CN103494997B - Traditional Chinese sophora flower medicine for treating hyperglycemia and diabetes - Google Patents

本发明涉及治疗高血糖和糖尿病的槐花中药物，可有效解决高血糖和糖尿病的治疗用药问题，其解决的技术方案是，该中药物由怀山药、葛根和鲜槐花制成，怀山药与葛根的重量比为1︰3，怀山药、葛根的重量和与鲜槐花的重量比为4︰1，其中，将怀山药、葛根粉碎，成山葛粉；将鲜槐花用水清洗干净，然后将山葛粉拌入洗净的鲜槐花内，使山葛粉将鲜槐花包裹，然后置于蒸笼内蒸熟，减压干燥，即为成品，本发明原料丰富，制备方法简单易行，成本低，服用方便，具有良好的降糖作用，有效用于高血糖和糖尿病的治疗，是治疗高血糖和糖尿病药物上的创新。The invention relates to a Sophora japonica Chinese medicine for treating hyperglycemia and diabetes, which can effectively solve the problem of medication for hyperglycemia and diabetes. The weight ratio of Chinese yam and Pueraria to fresh Sophora japonica is 1:3, and the weight ratio of Chinese yam and Pueraria to fresh Sophora japonica is 4:1, wherein the Chinese yam and Pueraria are pulverized to form Pueraria kudzu powder; fresh Sophora japonica is washed with water, and then Mix the kudzu powder into the washed fresh Sophora japonica, make the kudzu powder wrap the fresh Sophora japonica, then put it in a steamer, steam it, and dry it under reduced pressure, which is the finished product. It is low in weight, easy to take, has good hypoglycemic effect, is effectively used in the treatment of hyperglycemia and diabetes, and is an innovation in the treatment of hyperglycemia and diabetes.

一种治疗高血糖和糖尿病的槐花中药物Sophora japonica traditional Chinese medicine for treating hyperglycemia and diabetes

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及医药，特别是一种治疗高血糖和糖尿病的槐花中药物（又称槐花珍）。The invention relates to medicine, in particular to a Sophora japonica traditional Chinese medicine (also known as Sophora japonica) for treating hyperglycemia and diabetes.

背景技术Background technique

高血糖是指，当空腹（8小时内无糖及任何含糖食物摄入）血糖高于正常范围，称为高血糖，空腹血糖正常值4.0-6.1mmol/L，餐后两小时血糖高于正常范围7.8mmol/L，也可以称为高血糖，高血糖不是一种疾病的诊断，只是一种血糖监测结果的判定，血糖监测是一时性的结果，高血糖不完全等于糖尿病，但易发展为糖尿病，高血糖严重影响着人们的身体健康。Hyperglycemia refers to when the blood sugar on an empty stomach (no sugar or any sugar-containing food intake within 8 hours) is higher than the normal range, called hyperglycemia, the normal value of fasting blood sugar is 4.0-6.1mmol/L, and the blood sugar is higher than 2 hours after a meal The normal range is 7.8mmol/L, which can also be called hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia is not a diagnosis of a disease, but a judgment of blood sugar monitoring results. Blood sugar monitoring is a temporary result. Hyperglycemia is not completely equal to diabetes, but it is easy to develop Diabetes, high blood sugar seriously affects people's health.

糖尿病是由环境因素和遗传因素相互作用而引起的以慢性高血糖为共同特征的慢性代谢性疾病，国内对其病征通常称作“高血糖”。长期的高血糖会导致微血管内皮产生病变，伴随的蛋白质、脂肪代谢异常会引起心、脑、肾、神经、血管等组织结构和功能的异常，甚至会造成器官功能衰竭而危及生命。趣味给它的别名叫“沉默的杀手”，特别是成人型的糖尿病，糖尿病患者平均可减少十年寿命。并且发生的并发症可遍布全身，糖尿病的并发症包括：自律性神经失调，神经障碍，脑血栓，脑梗塞。白内障，蛀牙，口腔炎，支气管炎，皮肤病，心肌梗塞，尿毒症，足病变等。亚洲糖尿病学会透露，截至2012年，中国患糖尿病的总人数已达到9240万，发病率高，可达9.7%，而且有年轻化趋势，严重影响着人们的身体健康。Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia caused by the interaction of environmental factors and genetic factors. Its symptoms are usually referred to as "hyperglycemia" in China. Long-term high blood sugar can lead to microvascular endothelial lesions, and the accompanying abnormal protein and fat metabolism can cause abnormalities in the structure and function of the heart, brain, kidney, nerves, blood vessels, etc., and even lead to organ failure and life-threatening. The alias given to it by fun is the "silent killer", especially adult-onset diabetes. Diabetic patients can reduce their life expectancy by an average of ten years. And the complications that occur can spread all over the body. The complications of diabetes include: autonomic nervous disorders, neurological disorders, cerebral thrombosis, and cerebral infarction. Cataract, tooth decay, stomatitis, bronchitis, skin disease, myocardial infarction, uremia, foot disease, etc. According to the Asian Diabetes Society, as of 2012, the total number of people suffering from diabetes in China has reached 92.4 million.

