floating vehicle with a GPS receiving device, record the three-dimensional position coordinates and time data of the vehicle at a certain sampling interval, and these data are transmitted to the computer and combined with the electronic map of the geographic information system (GIS). Iterative analysis calculates traffic congestion information such as the instantaneous speed of the vehicle and the travel time and travel speed of the road it passes through. If a sufficient number of floating vehicles are deployed in the city, and the location data of these floating vehicles are regularly and real-time transmitted to an information processing center through the wireless communication system, and the information center comprehensively processes it, the dynamics of the intermittent flow in the entire city can be obtained. , Real-time road travel time and travel speed and other traffic congestion information. the
传统的浮动车路段平均行程时间进行估计方法为：首先估计每辆浮动车样本的路段行程时间，然后对浮动车全体样本的行程时间进行算术平均得到路段平均行程时间。在间断流上，浮动车样本量具有很大的时空分布不均匀性，因此，在很多时段内路段上的浮动车样本量很小，导致浮动车路段平均行程时间估计值的误差很大。 The traditional method for estimating the average travel time of a floating vehicle section is as follows: first estimate the section travel time of each floating vehicle sample, and then calculate the arithmetic average of the travel time of all samples of floating vehicles to obtain the average travel time of the section. On discontinuous flow, the sample size of floating cars has a large spatio-temporal distribution inhomogeneity. Therefore, the sample size of floating cars on road sections in many time periods is small, resulting in a large error in the estimated value of the average travel time of floating car sections. the
与浮动车数据不同，线圈数据是一种断面数据（包括断面流量、断面占有率、断面瞬时速度等信息），单纯依靠线圈数据无法准确估计路段行程时间。 Different from floating car data, coil data is a kind of cross-section data (including cross-section flow, cross-section occupancy rate, cross-section instantaneous speed and other information), and it is impossible to accurately estimate the travel time of a road section solely relying on coil data. the
目前，我国大中城市普遍采用的线圈数据采集系统主要包括SCATS和SCOOT两种。 At present, the coil data acquisition systems commonly used in large and medium-sized cities in my country mainly include SCATS and SCOOT. the
SCATS（Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System:悉尼协调自适应交通系统）是由澳大利亚新南威尔士道路和交通局（RTA）于20世纪70年代末研制成功的。从1980年起陆续在悉尼等城市安装使用。目前，世界上大约有50个城市正在运行SCATS系统，我国的上海、沈阳、杭州、南京、广州市等城市也使用了SCATS系统。其中，SCATS检测器安装在停车线。 SCATS (Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System: Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System) was successfully developed by the Roads and Transport Authority (RTA) of New South Wales, Australia in the late 1970s. Since 1980, it has been installed and used in cities such as Sydney. At present, about 50 cities in the world are running the SCATS system, and my country's Shanghai, Shenyang, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Guangzhou and other cities have also used the SCATS system. Among them, the SCATS detector is installed at the stop line. the
SCOOT(Split Cycle Offset Optimizing Technique)，即绿信比、周期、相位差优化技 术，作为UTC软件的加模块，在UTC系统的基础上实现真正的实时自适应交通控制系统。二十世纪80年代初引入中国，成都、大连、北京等城市用SCOOT，其中，SCOOT检测器的环形线圈埋设在上游交叉路口的出口。 SCOOT (Split Cycle Offset Optimizing Technique), that is, green signal ratio, cycle, and phase difference optimization technology, as a module of UTC software, realizes a real real-time adaptive traffic control system on the basis of UTC system. Introduced into China in the early 1980s, Chengdu, Dalian, Beijing and other cities use SCOOT, wherein the ring coil of the SCOOT detector is buried at the exit of the upstream intersection. the
