CN103075488B - The transmission device of adjustable transmission distance - Google Patents

本发明公开了一种可调节传动距的传动装置，包括一段主动圆柱轴、至少一段主动异形轴、保持架、第二传动轴；所述从所述主动圆柱轴通过一个动力输入机构与动力源连接；所述主动异形轴上套装有第一阶梯轴，该阶梯轴通过传动机构与负载连接；至少一个所述第二传动轴通过传动机构与所述主动异形轴连接；所述保持架连接所述第一阶梯轴和所述第二传动轴，使得第一阶梯轴随着第二传动轴的移动而沿着所述主动异形轴进行轴线移动；通过改变所述第一阶梯轴在主动异形轴上套装的相对位置，改变第二传动轴和动力输入机构之间的相对距离。

The invention discloses a transmission device with adjustable transmission distance, which comprises a section of active cylindrical shaft, at least one section of active special-shaped shaft, a cage, and a second transmission shaft; the driving cylindrical shaft passes through a power input mechanism and a power source connection; the first stepped shaft is sleeved on the active special-shaped shaft, and the stepped shaft is connected to the load through a transmission mechanism; at least one of the second transmission shafts is connected to the active special-shaped shaft through a transmission mechanism; the cage is connected to the The first stepped shaft and the second transmission shaft, so that the first stepped shaft moves along the axis of the active special-shaped shaft with the movement of the second transmission shaft; by changing the first stepped shaft on the active special-shaped shaft The relative position of the upper sleeve changes the relative distance between the second transmission shaft and the power input mechanism.

可调节传动距的传动装置Transmission with adjustable transmission pitch

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及机械传动，特别是指一种可调节传动距的传动装置。The invention relates to mechanical transmission, in particular to a transmission device with adjustable transmission distance.

背景技术Background technique

机械传动在机械工程中应用非常广泛，主要是指利用机械方式传递动力和运动；连接动力源的主动件，连接主动件和中间件的中间件，连接负载的从动件是机械传动装置常见的基本组成结构。机械传动的一种常见的种类是，动力源依靠主动件输入动力，依靠一个传递动力或运动的机构作为传动装置向从动件传递动力或运动，从而将运动或动力传递到负载。在主动件依靠传动装置向从动件传递动力或运动时，一般要求动力传递部件具有较高的传动精度和较为准确的传动比。Mechanical transmission is widely used in mechanical engineering, mainly referring to the use of mechanical means to transmit power and motion; the active part connected to the power source, the middle part connected to the active part and the middle part, and the driven part connected to the load are common mechanical transmission devices Basic composition structure. A common type of mechanical transmission is that the power source relies on the input power of the active part, and relies on a mechanism that transmits power or motion as a transmission device to transmit power or motion to the driven part, thereby transmitting the motion or power to the load. When the active part relies on the transmission device to transmit power or motion to the driven part, the power transmission parts are generally required to have high transmission accuracy and relatively accurate transmission ratio.

现有技术的机械传动装置，一般是主动件和从动件之间的相对距离固定；若不改变传动装置的结构，就无法改变传动装置主动部分与从动部分之间的相对距离，其动力源在传动装置上连接的位置与负载在传动装置上连接的位置之间的相对距离无法改变。当负载和动力源之间的相对距离发生变化时，或在传输的过程中负载和动力源相对运动的情况下，现有机械传动装置难以满足距离变化的传动要求。In the mechanical transmission device of the prior art, the relative distance between the active part and the driven part is generally fixed; if the structure of the transmission device is not changed, the relative distance between the active part and the driven part of the transmission device cannot be changed. The relative distance between where the source is connected on the transmission and where the load is connected on the transmission cannot be changed. When the relative distance between the load and the power source changes, or when the load and the power source move relatively during transmission, it is difficult for the existing mechanical transmission device to meet the transmission requirements of the distance change.

发明内容Contents of the invention

有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提出一种可调节传动距的传动装置。该传动装置具有相对距离可调节的动力输入部分与动力输出部分。In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a transmission device with adjustable transmission pitch. The transmission device has a power input part and a power output part whose relative distance can be adjusted.

基于上述目的本发明提供的可调节传动距的传动装置，包括一段主动圆柱轴、至少一段主动异形轴、保持架、第二传动轴；所述主动圆柱轴通过一个动力输入机构与动力源连接；所述主动异形轴上套装有第一阶梯轴，该阶梯轴通过传动机构与负载连接；至少一个所述第二传动轴通过传动机构与所述主动异形轴连接；所述保持架连接所述第一阶梯轴和所述第二传动轴，使得所述第一阶梯轴随着所述第二传动轴的移动而沿着所述主动异形轴进行轴线移动；通过改变所述第一阶梯轴在所述主动异形轴上套装的相对位置，改变所述第二传动轴和动力输入机构之间的相对距离。Based on the above purpose, the transmission device with adjustable transmission distance provided by the present invention includes a section of active cylindrical shaft, at least one section of active special-shaped shaft, a cage, and a second transmission shaft; the active cylindrical shaft is connected to a power source through a power input mechanism; The first stepped shaft is sleeved on the active special-shaped shaft, and the stepped shaft is connected to the load through a transmission mechanism; at least one second transmission shaft is connected to the active special-shaped shaft through a transmission mechanism; the cage is connected to the first A stepped shaft and the second transmission shaft, so that the first stepped shaft moves axially along the active profiled shaft with the movement of the second transmission shaft; by changing the first stepped shaft in the The relative position of the casing on the active special-shaped shaft changes the relative distance between the second transmission shaft and the power input mechanism.