目前，虽有治疗高血糖和糖尿病的多种药物，包括中药和西药，但由于种种原因，其使用并不尽人意，因此，药物上的创新是人们非常关心的技术问题。At present, although there are many kinds of drugs for treating hyperglycemia and diabetes, including traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine, their use is not satisfactory due to various reasons. Therefore, the innovation of drugs is a technical issue that people are very concerned about.

发明内容Contents of the invention

针对上述情况，为克服现有技术之缺陷，本发明之目的就是提供一种治疗高血糖和糖尿病的槐花中药物，可有效解决高血糖和糖尿病的治疗用药问题。In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a Sophora japonica Chinese medicine for treating hyperglycemia and diabetes, which can effectively solve the problem of medication for hyperglycemia and diabetes.

本发明解决的技术方案是，该中药物由怀山药、葛根和鲜槐花制成，怀山药与葛根的重量比为1︰3，怀山药、葛根的重量和与鲜槐花的重量比为4︰1，其中，将怀山药、葛根粉碎，成山葛粉；将鲜槐花用水清洗干净，然后将山葛粉拌入洗净的鲜槐花内，使山葛粉将鲜槐花包裹，然后置于蒸笼内蒸熟，减压干燥，即为成品。The technical scheme solved by the present invention is that the Chinese medicine is made of Chinese yam, Pueraria lobata and fresh Sophora japonica, the weight ratio of Huai yam and Pueraria lobata is 1:3, and the weight ratio of Huai yam, Pueraria lobata and fresh Sophora japonica is 4: 1, among them, Chinese yam and kudzu root are crushed to form kudzu powder; fresh Sophora japonica flower is washed with water, and then kudzu powder is mixed into the washed fresh Sophora japonica flower, so that kudzu powder wraps fresh Sophora japonica flower, and then placed in Steamed in a steamer, dried under reduced pressure, that is the finished product.

本发明原料丰富，制备方法简单易行，成本低，服用方便，具有良好的降糖作用，有效用于高血糖和糖尿病的治疗，是治疗高血糖和糖尿病药物上的创新。The invention has rich raw materials, simple and easy preparation method, low cost, convenient administration, good hypoglycemic effect, is effectively used for treating hyperglycemia and diabetes, and is an innovation in medicine for treating hyperglycemia and diabetes.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式作详细说明。The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the examples.

本发明在具体实施时，可由以下的具体方案实现：取鲜槐花1000克，用水清洗干净；取怀山药1000克，葛根3000克，混匀后粉碎，过100目筛，得山葛粉；将洗净后的鲜槐花山葛粉拌匀，鲜槐花被山葛细粉包裹，置于蒸笼内蒸制15分钟，使鲜槐花熟化，将熟化后的槐花60℃减压干燥，即为本发明槐花珍。When the present invention is implemented, it can be realized by the following specific schemes: get 1000 grams of fresh Sophora japonica, clean it with water; get 1000 grams of Chinese yam, 3000 grams of Pueraria lobata, pulverize after mixing, and cross a 100-mesh sieve to get kudzu powder; Mix the washed fresh Sophora japonica powder evenly, wrap the fresh Sophora japonica flower with Pueraria fine powder, put it in a steamer and steam for 15 minutes to ripen the fresh Sophora japonica flower, and dry the mature Sophora japonica flower under reduced pressure at 60°C to obtain Sophora japonica of the present invention.

在上述的药物中，其中：Among the above drugs, among them:

怀山药：味甘，性平，归脾、肺、肾经，补脾养胃，生津益肺，补肾涩精；葛根：性凉、气平、味甘，解表退热，生津，透疹，升阳止泻；鲜槐花，是指刚从洋槐树上摘取的可食用的鲜花，又称鲜洋槐花，味苦、性微寒，归肝、大肠经；入血敛降，体轻微散；具有凉血止血，清肝泻火的功效。Chinese yam: sweet in taste, flat in nature, returns to the spleen, lung, and kidney meridians, nourishes the spleen and stomach, promotes body fluid and nourishes the lungs, nourishes kidney and astringent essence; kudzu root: cool in nature, flat in nature, sweet in taste, relieves exterior and fever, promotes body fluid, and clears rashes , raising yang to relieve diarrhea; fresh locust flower refers to the edible flowers just picked from the locust tree, also known as fresh locust flower, which is bitter in taste and slightly cold in nature, and returns to the liver and large intestine meridian; Slightly scattered; has the effect of cooling blood to stop bleeding, clearing liver and purging fire.