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是解决现有技术存在的缺陷和不足，基于浮动车数据和SCATS流量数据，引入浮动车样本覆盖率指标，以该指标为参考指标，挖掘历史数据，提出一种基于浮动车和线圈数据融合的间断流路段行程时间估计方法。 The purpose of the present invention is to solve the defects and deficiencies in the prior art. Based on the floating car data and SCATS flow data, introduce the floating car sample coverage index, use this index as a reference index, dig historical data, and propose a method based on floating car and SCATS flow data. Coil Data Fusion for Travel Time Estimation on Intermittent Flow Segments. the
本发明的解决方案是： The solution of the present invention is:
一种间断流路段平均行程时间估计方法，目标路段上同时具有浮动车数据和线圈流量数据，通过融合目标路段上的浮动车数据和线圈流量，对路段平均行程时间进行估计； A method for estimating the average travel time of a discontinuous flow road section. The target road section has floating car data and coil flow data at the same time. By fusing the floating car data and coil flow data on the target road section, the average travel time of the road section is estimated;
以浮动车样本量除以线圈流量作为浮动车样本覆盖率指标，以该指标为参考确定路段平均行程时间估计值。 The floating car sample size divided by the coil flow rate is used as the floating car sample coverage index, and the estimated value of the average travel time of the road section is determined with this index as a reference. the
进一步，以浮动车样本覆盖率为参考确定路段平均行程时间估计是指： Further, the average travel time estimation of the road section is determined by reference to the coverage rate of the floating car sample refers to:
假如浮动车样本覆盖率大于等于5%，则利用当前浮动车数据进行路段平均行程时间估计； If the floating car sample coverage rate is greater than or equal to 5%, use the current floating car data to estimate the average travel time of the road section;
假如浮动车样本覆盖率小于5%，挖掘当前路段、历史同时段的数据（包括浮动车数据和线圈数据），找到一个具有最大浮动车样本覆盖率的时段，把该时段的浮动车路段平均行程时间估计值当作是当前时段的路段平均行程时间估计值。 If the floating car sample coverage rate is less than 5%, mine the data of the current road section and the same historical period (including floating car data and coil data), find a time period with the largest floating car sample coverage rate, and calculate the average trip of the floating car road section in this period The time estimate is taken as an estimate of the average travel time of the link for the current time period. the
采用直接法估计当前时段内通过目标路段每辆浮动车的行程时间，然后把所有浮动车样本的行程时间进行算术平均得到路段平均行程时间估计值。 The direct method is used to estimate the travel time of each floating car passing through the target road section in the current period, and then the travel time of all floating car samples is arithmetically averaged to obtain the estimated value of the average travel time of the road section. the
所述直接法利用路段边界两侧GPS定位点的位置坐标，采用内插的方式估算车辆经过路段边界的时刻，进而计算单辆浮动车的路段行程时间。 The direct method utilizes the position coordinates of the GPS positioning points on both sides of the boundary of the road section, uses an interpolation method to estimate the moment when the vehicle passes the boundary of the road section, and then calculates the road section travel time of a single floating vehicle. the
所述的间断流路段平均行程时间估计方法包括如下步骤： The method for estimating the average travel time of the discontinuous flow road section comprises the following steps:
（1）对路段每个时段内采集到的浮动车样本量和线圈流量进行统计，假如时段iC内的浮动车样本量为
（2）假如时段iC内浮动车样本覆盖率大于等于5%，则利用该时段内的浮动车样本数据进行平均行程时间估计； (2) If the floating car sample coverage rate in time period i C is greater than or equal to 5%, use the floating car sample data in this period to estimate the average travel time;
（3）假如时段iC内浮动车样本覆盖率小于5%，挖掘当前路段、历史同时段的数据（浮动车和线圈数据），找到一个具有最大浮动车样本覆盖率的时段，把该时段的浮动车平均行程时间估计值当作时段iC的平均行程时间估计值。 (3) If the sample coverage rate of floating cars in time period i C is less than 5%, dig out the data (floating car and coil data) of the current road section and the same period of history, find a time period with the largest sample coverage rate of floating cars, and put the The estimated value of the average travel time of the floating car is taken as the estimated value of the average travel time of the period i C.