可选的，所述主动圆柱轴和主动异形轴为一个主动传动轴上的两个部分；该主动传动轴包括至少一段主动圆柱轴、至少一段主动异形轴、至少一段固定圆柱轴；所述第一传动轴的主动圆柱轴和固定圆柱轴分别通过固定架固定在一个固定板上；至少一个所述第二传动轴穿过所述固定架上相应的开口与所述套装在主动异形轴上的第一阶梯轴连接。Optionally, the active cylindrical shaft and the active special-shaped shaft are two parts on one active transmission shaft; the active transmission shaft includes at least one section of active cylindrical shaft, at least one section of active special-shaped shaft, and at least one section of fixed cylindrical shaft; the first The active cylindrical shaft and the fixed cylindrical shaft of a transmission shaft are respectively fixed on a fixed plate through a fixed frame; at least one of the second transmission shafts passes through the corresponding opening on the fixed frame and is sleeved on the active special-shaped shaft. First step shaft connection.

可选的，还包括丝杠、可移动块；所述可移动块上设置有螺纹孔，与所述保持架固定连接，并可以在所述固定板上设置的相应滑道内滑动；所述丝杠固定于所述固定板上，并与所述可移动块连接，在一个驱动装置的驱动下，电机驱动所述丝杠使得可移动块推动保持架4，使得所述第二传动轴在所述开口中移动。Optionally, it also includes a lead screw and a movable block; the movable block is provided with a threaded hole, which is fixedly connected with the holder, and can slide in a corresponding slideway provided on the fixed plate; the wire The bar is fixed on the fixed plate and connected with the movable block. Driven by a driving device, the motor drives the lead screw so that the movable block pushes the cage 4, so that the second transmission shaft move through the opening.

可选的，所述固定板上设置有多个槽孔，所述槽孔与所述螺纹孔相一致。Optionally, a plurality of slotted holes are arranged on the fixing plate, and the slotted holes are consistent with the threaded holes.

可选的，还包括至少一个第三传动轴，所述第三传动轴通过传动机构与所述第一主动圆柱轴连接，并通过轴承在该固定板上相应的轴承孔处与所述固定板连接。Optionally, at least one third transmission shaft is also included, the third transmission shaft is connected to the first driving cylindrical shaft through a transmission mechanism, and is connected to the fixed plate at the corresponding bearing hole on the fixed plate through a bearing connect.

可选的，还包括一个定位架，所述定位架固定于所述固定板上；所述第三传动轴通过轴承在该定位架上相应的轴承孔处与所述定位架连接。Optionally, a positioning frame is also included, the positioning frame is fixed on the fixing plate; the third transmission shaft is connected to the positioning frame at a corresponding bearing hole on the positioning frame through a bearing.

可选的，所述第三传动轴包括至少一段从动圆柱轴和至少一段从动异形轴；所述从动圆柱轴通过传动机构连接所述主动圆柱轴，以机械传动的方式传递动力或运动；所述从动异形轴上套装有第三阶梯轴；所述第三阶梯轴连接负载。Optionally, the third transmission shaft includes at least one section of driven cylindrical shaft and at least one section of driven special-shaped shaft; the driven cylindrical shaft is connected to the driving cylindrical shaft through a transmission mechanism to transmit power or motion in the form of mechanical transmission ; The driven special-shaped shaft is fitted with a third stepped shaft; the third stepped shaft is connected to the load.

可选的，所述第二传动轴包括至少一段从动圆柱轴和至少一段从动异形轴；所述从动圆柱轴通过机械机构连接所述第一阶梯轴；所述从动异形轴上套装有第二阶梯轴；所述第二阶梯轴连接负载。Optionally, the second transmission shaft includes at least one section of driven cylindrical shaft and at least one section of driven special-shaped shaft; the driven cylindrical shaft is connected to the first stepped shaft through a mechanical mechanism; There is a second stepped shaft; the second stepped shaft connects the load.

可选的，所述主动异形轴的截面为齿形；所述第一阶梯轴的截面与所述主动异形轴配合。Optionally, the section of the active special-shaped shaft is tooth-shaped; the section of the first stepped shaft matches the active special-shaped shaft.

可选的，所述传动机构通过齿轮传动、带轮传动、链轮传动或蜗轮蜗杆传动传递动力或运动。Optionally, the transmission mechanism transmits power or motion through gear transmission, pulley transmission, sprocket transmission or worm gear transmission.