本发明组分间的互相支持，具有良好的降糖之功效，并经实验得到了有效证明，有关实验资料如下：The mutual support between the components of the present invention has a good hypoglycemic effect, and has been effectively proved by experiments. The relevant experimental data are as follows:

1 实验材料1 Experimental materials

1.1 实验药物1.1 Experimental drugs

本发明中药物（槐花珍）；盐酸二甲双胍，上海医药（集团）有限公司信谊制药总厂生产，批号110310；盐酸肾上腺素注射液，上海禾丰制药有限公司生产，批号110121；四氧嘧啶，sigma公司生产；链脲佐菌素，sigma公司生产；生理盐水，郑州永和制药有限公司生产，批号110510；浓硫酸，洛阳市化学试剂厂生产，批号120112；柠檬酸(分析纯)，湖北省医药公司化玻站，批号120313；柠檬酸钠(分析纯)，天津市化学试剂批发部，批号120314；血糖试剂盒，浙江东瓯生物工程有限公司生产，批号120603；肝糖元试剂盒，南京建成生物工程研究所生产，批号120617；糖化血清蛋白（GSP）测定试剂盒，南京建成生物工程研究所第一分所生产，批号120607。Chinese medicine of the present invention (Huahuazhen); metformin hydrochloride, produced by Shanghai Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd. Xinyi Pharmaceutical General Factory, batch number 110310; epinephrine hydrochloride injection, produced by Shanghai Hefeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., batch number 110121; alloxan , produced by sigma company; streptozotocin, produced by sigma company; normal saline, produced by Zhengzhou Yonghe Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., batch number 110510; concentrated sulfuric acid, produced by Luoyang Chemical Reagent Factory, batch number 120112; citric acid (analytical grade), Hubei Province Chemical Glass Station of Pharmaceutical Company, batch number 120313; sodium citrate (analytical pure), Tianjin Chemical Reagent Wholesale Department, batch number 120314; blood glucose kit, produced by Zhejiang Dongou Bioengineering Co., Ltd., batch number 120603; liver glycogen kit, Nanjing Produced by Jiancheng Bioengineering Research Institute, batch number 120617; glycosylated serum protein (GSP) assay kit, produced by the first branch of Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Research Institute, batch number 120607.

1.2 实验动物1.2 Experimental animals

小鼠：昆明种，SPF级，雄性，由河南省医学实验动物中心提供，合格证号：008373，008376。Mice: Kunming species, SPF grade, male, provided by Henan Medical Experimental Animal Center, certificate number: 008373, 008376.

1.3 实验仪器1.3 Experimental Instruments

UV-2000紫外可见分光光度计：尤尼柯（上海）仪器有限公司生产；恒温水浴锅，北京市光明仪器厂生产；离心机，北京医疗仪器修理厂生产；FA(N)/JA(N)系列电子天平，上海民桥精密仪器有限公司生产；可调式移液器，上海雷勃分析仪器有限公司生产。UV-2000 ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer: produced by Unocal (Shanghai) Instrument Co., Ltd.; constant temperature water bath, produced by Beijing Guangming Instrument Factory; centrifuge, produced by Beijing Medical Instrument Repair Factory; FA(N)/JA(N) Series of electronic balances, produced by Shanghai Minqiao Precision Instrument Co., Ltd.; adjustable pipettes, produced by Shanghai Leibo Analytical Instruments Co., Ltd.

1.4 试液配制1.4 Preparation of test solution

枸橼酸缓冲液的配制：分别称取1292.4mg柠檬酸和1132.3mg柠檬酸钠配成100ml溶液，此溶液即为PH为4.2枸橼酸缓冲液，为确保其准确性可用PH仪器校正调配。（链脲佐菌素不十分稳定，且对血管刺激较大，用缓冲液配制链脲佐菌素可减轻这些负面影响）：临用前配制。Preparation of citric acid buffer: Weigh 1292.4mg of citric acid and 1132.3mg of sodium citrate respectively to make 100ml solution. This solution is citric acid buffer with a pH of 4.2. To ensure its accuracy, it can be calibrated and prepared with a pH instrument. (Streptozotocin is not very stable, and it is more irritating to blood vessels. The preparation of streptozotocin with buffer solution can alleviate these negative effects): Prepare before use.

10%福尔马林固定液的配制：36%甲醛溶液10ml，用蒸馏水配成100ml。Preparation of 10% formalin fixative: 10ml of 36% formaldehyde solution, mixed with distilled water to make 100ml.

