CN103124094A - Active equalizing device of electric automobile power battery pack - Google Patents

电动汽车动力电池组的主动式均衡装置，包括若干个双向DC-DC变换器、若干个均衡控制器、若干个连接开关选择器、由若干电池单元串联形成的电源；所述的连接开关选择器包括第一均衡母线、第二均衡母线和若干个双向晶闸管，所述的均衡控制器的控制端分别与所述的双向DC-DC变换器的工作控制端、所述的双向晶闸管的工作控制端连接；每个所述串联的电池单元的正极和负极依次通过双向晶闸管连接在所述的第一均衡母线、第二均衡母线上，且相邻的两节电池单元接点共用同一个双向晶闸管。本发明的有益效果是：既可以对低电平的电池单元充电也可以对高电平的电池单元放电，均衡高效、快速性；减少了均衡变换器的数量，增加了均衡系统的可靠性。

The active equalization device for the electric vehicle power battery pack includes several bidirectional DC-DC converters, several equalization controllers, several connection switch selectors, and a power supply formed by series connection of several battery cells; the connection switch selector It includes a first balanced busbar, a second balanced busbar and several bidirectional thyristors, and the control terminal of the balanced controller is connected to the working control terminal of the bidirectional DC-DC converter and the working control terminal of the bidirectional thyristor respectively. Connection; the positive and negative poles of each of the battery cells connected in series are connected to the first equalization busbar and the second equalization busbar through bidirectional thyristors in turn, and the contacts of two adjacent battery cells share the same bidirectional thyristor. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: it can charge the low-level battery unit and discharge the high-level battery unit, equalize high-efficiency and fast; reduce the number of equalizing converters and increase the reliability of the equalizing system.

The active balancer of electric automobile power battery group

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of active balancer of electric automobile power battery group.

Background technology

China has surmounted the U.S. in 2011 become the large automobile consumption of the first in the world country, and the automobile industry CO2 emissions of China is constantly soaring, and the crude oil import amount leaps to the second place of the world, and will surmount soon the U.S..The development new-energy automobile becomes the Major Strategic of China's sustainable development, is also the major opportunity that Automobile Industry in China is realized great-leap-forward development; New-energy automobile can be divided into according to power source: pure electric automobile (EV), hybrid-electric car (HEV) and fuel cell car (FCEV); Wherein the electric power of pure electric automobile and hybrid-electric car poultry can equipment be mainly electrokinetic cell, and electrokinetic cell is also the core technology of Development of Electric Vehicles.The battery variety of electrokinetic cell generally is divided into: lead-acid battery, nickel-cadmium cell, Ni-MH battery and lithium battery.Ferric phosphate lithium cell is wide with its high energy ratio, nonstaining property, operating temperature range, memory-less effect, low self-discharge rate and the higher advantage such as life-span that discharges and recharges, and obtains pay close attention to the most widely and study; Also with the research emphasis of lithium iron battery as Prospect of EVS Powered with Batteries in China " 12 " planning.The application of lithium battery in electrokinetic cell needs a large amount of connection in series-parallel to use, and this just needs complete balancing technique, and the cell balancing technology also becomes the technical difficult points of lithium battery applications.

Present equalizing system is divided into passive type and active two kinds, and the passive type equalizing system adopts the mode of resistance power consumption more, and the advantage of this equalizer is simple in structure, and it is convenient to implement, and shortcoming is that speed is slow; And active equalizing system adopts the pattern of DC-DC converter more, and advantage is that balancing speed is fast, and energy utilization rate is high, but due to a plurality of DC-DC converter of needs, makes cost higher, and reliability is lower.Therefore, the development and Design practicality, efficiently the electrokinetic cell equalizing system becomes one of important technology main points that promote the electric automobile industry development.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the problem that slow, the active equalizing system cost of passive type equalizing system speed is high, reliability is low of present electric automobile power battery group, the present invention proposes the active balancer of the electric automobile power battery group that a kind of balancing speed is fast, energy utilization rate is high, cost is low.