从上面所述可以看出，本发明提供的可调节传动距的传动装置，采用简易的结构，易于组装，其动力输入部分和动力输出部分之间的相对距离可调节。从而在动力源与负载相对距离可变的情况下，本发明的传动装置也能够进行动力或运动的传递。It can be seen from the above that the transmission device with adjustable transmission distance provided by the present invention adopts a simple structure and is easy to assemble, and the relative distance between its power input part and power output part can be adjusted. Therefore, under the condition that the relative distance between the power source and the load is variable, the transmission device of the present invention can also transmit power or motion.

同时，本发明提供的可调节传动距的传动装置，采用特殊的轴结构和丝杠等装置，具有较好的传动精度。At the same time, the transmission device with adjustable transmission distance provided by the present invention adopts special shaft structure and lead screw and other devices, and has better transmission precision.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明实施例的可调节传动距的传动装置总结构示意图；1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a transmission device with adjustable transmission distance according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图2为本发明实施例的第一传动轴部分的示意图；Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the first transmission shaft part of the embodiment of the present invention;

图3为本发明实施例的第二传动轴示意图；Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the second transmission shaft of the embodiment of the present invention;

图4为本发明实施例的第二传动轴的A处局部结构示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure at A of the second transmission shaft according to the embodiment of the present invention;

图5为本发明实施例的第二阶梯轴示意图；Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the second stepped axis of the embodiment of the present invention;

图6为本发明实施例的保持架处局部结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a cage according to an embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，以下结合具体实施例，并参照附图，对本发明进一步详细说明。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

本发明所提供的可调节传动距的传动装置，包括主动连接机构、从动部分。主动部分与从动部分之间通过齿轮、带轮、链轮、蜗轮等传动机构进行动力传递或运动传递。The transmission device with adjustable transmission distance provided by the present invention includes an active connection mechanism and a driven part. Power transmission or motion transmission is carried out between the driving part and the driven part through gears, pulleys, sprockets, worm gears and other transmission mechanisms.

图1为本发明实施例的可调节传动距的传动装置总结构示意图，展示了本发明实施例的传动装置结构，包括第一传动轴1、固定架2、动力输入机构3、保持架4、第一阶梯轴5、第一锥齿轮6、第二传动轴7、第二阶梯轴8、固定螺钉9、可移动块10、固定板11、定位架12、第三传动轴13、第三阶梯轴14、第二锥齿轮15。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a transmission device with adjustable transmission distance according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the structure of the transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a first transmission shaft 1, a fixed frame 2, a power input mechanism 3, a cage 4, The first stepped shaft 5, the first bevel gear 6, the second transmission shaft 7, the second stepped shaft 8, the fixing screw 9, the movable block 10, the fixed plate 11, the positioning frame 12, the third transmission shaft 13, the third step Shaft 14, second bevel gear 15.