2 实验方法2 Experimental methods

2.1 分组与给药2.1 Grouping and administration

2.1.1 对肾上腺素致小鼠高血糖模型的影响2.1.1 Effects on adrenaline-induced hyperglycemia in mice

取雄性小鼠60只，体重20～22g，随机均匀分为6组，分别喂饲含有不同剂量槐花珍的加工饲料（正常饲料，加槐花珍后使含槐花珍量分别为30%、20%、10%，正常喂饲小鼠，每天每只小鼠喂饲量定量为6克，每天灌0.2ml/10g生理盐水），二甲双胍混悬液（0.208g/kg，0.104mg/ml，0.2ml/10g）（每天每只小鼠喂饲正常饲料量为6克），模型组和空白组灌服同体积的生理盐水液（每天每只小鼠喂饲正常饲料量为6克）。每天上午给药1次（给水），下午喂饲，连续9天。于禁食后12h，除空白组外每鼠迅速腹腔注射肾上腺素240ug/kg，空白对照组注射同体积生理盐水，于给肾上腺素后30min、60min立即眼眶取血，分离血清，供测血糖用。然后处死小鼠后，称取肝脏，制匀浆，供测肝糖元用。Take 60 male mice, weighing 20-22g, and divide them into 6 groups at random, and feed them with processed feed containing different doses of Sophora japonica (normal feed, after adding Sophora japonica, the content of Sophora japonica is 30% respectively). , 20%, 10%, normal feeding of mice, the daily feeding amount of each mouse is 6 grams, and 0.2ml/10g normal saline per day), metformin suspension (0.208g/kg, 0.104mg/ml , 0.2ml/10g) (6 grams of normal feed per mouse per day), the model group and blank group were fed with the same volume of normal saline solution (6 grams of normal feed per mouse per day) . Administer once a day in the morning (with water) and feed in the afternoon for 9 consecutive days. 12 hours after fasting, except for the blank group, each mouse was injected intraperitoneally with epinephrine 240ug/kg, and the blank control group was injected with the same volume of normal saline. Blood was collected from the orbit immediately 30 minutes and 60 minutes after the administration of epinephrine, and the serum was separated for blood sugar measurement. . After the mice were sacrificed, the liver was weighed and homogenized for measuring liver glycogen.

2.1.2 对四氧嘧啶致小鼠高血糖模型的影响2.1.2 Effects on alloxan-induced hyperglycemia model in mice

分别喂饲含有不同剂量槐花珍的加工饲料（正常饲料，加槐花珍后使含槐花珍量分别为30%、20%、10%，正常喂饲小鼠，每天每只小鼠喂饲量定量为6克，每天灌0.2ml/10g生理盐水），二甲双胍混悬液（0.208g/kg，0.104mg/ml，0.2ml/10g）（每天每只小鼠喂饲正常饲料量为6克），模型组和空白组灌服同体积的生理盐水液（每天每只小鼠喂饲正常饲料量为6克）。每天上午给药1次（给水），下午喂饲，连续10天。于第7天禁食后12h灌药后90min，除空白组外每鼠尾静脉注射80mg/kg（0.05ml/10g）新配制的四氧嘧啶生理盐水液，注射后72h，小鼠眼眶取血，分离血清，供测血糖用。然后处死小鼠后，称取肝脏，制匀浆，供测肝糖元用。Feed the processed feed containing different doses of Sophora japonica (normal feed, add Sophora japonica to make the content of Sophora japonica 30%, 20%, 10% respectively, feed the mice normally, and feed each mouse every day The feeding amount is 6 grams, 0.2ml/10g normal saline per day), metformin suspension (0.208g/kg, 0.104mg/ml, 0.2ml/10g) (the normal feed amount per mouse is 6 g), the model group and the blank group were fed with the same volume of normal saline solution (6 g of normal feed per mouse per day). Administer once a day in the morning (with water) and feed in the afternoon for 10 consecutive days. On the 7th day, 12 hours after fasting and 90 minutes after drug administration, each mouse except the blank group was injected with 80mg/kg (0.05ml/10g) freshly prepared alloxan saline solution into the tail vein, and 72 hours after the injection, blood was collected from the orbit of the mice , to separate the serum for blood glucose measurement. After the mice were sacrificed, the liver was weighed and homogenized for measuring liver glycogen.

2.1.3 对链尿佐菌素致小鼠糖尿病模型的影响2.1.3 Effects on the streptozotocin-induced diabetes model in mice