所述步骤（1）包括： The step (1) includes:
①修正GIS地图坐标； ① Correct GIS map coordinates;
②预处理浮动车数据； ②Preprocessing floating car data;
其中包括： These include:
a)数据清洗：数据清理例程试图填充缺失的值，光滑噪声并识别离群点，纠正数据中的不一致； a) Data Cleaning: Data cleaning routines attempt to fill in missing values, smooth noise and identify outliers, correcting inconsistencies in the data;
b)数据转换：将数据转换或统一成适合于挖掘的形式； b) Data conversion: convert or unify data into a form suitable for mining;
③把浮动车数据匹配到GIS地图上； ③ Match the floating car data to the GIS map;
④提取浮动车样本量； ④ Extract the sample size of the floating car;
其中包括： These include:
a)选取满足直接法估计条件的浮动车GPS点对； a) Select the GPS point pairs of the floating car that meet the estimation conditions of the direct method;
b)统计这些GPS点对的数量。 b) Count the number of these GPS point pairs. the
由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明能有效融合浮动车数据和线圈流量数据，其路段行程时间估计值的准确度要优于传统浮动车路段行程时间估计值和线圈路段行程时间估计值的准 确度，在智能交通服务和交通管理等方面具有重要的意义。本发明中采用的方法和技术简单易行，运行条件容易满足，易于在大中型城市中推广应用。 Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention can effectively integrate the data of the floating car and the flow data of the coil, and the accuracy of the estimated travel time of the road section is better than that of the estimated travel time of the traditional floating car road section and the estimated value of the travel time of the coil road section. It is of great significance in intelligent transportation services and traffic management. The method and technology adopted in the present invention are simple and easy to implement, the operating conditions are easy to meet, and it is easy to popularize and apply in large and medium-sized cities. the
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明的方法流程示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention. the
图2是路段行程时间估计直接法示意图。 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the direct method for road segment travel time estimation. the
图3是路段的定义示意图。 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the definition of road segments. the
图4是SCATS下的线圈检测器布设示意图。 Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of coil detector layout under SCATS. the
图5是目标路段的上游交叉口示意图。 Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the upstream intersection of the target road section. the
图6是目标路段的下游交叉口示意图。 Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the downstream intersection of the target road segment. the
图7是SCOOT下的线圈检测器布设图。 Figure 7 is a layout diagram of the coil detector under SCOOT. the
图8是目标路段的上游交叉口示意图。 Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an upstream intersection of a target road section. the
图9是目标路段的下游交叉口示意图。 Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the downstream intersection of the target road section. the
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面进一步阐述本发明。 In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further elaborated below. the
本发明所使用的单车浮动车行程时间估计方法是“直接法”。 The single-vehicle floating vehicle travel time estimation method used in the present invention is "direct method". the
传统的浮动车路段平均行程时间进行估计方法为：首先利用直接法估计每辆浮动车样本的路段行程时间，然后对浮动车全体样本的行程时间进行算术平均得到路段平均行程时间。 The traditional method for estimating the average travel time of the floating vehicle section is as follows: firstly, the direct method is used to estimate the section travel time of each floating vehicle sample, and then the average travel time of the section is obtained by arithmetically averaging the travel time of all samples of floating vehicles. the