其中，第一传动轴1设置于固定架2上，该第一传动轴1两端为圆柱轴，中部为异形轴；作为一个实施例，第一传动轴1一端的圆柱轴其长度大于另一端的圆柱轴长度，其中较长的圆柱轴部分称为主动圆柱轴，较短的圆柱轴部分称为定位圆柱轴。固定架2固定于一个固定板11上；在本实施例中，固定架2设有3个，分别设置于第一传动轴1上的主动圆柱轴两端和定位圆柱轴上。第一传动轴1通过轴承固定于固定架2上相应的轴承孔中，从而第一传动轴1能够与固定架2相对转动。动力输入机构3与第一传动轴1的相对位置固定，从而提供动力源的装置可以通过诸如齿轮、链轮、带轮等传输装置，以机械传动的方式带动第一传动轴1转动。保持架4在本实施例中基本为倒置的F形，即该保持架4包括三个支架：两个相互平行的平行支架和一个垂直于平行支架的垂直支架。第一阶梯轴5套装在第一传动轴1的异形轴部位，可以在所述异形轴部位沿着其轴向进行滑动并随着第一传动轴1的转动而转动。第一阶梯轴5通过轴承在保持架4的垂直支架上相应的轴承孔处与保持架4连接。第二传动轴7和第三传动轴13也分别包括一段圆柱轴部分和一段异形轴部分，为了和主动圆柱轴、主动异形轴区分，在本实施例中将其分别称为从动圆柱轴、从动异形轴。所述第二传动轴7的异形轴部分连接有一个第二阶梯轴8，第三传动轴13的异形轴部分连接有一个第三阶梯轴14；第二阶梯轴8和第三阶梯轴14可以分别沿着所述第二传动轴7的异形轴部分和第三传动轴13的异形轴部分进行轴向滑动，并分别随着第二传动轴7和第三传动轴13的转动而转动。第一阶梯轴5通过一对锥齿轮6与第二传动轴7上从动圆柱轴部分的端部连接，所述与第一阶梯轴5连接的第二传动轴7同时通过轴承在保持架4的平行支架上相应的轴承孔处与保持架4连接；在固定板11上对应于第一传动轴1的主动异形轴部分，有一个细长的开口，使得第二传动轴7沿着第一传动轴1的主动异形轴部分滑动时，能够从所述开口中通过。第三传动轴13上从动圆柱轴部分的端部通过另一对锥齿轮15与所述第一传动轴1的主动圆柱轴连接，第三传动轴13的从动圆柱轴部分同时通过一个轴承在固定板11上相应的孔处与固定板11连接，且第三传动轴13的从动圆柱轴部分还通过轴承固定在定位架12上；定位架12与固定板11固定。可移动块10上开设有螺纹孔，与保持架4固定在一起，并在固定板11上所开设的一个相应的滑道内滑动。在所述固定板上开设有多个槽孔，所述槽孔的位置与所述可移动块10上的螺纹孔相对应，且二者均与紧固螺钉9配合，使得当将紧固螺钉9拧入所述螺纹孔和所述槽孔时，可移动块10与固定板11相对固定，当将紧固螺钉9取出所述螺纹孔或所述槽孔后，可移动块10与固定板11能够相对移动。本实施例的动力输入机构3连接动力源，属于本实施例的动力输入部分；第二阶梯轴8、第三阶梯轴14连接负载，属于本实施例的动力输出部分。从上面所述可以看出，由于所述第一阶梯轴随着所述第二传动轴的移动而沿着所述主动异形轴进行轴线移动，通过改变所述第一阶梯轴在所述主动异形轴上套装的相对位置，就可以调整改变本发明的动力输入部分与第二阶梯轴之间的相对距离。Wherein, the first transmission shaft 1 is arranged on the fixed frame 2, the two ends of the first transmission shaft 1 are cylindrical shafts, and the middle part is a special-shaped shaft; as an embodiment, the length of the cylindrical shaft at one end of the first transmission shaft 1 is greater than that of the other end The length of the cylindrical shaft, the longer cylindrical shaft part is called the active cylindrical shaft, and the shorter cylindrical shaft part is called the positioning cylindrical shaft. The fixing frame 2 is fixed on a fixing plate 11; in this embodiment, there are three fixing frames 2, which are respectively arranged on the two ends of the active cylindrical shaft and the positioning cylindrical shaft on the first transmission shaft 1. The first transmission shaft 1 is fixed in the corresponding bearing hole on the fixed frame 2 through bearings, so that the first transmission shaft 1 can rotate relative to the fixed frame 2 . The relative position of the power input mechanism 3 and the first transmission shaft 1 is fixed, so that the device providing the power source can drive the first transmission shaft 1 to rotate in a mechanical transmission manner through transmission devices such as gears, sprockets, pulleys and the like. The cage 4 in this embodiment is basically an inverted F shape, that is, the cage 4 includes three brackets: two parallel brackets parallel to each other and a vertical bracket perpendicular to the parallel brackets. The first stepped shaft 5 is sleeved on the special-shaped shaft part of the first transmission shaft 1 , and can slide along the axial direction of the special-shaped shaft part and rotate with the rotation of the first transmission shaft 1 . The first stepped shaft 5 is connected with the cage 4 at the corresponding bearing hole on the vertical support of the cage 4 through a bearing. The second transmission shaft 7 and the third transmission shaft 13 also respectively include a cylindrical shaft part and a special-shaped shaft part. In order to distinguish them from the driving cylindrical shaft and the driving special-shaped shaft, they are respectively referred to as the driven cylindrical shaft, the driving special-shaped shaft in this embodiment. Driven profiled shaft. The special-shaped shaft part of the second transmission shaft 7 is connected with a second stepped shaft 8, and the special-shaped shaft part of the third transmission shaft 13 is connected with a third stepped shaft 14; the second stepped shaft 8 and the third stepped shaft 14 can be Sliding axially along the special-shaped shaft part of the second transmission shaft 7 and the special-shaped shaft part of the third transmission shaft 13 respectively, and rotating with the rotation of the second transmission shaft 7 and the third transmission shaft 13 respectively. The first stepped shaft 5 is connected to the end of the driven cylindrical shaft part on the second transmission shaft 7 through a pair of bevel gears 6, and the second transmission shaft 7 connected to the first stepped shaft 5 is simultaneously mounted on the cage 4 through a bearing. The corresponding bearing hole on the parallel bracket is connected with the cage 4; on the fixed plate 11 corresponding to the active special-shaped shaft part of the first transmission shaft 1, there is an elongated opening, so that the second transmission shaft 7 is along the first When the active special-shaped shaft part of the transmission shaft 1 slides, it can pass through the opening. The end of the driven cylindrical shaft part on the third transmission shaft 13 is connected with the driving cylindrical shaft of the first transmission shaft 1 through another pair of bevel gears 15, and the driven cylindrical shaft part of the third transmission shaft 13 passes through a bearing at the same time The corresponding holes on the fixed plate 11 are connected with the fixed plate 11, and the driven cylindrical shaft part of the third transmission shaft 13 is also fixed on the positioning frame 12 through bearings; the positioning frame 12 is fixed with the fixed plate 11. A threaded hole is opened on the movable block 10 , which is fixed with the cage 4 and slides in a corresponding slideway provided on the fixed plate 11 . A plurality of slotted holes are opened on the fixed plate, the positions of the slotted holes correspond to the threaded holes on the movable block 10, and both of them cooperate with the fastening screws 9, so that when the fastening screws 9 When screwing into the threaded hole and the slotted hole, the movable block 10 and the fixed plate 11 are relatively fixed, and when the fastening screw 9 is taken out of the threaded hole or the slotted hole, the movable block 10 and the fixed plate 11 can move relatively. The power input mechanism 3 of this embodiment is connected to the power source, which belongs to the power input part of this embodiment; the second stepped shaft 8 and the third stepped shaft 14 are connected to the load, which belongs to the power output part of this embodiment. It can be seen from the above that since the first stepped shaft moves along the axis of the active shaped shaft with the movement of the second transmission shaft, by changing the first stepped shaft in the active shaped shaft The relative position of the casing on the shaft can be adjusted to change the relative distance between the power input part of the present invention and the second stepped shaft.