取雄性小鼠，正常饲养3天，禁食12h后，尾静脉注射链脲佐菌素80(mg/kg，0.02ml/10g)，于注射第11天禁食12h后，尾部采血测空腹血糖值，选取血糖值>11.1mmol/L并具有明显多饮、多食、多尿症状的小鼠50只，按血糖值随机均分为5组，即大、中、小剂量槐花珍组，阳性对照组和模型组，分别喂饲含有不同剂量槐花珍的加工饲料（正常饲料，加槐花珍后使含槐花珍量分别为30%、20%、10%，正常喂饲小鼠，每天每只小鼠喂饲量定量为6克，每天灌0.2ml/10g生理盐水），二甲双胍混悬液（0.208g/kg，0.104mg/ml，0.2ml/10g）（每天每只小鼠喂饲正常饲料量6克），模型组灌服同体积的生理盐水液（每天每只小鼠喂饲正常饲料量为6克）。另取10只小鼠作为空白对照组，灌服同体积生理盐水（每天每只小鼠喂饲正常饲料量6克）。每天上午给药1次（给水），下午喂饲，连续30天。于给喂饲第10、20、30天尾部取血测血糖值。第30天在禁食12h末次给药1h后，小鼠眼眶取血，分离血清，供测血糖用。然后处死小鼠后，称取肝脏，制匀浆，供测肝糖元用；取胰腺，10%福尔马林液固定，作病理切片，供光镜观察胰脏组织情况。Take male mice and feed them normally for 3 days. After fasting for 12 hours, inject streptozotocin 80 (mg/kg, 0.02ml/10g) into the tail vein. After fasting for 12 hours on the 11th day of injection, take blood from the tail to measure fasting blood sugar value, select 50 mice with blood glucose value > 11.1mmol/L and have obvious symptoms of polydipsia, polyphagia, and polyuria, and randomly divide them into 5 groups according to the blood glucose value, that is, large, medium and small doses of Sophora japonica group, The positive control group and the model group were fed with processed feed containing different doses of Sophora japonica (normal feed, after adding Sophora japonica, the content of Sophora japonica was 30%, 20%, and 10% respectively, and the mice were fed normally , the feeding amount of each mouse per day is 6 grams, 0.2ml/10g normal saline per day), metformin suspension (0.208g/kg, 0.104mg/ml, 0.2ml/10g) (per mouse per day 6 grams of normal feed), and the model group was fed with the same volume of normal saline solution (6 grams of normal feed per mouse per day). Another 10 mice were taken as the blank control group and fed with the same volume of normal saline (each mouse was fed 6 grams of normal feed per day). Administer once a day in the morning (with water) and feed in the afternoon for 30 consecutive days. At the end of the 10th, 20th, and 30th day of feeding, blood was taken to measure the blood sugar value. On the 30th day, after fasting for 12 hours and 1 hour after the last administration, blood was collected from the orbits of the mice, and the serum was separated for measuring blood sugar. After the mice were sacrificed, the liver was weighed and homogenized to measure glycogen in the liver; the pancreas was fixed in 10% formalin, and made into pathological sections for observation of the pancreas tissue under a light microscope.

2.2 指标测定2.2 Index determination

2.2.1 血清血糖水平2.2.1 Serum blood glucose level

小鼠眼眶取血，分离血清，按试剂盒说明操作测OD值，按试剂盒公式换算血糖值。Blood was collected from the orbit of the mouse, the serum was separated, the OD value was measured according to the instructions of the kit, and the blood glucose value was converted according to the formula of the kit.

试剂成分以及浓度Reagent composition and concentration

操作方法operation method

结果计算：葡萄糖含量（nmol/L）=Ar/As×5.55(100mg/dL)Calculation of results: Glucose content (nmol/L)=Ar/As×5.55(100mg/dL)

          单位换算：mg/dl×0.0555=mmol/L  Unit conversion: mg/dl×0.0555=mmol/L

2.2.2 肝糖原含量2.2.2 Hepatic glycogen content

眼眶取血后，处死小鼠，取肝脏，精密称取肝脏50mg左右，按肝糖元试剂盒说明于620nm处测各管OD值，按试剂盒公式换算肝糖元值。After blood was collected from the eye sockets, the mice were sacrificed, and the liver was taken. About 50 mg of the liver was precisely weighed, and the OD value of each tube was measured at 620 nm according to the instructions of the liver glycogen kit, and the liver glycogen value was converted according to the formula of the kit.

样本前处理Sample pretreatment

取样：取新鲜肝脏用生理盐水漂洗后,滤纸吸干,称重Sampling: take fresh liver, rinse it with normal saline, dry it with filter paper, and weigh it

水解：按样本重量(mg):碱液体积(ul)=1:3,一起加入试管中,沸水浴煮20分钟,流水冷却.Hydrolysis: According to sample weight (mg): lye volume (ul) = 1:3, add them together to the test tube, cook in boiling water bath for 20 minutes, and cool in running water.