直接法的基本原理是利用路段边界两侧GPS定位点的位置坐标，采用内插的方式估算车辆经过路段边界的时刻，进而计算单车路段行程时间（见图2）。该方法假设在路段边界两侧GPS定位点之间车辆是匀速行驶的。 The basic principle of the direct method is to use the position coordinates of GPS positioning points on both sides of the road boundary, and use interpolation to estimate the moment when the vehicle passes the road boundary, and then calculate the single-vehicle road travel time (see Figure 2). This method assumes that the vehicle is traveling at a constant speed between the GPS positioning points on both sides of the road boundary. the
假设车辆在相邻GPS定位点之间保持匀速直线行驶，可以按照下式来计算路段断面的通过时刻： Assuming that the vehicle keeps driving in a straight line at a constant speed between adjacent GPS positioning points, the passage time of the road section can be calculated according to the following formula:
tt == LL (( tt )) tt (( tt -- kk (( tt )) )) ++ LL (( tt -- kk (( tt )) )) tt (( tt )) LL (( tt )) ++ LL (( tt -- kk (( tt )) ))
式中：t为路段断面通过时刻；t(t)、t(t-k(t))为路段断面两侧浮动车点的定位时刻；L(t)、L(t-k(t))为路段断面两侧浮动车点与路段断面之间的距离。 In the formula: t is the passing time of the road section; t(t) and t(t-k(t)) are the positioning moments of the floating vehicle points on both sides of the road section; L(t) and L(t-k(t)) are the two The distance between the side floating car point and the road section. the
一种基于浮动车和线圈数据融合的间断流路段行程时间估计方法，包括如下步骤： A method for estimating the travel time of discontinuous flow sections based on data fusion of floating cars and coils, including the following steps:
（1）对路段每个时段内采集到的浮动车样本量和线圈流量进行统计，假如时段iC内的浮动车样本量为 线圈流量为 则时段iC的浮动车样本覆盖率为
①修正GIS地图坐标。 ① Correct GIS map coordinates. the
②预处理浮动车数据。 ②Preprocess the floating car data. the
数据预处理是指在主要的处理以前对数据进行的一些处理。数据预处理的主要任务有： Data preprocessing refers to some processing of data before the main processing. The main tasks of data preprocessing are:
a)数据清洗。现实世界的数据一般是不完整的、有噪声的和不一致的。数据清理例程试图填充缺失的值，光滑噪声并识别离群点，纠正数据中的不一致。 a) Data cleaning. Real-world data is generally incomplete, noisy, and inconsistent. Data cleaning routines attempt to fill in missing values, smooth noise and identify outliers, correcting inconsistencies in the data. the
b)数据转换。数据变换是指将数据转换或统一成适合于挖掘的形式。 b) Data conversion. Data transformation refers to converting or unifying data into a form suitable for mining. the
③把浮动车数据匹配到GIS地图上。 ③ Match the floating car data to the GIS map. the
④提取浮动车样本量。该技术的实现分为以下2个步骤： ④ Extract the sample size of the floating car. The realization of this technology is divided into the following two steps:
a)选取满足直接法估计条件的浮动车GPS点对； a) Select the GPS point pairs of the floating car that meet the estimation conditions of the direct method;
b)统计这些GPS点对的数量。 b) Count the number of these GPS point pairs. the
（2）假如时段iC内浮动车样本覆盖率大于等于5%，则利用该时段内的浮动车样本数据进行平均行程时间估计。 (2) If the floating car sample coverage rate in period i C is greater than or equal to 5%, use the floating car sample data in this period to estimate the average travel time.
（3）假如时段iC内浮动车样本覆盖率小于5%，挖掘当前路段、历史同时段的数据（浮动车和线圈数据），找到一个具有最大浮动车样本覆盖率的时段，把该时段的浮动车平均行程时间估计值当作时段iC的平均行程时间估计值。 (3) If the sample coverage rate of floating cars in time period i C is less than 5%, dig out the data (floating car and coil data) of the current road section and the same period of history, find a time period with the largest sample coverage rate of floating cars, and put the The estimated value of the average travel time of the floating car is taken as the estimated value of the average travel time of the period i C.