当动力源通过动力输入机构3向图1所示的传动机构输入动力时，第一传动轴1转动，通过第一锥齿轮6、第二锥齿轮15分别带动第二传动轴7和第三传动轴13转动，从而将动力分别传递到与第二阶梯轴8和第三阶梯轴14连接的负载。When the power source inputs power to the transmission mechanism shown in Figure 1 through the power input mechanism 3, the first transmission shaft 1 rotates, and the second transmission shaft 7 and the third transmission shaft are respectively driven by the first bevel gear 6 and the second bevel gear 15. The shaft 13 rotates, thereby transmitting power to loads connected to the second stepped shaft 8 and the third stepped shaft 14, respectively.

当动力源和负载之间的相对位置固定时，将紧固螺钉9同时拧入所述固定板11上的某个槽孔和所述可移动块10上的螺纹孔，使得可移动块10与固定板11的相对位置固定，保持架4与固定板11的相对位置固定，从而第二传动轴7和第三传动轴13之间的相对距离固定且第二传动轴7与动力输入机构3之间的相对距离也固定。当需要调整改变动力输入机构3与可动第二传动轴之间的距离时，仅需要将紧固螺钉9将可移动块10固定在不同的槽孔处即可。When the relative position between the power source and the load is fixed, the fastening screw 9 is simultaneously screwed into a slotted hole on the fixed plate 11 and a threaded hole on the movable block 10, so that the movable block 10 and The relative position of the fixed plate 11 is fixed, and the relative position of the cage 4 and the fixed plate 11 is fixed, so that the relative distance between the second transmission shaft 7 and the third transmission shaft 13 is fixed and the distance between the second transmission shaft 7 and the power input mechanism 3 is fixed. The relative distance between them is also fixed. When it is necessary to adjust and change the distance between the power input mechanism 3 and the movable second transmission shaft, it is only necessary to fix the movable block 10 at different slots with the fastening screws 9 .

本实施例的传动机构还包括一个丝杠，该丝杠采用滚珠丝杠，与可移动块10连接，一端固定于固定板11上，另一端通过电机或其它动力装置控制其转动的方向和速度。当动力源与负载之间的距离随时变化时，将紧固螺钉9从所述固定板11的槽孔或所述可滑动块10的螺纹孔中拧出，通过所述丝杠调节动力输入机构3和第二传动轴7之间的距离。The transmission mechanism of this embodiment also includes a lead screw, which is a ball screw connected to the movable block 10, one end is fixed on the fixed plate 11, and the other end controls the direction and speed of its rotation through a motor or other power devices . When the distance between the power source and the load changes at any time, the fastening screw 9 is unscrewed from the slot hole of the fixed plate 11 or the threaded hole of the slidable block 10, and the power input mechanism is adjusted through the lead screw 3 and the distance between the second transmission shaft 7.

图2为本发明实施例的第一传动轴部分的示意图，展示了第一传动轴1和套装在第一传动轴1上的阶梯轴6。从图中可以看出，第一传动轴1的主要包括一段圆柱轴部分和一段异形轴部分，这两部分在本实施例中称为主动圆柱轴和主动异形轴。在所述主动异形轴部分远离传动圆柱轴的一端，设有一小段定位圆柱轴，该定位圆柱轴主要用于连接固定架2。作为一个实施例，第一传动轴1的主动异形轴部分，其轴面设为齿状，阶梯轴6具有与所述主动异形轴部分的齿状轴面相配合的内表面，从而阶梯轴6可以套装在第一传动轴1的主动异形轴部分，并可以沿着第一传动轴1的主动异形轴部分进行轴向滑动，且随着第一传动轴1的转动而转动。主动异形轴部分采用这种齿状设计，能够增加第一传动轴在传动时的机械强度。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the first transmission shaft part of the embodiment of the present invention, showing the first transmission shaft 1 and the stepped shaft 6 sleeved on the first transmission shaft 1 . It can be seen from the figure that the first transmission shaft 1 mainly includes a cylindrical shaft part and a special-shaped shaft part, which are called the active cylindrical shaft and the active special-shaped shaft in this embodiment. At the end of the active profiled shaft part away from the transmission cylinder shaft, there is a small section of positioning cylinder shaft, which is mainly used for connecting the fixed frame 2 . As an example, the axial surface of the active special-shaped shaft part of the first drive shaft 1 is toothed, and the stepped shaft 6 has an inner surface that matches the toothed shaft surface of the active special-shaped shaft part, so that the stepped shaft 6 can It is sleeved on the active special-shaped shaft part of the first transmission shaft 1 , and can slide axially along the active special-shaped shaft part of the first transmission shaft 1 , and rotate with the rotation of the first transmission shaft 1 . The tooth-shaped design of the active special-shaped shaft part can increase the mechanical strength of the first transmission shaft during transmission.