将糖元水解液进一步制备成糖原检测液：The glycogen hydrolyzate is further prepared into a glycogen detection solution:

肌糖元检测液为5%,加蒸馏水的量为:肝脏重量×20-肝脏重量×4=肝脏重量×16The muscle glycogen detection solution is 5%, and the amount of distilled water added is: liver weight×20-liver weight×4=liver weight×16

操作表operation table

混匀后置于沸水中煮5分钟,冷却后于620nm波长,1cm光径,空白管调零,测各管OD值After mixing, boil in boiling water for 5 minutes, after cooling, set the blank tube to zero at 620nm wavelength, 1cm optical path, and measure the OD value of each tube

计算公式：糖元含量(mg/g组织)=测定管OD值/标准管OD值×标准管含量(0.01mg)×样本测试前稀释倍数×10÷1.11Calculation formula: Glycogen content (mg/g tissue) = OD value of measuring tube/OD value of standard tube × content of standard tube (0.01mg) × dilution factor before sample test × 10÷1.11

3 实验结果3 Experimental results

3.1 对肾上腺素致小鼠血糖水平及肝糖原含量的影响3.1 Effects on blood glucose level and liver glycogen content in mice induced by adrenaline

按血糖试剂盒说明书和肝糖原试剂盒说明书，分别测定各组小鼠的血糖水平和肝糖原含量，结果见表1。According to the instructions of the blood glucose kit and liver glycogen kit, the blood glucose level and liver glycogen content of the mice in each group were measured respectively, and the results are shown in Table 1.

表1 槐花珍对肾上腺素致小鼠高血糖模型血糖水平及肝糖原含量的影响 Table 1 Effect of Huaihuazhen on blood glucose level and liver glycogen content in adrenaline-induced hyperglycemia mouse model

*与模型组比P＜0.05，**与模型组比P＜0.01*P<0.05 compared with the model group, **P<0.01 compared with the model group

从上表可看出，与空白对照组比，模型组在30分钟和60分钟血糖水平显著升高（P﹤0.01），肝糖元水平显著降低（P﹤0.01），说明造肾上腺素高血糖模型成功。与模型组比，大、中、小剂量槐花珍组和二甲双胍组可显著降低30分钟血糖水平（P﹤0.01）、可显著升高肝糖元水平（P﹤0.01），二甲双胍组可显著性降低60分钟血糖水平（P﹤0.01），大剂量槐花珍组可明显降低60分钟血糖水平（P﹤0.05）。It can be seen from the above table that compared with the blank control group, the blood glucose level in the model group was significantly increased at 30 minutes and 60 minutes (P﹤0.01), and the liver glycogen level was significantly decreased (P﹤0.01), indicating that adrenaline produced hyperglycemia The model succeeds. Compared with the model group, the large, medium and small doses of Huaihuazhen group and metformin group can significantly reduce the 30-minute blood sugar level (P﹤0.01), and can significantly increase the liver glycogen level (P﹤0.01), and the metformin group can significantly The 60-minute blood sugar level was reduced (P﹤0.01), and the high-dose Huaihuazhen group could significantly reduce the 60-minute blood sugar level (P﹤0.05).

3.2 对四氧嘧啶致致小鼠血糖水平及肝糖原含量的影响。3.2 Effects on blood glucose level and liver glycogen content of mice induced by alloxan.

按血糖试剂盒说明书和肝糖原试剂盒说明书进行操作，分别测定各组小鼠的血糖水平和肝糖原含量，结果见表2。According to the instructions of the blood glucose kit and the liver glycogen kit, the blood glucose level and liver glycogen content of the mice in each group were measured respectively, and the results are shown in Table 2.

表2 槐花珍对四氧嘧啶致小鼠高血糖模型血糖水平及肝糖元含量的影响 Table 2 Effect of Huaihuazhen on blood glucose level and liver glycogen content in alloxan-induced hyperglycemia mice

*与模型组比P＜0.05，**与模型组比P＜0.01*P<0.05 compared with the model group, **P<0.01 compared with the model group

从上表可看出，与空白对照组比，模型组血糖水平显著升高（P﹤0.01），肝糖元水平显著降低（P﹤0.01），说明造小鼠四氧嘧啶高血糖模型成功。与模型组比，大、中、小剂量槐花珍组和二甲双胍组可显著降低小鼠四氧嘧啶高血糖模型糖水平（P﹤0.01），大、中剂量槐花珍组可显著升高肝糖元水平（P﹤0.01），小剂量槐花珍组和二甲双胍组可明显升高肝糖元水平（P﹤0.05）。It can be seen from the above table that compared with the blank control group, the blood glucose level in the model group was significantly increased (P﹤0.01), and the liver glycogen level was significantly decreased (P﹤0.01), indicating that the mouse alloxan hyperglycemia model was successfully established. Compared with the model group, large, medium and small doses of Huaihuazhen group and metformin group can significantly reduce the glucose level of mouse alloxan hyperglycemia model (P﹤0.01), large and medium doses of Huaihuazhen group can significantly increase liver Glycogen level (P﹤0.01), low-dose Huaihuazhen group and metformin group can significantly increase liver glycogen level (P﹤0.05).