The active balancer of electric automobile power battery group of the present invention, it is characterized in that: the power supply that comprises several bidirectional DC-DC converters, several balance controllers, several connecting valve selectors, formed by some battery units series connection, the normal phase input end of described DC-DC converter is connected with the positive pole of described power supply, negative-phase input is connected with the negative pole of described power supply, and the positive output end of described DC-DC converter, negative output all are connected with described connecting valve selector;

Described connecting valve selector comprises the first balanced bus, the second balanced bus and several bidirectional thyristors, and the positive output end of described bidirectional DC-DC converter is connected on the described first balanced bus, also is connected on the second extremely balanced bus by another bidirectional thyristor by a bidirectional thyristor; The negative output of described bidirectional DC-DC converter is connected on the described first balanced bus, also is connected on the described second balanced bus by another bidirectional thyristor by a bidirectional thyristor;

The control end of described balance controller is connected with the job control end of the job control end of described bidirectional DC-DC converter, described bidirectional thyristor respectively;

The positive pole of each described battery unit and negative pole are connected on the described first balanced bus, the second balanced bus by bidirectional thyristor successively, and the two adjacent same bidirectional thyristors of batteries units shared.

The two-way BUCK type of described DC-DC converter using translation circuit.

Described balance controller is the Minitype digital control chip.

The number of described battery unit is more than or equal to 1 joint.

during use, balance controller detects the state of each battery unit, judgement needs the battery unit of charge or discharge, then send instruction to bidirectional DC-DC converter and bidirectional thyristor, make bidirectional DC-DC converter according to the bus balanced with first of pending battery unit be connected the relation that balanced bus connects, optionally open the bidirectional thyristor that is connected on bidirectional DC-DC converter, make on the first balanced bus and the second balanced bus belt electrically corresponding, simultaneously, except connecting the bidirectional thyristor that is connected with pending battery unit, the bidirectional thyristor that remaining is connected with other battery units turn-offs, after balanced the end, balance controller turn-offs bidirectional DC-DC converter and the corresponding bidirectional thyristor of connecting, and balancer returns to normal.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: adopt bidirectional DC-DC converter to carry out equilibrium and control, both can also can to the battery unit discharge of high level, realize balanced high efficiency, rapidity to low level battery unit charging; Adopt the connecting valve selector, connect bidirectional DC-DC converter and need balanced battery unit, both reduced the quantity of balanced converter, increased again the reliability of equalizing system.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is circuit theory schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is that (wherein VT1 ~ 10 all represent the first ~ ten bidirectional thyristor for the schematic diagram of specific embodiments of the invention circuit; E1 ~ 5 all represent the first ~ five battery unit; T1, T2 represent two links of bidirectional thyristor; + represent the positive pole of battery unit;-represent the negative pole of battery unit).

Embodiment

Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing

With reference to accompanying drawing:

when needs operate the 3rd batteries unit, this moment the first balanced bus need to positive electrically, the second balanced bus need to negative electrically, bidirectional thyristor between the positive output end of bidirectional DC-DC converter bus balanced with first is connected, bidirectional thyristor between the positive output end of bidirectional DC-DC converter bus balanced with second turn-offs, bidirectional thyristor between the negative output of bidirectional DC-DC converter bus balanced with second is connected, bidirectional thyristor between the negative output of bidirectional DC-DC converter bus balanced with first turn-offs, make simultaneously the 3rd bidirectional thyristor and the 4th bidirectional thyristor connect, the bidirectional thyristor that remaining is connected with other battery unit turn-offs, make the first balanced bus with positive electrically, the second balanced bus is with negative electrical the time, the equilibrium of realization to the 3rd batteries unit, after balanced the end, balance controller turn-offs bidirectional DC-DC converter and the corresponding bidirectional thyristor of connecting, and balancer returns to normal.

The described content of this specification embodiment is only enumerating the way of realization of inventive concept; protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as only limiting to the concrete form that embodiment states, protection scope of the present invention also reaches conceives the equivalent technologies means that can expect according to the present invention in those skilled in the art.