图3为本发明实施例的第二传动轴示意图。从图中可以看出，第二传动轴7主要包括一段异形轴部分和一段圆柱轴部分，在本实施例中，这两部分分别称为从动异形轴和从动圆柱轴。与第一传动轴1相同，第二传动轴7的从动异形轴部分也采用截面为齿状的设计，如图4的局部放大图所示。从动异形轴部分采用这种齿状的设计，能够增加第二传动轴7在传动时的机械强度。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the second transmission shaft according to the embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from the figure that the second transmission shaft 7 mainly includes a special-shaped shaft part and a cylindrical shaft part. In this embodiment, these two parts are respectively called the driven special-shaped shaft and the driven cylindrical shaft. Same as the first transmission shaft 1, the driven special-shaped shaft part of the second transmission shaft 7 also adopts a toothed cross-section design, as shown in the partial enlarged view of FIG. 4 . The part of the driven special-shaped shaft adopts this tooth-shaped design, which can increase the mechanical strength of the second transmission shaft 7 during transmission.

在本实施例中，第二传动轴7和第三传动轴13的结构基本相同。在其它实施例中，第二传动轴和第三传动轴可以采用不同的结构。In this embodiment, the structures of the second transmission shaft 7 and the third transmission shaft 13 are basically the same. In other embodiments, the second transmission shaft and the third transmission shaft may adopt different structures.

图5为本发明实施例的第二阶梯轴示意图。本实施例的第二阶梯轴8具有横截面为齿状的内表面，使得该第二阶梯轴8能够套在第二传动轴7的从动异形轴部分，沿着所述从动异形轴部分进行轴向滑动，并随着第二传动轴7的转动而传动。第二阶梯轴8还具有圆柱状的轴端，该轴端可用于固定负载设备等。采用图3所示的第二传动轴7，结合图5所示的第二阶梯轴8，使得负载设备与第二传动轴7在第二传动轴7轴线方向上的相对位置可调节，即在图1中，负载与该传动设备的连接位置可沿着z轴方向进行调节。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the second stepped axis of the embodiment of the present invention. The second stepped shaft 8 of this embodiment has a toothed inner surface in cross-section, so that the second stepped shaft 8 can be sleeved on the driven special-shaped shaft part of the second transmission shaft 7, along the driven special-shaped shaft part Carry out axial sliding, and drive along with the rotation of second transmission shaft 7. The second stepped shaft 8 also has a cylindrical shaft end, which can be used to fix load equipment and the like. Using the second transmission shaft 7 shown in FIG. 3, combined with the second stepped shaft 8 shown in FIG. In Fig. 1, the connection position of the load and the transmission equipment can be adjusted along the z-axis direction.

在本实施例中，第二阶梯轴8和第三阶梯轴14的结构基本相同。在其它实施例中，第二阶梯轴和第三阶梯轴也可以采用不同的结构In this embodiment, the structures of the second stepped shaft 8 and the third stepped shaft 14 are basically the same. In other embodiments, the second stepped shaft and the third stepped shaft may also adopt different structures

图6为本发明实施例的保持架处局部结构示意图。本实施例的保持架采用倒置F形的结构设计，简易有效，不仅满足第一传动轴1和第二传动轴7的固定要求，还保证了第二传动轴7在其轴线方向有两个以上的定位点，从而限制了对第二传动轴7正常工作造成影响的自由度，使得第二传动轴7的传动更加稳定。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a cage according to an embodiment of the present invention. The cage of this embodiment adopts an inverted F-shaped structural design, which is simple and effective. It not only meets the fixing requirements of the first transmission shaft 1 and the second transmission shaft 7, but also ensures that the second transmission shaft 7 has more than two shafts in its axial direction. The positioning point, thereby limiting the degree of freedom that affects the normal operation of the second transmission shaft 7, makes the transmission of the second transmission shaft 7 more stable.

同样，第三传动轴13通过轴承与固定板11和定位架12上相应的轴承孔连接，保证了第三传动轴13在其轴线方向具有两个以上的定位点，从而限制了对第三传动轴13正常工作造成影响的自由度，使得第三传动轴13的传动更加稳定。Equally, the third transmission shaft 13 is connected with the corresponding bearing holes on the fixed plate 11 and the spacer 12 through bearings, which ensures that the third transmission shaft 13 has more than two positioning points in its axial direction, thereby limiting the impact on the third transmission shaft. The degree of freedom affected by the normal operation of the shaft 13 makes the transmission of the third transmission shaft 13 more stable.