3.3 对链尿佐菌素致小鼠糖尿病模型血糖及胰脏组织形态的影响3.3 Effects on blood sugar and pancreatic tissue morphology in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

按血糖试剂盒说明书和肝糖原试剂盒说明书进行操作，分别测定各组小鼠的血糖水平和肝糖原含量，结果见表3。光镜观察胰脏组织切片，各组胰脏不同病理变化见表4。According to the instructions of the blood glucose kit and the liver glycogen kit, the blood glucose level and liver glycogen content of the mice in each group were measured respectively, and the results are shown in Table 3. The pancreas tissue sections were observed under a light microscope. The different pathological changes of the pancreas in each group are shown in Table 4.

表3 槐花珍对链尿佐菌素致小鼠糖尿病模型血糖水平的影响（mmol/l）Table 3 The effect of Huaihuazhen on the blood sugar level of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice ( mmol/l)

*与模型组比P＜0.05，**与模型组比P＜0.01*P<0.05 compared with the model group, **P<0.01 compared with the model group

从表3可看出，与空白对照组比，从开始给药到给药第30天，模型组血糖水平均显著升高（P﹤0.01），肝糖元水平显著降低（P﹤0.01），说明造小鼠链尿佐菌素糖尿病模型成功。各给药组开始血糖之间无明显差异，说明分组均匀；给药第10天，各给药组比模型组均降低，但无明显差异；给药第20天，与模型组比，二甲双胍组和大剂量槐花珍组小鼠血糖水平均显著降低（P﹤0.01），中剂量槐花珍组明显降低（P﹤0.05）；给药第30天，与模型组比，大、中、小剂量槐花珍组和二甲双胍组均可显著降低模型小鼠血糖水平（P﹤0.01），小剂量槐花珍组明显降低血糖水平（P﹤0.05）；大、中、小剂量槐花珍组和二甲双胍组均可显著升高模型小鼠肝糖元水平（P﹤0.01）。It can be seen from Table 3 that compared with the blank control group, from the beginning of administration to the 30th day of administration, the blood glucose level of the model group was significantly increased (P﹤0.01), and the liver glycogen level was significantly decreased (P﹤0.01). It shows that the mouse streptozotocin diabetes model is successfully constructed. There was no significant difference between the blood glucose of each administration group at the beginning, indicating that the grouping was uniform; on the 10th day of administration, each administration group was lower than the model group, but there was no significant difference; on the 20th day of administration, compared with the model group, the metformin group The blood glucose levels of the mice in the high-dose Huaihuazhen group were significantly lowered (P﹤0.01), and the middle-dose Huaihuazhen group was significantly lowered (P﹤0.05); on the 30th day of administration, compared with the model group, the The dose of Huaihuazhen group and metformin group can significantly reduce the blood sugar level of model mice (P﹤0.01), and the small dose of Huaihuazhen group can significantly reduce the blood sugar level (P﹤0.05); Metformin group can significantly increase the liver glycogen level of model mice (P﹤0.01).

表4 槐花珍对链尿佐菌素致小鼠糖尿病模型胰脏组织的影响Table 4 The effect of Huaihuazhen on the pancreas of the mouse diabetic model induced by streptozotocin

“-”胰岛细胞胞浆丰富，未出现萎缩，水肿和空泡变性，均正常；“+”胰岛细胞呈现萎缩现象，而无水肿和空泡变性；“++”胰岛细胞大部分出现萎缩，细胞少数出现水肿而无空泡变性；“+++”胰岛细胞出现萎缩，同时出现水肿和空泡变性明显者。"-" The islet cells are rich in cytoplasm, without atrophy, edema and vacuolar degeneration, all normal; "+" The islet cells are atrophic, but without edema and vacuolar degeneration; "++" Most of the islet cells are atrophic, A small number of cells showed edema without vacuolar degeneration; "+++" islet cells showed atrophy, and edema and vacuolar degeneration were obvious at the same time.