本发明方法所涉及的几个环节： Several links involved in the inventive method:
A．路段的定义：本发明所定义的路段为两交叉口之间的有向路段。选取上游交叉口出口处距离出口断面15米的位置作为路段的起始位置，下游交叉口出口处距离出口断面15米的位置作为路段的终止位置，见图3。其中，下游交叉口的延误也被包括在该路段的行程时间内。 A． Definition of road section: the road section defined in the present invention is a directed road section between two intersections. The position at the exit of the upstream intersection 15 meters away from the exit section is selected as the starting position of the road section, and the position at the exit of the downstream intersection 15 meters away from the exit section is taken as the end position of the road section, as shown in Figure 3. Among them, the delay at the downstream intersection is also included in the travel time of this road segment. the
B．地图坐标的匹配和修正是指用于计算的电子地图坐标系与GPS坐标系可能不同，需要进行实地测试或采用其他方式将两坐标系进行转换，必要时对电子地图进行修正。 B． The matching and correction of map coordinates means that the electronic map coordinate system used for calculation may be different from the GPS coordinate system, and it is necessary to conduct field tests or use other methods to convert the two coordinate systems, and correct the electronic map if necessary. the
C．GPS原始数据预处理：目的是筛除其中的异常数据，例如，浮动车数据中某些数据速度值异常高或小于0；某些数据经纬度信息在一段时间内保持不变，但速度不为0；某些数据方向角异常。对这些异常数据的处理直接影响着路段行程时间估计的准确性。 C． GPS raw data preprocessing: the purpose is to screen out abnormal data, for example, some data speed values in the floating car data are abnormally high or less than 0; some data latitude and longitude information remains unchanged for a period of time, but the speed is not 0 ; Certain data orientation angles are abnormal. The processing of these abnormal data directly affects the accuracy of road segment travel time estimation. the
D．线圈流量原始数据预处理：目的是筛除其中的异常数据，例如，线圈流量原始数据中某些流量值异常高或为0，或者一直显示为某一数字或代码。对这些异常数据的处理直接影响着路段行程时间估计的准确性。 D． Coil flow raw data preprocessing: the purpose is to filter out abnormal data, for example, some flow values in the coil flow raw data are abnormally high or 0, or are always displayed as a certain number or code. The processing of these abnormal data directly affects the accuracy of road segment travel time estimation. the
E．GPS\GIS地图匹配将浮动车发送的GPS数据与GIS道路信息数据进行比较，用特定的算法判断出浮动车在路网上最有可能的位置，并将此浮动车数据匹配到这个路段，使每一条浮动车数据属于唯一路段。 E． GPS\GIS map matching compares the GPS data sent by the floating car with the GIS road information data, uses a specific algorithm to determine the most likely position of the floating car on the road network, and matches the data of the floating car to this road section, so that every A floating car data belongs to the only road segment. the
F．时段：该方法所指“时段”是行程时间的发布间隔，该长度可根据系统的实际应用需求以及其软硬件配套设施水平来确定。 F． Time period: The "time period" referred to in this method is the release interval of travel time, which can be determined according to the actual application requirements of the system and the level of its hardware and software facilities. the
对SCATS系统来说，该线圈流量是目标路段下游交叉口进口道处线圈检测器组检测到的流量（见图4-6所示，4号检测器组检测到的流量就是“步骤1”中所谓的线圈流量）。对SCOOT系统来说，该线圈流量是目标路段上游交叉口出口道断面处线圈检测器组检测到的流量（见图7-9所示，4号检测器组检测到的流量就是“步骤1”中所谓的线圈流量）。 For the SCATS system, the coil flow rate is the flow rate detected by the coil detector group at the entrance road of the downstream intersection of the target section (see Figure 4-6, the flow rate detected by the No. 4 detector group is the flow rate detected in "step 1") so-called coil flow). For the SCOOT system, the coil flow rate is the flow rate detected by the coil detector group at the exit section of the upstream intersection of the target road section (see Figure 7-9, the flow rate detected by the No. 4 detector group is "step 1" so-called coil flow). the
以南京市和北京市为背景，对本发明进行具体应用阐述。 Taking Nanjing and Beijing as the background, the specific application of the present invention is described. the
（1）南京市 (1) Nanjing City
南京市采用的SCATS信号控制系统，以南京市中山路南北向的道路（介于长江路与汉中路之间）作为实际应用路段，利用本发明估计该路段平均行程时间的步骤如下： The SCATS signal control system adopted by Nanjing City takes the north-south road of Zhongshan Road in Nanjing (between Changjiang Road and Hanzhong Road) as the actual application road section, and the steps of using the present invention to estimate the average travel time of this road section are as follows:
（a）确定路段的边界和范围。该路段为中山路—长江路和中山路—汉中路两交叉口之间的有向路段，其中的路段行程时间还包括中山路-长江路交叉口的信号控制延误。 (a) Determine the boundary and extent of the road segment. This road section is a directional road section between the two intersections of Zhongshan Road-Changjiang Road and Zhongshan Road-Hanzhong Road, and the travel time of the road section also includes the signal control delay at the intersection of Zhongshan Road-Changjiang Road. the
（b）统计该路段时段iC内（时段长度根据实际需要自己确定）采集到的浮动车样本量
（c）统计该路段下游交叉口（中山路-长江路交叉口）进口道停车线处的线圈检测器组检测到的、时段iC内的车流量
（d）计算得到时段iC内的浮动车样本覆盖率为
（e）假如时段iC内的浮动车样本覆盖率
（f）浮动车平均行程时间估计公式如下： (f) The estimated formula for the average travel time of the floating car is as follows:
TT ‾‾ ii cc == ΣΣ jj == 11 nno ii cc tt jj
其中，tj为该路段第j辆车的行程时间。 Among them, t j is the travel time of the jth car on the road section.