在本发明的另一实施例中，也可以将第一传动轴设计成不同的结构。例如，将第一传动轴的中间部分设置为圆柱轴，中间圆柱轴的两端为异形轴部分，同时在两段异形轴部分远离中间圆柱轴的一端分别设置一小段固定圆柱轴。在异形轴上设置配合的阶梯轴，再通过齿轮、带轮、链轮或蜗轮等动力传动机构将所述阶梯轴分别与一个第二传动轴连接，以机械传动的方式传递动力或运动。从而，在这一实施例中，传动装置的与负载连接的机构之间的相对距离，以及每个与负载连接的机构与动力输入机构3之间的距离均可调节。In another embodiment of the present invention, the first transmission shaft can also be designed in a different structure. For example, the middle part of the first transmission shaft is set as a cylindrical shaft, the two ends of the middle cylindrical shaft are special-shaped shaft parts, and a small section of fixed cylindrical shaft is respectively set at the ends of the two special-shaped shaft parts away from the middle cylindrical shaft. A matched stepped shaft is arranged on the special-shaped shaft, and the stepped shaft is respectively connected to a second transmission shaft through a power transmission mechanism such as a gear, a pulley, a sprocket or a worm wheel, and power or motion is transmitted by means of mechanical transmission. Therefore, in this embodiment, the relative distance between the mechanisms connected to the load of the transmission device, and the distance between each mechanism connected to the load and the power input mechanism 3 can be adjusted.

在本发明的另一个实施例中，也可以在第一传动轴上设计多段异形轴部分，这多段异形轴部分分别连接至少一个可动第二传动轴。当在所述第一传动轴上设计多段异形轴时，传动装置所采用的丝杠的数目也可以根据需要选择。In another embodiment of the present invention, multiple sections of special-shaped shaft parts can also be designed on the first transmission shaft, and these multiple sections of special-shaped shaft parts are respectively connected to at least one movable second transmission shaft. When a multi-section special-shaped shaft is designed on the first transmission shaft, the number of lead screws used in the transmission device can also be selected according to needs.

在本发明的另一个实施例中，传动装置的主动部分应至少包括一段主动异形轴和一段主动圆柱轴，所述主动异形轴和主动圆柱轴可以是一个轴上的圆柱轴部分和异形轴部分，也可以是单独的圆柱轴和异形轴。该主动异形轴上套装有第一阶梯轴，这个第一阶梯轴可以在所述主动异形轴上沿着其轴向进行滑动并随着所述主动异形轴的转动而转动，所述第一阶梯轴通过齿轮、蜗轮、链轮或带轮等传动机构连接从动部分的一个第二传动轴，以机械传动的方式传递动力；该主动圆柱轴上连接固定有动力输入机构；所述主动圆柱轴通过齿轮、蜗轮、链轮或带轮等传动机构连接一个第三传动轴，以机械传动的方式传递动力。In another embodiment of the present invention, the active part of the transmission device should at least include a section of active special-shaped shaft and a section of active cylindrical shaft, and the active special-shaped shaft and active cylindrical shaft can be a cylindrical shaft part and a special-shaped shaft part on one shaft , can also be a separate cylindrical shaft and special-shaped shaft. The first stepped shaft is sleeved on the active shaped shaft, and the first stepped shaft can slide on the active shaped shaft along its axial direction and rotate with the rotation of the active shaped shaft. The first stepped shaft The shaft is connected to a second transmission shaft of the driven part through a transmission mechanism such as a gear, a worm gear, a sprocket or a pulley, and transmits power in a mechanical transmission mode; a power input mechanism is connected and fixed on the active cylindrical shaft; the active cylindrical shaft A third transmission shaft is connected through a transmission mechanism such as a gear, a worm wheel, a sprocket or a pulley, and the power is transmitted in a mechanical transmission mode.

在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述主动部分所包括的主动异形轴和主动圆柱轴，可以是一个传动轴上的主动异形轴部分和主动圆柱轴部分，如图2所示的第一传动轴。所述主动部分所包括的主动异形轴和主动圆柱轴，也可以是单独的异形轴和圆柱轴，通过一定的机械连接机构连接在一起，或通过齿轮、蜗轮、链轮或带轮等传动机构相互连接。In another embodiment of the present invention, the active special-shaped shaft and the active cylindrical shaft included in the active part may be the active special-shaped shaft part and the active cylindrical shaft part on a transmission shaft, as shown in the first transmission shaft. The active special-shaped shaft and active cylindrical shaft included in the active part can also be separate special-shaped shafts and cylindrical shafts, connected together through a certain mechanical connection mechanism, or through transmission mechanisms such as gears, worm gears, sprockets or pulleys. interconnected.

在本发明的另一个实施例中，从动部分应至少包括至少一个第二传动轴，该第二传动轴可以是一个如图3所示的第二传动轴。In another embodiment of the present invention, the driven part should at least include at least one second transmission shaft, which can be a second transmission shaft as shown in FIG. 3 .