从上表可看出，经Ridit检验，与空白对照组比，模型组胰脏病理变化显著（P﹤0.01），说明造小鼠糖尿病模型成功。与模型组比，大、中、小剂量槐花珍组均可显著减轻胰脏的病理变化（P﹤0.01）。各组小鼠胰脏组织光镜观察可见：空白对照组小鼠胰岛细胞胞浆丰富、胞体大、胰岛体积也大；模型组小鼠胰岛中的胰岛细胞胞浆明显减少、胞体缩小、细胞显得密集，胰岛细胞部分出现空泡变；二甲双胍组小鼠胰岛中的胰岛细胞部分细胞胞浆较丰富，部分细胞胞浆明显减少，胞体明显缩小，核密集；大剂量槐花珍组小鼠胰脏组织的大部分细胞已得到恢复，胞浆丰富，个别细胞呈水肿状态，周围少部分细胞出现萎缩；中剂量槐花珍组小鼠胰脏组织中部分细胞呈现水肿状态，部分得到明显恢复，胞浆显得丰富，胞体增大；小剂量槐花珍组小鼠胰脏组织中的胰岛细胞大部分呈现萎缩状态，细胞体积缩小，核密集，少数细胞出现一定萎缩，但有部分胞浆。It can be seen from the above table that compared with the blank control group, the pathological changes of the pancreas in the model group were significantly (P﹤0.01) by the Ridit test, indicating that the mouse diabetes model was successfully established. Compared with the model group, the large, medium and small doses of Huaihuazhen group could significantly reduce the pathological changes of the pancreas (P﹤0.01). The light microscope observation of the pancreatic tissue of mice in each group showed that the islet cells in the blank control group had abundant cytoplasm, large cell bodies, and large islet volume; Part of the islet cells in the metformin group showed vacuolation; in the islet cells of the metformin group, the cytoplasm of the islet cells was abundant, and the cytoplasm of some cells was significantly reduced, the cell body was significantly smaller, and the nucleus was dense; the pancreas of the mice in the high-dose Huaihuazhen group Most of the cells in the tissue have been recovered, the cytoplasm is abundant, individual cells are in a state of edema, and a small number of cells around them are shrinking; some cells in the pancreatic tissue of mice in the middle dose of Huaihuazhen group are in a state of edema, and some cells have been significantly recovered. Plasma was abundant and cell bodies enlarged; most of the islet cells in the pancreas of mice in the low-dose Huaihuazhen group showed atrophy, with reduced cell volume and dense nuclei. A few cells shrank to a certain extent, but there were some cytoplasm.

在做动物实验的同时，申请人将拌有山葛粉的蒸槐花作为蒸菜供人们或患有高血糖、糖尿病的患者进行食用，每天食用1-2次，每次30-60g，在60多人的食用中，其中未患有高血糖、糖尿病的有21人，高血糖、糖尿病患者各20人，无发现有副作用，而患有高血糖、糖尿病的患者在食用3个月后，高血糖有明显降低，糖尿病症状有改善或明显改善，表明服用安全，有利于高血糖、糖尿病患者的康复和身体健康。While doing animal experiments, the applicant used the steamed Sophora japonica flower mixed with arrowroot powder as a steamed dish for people or patients with hyperglycemia and diabetes to eat 1-2 times a day, 30-60g each time, at 60 Among them, 21 people did not suffer from hyperglycemia and diabetes, and 20 people each had hyperglycemia and diabetes. No side effects were found. However, after 3 months of consumption, patients with hyperglycemia and diabetes experienced high The blood sugar is significantly lowered, and the symptoms of diabetes are improved or significantly improved, indicating that it is safe to take and is beneficial to the recovery and physical health of hyperglycemia and diabetes patients.

4 结论4 Conclusion

由实施资料可以清楚的看出，本发明中药物可显著降低肾上腺素所致的高血糖小鼠的血糖含量；显著降低四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型小鼠和链脲佐菌素糖尿病模型小鼠的高血糖。槐花珍还能够促进血糖转化为糖元，显著提高肾上腺素和四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型小鼠肝糖元的含量。槐花珍还可以改善链脲佐菌素糖尿病小鼠胰岛细胞形态和功能，发挥良好降血糖作用。槐花珍降糖作用和对肝糖元含量的影响与其剂量的大小有关。大剂量组优于中剂量组，中剂量组优于小剂量组。也就是说随着给药剂量的增加，降糖作用就越明显，肝糖元含量的增加也越显著，呈现一定的量效关系。结果提示槐花珍的降糖作用机理可能是其对抗肾上腺素分解肝糖原；改善胰岛细胞形态和功能，促进动物损伤的胰岛β细胞恢复，有实际的应用价值，是中药上的创新。As can be clearly seen from the implementation data, medicine in the present invention can significantly reduce the blood sugar content of hyperglycemia mice caused by epinephrine; significantly reduce the hyperglycemia of alloxan diabetic model mice and streptozotocin diabetic model mice blood sugar. Huaihuazhen can also promote the conversion of blood sugar into glycogen, and significantly increase the content of hepatic glycogen in adrenaline and alloxan diabetic model mice. Huaihuazhen can also improve the shape and function of islet cells in streptozotocin diabetic mice, and exert a good hypoglycemic effect. The hypoglycemic effect of Huaihuazhen and its effect on the content of glycogen in the liver are related to the size of its dose. The high-dose group was better than the middle-dose group, and the middle-dose group was better than the low-dose group. That is to say, as the dosage increases, the hypoglycemic effect becomes more obvious, and the glycogen content of the liver increases more significantly, showing a certain dose-effect relationship. The results suggest that the hypoglycemic mechanism of Huaihuazhen may be that it resists adrenaline to decompose liver glycogen; it improves the shape and function of islet cells and promotes the recovery of damaged islet β cells in animals, which has practical application value and is an innovation in traditional Chinese medicine.