（g）假如时段iC内浮动车样本覆盖率
（h）imax的确定方法如下： (h) The determination method of i max is as follows:
nno ii maxmax NN ii maxmax == maxmax (( nno ii hh NN ii hh ))
其中，ih为历史同时段（与iC同时段）。 Among them, i h is the same period of history (the same period as i C ).
（i）把imax时段的浮动车平均行程时间估计值当作时段iC的平均行程时间估计值。 (i) Take the estimated value of the average travel time of the floating car during the period i max as the estimated value of the average travel time of the period i C .
（2）北京市 (2) Beijing
北京采用的是SCOOT信号控制系统，以北京市朝阳门内大街东西向的道路（介于朝阳门南小街与朝阳门南大街之间）作为实际应用路段，利用本发明估计该路段平均行程时间的步骤如下： What Beijing adopts is the SCOOT signal control system, and the east-west road of Chaoyangmen Inner Street in Beijing (between Chaoyangmen South Street and Chaoyangmen South Street) is used as the actual application road section, and the average travel time of this road section is estimated by using the present invention Proceed as follows:
（a）确定路段的边界和范围。该路段为朝阳门内大街—朝阳门南小街和朝阳门内大街—朝阳门南大街两交叉口之间的有向路段，其中的路段行程时间还包括朝阳门内大街—朝阳门南小街交叉口的信号控制延误。 (a) Determine the boundary and extent of the road segment. This road section is a directed road section between Chaoyangmen Inner Street-Chaoyangmen South Street and Chaoyangmen Inner Street-Chaoyangmen South Street intersection, and the travel time of the road section also includes the intersection of Chaoyangmen Inner Street-Chaoyangmen South Street signal control delays. the
（b）统计该路段时段iC内（时段长度根据实际需要自己确定）采集到的浮动车样本量
（c）统计该路段上游交叉口（朝阳门内大街—朝阳门南大街交叉口）出口道处的线圈检测器组检测到的、时段iC内的车流量
（d）计算得到时段iC内的浮动车样本覆盖率为
（e）假如时段iC内的浮动车样本覆盖率
（f）浮动车平均行程时间估计公式如下： (f) The estimated formula for the average travel time of the floating car is as follows:
TT ‾‾ ii cc == ΣΣ jj == 11 nno ii cc tt jj
其中，tj为该路段第j辆车的行程时间。 Among them, t j is the travel time of the jth car on the road section.
（g）假如时段iC内浮动车样本覆盖率
（h）imax的确定方法如下： (h) The determination method of i max is as follows:
nno ii maxmax NN ii maxmax == maxmax (( nno ii hh NN ii hh ))
其中，ih为历史同时段（与iC同时段）。 Among them, i h is the same period of history (the same period as i C ).
（i）把imax时段的浮动车平均行程时间估计值当作时段iC的平均行程时间估计值。 (i) Take the estimated value of the average travel time of the floating car during the period i max as the estimated value of the average travel time of the period i C .
上述的对实施例的描述是为便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和应用本发明。熟悉本领域技术的人员显然可以容易地对这些实施例做出各种修改，并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此，本发明不限于这里的实施例，本领域技术人员根据本发明的揭示，不脱离本发明范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。 The above description of the embodiments is for those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and apply the present invention. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments, and apply the general principles described here to other embodiments without creative efforts. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments herein. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention. the
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