在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述第二传动轴也可以包括至少一段单独的从动异形轴，所述从动异形轴两端具有圆柱的轴端，以便通过齿轮、带轮、链轮或蜗轮等传动机构将该从动异形轴与主动部分中相应的部件或从动部分中相应的部件连接，以机械传动的方式传递动力或运动。In another embodiment of the present invention, the second transmission shaft may also include at least one section of a separate driven special-shaped shaft, and the two ends of the driven special-shaped shaft have cylindrical shaft ends so that gears, pulleys, chains A transmission mechanism such as a wheel or a worm gear connects the driven special-shaped shaft with the corresponding parts in the active part or the corresponding parts in the driven part, and transmits power or motion in a mechanical transmission manner.

在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述第二传动轴也可以包括至少一段单独的从动圆柱轴，该从动圆柱轴通过齿轮、带轮、链轮或蜗轮等传动机构与主动圆柱轴连接，以机械传动的方式传递动力或运动。In another embodiment of the present invention, the second transmission shaft may also include at least one section of a separate driven cylindrical shaft, which is connected to the driving cylindrical shaft through a transmission mechanism such as a gear, a pulley, a sprocket, or a worm wheel. Connection to transmit power or motion by means of mechanical transmission.

在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述第二传动轴也可以包括至少一段单独的从动圆柱轴和至少一段单独的从动异形轴，所述从动圆柱轴通过齿轮、带轮、链轮或蜗轮等传动机构与主动圆柱轴连接；所述从动异形轴通过齿轮、带轮、链轮或蜗轮等传动机构与所述从动圆柱轴连接。In another embodiment of the present invention, the second transmission shaft may also include at least one section of a separate driven cylindrical shaft and at least one section of a separate driven special-shaped shaft, and the driven cylindrical shaft passes through gears, pulleys, chains, etc. The transmission mechanism such as wheel or worm gear is connected with the driving cylindrical shaft; the driven special-shaped shaft is connected with the driven cylindrical shaft through transmission mechanisms such as gears, pulleys, sprockets or worm gears.

在本发明的另一个实施例中，异形轴部分的截面也可以采用横截面为三角形、方形、菱形等多种形状。In another embodiment of the present invention, the section of the special-shaped shaft part can also adopt various shapes such as a triangle, a square, and a rhombus.

在本发明的另一个实施例中，也可以采用齿轮、蜗轮、链轮或带轮等传动机构代替所述第二阶梯轴或所述第三阶梯轴，以机械传动的方式传递动力或运动，以满足不同的传动要求。In another embodiment of the present invention, transmission mechanisms such as gears, worm gears, sprockets or pulleys may also be used instead of the second stepped shaft or the third stepped shaft to transmit power or motion in a mechanical transmission manner, To meet different transmission requirements.

在本发明的另一个实施例中，可以采用保持架将所述第三传动轴进行定位和限位。也可以采用定位架与固定板相结合的方式将所述第二传动轴进行定位和限位。In another embodiment of the present invention, a cage may be used to position and limit the third transmission shaft. The second transmission shaft can also be positioned and limited by using a combination of a positioning frame and a fixing plate.

上述传动机构以齿轮、带轮、链轮或蜗轮等机械传动的方式传递动力或运动。The above-mentioned transmission mechanism transmits power or motion in the form of mechanical transmission such as gears, pulleys, sprockets or worm gears.

在本发明的另一个实施例中，可以采用其它结构的保持架，连接所述第一阶梯轴和所述第二传动轴的从动圆柱轴部位，使得第一阶梯轴随着第二传动轴的移动而沿着所述主动异形轴移动。In another embodiment of the present invention, cages of other structures may be used to connect the first stepped shaft and the driven cylindrical shaft portion of the second transmission shaft, so that the first stepped shaft follows the second transmission shaft The movement moves along the active profiled axis.

从上面所述可以看出，本发明提供的可调节传动距的传动装置，通过特殊的传动轴结构设计，使得主动部分和至少一个从动部分之间以及至少两个从动部分之间的相对距离可调节，不仅如此，该传动装置主动部分和至少一个从动部分之间以至少两个从动部分之间的相对距离还可以实现实时调节，从而无需改变传动装置本身的结构，就能够适用于大部分动力源与负载相对距离发生变化的传动场合。It can be seen from the above that the transmission device with adjustable transmission distance provided by the present invention, through the special structural design of the transmission shaft, makes the relative relationship between the active part and at least one driven part and between at least two driven parts The distance can be adjusted, not only that, the relative distance between the active part and at least one driven part of the transmission device can also be adjusted in real time, so that it can be applied without changing the structure of the transmission device itself. It is used in most transmission occasions where the relative distance between the power source and the load changes.

此外，本发明提供的可调节传动距的传动装置，其本身结构简易，易于生产制造，在实现主动部分和至少一个从动部分之间以及至少两个从动部分之间的相对距离可调节的同时，也保证了传递动力或运动的需要。In addition, the transmission device with adjustable transmission distance provided by the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to produce and manufacture. It can realize the adjustable relative distance between the driving part and at least one driven part and between at least two driven parts. At the same time, it also ensures the need to transmit power or motion.

所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention etc., should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.